CN116867774A - 嘧啶衍生物 - Google Patents
嘧啶衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116867774A CN116867774A CN202280011568.6A CN202280011568A CN116867774A CN 116867774 A CN116867774 A CN 116867774A CN 202280011568 A CN202280011568 A CN 202280011568A CN 116867774 A CN116867774 A CN 116867774A
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的化合物或其盐,其具有mPGES‑1抑制作用,作为用于预防和/或治疗炎症、疼痛或风湿病等疾病的药物的有效成分有用(R表示甲基或氟原子)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新型嘧啶衍生物。更具体而言,涉及具有mPGES-1抑制作用、可用作预防和/或治疗炎症、疼痛和风湿病等疾病的药物的有效成分的嘧啶衍生物。
背景技术
前列腺素E2(PGE2)通过PGE受体参与炎症、疼痛和发热等,可通过抑制PGE2的产生来抑制炎症。非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)通过在前列腺素生物合成途径的上游抑制环氧合酶(COX)而发挥抗炎作用,但由于在前列腺素生物合成途径中会抑制所有COX参与的在前列腺素类化合物产生的下游的生物合成途径,因此产生由胃粘液的分泌或胃粘膜血流的抑制所引起的胃粘膜损伤作为副作用。
COX中存在COX-1和COX-2这2种同工酶。其中,COX-2通过各种促炎性的刺激(例如,白细胞介素-1β等细胞因子)而在炎症组织中被表达和诱导。就选择性抑制该COX-2的药剂而言,虽然会抑制具有血管扩张作用、血小板凝集作用的PGI2的产生,但另一方面,由于并不抑制由COX-1催化而引起血管收缩、血小板凝集的血栓烷A2(TXA2)的产生,因此认为会提高血栓症的风险,进而增加心血管事件。
在PGE2的生物合成途径的下游,通过前列腺素E合酶(PGE Synthase,PGES)由PGH2生物合成PGE2。PGES中存在mPGES-1(微粒体前列腺素E2合酶-1,microsomalprostaglandin E2 synthase-1)、mPGES-2(微粒体前列腺素E2合酶-2,microsomalprostaglandin E2synthase-2)和cPGES(胞质前列腺素E合酶,cytosolic PGE Synthase)这3种酶,其中,已知mPGES-1是表达会由于炎症刺激而上升的三聚体的诱导型酶(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,96,第7220-7225页,1999),参与癌症、炎症、疼痛、发热、组织修复等。
mPGES-1的抑制剂由于可在炎症部位选择性地抑制PGE2的生物合成途径的最终阶段(Pharmacol.Rev.,59,第207-224页,2007;J.Biol.Chem.,279,第33684-33695页,2004),因而期待作为不会如非甾体类抗炎剂那样引起胃粘膜损伤的抗炎剂。另外,期待mPGES-1抑制剂对疼痛、风湿病、骨关节炎、发热、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、动脉硬化、青光眼等高眼压症、缺血性视网膜疾病、全身性硬皮病、大肠癌等恶性肿瘤、或者抑制PGE2的产生会显示有效性的疾病的预防和/或治疗有效(关于PGE2、PGES和mPGES-1、以及mPGES-1抑制剂的用途等,参照国际公开WO2015/125842)。需要说明的是,还已知mPGES-1抑制剂在抑制PGE2产生的同时会使其他前列腺素类化合物的产生增加(J.Biol.Chem.,280,第16579-16585页,2005)。
作为mPGES-1抑制剂,已知有日本专利第5601422号中公开的杂环衍生物、国际公开WO2015/59618中公开的取代嘧啶化合物、以及国际公开WO2015/125842中公开的三嗪化合物等。国际公开WO2015/59618公开了被对三氟甲基苯基和2-氯-5-异丁酰胺苄基取代的嘧啶化合物(实施例2),国际公开WO2015/125842公开了被对三氟甲基苯基和2-氯-5-异丁酰胺苄基取代的三嗪化合物(实施例1-28)。
另外,国际公开WO2017/73709中公开了间亚苯基取代的具有mPGES-1抑制作用的嘧啶衍生物,国际公开WO2019/44868中公开了杂环取代的具有mPGES-1抑制作用的嘧啶衍生物。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利第5601422号;
专利文献2:国际公开WO2015/59618;
专利文献3:国际公开WO2015/125842;
专利文献4:国际公开WO2017/73709;
专利文献5:国际公开WO2019/44868;
非专利文献
非专利文献1:Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,96,第7220-7225页,1999;
非专利文献2:Pharmacol.Rev.,59,第207-224页,2007;
非专利文献3:J.Biol.Chem.,279,第33684-33695页,2004;
非专利文献4:J.Biol.Chem.,280,第16579-16585页,2005。
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明的课题在于提供具有mPGES-1抑制作用,作为用于预防和/或治疗炎症、疼痛或风湿病等疾病的药物的有效成分有用的新型化合物。
用于解决课题的手段
本发明人为了解决上述课题进行了深入研究,对于间亚苯基取代的嘧啶衍生物进行了各种评价,发现下述通式(I)所表示的嘧啶衍生物对mPGES-1具有强抑制作用,作为用于预防和/或治疗炎症、疼痛或风湿病等疾病的药物的有效成分有用,并且该嘧啶衍生物具有高溶解性,在口服给药时可快速地实现提供高血中浓度,体现出可靠的药效,从而完成了本发明。需要说明的是,在国际公开WO2017/73709中并未具体公开下式所表示的嘧啶衍生物。
即,根据本发明,可提供下述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐:
[化学式1]
(式中,R表示甲基或氟原子)。
根据上述发明优选的方式,可提供R为甲基的上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐。
从另一观点出发,通过本发明,可提供含有上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐的mPGES-1抑制剂;以及含有上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐的PGE2生物合成抑制剂。
进而,从另一观点出发,通过本发明,可提供含有上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐作为有效成分的药物。上述药物可以用于例如炎症、疼痛、风湿病、骨关节炎、发热、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、动脉硬化、青光眼等高眼压症、缺血性视网膜疾病、全身性硬皮病、大肠癌等恶性肿瘤、或者抑制PGE2的产生会显示有效性的疾病的预防和/或治疗。
另外,通过本发明,提供上述通式(I)表示的化合物或其盐用于制造上述mPGES-1抑制剂、上述PGE2生物合成抑制剂或上述药物中的用途;在包括人在内的哺乳类动物的生物体内抑制mPGES-1的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐给予至包括人在内的哺乳类动物的工序;在包括人在内的哺乳类动物的生物体内抑制PGE2的生物合成的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐给予至包括人在内的哺乳类动物的工序;以及在包括人在内的哺乳类动物的生物体内通过抑制PGE2的生物合成来促进其他前列腺素类化合物的产生的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的上述通式(I)表示的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐给予至包括人在内的哺乳类动物的工序。
发明效果
由本发明提供的上述通式(I)表示的化合物或其盐对mPGES-1发挥强抑制作用,可抑制PGE2的生物合成。另外,上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐具有高溶解性,通过口服给药被快速吸收,在短时间内提供高的血中浓度,有生物利用度优异的特征。另外,有代谢稳定性(对细胞色素P450(CYP)或UDP-葡萄糖醛酸转移酶(UGT)的稳定性)优异的特征。
因此,上述通式(I)表示的化合物或其盐作为用于预防和/或治疗例如炎症、疼痛、风湿病、骨关节炎、发热、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、动脉硬化、青光眼等高眼压症、缺血性视网膜疾病、全身性硬皮病、大肠癌等恶性肿瘤、或者抑制PGE2的产生会显示有效性的疾病的药物的有效成分是有用的。
附图说明
图1是显示本发明例1的化合物(□)和国际公开WO2017/73709中公开的实施例182的化合物(◇)对雄性豚鼠口服给药后的血浆中的未变化体浓度推移的图。
具体实施方式
上述通式(I)中,R表示甲基或氟原子,R优选为甲基。
本发明的化合物可根据例如国际公开WO2017/73709中公开的嘧啶衍生物的合成方法容易地制造。本说明书的实施例具体示出了本发明化合物的合成方法。
通式(I)所表示的化合物可以是盐的状态。作为盐,没有特别限制,可根据目的适当选择,例如可列举:钠、钾等碱金属盐;钙、镁等碱土金属盐;甲胺、乙胺、二乙醇胺等有机胺盐等、或盐酸盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐等无机酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、马来酸盐、酒石酸盐等有机酸盐等。
通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐可以以水合物或溶剂化物的状态存在。形成溶剂化物的溶剂的种类没有特别限定,例如可以例示乙醇、乙酸乙酯、丙酮等。
通式(I)所表示的本发明的化合物具有mPGES-1抑制作用,基于该抑制作用可抑制PGE2生物合成。因此,含有通式(I)所表示的本发明的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐作为有效成分的本发明的药物基于mPGES-1抑制作用,可用于预防和/或治疗例如炎症、疼痛、风湿病、骨关节炎、发热、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、动脉硬化、青光眼等高眼压症、缺血性视网膜疾病、全身性硬皮病、大肠癌等恶性肿瘤、或者抑制PGE2的的产生会显示有效性的疾病。
更具体而言,本发明的药物例如可用作用于预防和/或治疗炎症性大肠炎、肠易激综合征、偏头痛、头痛、腰痛、腰椎管狭窄症、椎间盘突出、颞下颌关节症、颈肩臂综合征、颈椎病、子宫内膜症、子宫腺肌症、早产、先兆早产、痛经症、膀胱过度活动症、前列腺肥大所伴随的排尿障碍、夜尿症、尿失禁、神经源性膀胱、间质性膀胱炎、膀胱疼痛综合征、尿路结石、前列腺肥大症、慢性前列腺炎、盆腔内疼痛综合征、勃起障碍、认知障碍、神经退行性疾病、阿尔茨海默病、肺高血压、银屑病、类风湿性关节炎、风湿热、纤维肌痛、神经痛、复杂性区域疼痛综合征、筋膜障碍、缺血性心脏病、高血压、心绞痛、病毒感染症、细菌性感染症、真菌性感染症、烧伤、手术后、外伤后以及拔牙后的炎症/疼痛、恶性肿瘤、心肌梗塞、动脉粥样硬化、血栓症、栓塞症、I型糖尿病、II型糖尿病、脑卒中、痛风、关节炎、骨关节炎、幼年型关节炎、强直性脊椎炎、腱鞘炎、韧带骨化症、系统性红斑狼疮、脉管炎、胰腺炎、肾炎、结膜炎、虹膜炎、巩膜炎、葡萄膜炎、创伤治疗、皮炎、湿疹、骨质疏松症、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、肺纤维化、过敏性疾病、家族性腺瘤性息肉病、硬皮病、滑囊炎、子宫肌瘤或癌症中的疼痛的药物。关于mPGES-1抑制作用与药物用途的关联,可参考例如国际公开WO2015/125842。上述国际公开的公开内容和其中引用的文献的全部内容通过参照并入本说明书的公开内容中。
作为本发明的药物,可将作为有效成分的上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐进行给药,优选可通过本领域技术人员公知的方法制备口服用或非口服用的药物组合物进行给药。作为适于口服给药的药物用组合物,例如可列举:片剂、散剂、胶囊剂、细粒剂、液剂、颗粒剂和糖浆剂等,作为适于非口服给药的药物组合物,例如可列举:静脉内注射剂、肌肉内注射剂等注射剂、点滴剂、吸入剂、滴眼剂、滴鼻剂、栓剂、经皮吸收剂、经粘膜吸收剂等,但并不限定于这些。
上述药物组合物可使用本领域常用于制备药物组合物的制剂用添加物,通过本领域技术人员公知的方法来制造。制剂用添加物没有特别限定,可以根据药物组合物的形态、缓释性的赋予等目的适当选择。例如可列举:赋形剂、粘合剂、增量剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂、润滑剂、分散剂、缓冲剂、保存剂、矫味剂、香料、被膜剂、稀释剂等,但并不限定于这些。
本发明的药物的给药量没有特别限定,可根据要预防或治疗的疾病的种类、预防或治疗的目的、有效成分的种类、患者的体重或年龄、症状、给药途径等适当选择,例如,在口服给药的情况下,可以成人每天按有效成分的重量计0.01~500mg左右的范围使用。但是,给药量可由本领域技术人员适当选择,不限定于上述范围。
实施例
以下,基于实施例更详细地说明本发明,但本发明并不限定于这些实施例。
参考例:2-[3-(氨基甲基)-2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]-6-[5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮
[化学式2]
将8g N-(2-氟-3-{6-氧代-4-[5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]-1,6-二氢嘧啶-2-基}-4-(三氟甲基)苄基)异丁酰胺的40mL浓盐酸溶液在密封管中、于130℃下搅拌9小时。暂时停止反应,第二天再次在相同条件下搅拌8小时。向反应溶液中加入50mL水后,在冰冷却下,滴加17.9g氢氧化钠的120mL水溶液并搅拌片刻,滤取析出的固体并水洗。再次悬浮于130mL叔丁基甲基醚中,加热回流1小时后,在室温下搅拌30分钟后,滤取悬浮的固体,得到标题化合物。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6,δ):4.25(2H,s),7.42(1H,brs),7.94(1H,d,J=8.4Hz),8.03(1H,t,J=7.6Hz),8.32(1H,d,J=8.4Hz),8.39(1H,dd,J=8.4,2.0Hz),8.62(2H,brs),9.15(1H,s)
MS(m/z):432(M+)
例1:2-氟-N-(2-氟-3-{6-氧代-4-[5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]-1,6-二氢嘧啶-2-基}-4-(三氟甲基)苄基)-2-甲基丙酰胺
[化学式3]
向170mg 2-[3-(氨基甲基)-2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]-6-[5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮的3mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、3mL四氢呋喃混合溶液中加入45μL 2-氟异丁酸、109μL三乙胺、164mg O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐,在室温下搅拌一夜。用乙酸乙酯提取后,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液、水、饱和食盐水各清洗1次,用硫酸镁干燥,在减压下蒸馏去除溶剂。将得到的残余物通过硅胶柱层析进行纯化,在减压下蒸馏去除溶剂。用叔丁基甲基醚悬浮并过滤,得到119mg标题化合物。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6,δ):1.51(6H,d,J=22.0Hz),4.46(2H,d,J=6.4Hz),7.35(1H,brs),7.67(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),7.81(1H,d,J=8.4Hz),8.36(2H,s),8.87(1H,m),9.14(1H,s),13.51(1H,brs)
MS(m/z):520(M+)
例2:2,2-二氟-N-(2-氟-3-{6-氧代-4-[5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]-1,6-二氢嘧啶-2-基}-4-(三氟甲基)苄基)丙酰胺
[化学式4]
向170mg 2-[3-(氨基甲基)-2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]-6-[5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮的3mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、3mL四氢呋喃混合溶液中加入40μL 2,2-二氟丙酸、109μL三乙胺、164mg O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐,在室温下搅拌一夜。用乙酸乙酯提取后,依次用饱和氯化铵水溶液、水、饱和食盐水各清洗1次,用硫酸镁干燥,在减压下蒸馏去除溶剂。将得到的残余物通过硅胶柱层析进行纯化,在减压下蒸馏去除溶剂。用叔丁基甲基醚、己烷的混合溶剂悬浮并过滤,得到173mg标题化合物。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6,δ):1.80(3H,t,J=19.6Hz),4.51(2H,d,J=6.0Hz),7.36(1H,brs),7.71(1H,t,J=7.2Hz),7.82(1H,d,J=8.4Hz),8.36(2H,m),9.14(1H,s),9.46(1H,t,J=6.0Hz),13.52(1H,brs)
MS(m/z):524(M+)
试验例1:mPGES-1抑制活性试验
由用编码人mPGES-1cDNA的质粒瞬时转染的COS-1细胞制备微粒体,用作mPGES-1酶。用含有2.5mM还原型谷胱甘肽和1mM EDTA的磷酸钠缓冲液(pH7.2)稀释mPGES-1酶,加入DMSO或试验化合物的DMSO溶液(DMSO的终浓度为1%),在4℃下预孵育15分钟。接着,添加作为底物的PGH2使其终浓度为1μM,以开始酶反应,在4℃下孵育4分钟后,加入25mM的氯化铁和50mM的柠檬酸溶液,以停止酶反应。使用Prostaglandin E2 Express EIA kit(CaymanChemical)测定生成的PGE2。使用标准方法测量IC50值。
其结果,例1化合物的IC50值为1.8nM。为了比较,同样测定国际公开WO2017/73709中公开的嘧啶衍生物(表1-11中记载的实施例182的化合物)的IC50值,结果为1.2nM。
试验例2:血中浓度
对例1的化合物和国际公开WO2017/73709中公开的实施例182的化合物按10mg/kg的剂量各称量10mg,在玛瑙研钵中分别微粉化约30秒。每次少量地加入0.5%甲基纤维素400溶液(富士胶片和光纯药(株)制造)以使其悬浮,最后用少量的0.5% MC400溶液清洗研钵,使合并的总量为10mL。进行约1分钟超声波处理,制成1mg/mL的给药液。对2只雌性豚鼠使用柔性口服探针(CLEA Japan,RZ-1)以10mL/kg的用量给药,在口服给药后0.5、1、2、4、6、10和24小时采集血液,通过离心分离得到血浆。通过LC-MS/MS(液相色谱-串联质谱)法测量血浆中的浓度。药代动力学参数示于以下表1。
[表1]
平均(n=2)
血浆中的未变化体浓度推移示于图1。由以上结果可知,与比较化合物相比,本发明的化合物口服给药时的生物利用度优异。
试验例3:代谢稳定性试验(UGT)
向例1的化合物中加入DMSO溶解后,添加乙腈和水,制备试验化合物溶液(10μM)。在冰冷却下将含有试验化合物溶液(终浓度1μM)、9mM MgCl2和25μg/mL丙甲菌素(alamethicin)的磷酸钾缓冲液(pH7.4)以及大鼠和豚鼠肝脏或小肠微粒体悬浮液(终浓度0.5mg蛋白/mL)混合。边搅拌边在37℃预孵育5分钟后,加入UDPGA溶液(终浓度2mM)以引发反应。边搅拌边在37℃下孵育5分钟后,添加3倍体积的乙腈,搅拌以使酶反应停止。将反应液离心分离(1500×g,10分钟,4℃)后,将上清液与内标溶液混合,制成测定试样。通过LC-MS/MS测定试样中化合物浓度。另外,制备酶未反应的试样作为初始值。为了比较,对国际公开WO2017/73709中公开的实施例182的化合物进行了同样的试验。代谢稳定性的结果示于下表2。显然,本发明的化合物与比较化合物相比,代谢稳定性优异。
[表2]
试验例4:溶解性试验
制备例1的化合物的10mM DMSO溶液,用JP2溶液(pH 6.8)稀释50倍。孵育16~24小时后,将试验溶液以过滤器过滤,使用HPLC-UV或平板读数器测量滤液中浓度。为了比较,对国际公开WO2017/73709中公开的实施例182的化合物进行了同样的试验。溶解性试验的结果示于下表3中。显然,与比较化合物相比,本发明的化合物溶解性优异。
[表3]
产业实用性
本发明的通式(I)所表示的化合物具有mPGES-1抑制作用,作为用于预防和/或治疗炎症、疼痛或风湿病等疾病的药物的有效成分是有用的。
Claims (6)
1.下述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐:
式中,R表示甲基或氟原子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其盐,其中,R为甲基。
3.一种mPGES-1抑制剂,其含有权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐。
4.一种PGE2生物合成抑制剂,其含有权利要求1或2所述的通式(I)所表示的化合物或其盐。
5.一种药物,其含有权利要求1或2所述的上述通式(I)所表示的化合物或其生理学上可接受的盐。
6.根据权利要求5所述的药物,其用于预防和/或治疗炎症、疼痛、风湿病、骨关节炎、发热、阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症、动脉硬化、高眼压症、缺血性视网膜疾病、全身性硬皮病、恶性肿瘤、膀胱过度活动症、前列腺肥大所伴随的排尿障碍、夜尿症、尿失禁、神经源性膀胱、间质性膀胱炎、膀胱疼痛综合征、尿路结石、前列腺肥大症或者抑制PGE2的的产生会显示有效性的疾病。
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