CN116790685B - 一种生物合成法制备王浆酸及其在护肤中的应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于基因工程和生物合成技术领域,具体涉及一种生物合成法制备王浆酸及其在护肤中的应用。本发明基于酵母工程菌利用含有反式‑2‑癸烯酸的培养基发酵产生王浆酸。同时通过皮肤细胞水平、皮肤模型水平上评价,所述王浆酸能够促进衰老皮肤角质层脂质、神经酰胺的合成,修护皮肤屏障;同时能够促进皮肤成纤维细胞中线粒体ATP、NADPH的合成,降低线粒体活性氧含量,改善线粒体功能异常,抑制细胞凋亡;进一步实验发现,王浆酸能够修复成纤维细胞在紫外照射下的DNA损伤,并减缓细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,强化对染色体末端的保护。因此,本发明制得的王浆酸,在皮肤修护、抗衰老等功能性的护肤品开发中具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于基因工程和生物合成技术领域,具体涉及一种生物合成法制备王浆酸及其在护肤中的应用。
背景技术
公开该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不必然被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已经成为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
王浆酸即10-羟基-2-癸烯酸(10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic acid,10-HDA),是蜂王浆中的一种不饱和脂肪酸。其来源单一,目前在自然界只存在于蜂王浆中,在蜂王浆中含量仅为1.4%-2.4%。在对王浆酸的功效研究中发现,王浆酸与蜂王浆同样有较强的保健功能和医疗效果,具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、增强免疫力、调节血糖等作用。
目前国内王浆酸合成主要以物理提取法、化学合成法为主,提取成本高昂,无法满足大量需求。现阶段,一般采用物理萃取法从蜂王浆中进行提取,由于蜂王浆数量少,该提取方法不适宜于大规模生产,用到大量有机溶剂,成本较高;而在化学法制备方面,通常有α-烯与四氯化碳加成水解法、羧酸α-脱卤法和Knoevenagel缩合法等,但大部分化学合成法反应条件苛刻,除缩合法外收率较低,形成的双键为顺反混合物,难以提取。目前,生物合成法制备王浆酸还处于研究阶段,且产量不稳定,急需获得功能稳定的工程菌株以期批量制备王浆酸。
皮肤屏障使“内部”和“外部”形成一层保护层,防止外部伤害,其中神经酰胺、脂肪酸、甘油三酯和胆固醇等表皮脂质是表皮屏障形成和维持功能的必要成分。脂肪酸约占角质层脂质总重量的15-20%,在人表皮角质层的结构稳定、表皮屏障损伤修复中起重要作用,脂肪酸的减少会导致皮肤屏障功能的受损,并导致各类皮肤炎症发生。研究表明,衰老皮肤中脂质含量明显下降,这也是导致老化皮肤屏障功能降低的重要原因。在皮肤中,ROS可以与角质层中的保护性脂质双层反应形成脂质氢过氧化物,这可能导致皮肤屏障功能的减弱。因此,保持角质层细胞脂质、神经酰胺含量,并减少脂质过氧化,是修复受损皮肤屏障的有效手段。在外界环境刺激下,早期细胞老化而引起细胞寿命的降低,主要机制是由于细胞核和DNA损伤引起的,细胞核形状异常,破坏了细胞核的功能,包括改变组蛋白修饰模式、异常染色质再生、受损的细胞核转移、DNA修复反应的延迟和缩短细胞核端粒的长度。因此,修复受损DNA,延长细胞核端粒的长度是抵抗细胞老化的关键。此外,在细胞正常生命活动中,线粒体是所有生命活动的动力源,不仅提供细胞90%以上的能量,而且深度调控能量代谢、ROS与自由基、氧化应激、炎症等活动;线粒体利用氧分子的同时也不断受到自由基的伤害,导致线粒体功能障碍,引起皮肤老化。因此,针对外部刺激引起的皮肤老化,可以从增强皮肤脂质屏障、减少线粒体损伤以及修复细胞DNA并减缓细胞核端粒缩短等途径抵抗皮肤衰老。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术,本发明的目的在于提供一种生物合成法制备王浆酸及其在护肤中的应用。本发明基于酵母工程菌利用含有反式-2-癸烯酸的培养基发酵产生王浆酸;通过皮肤细胞水平、皮肤模型水平上评价,所述王浆酸能够促进衰老皮肤角质层脂质、神经酰胺的合成,修护皮肤屏障;同时能够促进皮肤成纤维细胞中线粒体ATP、NADPH的合成,降低线粒体活性氧含量,改善线粒体功能异常,抑制细胞凋亡;进一步实验发现,王浆酸能够修复成纤维细胞在紫外照射下的DNA损伤,并减缓细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,强化对染色体末端的保护。基于上述研究成果,从而完成本发明。
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明提供的技术方案如下:
本发明的第一个方面,提供一种基于生物合成法制备王浆酸的方法,所述方法包括:
将至少含有CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的酵母工程菌,利用含有反式-2-癸烯酸的培养基发酵生产王浆酸。
其中,所述CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。该融合基因通过密码子优化,从而使其更易在酿酒酵母中进行表达,通过试验证明,表达上述CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的酵母工程菌能够与底物反式-2-癸烯酸进行反应获得所述王浆酸,其产量可达到190 mg/L。
进一步的,所述酵母工程菌还可以含有辅助基因sil1p和/或辅助基因crp5p。
其中,所述辅助基因sil1p的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示,辅助基因crp5p的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示。通过导入辅助基因sil1p和crp5p,能够进一步提高酵母工程菌生产王浆酸的能力。
所述方法还可以包括对王浆酸进行分离、纯化及干燥中的任意一个或多个步骤。因此,所述王浆酸可以是液体制剂或者固体(如颗粒)制剂。
本发明的第二个方面,提供上述方法和/或上述方法制得的王浆酸在如下任意一种或多种中的应用:
(a)增加表皮层中神经酰胺和脂肪酸的含量,修复皮肤屏障或制备增加表皮层中神经酰胺和脂肪酸的含量,修复皮肤屏障的产品;
(b)修复真皮层成纤维细胞DNA损伤或制备修复真皮层成纤维细胞DNA损伤的产品;
(c)改善线粒体功能,提高细胞功能,促进新陈代谢或制备改善线粒体功能,提高细胞功能,促进新陈代谢的产品;
(d)延缓细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,保护染色体末端结构完整或制备延缓细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,保护染色体末端结构完整的产品。
上述一个或多个技术方案的有益技术效果:
1)与物理提取和化学法制备王浆酸相比,上述技术方案提供了一种利用生物合成制备王浆酸的方法,该方法天然、绿色、且安全;同时,上述技术方案首次将CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因在酿酒酵母中进行密码子优化表达,重组表达CYP153A33-CPRBM3与底物反式-2-癸烯酸反应后可以获得10-HDA,产量可以达到190mg/L,优于CN202211449654.3中所报道的重组蛋白CYP539A7*-F0CPR*作用癸烯酸获得10-HDA产量。此外;上述技术方案构建CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因分别与酿酒酵母中辅助蛋白基因sil1p和crp5p共转化表达,能够有效提高酵母工程菌中10-HDA的产量。辅助蛋白基因sil1p连接蛋白10-HDA产量可以达到280mg/L,辅助蛋白基因crp5p连接融合酶基因后10-HDA产量可以达到246mg/L,均优于CN202211449654.3中所报道的重组蛋白CYP539A7*-F0CPR*-与辅助蛋白连接后,构建的重组菌作用反式-2-癸烯酸获得10-HDA产量;特别的,上述技术方案构建的酿酒酵母工程菌制备10-HDA的时间明显缩短于CN202211449654.3所报道的反应时间。CN202211449654.3中所涉及工程菌反应时间是48小时,上述技术方案中CYP153A33-CPRBM3与酿酒酵母中辅助蛋白基因sil1p共表达质粒工程菌,0.5g/L癸烯酸反应36小时即可达到最大转化率和产物转化量,因此取得优异的技术效果。
2)上述技术方案制备的王浆酸,在3D表皮模型上证实,能显著增加神经酰胺总量、神经酰胺/蛋白的含量,提升率分别为35.37%、47.64%;还能提高脂肪酸总量、脂肪酸/蛋白的含量,提升率分别为27.51%、39%,因此它能够提高表皮层中脂质、神经酰胺含量,提高皮肤的屏障保护功能,改善受损屏障。
3)上述技术方案制备的王浆酸,在成纤维细胞模型上减少8-羟基脱氧鸟苷、γ-H2AX蛋白含量,抑制率分别为45.09%、47.25%,抑制DNA损伤,防止损伤累积导致功能异常;能够降低细胞中线粒体活性氧含量、细胞的早期凋亡率,抑制率分别为70.71%、12.74%,提高线粒体三磷酸腺苷(ATP)、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(NADPH)含量,提升率分别为56.23%、15.13%,保护线粒体免受过氧化损伤,维持细胞内的能量供应及物质代谢;能延长端粒长度,相对T/S(TL)值上调31%,有效延缓衰老过程的细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,加强对染色体末端的结构性保护,防止染色体末端发生降解或融合,细胞失去分裂活性走向衰老,进而防止皮肤衰老。
综上,上述技术方案制得的王浆酸及其制品,在皮肤修护、抗衰老等功能性的化妆品尤其是护肤品开发中具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1为本发明实施例1中PCR扩增产物琼脂糖凝胶电泳图;其中,泳道M为Marker;泳道1-4为CYP153A33-CPRBM3的PCR扩增产物样品;泳道5-6为辅助蛋白基因sil1p的PCR扩增产物样品;泳道7-8为辅助蛋白基因crp5p的PCR扩增产物样品。
图2为本发明实施例1中pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3质粒构建图。
图3为本发明实施例1中pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-sil1p质粒构建图。
图4为本发明实施例1中pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-crp5p质粒构建图。
图5为本发明实施例1中菌落PCR产物琼脂糖凝胶电泳图;其中,泳道M为Marker;泳道1-4为挑取大肠杆菌DH5α/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3菌株的不同的单菌落PCR扩增产物样品;泳道5-8为挑取大肠杆菌DH5α/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-sil1p菌株的不同的单菌落PCR扩增产物样品;泳道9-12为挑取大肠杆菌DH5α/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-crp5p菌株的不同的单菌落PCR扩增产物样品。
图6为本发明实施例1中不同工程菌株下反应48h的10-HDA产量图;由左往右依次是酿酒酵母工程菌BY4741/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3菌株的反式-2-癸烯酸和10-HDA的含量;酿酒酵母工程菌BY4741/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-sil1p菌株的反式-2-癸烯酸和10-HDA的含量;酿酒酵母工程菌BY4741/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-crp5p菌株的反式-2-癸烯酸和10-HDA的含量。
图7为本发明实施例1中酿酒酵母工程菌BY4741/pESC-URA-CYP153A33-CPRBM3-sil1p以及酿酒酵母工程菌BY4741/pESC-URA-CYP539A7-F0CPR-sil1p不同时间产量折线图。
图8为本发明实施例2中王浆酸调控3D表皮模型中神经酰胺和脂肪酸表达情况图。
图9为本发明实施例3中王浆酸对成纤维细胞的DNA损伤产物8-羟基脱氧鸟苷及γ-H2AX检测结果图。
图10为本发明实施例3中王浆酸对成纤维细胞的DNA损伤产物γ-H2AX的免疫荧光染色结果图。
图11为本发明实施例4中王浆酸对成纤维细胞中线粒体功能相关指标检测结果图;其中,线粒体功能相关指标分别为(a)中的ROS相对总光密度(IOD)平均值;(b)中的线粒体ATP含量;(c)中的细胞早期凋亡率;(d)中的NADPH含量。
图12为本发明实施例4中王浆酸对成纤维细胞中活性氧的染色结果图。
图13为本发明实施例5中王浆酸对成纤维细胞的端粒长度影响图。
图14为本发明实施例6中受试者使用护肤乳液第14、28天的红区变化图。
图15为本发明实施例6中受试者使用护肤乳液第14、28天的皱纹变化图。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
现结合具体实例对本发明作进一步的说明,以下实例仅是为了解释本发明,并不对其内容进行限定。如果实施例中未注明的实验具体条件,通常按照常规条件,或按照试剂公司所推荐的条件;下述实施例中所用的试剂、耗材等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
本发明的一个典型具体实施方式中,提供一种基于生物合成法制备王浆酸的方法,所述方法包括:
将至少含有CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的酵母工程菌,利用含有反式-2-癸烯酸的培养基发酵生产王浆酸(10-羟基-2-癸烯酸,10-HDA)。
其中,所述CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。该融合基因通过密码子优化,从而使其更易在酿酒酵母中进行表达,通过试验证明,表达上述CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的酵母工程菌能够与底物反式-2-癸烯酸进行反应获得所述王浆酸,其产量可达到190 mg/L。
进一步的,所述酵母工程菌还可以含有辅助基因sil1p和/或辅助基因crp5p。
其中,所述辅助基因sil1p的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示,辅助基因crp5p的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示。通过导入辅助基因sil1p和crp5p,能够进一步提高酵母工程菌生产王浆酸的能力。
本发明中,上述酵母工程菌的原始出发菌株为酿酒酵母,进一步的,所述原始出发菌株可以为酿酒酵母BY4741。其中,所述酿酒酵母BY4741是甲硫氨酸、亮氨酸、组氨酸和尿嘧啶的营养缺陷型菌株,是实验室的常用菌株,广泛应用于诸如钠、钾离子平衡,细胞抗盐,各种金属离子的吸收,重金属毒性,各种糖类、碳源对真核生物细胞生长的影响,过氧化物、超氧化物的吸收与运输的研究中,其可通过市售方式获得。
具体的,所述酵母工程菌通过以下方式构建获得:将含有CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因的重组表达载体导入原始出发菌株即得。
其中,所述重组表达载体通过上述CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因有效地连接到表达载体上获得,所述表达载体为病毒载体、质粒、噬菌体、黏粒或人工染色体中的任意一种或多种;本发明的又一具体实施方式中,所述表达载体为质粒,更具体的,所述表达载体可以为pESC-URA质粒。
进一步的,所述重组表达载体还可以连接辅助基因sil1p和/或辅助基因crp5p。
进一步的,所述基于生物合成法制备王浆酸的方法具体包括:
S1、将所述酵母工程菌接入pH5.0-6.0尿嘧啶缺陷型种子培养基中,在25-35℃振荡过夜培养,种子液以初始OD600为0.3-0.5,接入尿嘧啶缺陷型发酵培养基,在25-35℃振荡诱导培养到OD600为1.0-1.2的菌液后收集菌体;
S2、将步骤S1收集的菌体经步骤S1中尿嘧啶缺陷型发酵培养基重悬,然后向培养基中加入反式-2-癸烯酸,经发酵培养后制得王浆酸。
其中,所述步骤S1中,尿嘧啶缺陷型种子培养基组成为基础培养基YNB、质量浓度为1.5%-2.5%葡萄糖、尿嘧啶缺陷型氨基酸混合物1.0-1.5 g/L;
所述尿嘧啶缺陷型发酵培养基成分组成为基础培养基YNB、质量浓度为3.5%-4.5%半乳糖、2mM 5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-ALA)和尿嘧啶缺陷型氨基酸混合物1.0-1.5 g/L。
所述步骤S2中,收集菌体的方式为将菌液在3500-4000rpm条件下离心10-15min,收集沉淀;
发酵培养条件为在25~35℃条件下培养24-72小时,如24、36、48、60和72小时。通过研究发现,本发明的酵母工程菌在与0.5g/L反式-2-癸烯酸反应36小时即可达到最大转化率和产物转化量,从而更有利于实际工业化生产。
加入反式-2-癸烯酸在培养基中的浓度为0.1-2.0g/L,进一步为0.5-1.0 g/L。
进一步的,所述方法还可以包括对王浆酸进行分离、纯化及干燥中的任意一个或多个步骤。因此,所述王浆酸可以是液体制剂或者固体(如颗粒)制剂,在此不做具体限定。
本发明的又一具体实施方式中,提供上述方法和/或上述方法制得的王浆酸在如下任意一种或多种中的应用:
(a)增加表皮层中神经酰胺和脂肪酸的含量,修复皮肤屏障或制备增加表皮层中神经酰胺和脂肪酸的含量,修复皮肤屏障的产品;
(b)修复真皮层成纤维细胞DNA损伤或制备修复真皮层成纤维细胞DNA损伤的产品;
(c)改善线粒体功能,提高细胞功能,促进新陈代谢或制备改善线粒体功能,提高细胞功能,促进新陈代谢的产品;
(d)延缓细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,保护染色体末端结构完整或制备延缓细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,保护染色体末端结构完整的产品。
所述产品可以为药品或化妆品。进一步的,所述化妆品为护肤品,从而有效修护皮肤并且抗衰老。
当然,所述化妆品还可以包含任意化妆品领域允许添加的其他原料成分,包括但不限于乳化剂、润肤剂、保湿剂和增稠剂等。本领域技术人员可根据实际情况进行选择添加,相对应的,所述化妆品具体剂型可以为膏霜类、乳液类、水剂类、凝胶类、粉剂类、气雾剂类、贴、膜类等,在此不做具体限定。
以下通过实施例对本发明做进一步解释说明,但不构成对本发明的限制。应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中为注明具体条件的试验方法,通常按照常规条件进行。实施例中所用试剂及药品均为普通市售产品。
实施例1 酵母工程菌制备王浆酸
根据酿酒酵母密码子偏好性对将CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3融合基因进行密码子优化,优化后的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示,酿酒酵母中的辅助蛋白基因sil1P和cpr5P的核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO.2和SEQ ID NO.3所示,扩增产物结果如图1所示,出现目的条带且条带单一。全基因合成后克隆到酿酒酵母表达载体pESC-URA的BamHⅠ和NotⅠ酶切位点之间,得到重组表达载体pESC-URA-CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3(图2)。再分别与酿酒酵母中的辅助蛋白基因sil1P(SEQ ID NO.2)和cpr5P(SEQ ID NO.3)共表达。辅助蛋白基因克隆到酿酒酵母表达载体pESC-URA的ClaⅠ和EcoRⅠ酶切位点之间,分别得到重组表达载体pESC-URA-CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3-sil1P(图3)和pESC-URA-CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3-cpr5P(图4)。将重组表达载体转化至大肠杆菌DH5α中进行培养,进行菌落PCR鉴定,鉴定结果如图5所示,出现目的条带且条带单一,显示菌落为阳性克隆。经DNA测序比对,重组序列正确。重组表达质粒分别化学转化入酿酒酵母BY4741中,重组转化子经尿嘧啶缺陷型培养基筛选获得高拷贝重组酿酒酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741-pESC-URA-CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3、S.cerevisiae BY4741-pESC-URA-CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3-sil1P、S.cerevisiaeBY4741-pESC-URA-CYP153A33/M228L-CPRBM3-cpr5P。
上述工程菌生产10-羟基-2癸烯酸方法如下:将酵母工程菌单菌落接种至接入尿嘧啶缺陷型种子培养基(基础培养基YNB 6.7 g/L、尿嘧啶缺陷型氨基酸混合物1.29 g/L、质量浓度为2%的葡萄糖)中,30℃、200rpm振荡过夜培养,种子液以初始OD600为0.4接入pH5.5的尿嘧啶缺陷型发酵培养基(基础培养基YNB 6.7 g/L、尿嘧啶缺陷型氨基酸混合物1.29 g/L、质量浓度为4%的半乳糖、2mM 5-ALA)中,在30℃振荡诱导培养使菌液OD600到1.0后收集菌体;将收集的菌体用上述组分相同的尿嘧啶缺陷型发酵培养基重悬,并加入终浓度为0.5g/L反式-2-癸烯酸,30℃培养36小时后用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥,经检测后制得10-羟基-2-癸烯酸。三种酿酒酵母工程菌株生产10-羟基-2-癸烯酸产量及转化率如图6所示,重组表达CYP153A33-CPRBM3与底物反式-2-癸烯酸反应后可以获得10-HDA,产量可以达到190mg/L,构建CYP153A33-CPRBM3融合基因分别与酿酒酵母中辅助蛋白基因sil1p和crp5p共转化表达,能够有效提高酵母工程菌中10-HDA的产量。辅助蛋白基因sil1p连接蛋白10-HDA产量可以达到280mg/L,辅助蛋白基因crp5p连接融合酶基因后10-HDA产量可以达到246mg/L。同时,如图7所示,CYP153A33-CPRBM3与酿酒酵母中辅助蛋白基因sil1p共表达质粒工程菌,0.5g/L癸烯酸反应36小时即可达到最大转化率和产物转化量,优于CN202211449654.3中所涉及的酵母工程菌BY4741/pESC-URA-CYP539A7*-F0CPR*-sil1p。
实施例2 王浆酸对3D表皮模型中神经酰胺、脂肪酸的调控影响
将模型转移到提前添加3.7mL/孔模型培养液的6孔板中,置于CO2培养箱(37℃、5%CO2)中孵育24h,其中PC组含有终浓度为50μM的匹立尼酸WY14643,样品组中王浆酸的终浓度为0.0625mg/ml。孵育完成后将每个模型切成两半,一半用作蛋白的测定,另一半提取脂质放入6孔板内(模型保存于-80℃),向6孔板内每个孔中加入1mL胰酶,于培养箱中孵育30min,向6孔板盖上加一些水,用镊子将模型和尼龙膜分开,并用镊子将角质层上粘稠物剥离下来,用纸吸干角质层上水分,然后将角质层放入玻璃管中。向每个玻璃管中加入1mL氯仿甲醇混合液(氯仿:甲醇=1:1),冰浴超声30min,取上清至进样瓶并吹干,向吹干的样品瓶中加160μL乙腈异丙醇混合液(乙腈:异丙醇=1:1),再加入20μL的神经酰胺C12内标溶液(神经酰胺内标溶液浓度 100μg/mL,内标溶剂为比例 1:1 的乙腈、异丙醇溶液),超声10min,震摇溶解30min,转移到样品离心管中,12000rpm 离心10min,取上层100μL于250μL内衬管,使用 ThermoFisher Orbitrap QExactiveTM四级杆轨道离子阱高分辨质谱联用仪进行 LC-MS 检测。
脂质检测的质谱条件为:质谱分析采用装备了热电喷雾离子源的四极杆轨道离子阱质谱仪。正离子负离子离子源电压分别为3.7kv和3.5kv,毛细管加热温度 320°C,翘气压力30psi,辅助气压力10psi。容积加热蒸发温度300°C。鞘气和辅助气均为氮气,碰撞气为氮气,压力为1.5mTorr。一级全扫描参数为:分辨率70000,自动增益控制目标为1×106,最大隔离时间50ms,质荷比扫描范围50–1500;液质系统由Xcalibur 2.2 SP1.48软件控制,数据采集也由该软件控制。
LC-MS检测参数如下表1所示。
表1 LC-MS具体检测参数
LC-MS的洗脱程序如下表2所示。
表2 LC-MS的洗脱程序
皮肤发挥屏障保护作用的结构基础是角质层的“砖-灰”结构。“砖”结构主要由角质细胞的跨膜蛋白及膜内蛋白在转谷氨酰胺酶作用下互相交联形成蛋白膜套构成,“灰”则由细胞外脂质通过酯化作用交联而成的脂质胞封构成,二者通过酯化反应进一步交联,形成高度密封的砖墙结构,共同抵御外环境,发挥渗透屏障作用。神经酰胺和脂肪酸是构成脂质胞封的主要脂质。通过LC-MS实验检测发现,结果如图8所示,王浆酸处理皮肤的3D表皮模型后能显著促进神经酰胺和脂肪酸的表达,提升率分别为47.64%和39.0%,能够有效的恢复皮脂屏障。
实施例3 王浆酸对成纤维细胞的损伤修复影响
将成纤维细胞按2.2×105个/孔的接种密度接种至6孔板,培养箱(37℃、5%CO2)中孵育过夜,当细胞铺板率达到40-60%时,按照不同分组每孔加入2mL 含有相应浓度受试物的培养液,其中BC为空白对照组,不做任何药物干预,只进行2ml正常培养基培养;NC组为阴性对照组,不做任何药物干预,只进行2ml正常培养基培养;PC组为阳性对照组,含有终浓度为7μg/ml 的VE;样品组含有终浓度为0.25mg/ml的王浆酸。给药孵育24h后,根据测试分组,对NC、PC和样品组进行UVA辐照,辐照剂量为30J/cm2。辐照结束后,置于培养箱(37℃、5%CO2)中继续培养24h。孵育结束后,收集细胞培养上清液,根据8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHDG)试剂盒的操作说明书进行检测,同时将培养板中的细胞用4%的多聚甲醛对细胞进行固定24h,然后使用DNA损伤检测试剂盒(γ-H2AX免疫荧光法)进行免疫荧光检测,荧光显微镜拍照并使用Image-Pro®Plus 图像处理软件进行分析。如图9所示,通过实验检测发现,紫外照射会攻击DNA分子中鸟嘌呤碱基第8位碳原子,导致损伤产物8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHDG)的含量升高,还会使H2AX Ser139发生磷酸化,同样生成损伤产物γ-H2AX,而使用王浆酸干预处理后都抑制了两种DNA损伤产物的表达,对8-OHDG和γ-H2AX的抑制率分别为45.09%和47.25%,图10的免疫荧光染色结果进一步验证了上述结论,即使用王浆酸干预处理后能够有效抑制成纤维细胞的DNA损伤产物γ-H2AX的表达。
实施例4 王浆酸对成纤维细胞的线粒体功能影响
将成纤维细胞按2.2×105个/孔的接种密度接种至6孔板,培养箱(37℃、5%CO2)中孵育过夜,当细胞铺板率达到40-60%时,按照不同分组每孔加入2mL 含有相应浓度受试物的培养液,其中BC为空白对照组,不做任何药物干预,只进行2ml正常培养基培养;NC组为阴性对照组,不做任何药物干预,只进行2ml正常培养基培养;PC组为阳性对照组,含有终浓度为7μg/ml 的VE;样品组含有终浓度为0.25mg/ml的王浆酸。给药孵育24h后,根据测试分组,对NC、PC和样品组进行UVA辐照,辐照剂量为30J/cm2。辐照结束后,置于培养箱(37℃、5%CO2)中继续培养24h。孵育结束后,分别按照线粒体活性氧检测试剂盒、线粒体ATP检测试剂盒;碧云天)、线粒体NADP+/NADPH检测试剂盒(WST-8法)、JC-1线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒说明书操作检测线粒体功能。如图11所示,通过实验检测发现,紫外照射使成纤维细胞中的ROS含量和细胞的凋亡率显著上升,线粒体中的ATP及NADPH含量显著降低,使用0.25mg/ml的王浆酸干预后,可以抑制紫外照射产生ROS和细胞凋亡的发生,抑制率分别为70.71%和12.74%,同时还能上调ATP和NADPH的表达,上调率分别为56.23%和15.13%;且进一步的,如图12所示,使用0.25mg/ml的王浆酸干预后,从而能够有效抑制成纤维细胞线粒体活性氧的产生,从而提高机体抗氧化能力。
实施例5 王浆酸对成纤维细胞的端粒长度影响
将成纤维细胞按2.2×105个/孔的接种密度接种至6孔板,培养箱(37℃、5%CO2)中孵育过夜,当细胞铺板率达到40-60%时,按照不同分组每孔加入2mL 含有相应浓度受试物的培养液,其中BC组为空白对照,细胞来源为7-8岁儿童背部皮肤,培养过程中不做任何药物干预;NC组为阴性对照,细胞来源为48岁成人背部皮肤,细胞铺板率达到40-60%时,连续3天使用H2O2刺激,每次刺激2h,然后连续传代5次后收样检测;PC组为阳性对照,细胞来源为48岁成人背部皮肤,细胞铺板率达到40-60%时,连续3天使用H2O2刺激,每次刺激2h,期间用含有终浓度为1mg/ml环黄芪醇的培养基培养,连续传代5次后收样检测;样品组细胞来源为48岁成人背部皮肤,细胞铺板率达到40-60%时,连续3天使用H2O2刺激,每次刺激2h,期间用含有终浓度为0.25mg/ml王浆酸的培养基培养,连续传代5次后收样检测;依次使用TAKARA的RNA提取试剂盒、RNA反转试剂盒以及TB Green 荧光定量试剂盒进行实验,检测端粒长度,其中所用到的引物序列及单拷贝基因序列如下表3所示。
表3 扩增端粒及单拷贝基因36B4的引物序列信息及产物长度
结果如图13所示,通过实验检测发现,NC组中衰老细胞的端粒长度明显降低,仅为BC年轻组端粒长度的72%,使用环黄芪醇后,能显著延长端粒长度,相较于NC组上调了43.1%,在使用王浆酸干预后,端粒长度同样出现了显著的上调,较NC组上调了34.6%,说明王浆酸能延缓衰老过程的细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,加强了对染色体末端的结构性保护,能有效防止细胞失去分裂活性走向衰老,进而防止皮肤衰老现象的产生。
实施例6 王浆酸在功效型护肤品中的应用
表4 护肤乳液的原料配方
将王浆酸按照表4示例及含量添加到护肤基质乳液中,室温搅拌混匀5分钟,即可获得护肤乳液。上述护肤乳液优选针对具有修护、抗衰功效的化妆品,以35岁以上屏障受损的敏感肌人群为对象,让测试者连续使用含该护肤乳液14和28天,利用VISIA拍摄受试者面部照片,通过使用前后红区变化来评估含有王浆酸的护肤乳液对皮肤屏障的有益影响,通过使用前后皱纹数量变化来评估含有王浆酸的护肤乳液对皮肤衰老的有益影响。结果显示使用含有王浆酸的护肤乳液28天后,红区明显改善(图14),皱纹数量及深度均减少(图15),表明王浆酸具有很好的修护、抗衰功效。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.王浆酸在如下任意一种或多种中的应用,其特征在于,
(a)促进皮肤的3D表皮模型中神经酰胺和脂肪酸的表达;
(b)减少成纤维细胞中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷、γ-H2AX蛋白含量,抑制DNA损伤,防止损伤累积导致功能异常;
(c)降低成纤维细胞中线粒体活性氧含量、细胞的早期凋亡率,提高线粒体三磷酸腺苷、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸含量,保护线粒体免受过氧化损伤,维持细胞内的能量供应及物质代谢;延长端粒长度,有效延缓衰老过程的成纤维细胞分裂复制导致的端粒缩短,加强对染色体末端的结构性保护,防止染色体末端发生降解或融合,成纤维细胞失去分裂活性走向衰老,进而防止皮肤衰老;
所述应用不涉及疾病的诊断和治疗。
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