CN116856181B - 一种高强度防水透湿面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高强度防水透湿面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116856181B
CN116856181B CN202310783585.8A CN202310783585A CN116856181B CN 116856181 B CN116856181 B CN 116856181B CN 202310783585 A CN202310783585 A CN 202310783585A CN 116856181 B CN116856181 B CN 116856181B
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祝丽荣
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Zhejiang Yingbao Clothing Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高强度防水透湿面料及其制备方法,该面料的面料本体由涤纶纤维经梭织工艺制造而成,面料具有强度高、耐磨性好等特点;面料本体经亲水浸渍处理与单侧微孔性涂层处理后,面料的亲水性得到大幅改善,从而具有良好的透湿性,覆有微孔性涂层的一侧,微孔直径能够允许水蒸气分子通过而阻止水滴通过,从而使面料具有防水透气性。

Description

一种高强度防水透湿面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及面料加工领域领域,具体涉及一种高强度防水透湿面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
户外运动者经常跋山涉水,运动量大,气候变幻莫测,对服装、鞋子等运动装备要求较高,不仅要求强度高、耐磨性好,还需要具有很好的防水功能。涤纶纤维等化学纤维具有强韧度高,耐磨性好等特点,用来制造面料,再对面料进行防水处理后适合做户外运动装备材料,但是涤纶纤维等化学纤维往往存在吸湿性和透气性较差的缺点,以涤纶纤维制备的面料穿着在身上时,皮肤上的水分、汗液无法排出,不仅会令使用者感觉闷热不适,而且容易使细菌滋生,影响皮肤的健康;需要改善涤纶面料的透湿性,使面料同时具备防水、透湿性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足而提供一种高强度防水透湿面料及其制备方法,该面料的面料本体具有强度高、耐磨性好等特点;面料本体经亲水浸渍处理与单侧微孔性涂层处理后,面料的亲水性得到大幅改善,从而具有良好的透湿性,覆有微孔性涂层的一侧,微孔直径能够允许水蒸气分子通过而阻止水滴通过,从而使面料具有防水透气性。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种高强度防水透湿面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍完成后,干燥、热定型得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
步骤二、向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,进行凝固浴处理、干燥处理,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料。
优选地,所述亲水性浸渍液包括质量比为0.5-15:0.5-2:100-200的亲水整理剂、增稠剂、去离子水制备而成。
优选地,所述亲水整理剂包括聚酯聚醚共聚物、聚酯聚醚有机硅三元共聚物中的任意一种;
所述增稠剂包括黄原胶、海藻酸钠中任意一种。
优选地,所述微孔性涂层液包括聚氨酯树脂、致孔剂、溶剂制备而成;
致孔剂的质量占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%-8%;
溶剂的质量为聚氨酯树脂质量的1-3倍;
制备步骤如下:
(1)将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,再加入致孔剂与溶剂搅拌均匀得混合液;
(2)将混合液在55-65℃温度下恒温搅拌,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
优选地,所述致孔剂包括聚乙二醇1000、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的任意一种;
所述溶剂包括丁酮和DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)以质量比为1:1形成的混合溶剂。
优选地,所述面料本体包括涤纶纤维经梭织工艺形成的面料。
优选地,所述步骤一中的浸渍处理,浴比(面料本体与亲水性浸渍液的质量比)为1:10-30;
浸渍温度为40-60℃,浸渍时间为30-60min;
干燥温度为60-80℃,干燥时间为4-10小时;
热定型温度为130-180℃,热定型时间为5-10min。
优选地,所述步骤二中的凝固浴处理的浴液包括DMF水溶液;
DMF水溶液中的DMF的质量百分含量为18%-22%;
干燥温度为50-60℃,干燥时间10-30min;
所述单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为30-80μm,微孔孔径为40-90μm。
优选地,一种高强度防水透湿面料,采用如上述的制备方法制得。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
对面料本体进行亲水浸渍处理与单侧微孔性涂层处理两重处理,亲水浸渍处理能够大幅度改善面料的亲水性能,通过对水分子的吸附、传递、解吸作用使皮肤上的水分、汗液通过面料,传递到面料外部环境中,达到面料的透湿功能;通过在具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层,将该面料制造成衣服、鞋子等物品时,覆有微孔性涂层的一面作为外表面,即与外部环境接触,微孔性涂层中的微孔能够允许水蒸气分子通过而阻止水滴通过,将通过具有亲水功能的面料传导到面料外表面的水分、汗液通过微孔排出,同时外部环境的水被面料有效阻隔,达到面料的防水功能;
本发明中面料本体采用涤纶纤维经梭织工艺形成,具有强度高、耐磨性好等特点,面料使用寿命长,经过亲水浸渍处理后,有效克服了涤纶面料吸湿透气性差的问题;
本发明中,配制亲水性浸渍液时,以亲水整理剂作为面料亲水性改性的核心物质,由于亲水整理剂是同时具有聚酯嵌段和聚酯嵌段的两亲结构,聚醚嵌段可在纤维表面向外排列形成亲水层,具有亲水作用,聚酯嵌段与涤纶结构相似,可与涤纶产生共熔、共结晶效应而固着在涤纶纤维表面,产生较强的作用力,耐洗性好。保持面料的长期吸湿透气性。
附图说明
图1本发明中高强度防水透湿面料的制备工艺流程简图;
图2本发明中制得的高强度防水透湿面料的耐磨性能测试结果图;
图3本发明中制得的高强度防水透湿面料的强度性能测试结果图;
图4本发明中制得的高强度防水透湿面料的透湿性能测试结果图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为0.5:0.5:100的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:10将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为40℃,浸渍时间为60min;浸渍完成后,60℃干燥10小时;130℃热定型处理10min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量1倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在55℃温度下恒温搅拌30min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、50℃干燥30min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例2
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为15:2:200的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:30将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为60℃,浸渍时间为30min;浸渍完成后,80℃干燥4小时;180℃热定型处理5min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量3倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在65℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、60℃干燥10min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例3
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例4
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的3%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例5
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的4%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例6
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的5%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例7
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的6%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例8
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的7%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例9
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的8%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例10
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例11
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为18%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为80μm。
实施例12
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为22%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为30μm。
实施例13
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制亲水性浸渍液:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚有机硅三元共聚物DP-9993、增稠剂黄原胶、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例14
高强度防水透湿面料的制备:
(1)配制:将质量比为10:1:150的聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001、增稠剂海藻酸钠、去离子水配制成亲水性浸渍液;
(2)按浴比1:20将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为45min;浸渍完成后,70℃干燥8小时;160℃热定型处理8min,得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
(3)配制微孔性涂层液:将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,加入占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%的致孔剂聚乙二醇1000和聚氨酯树脂质量2倍的溶剂,搅拌均匀得混合液;将混合液在60℃温度下恒温搅拌20min,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
(4)向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,在DMF的质量百分含量为20%的DMF水溶液中进行凝固浴处理、55℃干燥20min,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为50μm,微孔孔径为50μm。
实施例1-14中,面料本体均为涤纶纤维经梭织工艺形成的面料,克重为150g/m2,面料本体使用面积大小相同,向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液时,涂覆的微孔性涂层液质量相同;聚氨酯树脂由巴斯夫公司提供,货号:51728678BCH,溶剂均为丁酮和DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)以质量比为1:1形成的混合溶剂,聚乙二醇1000由天津中和盛泰化工有限公司提供,货号:PEG1000,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮由广东粤美化工有限公司提供,型号:PVP K30,聚酯聚醚共聚物DP-1001与聚酯聚醚有机硅三元共聚物DP-9993均为张家港市德宝化工有限公司提供,黄原胶由苏州福莱德生物科技有限公司提供,货号:38662,海藻酸钠由江苏富盛德生物工程有限公司提供,货号:102。
对比例1
与实施例3相比,对比例1中,不对面料本体进行亲水性浸渍处理,直接向面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,其他条件不变。
对比例2
与实施例3相比,对比例2中,只对面料本体进行亲水性浸渍处理,不向面料本体的一侧进行微孔性涂层液涂覆处理,其他条件不变。
试验例
对实施例1-14和对比例1-2制得的高强度防水透湿面料进行性能测试:
(1)面料耐磨性和强度测试:耐磨性能参考标准JB/T13837-2019进行,将面料试样固定在工作圆盘上,摩擦400次,记录面料的质量保持率;
断裂强度测试是面料发生5cm的变形时受到的纵向和横向的力,测试结果如表1所示;
(2)面料透湿性测试依据标准GB/T12704.1-2009进行,分别测试新面料、水性10次后的面料的透湿率,测试结果如表2所示;
(3)面料防水性测试依据标准GB/T4745-2012进行,分别对新面料,水性10次后的面料、水洗50次后的面料进行喷淋,确定面料的沾水等级,以此评价面料的防水性能,测试结果如表3所示。
表1
表2
表3
沾水等级 沾水等级
实施例1 4-5级 实施例9 4-5级
实施例2 4-5级 实施例10 4-5级
实施例3 4-5级 实施例11 4级
实施例4 4-5级 实施例12 5级
实施例5 4-5级 实施例13 4-5级
实施例6 4-5级 实施例14 4-5级
实施例7 4-5级 对比例1 4-5级
实施例8 4-5级 对比例2 1-2级
由表1可知,本发明制得的面料具有良好的耐磨性和断裂强度,使用寿命长,涂覆有微孔性涂层的面料,由于聚氨酯防水膜的存在,不仅使面料具有较好的防水性能,还能提高面料的强度;
由表2可知,本发明制得的面料具有良好的透湿性能,亲水性浸渍液中亲水整理剂含量越高,面料的亲水透湿性越好;微孔性涂层液中致孔剂用量越多,虽然微孔性涂层中孔隙增加,但是随着致孔剂质量分数增大,粒子之间可能会发生粘并现象,导致致孔剂粒子在分解蒸发的过程中需要克服较大的阻力,造成孔径大小不一,分散不均,透湿性反而降低;对比例1中,由于没有对面料本体进行亲水性浸渍处理,面料的透湿性明显降低;
由表2可知,本发明制得的面料具有良好的防水性能,微孔性涂层的微孔孔隙率随DMF浓度的增加而减小,防水性能增强;对比例2中,由于只对面料本体进行亲水性浸渍处理,不向面料本体的一侧进行微孔性涂层液涂覆处理,面料的防水性能明显降低。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (4)

1.一种高强度防水透湿面料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、将面料本体浸于亲水性浸渍液中进行浸渍处理,浸渍完成后,干燥、热定型得到具有亲水性改性的面料本体;
其中,所述亲水性浸渍液包括质量比为0.5-15:0.5-2:100-200的亲水整理剂、增稠剂、去离子水制备而成;
所述亲水整理剂包括聚酯聚醚共聚物、聚酯聚醚有机硅三元共聚物中的任意一种;
所述增稠剂包括黄原胶、海藻酸钠中任意一种;
步骤二、向具有亲水性涂层的面料本体的一侧涂覆微孔性涂层液,涂覆完成后,进行凝固浴处理、干燥处理,得到单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料,即制得所述防水透湿面料;
其中,所述微孔性涂层液包括聚氨酯树脂、致孔剂、溶剂制备而成;
致孔剂的质量占聚氨酯树脂质量的2%-8%;
溶剂的质量为聚氨酯树脂质量的1-3倍;
制备步骤如下:
(1)将聚氨酯树脂置于反应容器中,再加入致孔剂与溶剂搅拌均匀得混合液;
(2)将混合液在55-65℃温度下恒温搅拌,同时进行冷凝回流,制得微孔性涂层液;
所述致孔剂包括聚乙二醇1000、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的任意一种;
所述溶剂包括丁酮和DMF以质量比为1:1形成的混合溶剂;
所述面料本体包括涤纶纤维经梭织工艺形成的面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中的浸渍处理,浴比为1:10-30;
浸渍温度为40-60℃,浸渍时间为30-60min;
干燥温度为60-80℃,干燥时间为4-10小时;
热定型温度为130-180℃,热定型时间为5-10min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中的凝固浴处理的浴液包括DMF水溶液;
DMF水溶液中的DMF的质量百分含量为18%-22%;
干燥温度为50-60℃,干燥时间10-30min;
所述单面覆有微孔性涂层的面料的微孔性涂层的厚度为30-80μm,微孔孔径为30-90μm。
4.一种高强度防水透湿面料,其特征在于:所述防水透湿面料采用如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的制备方法制得。
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