CN116998036A - 用于高电压存储器的冷却器的可插接的接头元件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器的接头元件,所述接头元件具有冷却剂引导部,所述冷却剂引导部在入流管路接口与出流管路接口之间延伸;并且所述接头元件具有连接接口,所述连接接口用于将冷却器的换热元件连接到冷却剂引导部上,其特征在于,所述入流管路接口和出流管路接口具有全等的接口轮廓。本发明还涉及一种冷却器元件和一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器的接头元件、一种具有这样的接头元件的冷却器元件以及一种具有至少两个这样的冷却器元件的冷却器。
本发明在当前针对在用于高电压存储器之内的电池单体的中间单体冷却器中的应用进行说明,该高电压存储器具有多个圆形单体,这些圆形单体在多个行中设置,在这些行之间置入冷却器元件。因为本发明主要涉及各单个冷却器元件在冷却剂源上的连接,不言而喻,所以本发明也可以与这种应用场景无关地被利用。
背景技术
在中间单体冷却器中,对冷却型材的供应通过共轨已知,该共轨通过交替地设置的单独地构成的管段和接头元件的直接扩孔而被组装和构成,所述接头元件在两侧具有公形地构成的接口轮廓。
这种“扩孔方案”具有高的结构空间需求,尤其是关于共轨的延伸部的纵轴线在轴向上具有高的结构空间需求。此外,具有附加管段的结构方式引起附加的成本,由于附加的分离部位/构件而引起高数量的密封部位,并且从而引起装配误差或泄漏的许多可能性。此外,扩孔方案不允许简单拆卸以便返修,如果在组装之后的密封性检验发现泄漏的话。
发明内容
在此背景之下,本发明的目的是,改进一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器。
每一个独立权利要求通过其特征确定一个主题,该主题达到所述目的。从属权利要求涉及本发明的有利的扩展方案。
按照一个方面,公开一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器的接头元件,所述冷却器尤其是中间单体冷却器,所述高电压存储器尤其是具有多个能量存储单体,这些能量存储单体在至少两个行中设置,并且所述高电压存储器尤其是设置在机动车中。所述接头元件至少具有:
(a)冷却剂汇集管路,其具有冷却剂引导部,所述冷却剂引导部在用于冷却剂的入流管路接口与出流管路接口之间延伸。
(b)连接接口,其用于将冷却器的换热元件、尤其是冷却路径连接到冷却剂引导部上,尤其是在冷却剂更换方面,所述连接接口设置在冷却剂引导部上,尤其是设置在入流管路接口与出流管路接口之间。
在此,入流管路接口和出流管路接口具有全等的、尤其是彼此全等的接口轮廓。
因此,多个相同地构成的接头元件可以相互插接。在相邻的接头元件之间的冷却剂引导部因此可以在相互插接的入流管路接口和出流管路接口的适宜密封的情况下以对冷却剂密封的方式实现,而不需要连接构件例如管段,所述连接构件在已知的接头元件的已知的扩孔的情况下被需要。
典型的中间单体冷却器需要多个冷却器元件和因此需要多个接头元件;如果如在已知的中间单体冷却器中那样每一个单体行在单侧被冷却,那么数量至少等于单体行数的大约一半。因此,本发明节约了多个(所以总体上复杂地)要被组装的连接构件,并且因此实现简单得多的不易出故障的组装。
另外,相邻接头元件的更紧凑的结构方式和/或布置是可能的,因为:第一,仅仅入流管路接口和出流管路接口之一突出地构成,并且第二,取消了单独的连接元件。
这允许——尤其是在具有典型地使用的单体类型、例如具有18650单体的圆形单体式高电压存储器的情况下——双侧冷却的中间单体冷却器的结构,例如其按一种实施方式至少局部地在所有单体行之间分别具有换热元件和因此具有接头元件。
“全等的接口轮廓”在本文中尤其是可以理解为,两个接口之一具有作为内轮廓的接口轮廓,并且两个接口之另一具有构成为外轮廓的接口轮廓。在此,两个全等的接口轮廓的彼此的偏差尤其是在如此程度上是可能的:因此,在相邻的按本发明并且相同地构成的接头元件的情况下,两个接口的连接的密封效果在穿过两个参与的接头元件的冷却剂汇集管路方面不被损害。在此,偏差尤其是表示误差和/或加工余量,它们允许相互插接,而不损害密封效果。但是也可以表示进一步的偏差,例如在相互插接之后在按本发明全等的接口轮廓之间设置保留的凹部。
按照一种实施方式,入流管路接口和出流管路接口之一构成为公型的插接元件,并且入流管路接口和出流管路接口之另一构成为母型的插接元件。
按照一种实施方式,通过环形密封件、尤其是一个或多个密封环在一个或两个接口上保证足够的密封效果。替选地,也可以适宜地选择接头元件的材料,以便在适宜地组装的情况下在两个接头元件之间形成可靠的环绕的密封接触,尤其是通过适宜的弹性来实现。
按照另一个方面,公开一种冷却器元件,其用于高电压存储器的冷却器,尤其是用于中间单体冷却器,所述高电压存储器尤其是在机动车中的高电压存储器,所述冷却器元件具有按照本发明的实施方式的至少一个接头元件以及具有换热元件,该换热元件具有冷却路径,所述冷却路径借助于冷却路径接口设置在接头元件的冷却剂引导部的连接接口上。
按照另一个方面,公开一种用于高电压存储器的中间单体冷却器,所述高电压存储器尤其是在机动车中的高电压存储器,所述中间单体冷却器具有按照本发明的实施方式的至少两个冷却器元件,各冷却器元件在一个冷却器元件的一个或多个入流管路接口上与相邻的冷却器元件的一个或多个出流管路接口连接、尤其是插接和/或以对冷却剂密封的方式接合(例如借助于钎焊或熔焊或类似方式),以引导冷却剂。
尤其是,所述中间单体冷却器具有多个冷却器元件,例如在所有的在高电压存储器的两个单体行之间中间空间中分别具有一个冷却器元件,这些冷却器元件沿着纵轴线并排设置,这些冷却器元件构成沿着相互插接的冷却剂汇集管路的一个或多个冷却剂引导部。于是尤其是所述一个或多个冷却剂引导部(它们也许是分开的,如果在各接头元件中分别设置多个、尤其是两个冷却剂汇集管路,例如用于冷却剂入流管路和冷却剂出流管路)关于各单个换热元件的要被输入或者要被输出的冷却剂构成共轨。
各换热元件分别例如构成为冷却板或者波纹冷却型材,和/或分别用于设置在高电压存储器的两个单体行之间。例如各换热元件可以分别至少局部地对存储单体的单体周部进行仿形和/或被成型到单体周部上,所述换热元件设置在单体周部之间。
作为接头元件的材料,尤其是可以考虑塑料或者金属材料(例如铝合金),其适合用于,将所使用的冷却剂、例如冷却水或者冷却油在规定的温度范围中可靠地引导。所述接头元件尤其是借助于注塑工艺或者铝压铸工艺制成。尤其是环绕地在一个或多个公型接口轮廓的径向外部分别设置至少一个环形密封件(尤其是构成为O形环),其例如由合适的橡胶材料、硅树脂材料或者聚合物材料制成。
作为换热元件,尤其是考虑空心型材、尤其是由铝合金制成的空心型材,其适合用于将所使用的冷却剂例如冷却水或者冷却油在规定的温度范围中可靠地引导。例如所述空心型材借助于挤出工艺制成和/或例如具有由介电的聚合物材料构成的喷涂的电绝缘层。
如果换热元件和接头元件分别由金属材料例如铝合金制成,那么连接可以以对冷却剂密封的方式钎焊或者熔焊。如果换热元件和接头元件之一由塑料制成,并且两者之另一由金属材料制成,或者两者均由塑料制成,那么连接可以以对冷却剂密封的方式粘接。
本发明现在另外基于以下构思:构成接头元件,使得这些接头元件可以直接地相互堆叠。不需要其他的连接元件,尤其是不需要单独的连接元件。尤其是也实现将共轨集成到各单个换热元件的接头元件中。
如果通过堆叠的接头元件不仅设置用于冷的冷却剂的入流管路共轨而且设置用于热的冷却剂的出流管路共轨,那么要相互堆叠的接头元件之中的每一个接头元件具有两个公型接管和两个母型接管,所述公型接管具有处于径向外部的接口轮廓,所述母型接管具有与之全等的处于径向内部的接口轮廓。第一接头元件的公型接管嵌入到下一个接头元件的母型接头中,并且因此构成热的共轨和冷的共轨。在公型接头与母型接头之间设置用于换热元件的连接接口,所述换热元件尤其是构成为冷却板和/或冷却型材。
在公型接头与母型接头之间的密封例如通过O形环保证。
为了将两个接口轮廓(进流部和回流部)之间的误差保持小,按照一种实施方式,两个接口轮廓由一个部件制成。按照一种替选的实施方式,通过合适的误差补偿措施,也可以设置多件式的方案。
为了实现冷却剂通过一个或多个共轨的良好分布,按照一种实施方式,所述共轨的流动横截面可以构成为明显大于单个的换热元件的流动横截面。
按照本发明的一种扩展方案实现返修/维修方案,方式为,在公型接管中设置附加的槽,并且在母型接头中在相同的轴向位置上(在组装状态中)设置横孔。在缺陷情况下可以通过横孔将密封剂引入到所述槽中,以便保证密封,例如当O形环损坏时。
作为在公型接管中的槽的替换,这样的返修在存在横孔时是可能的,如果否则全等的接口轮廓在横孔的轴向区域中彼此不同,使得在组装时保留环绕的凹部,该凹部能被填充密封剂。
按照一种实施方式,所述接头元件具有第一侧壁,入流管路接口和出流管路接口之一从该第一侧壁出发远离连接接口地延伸;并且所述接头元件具有第二侧壁,入流管路接口和出流管路接口之另一从该第二侧壁出发朝向连接接口延伸,其中,按照一种实施方式,两个侧壁构造成用于,在按本发明并且相同地构成的接头元件相互插接、换言之组装的情况下,相互贴靠。因此可以实现接头元件的沿着轴向最大密集的堆叠,并且因此也可以实现冷却器元件的沿着轴向最大密集的堆叠。
按照一种实施方式,第一和第二侧壁构成为,使得第一和第二侧壁在两个接头元件、尤其是按本发明并且相同地构成的接头元件相互插接的情况下相互构成止挡部,在止挡部处和/或从止挡部起可靠地构成密封,尤其是通过入流管路接口和出流管路接口的相互插接。因此,可以容易地实现正确组装的简单的视觉的、声学的和/或触觉的检验。另外,进一步优化接头元件的轴向密集的堆叠并且从而也进一步优化冷却器元件的轴向密集的堆叠。
按照一种实施方式,全等的接口轮廓构成为,使得在构成连接时在两个接口轮廓之间保留环绕的空腔、尤其是凹部和/或槽。该空腔可以在负面的密封性检验的情况下在没有拆卸已经组装的冷却器元件的情况下用密封剂填充,并且因此将连接在事后密封并且可靠地密封。
按照一种实施方式,在构成为接纳性的、尤其是构成为母型插接元件的接口上,贯通的凹部从外表面延伸到接口轮廓的一部分,在所述部分上在连接时形成环绕的空腔。因此简单的是,在必要时给空腔填充密封剂、尤其是流态的和/或可硬化的密封剂,即使在冷却器元件的组装状态中。
按照一种实施方式,所述接头元件具有两个相互分开的冷却剂汇集管路,其中,一个冷却剂汇集管路构成为(冷的)冷却剂入流管路,并且一个冷却剂汇集管路构成为(热的)冷却剂出流管路。因此,对于每一个换热元件,一个唯一的接头元件就足够了。因此显著简化组装,方式为,在冷却器元件在单件式的接头元件上借助于全等的接口插接在一起时,接合过程的数量和复杂性降低。
按照一种实施方式,在冷却剂入流管路上设置出口连接接口,用于连接换热元件的冷侧、尤其是冷却路径的冷侧,并且在冷却剂出流管路上设置入口连接接口,用于连接换热元件的热侧、尤其是冷却路径的热侧。因此,一个冷却器元件可以由一个唯一的接头元件和一个唯一的换热元件构成,并且多个这样的相同的冷却器元件可以相互插接成一个中间单体冷却器。
附图说明
本发明的其他优点和应用可能性由后续说明结合以下附图得到:
图1显示按本发明的一种示例性的实施方式的具有多个相互插接的接头元件的中间单体冷却器的局部图。
图2显示图1的中间单体冷却器的局部图,在接头元件中的流体引导部被剖开。
图3以朝向处于径向外部的接口轮廓的斜视图示例性地显示图1的中间单体冷却器的冷却器元件之一的局部图。
图4以朝向处于径向内部的接口轮廓的斜视图示例性地显示图1的中间单体冷却器的冷却器元件之一的局部图。
图5显示图3的局部图连同配属的冷却剂转向器,该冷却剂转向器在该实施例中构成为转向管。
具体实施方式
图1显示构成为中间单体冷却器的冷却器1的局部图,该冷却器用于机动车的在其他方面未描述的高电压存储器。该冷却器1具有多个冷却器元件2,它们全部至少在它们的接头元件4方面相同地构成,这些接头元件沿着冷却剂引导部14和16的纵轴线L以对冷却剂密封的方式(密封分别通过两个环绕密封件18、在此为O形环实现)相互插接,各所述接头元件形成所述冷却剂引导部。因此,各所述接头元件4形成一个入流管路共轨(冷的冷却剂引导部14)和一个出流管路共轨(热的冷却剂引导部16)。
两个共轨14和16的走向以及各环绕密封件18的位置从图2中的剖视图可见。
每个所述冷却器元件2具有正好一个接头元件4和正好一个热板,所述热板作为换热元件10,所述换热元件具有冷却路径12,该冷却路径借助于冷却路径接口设置在相应的接头元件4的冷的冷却剂引导部14的入流管路连接接口15上和冷的冷却剂引导部14的出流管路连接接口17上。
冷却器1的单体行在附图中未描述。在两个相邻的换热元件10之间相应地设置一个要被冷却的单体行,使得每一行在两侧在单体的周面上被冷却。为了改进的冷却,每个换热元件10波浪形地成型贴靠到各单个单体的周面上,使得相邻的单体行在它们的纵向中轴线与相应的接头元件的距离中略微相互错开地设置。
所述接头元件4借助于铝压铸工艺制成。换热元件10通过挤出铝空心型材构成,这些型材设有喷涂的电介质。在未描述的转向区域中,换热元件10要么被弯曲,要么包括两个空心型材,在这两个空心型材之间在转向区域中设置用于使冷却剂转向的管路。连接接口15和17与冷却路径接口钎焊或者对于技术人员而言以其他适宜方式以对冷却剂密封的方式连接,以便可靠地保证冷却剂到冷却路径12中和从冷却路径离开的过渡。
图3和图4在两个不同的斜视图中示例性地显示图1的冷却器1的冷却器元件2之一的局部图。图3的视图朝向两个共轨14和16的处于径向外部的接口轮廓22、26(公型的插接对象20、24的接口轮廓),图4的视图朝向两个共轨14和16的处于径向内部的接口轮廓32、36(母型的插接对象30、34的接口轮廓)。
对于冷的共轨14,冷的冷却剂流(点划线)沿着纵轴线L在每个接头元件4中从母型的插接对象30朝向公型的插接对象20定向,使得母型的插接对象构成冷的入流管路接口30,公型的插接对象构成冷的出流管路接口20。
对于热的共轨16,冷却剂流(双点划线)沿着纵轴线L在每个接头元件4中从公型的插接对象24朝向母型的插接对象34定向,使得公型的插接对象构成热的入流管路接口24,母型的插接对象构成热的出流管路接口34。
相同地构成的接头元件4之中的每一个在实施例中具有铝本体5,该铝本体具有两个冷却剂汇集管路14_4和16_4,在它们上分别在入流管路接口30或24与出流管路接口20或34之间设置连接接口15或17(见图4)。
公型地构成的接口20和24分别具有处于径向外部的环周轮廓22和26,该环周轮廓至少与母型地构成的接口30和34的处于径向内部的接口轮廓32和36全等地构成。
因此,多个相同地构成的接头元件可以相互插接。在相邻的接头元件之间的冷却剂引导部因此可以在相互插接的入流管路接口和出流管路接口的适宜密封的情况下以对冷却剂密封的方式实现,而不用连接构件、例如管件,所述连接构件在已知的接头元件的已知的扩孔的情况下被需要。
在实施例中甚至两个公型接口20和24相同地构成,并且因此对应的母型接口30和34也相同地构成,以便将接头元件还更简单地构成。
示例性的冷却器1可以因此在轴向上紧凑地构成,使得实现圆形单体行的周面的双侧冷却。
在冷却器1组装时,接头元件4的第一侧壁41和相邻的接头元件的第二侧壁42相互贴靠,并且相互构成止挡部,其中,通过O形环18可靠地构成密封。因此可以容易地进行正确组装的简单的视觉检验。另外,接头元件的轴向密集的堆叠并且从而冷却器元件的轴向密集的堆叠被优化。
在每个母型接口32、36上设置一个贯通的凹部43或44(要么已经从注塑模具中形成,要么构成为钻孔),通过所述凹部,必要时为了有缺陷的O形环密封的返修,可以将密封剂注射到环绕的空腔45或46中,该空腔在相邻的接头元件4挡靠时在两个在其他方面全等的接口轮廓22和32或者26与36之间保留。
在图5中显示冷却器元件2的在图3中描述的局部,并且附加地显示配属的冷却剂转向器13,该冷却剂转向器在实施例中构成为转向管。该转向管13限定空腔、例如柱形的空腔,并且具有上方的冷却剂供应接口和下方的冷却剂供应接口,来自换热元件10上部的冷却剂在该上方的冷却剂供应接口上被接纳,并且冷却剂在该下方的供应接口上排出到换热元件10的下部上。换热元件10未在其全长上被描述,这在图示中通过竖直的双断开线表示。
附图标记列表
1 冷却器
2 冷却器元件
4 接头元件
5 铝本体
10 换热元件
12 冷却路径
13 冷却剂转向器,在此为转向管
14 冷的冷却剂引导部(冷的共轨)
14_4 冷的冷却剂汇集管路
15 冷的连接接口
16 热的冷却剂引导部(热的共轨)
16_4 冷的冷却剂汇集管路
17 热的连接接口
18 环绕密封件
20 冷的出流管路接口
22,26 处于径向外部的接口轮廓
24 热的入流管路接口
30 冷的入流管路接口
32,36 处于径向内部的接口轮廓
34 热的出流管路接口
41,42 侧壁
43,44 贯通的凹部
45,46 环绕的空腔
L 纵轴线
Claims (11)
1.一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器(1)的接头元件(4),所述接头元件具有冷却剂引导部(14、16),所述冷却剂引导部在入流管路接口(24、30)与出流管路接口(20、34)之间延伸;并且所述接头元件具有连接接口(15、17),所述连接接口用于将冷却器的换热元件(10)连接到冷却剂引导部上,其特征在于,所述入流管路接口和出流管路接口具有全等的接口轮廓(22、32,26、36)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接头元件,其特征在于,所述入流管路接口和出流管路接口之一构成为公型的插接元件(20、24),并且所述入流管路接口和出流管路接口之另一构成为母型的插接元件(30、34)。
3.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的接头元件,其特征在于第一侧壁(41)和第二侧壁(42),所述入流管路接口和出流管路接口之一从该第一侧壁出发远离连接接口地延伸,所述入流管路接口和出流管路接口之另一从该第二侧壁出发朝向连接接口延伸,这两个侧壁(41、42)构造成用于,。
4.根据权利要求3所述的接头元件,其特征在于,所述第一侧壁(41)和第二侧壁(42)构成为,使得所述第一侧壁和第二侧壁在接头元件相互插接的情况下相互贴靠。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的接头元件,其特征在于,所述第一侧壁(41)和第二侧壁(42)构成为,使得所述第一侧壁和第二侧壁在两个接头元件相互插接的情况下相互构成止挡部,在该止挡部的情况下可靠地构成密封。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的接头元件,其特征在于,所述全等的接口轮廓构成为,使得在构成连接时在两个接口轮廓之间保留环绕的空腔(45、46)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的接头元件,其特征在于,在构成为接纳性的接口上,贯通的凹部(43、44)从外表面延伸到接口轮廓的一部分,在所述部分上在连接时形成所述环绕的空腔(45、46)。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的接头元件,其特征在于两个相互分开的冷却剂汇集管路(14、16),其中,一个冷却剂汇集管路构成为冷却剂入流管路(14),并且一个冷却剂汇集管路构成为冷却剂出流管路(16)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的接头元件,其特征在于,在冷却剂入流管路(14)上设置出口连接接口(15),用于连接换热元件的冷侧;并且在冷却剂出流管路(16)上设置入口连接接口(17),用于连接换热元件的热侧。
10.一种冷却器元件(2),所述冷却器元件用于高电压存储器的冷却器(1),所述冷却器元件具有至少一个根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的接头元件(4)以及具有换热元件(10),该换热元件具有冷却路径(12),所述冷却路径借助于冷却路径接口与接头元件的冷却剂引导部(14、16)的连接接口(15、17)以对冷却剂密封的方式连接。
11.一种用于高电压存储器的冷却器(1),所述冷却器具有至少两个根据权利要求10所述的冷却器元件(2),各冷却器元件在一个冷却器元件的一个或多个入流管路接口上与相邻的冷却器元件的一个或多个出流管路接口连接、尤其是相互插接,以引导冷却剂。
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PCT/EP2022/059095 WO2022233526A1 (de) | 2021-05-05 | 2022-04-06 | Steckbares anschlusselement für einen kühler eines hochvoltspeichers |
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GB2516209A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-01-21 | Williams Grand Prix Eng | Heat Transfer Device |
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