CN1164912C - 具有温度测量特征的过程流量板 - Google Patents

具有温度测量特征的过程流量板 Download PDF

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CN1164912C
CN1164912C CNB008125988A CN00812598A CN1164912C CN 1164912 C CN1164912 C CN 1164912C CN B008125988 A CNB008125988 A CN B008125988A CN 00812598 A CN00812598 A CN 00812598A CN 1164912 C CN1164912 C CN 1164912C
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flow
fluid
current plate
barrier device
pressure
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CN1373848A (zh
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劳威尔·克莱文
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Rosemount Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/42Orifices or nozzles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L23/00Flanged joints
    • F16L23/006Attachments
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/363Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction with electrical or electro-mechanical indication
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/02Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Details Of Flowmeters (AREA)

Abstract

差动流量片(102)可以插在流体通道(106)内,包括沿着流体通道(106)的外周缘延伸的流体阻隔器(110),形成受限流体开口,以及温度传感器通道(120),设置在流体阻隔器(110)附近。

Description

具有温度测量特征的过程流量板
技术领域
本发明涉及流体过程测量和控制工业。过程测量和控制工业利用过程参数发射器来远距离监测有关流体的参数,诸如浆液、液体、蒸汽、气体、化学制品、纸浆、石油、药物、食物和其他食物处理作物。过程参数包括压力、温度、流量、水平面、浊度、密度、浓度、化学成分和其他性能。
背景技术
图1描述了用于测量诸如压力和流量的过程参数的过程流量装置50。装置50包括夹在管凸缘54、56之间的流量片52和遥测温度传感器60。液流的质量流速是如下参数的函数:
Q = KaY F a 2 g c ( ΔP ) ( ρ )
其中:
Q-质量流速;
ρ-流体的密度;
Δp-流量限制产生的压力差;
a-流孔的截面面积;
Y-气体膨胀因子;
Fa-流孔的热膨胀面积因子;
gc-单位转换因子;以及
K-流量系数。
流体的密度ρ是流体温度和压力的函数。对于可压缩流体,诸如气体,压力对于流体的密度(ρ)具有较大影响。温度变化影响质量流速的计算,因为质量流速是密度ρ以及流量限制的形状和尺寸的函数。由于热膨胀,使流量限制的形状和尺寸随着温度的变化而变化。具体地,流体密度至少是温度的函数,金属孔板随着温度变化膨胀和收缩。
在现有流量板应用中,从流量板52远距离测量温度。远距离温度测量用于估计流体限制附近的温度。远距离温度测量要求分离的管连接,这样将产生附加的保持和安装的复杂性。这种附加的复杂度由于增加了安装和测试时间而增加了现场安装时间。此外,由于管内通常产生较大静压,所以每个密封面成为潜在的泄露位置。这样的泄露也称为易散性排放,这是不希望发生的。
发明内容
温度传感通道设置在流量板附近以便减少现场安装时间、成本、和复杂度,同时可以提高装置的精度和寿命。本发明的实施例涉及流量板和设置在传感通道内流量板附近的温度传感器。
附图说明
图1是现有的具有远距离温度传感器的流量装置的透视图;
图2是本发明的流量板装置的一个实施例的环境视图;
图3是带有一体的温度传感器的流量板装置的简要视图;
图4是带有一体的温度传感器的流量板的一个实施例的透视图;
图5是安装在流体管道内的图4所示的流量板的截面图;
图6是图5所示的部分7的详细视图;
图7是带有一体的温度传感器的流量板的一个实施例的透视图;
图8是沿着图7中的线8-8的截面图;
图9是安装在流体管道内的图7所示的流量板的截面图;
图10是图9所示的部分11的详细视图;
图11是带有一体的温度传感器的流量板的透视图;
图12是安装在流体管道内的图11所示的流量板的截面图;
图13是图12所示的部分13的详细视图;
图14是一体温度传感的质量流量测量的流程图。
具体实施方式
图2-3描述了包括带有一体温度传感器的流量板102的流量装置100的环境。如图所示,流量板102可以插在流体通道106中的管凸缘54、56之间,如图2所示。在所示实施例中,螺栓108连接凸缘54、56以便把流量板102安装在流体通道106和管内。可以使用替代连接方式把流量板102安装在流体通道106,本申请并不限于所示的具体连接。
流量板102包括沿着流体通道或管106的周边延伸的流量阻隔器110,包围限流开口112,如图3、5和9所示。在图3、5和9中,流量板102是具有受限流孔的孔板。替代流量阻隔器110可以是带有受限喷嘴口的喷嘴板(未示出),而且流量阻隔器110不限于孔板。各种孔板和喷嘴板的详细描述在如下文章中有描述,即Liptak,Beto,Instrument Engineer’sHandbook:Process Measurement and Analysis,3rd Ed.,Chilton BookCompany(1995)和Miller,Richard,Flow measurement EngineeringHandbook,3rd Ed.,mCgRAW-Hill,inc(1996)。
流量板102可以包括通过流量板102延伸到流量阻隔器110附加的温度传感器通道120。然而,如果温度传感通道120不包括在流量板102内,应该设置通道120以便与流量板102进行热交换。温度传感器通道120从流量板102的外缘122延伸到受限流孔112附近,如图4和7所示。传感器通道120延伸足够的距离以便测量受限流体的温度。
在所示的实施例中,温度传感器通道120的延伸端124被封闭以便防止传感元件(例如电阻温度器件)暴露在液体内。外缘122上通向传感器通道120的口126用隔板128密闭。在一个实施例中,隔板128是Swagelok配合,以便封闭传感器通道120内的温度传感器。然而,隔板128可以是任何适当的一直的隔板。为了应用,温度传感器通道120被封闭以便满足防止暴露和固有安全度要求。
孔板和其他流体阻隔器102具有尺寸标准要求,如同国际标准ISO5167-1中所公布的。孔板和流量阻隔器102的厚度t(图7和11中)是管尺寸或直径的函数。图4-6描述了用于大直径管的流量板102的一个实施例,图7-10描述了一个适合用于小直径管的流量板102。在图4-6所示的实施例中,流量板是平的,带有用于夹在管凸缘54、56之间的基部130和安装在流体通道106内的流体阻隔器110。流量板的厚度t足够通过基部130和流体阻隔器形成传感器通道120,以便把温度传感器定位在受限开口112和流体阻隔器110附近。
在图7-10所示的实施例中,流量板形成阶梯以便包括较厚的基部130,对于小管直径或尺寸容纳传感器通道120。如图7-10所示,传感器通道120通过基部130延伸,而且一部分传感器通道120形成在流体阻隔器110的后侧(低压侧),以便把温度传感器安装在流量限制部分附近,如图9-10所示。传感器通道120可以通过已知的制造和注塑技术形成为通过流体阻隔器110后部的凸起132。
在图3中简要地描述了温度传感器134,把它插在传感器通道内以便测量温度。温度传感器134可以是商业上购买的尺寸在大约1/8英寸-1/4英寸的电阻温度器件,例如可以从Omega Engineering of Stamford,CT或者Fisher-Rosemount inc.Of Eden Prairie,MN买到。或者,温度传感器134可以是尺寸在大约1/16英寸-3/8英寸范围内的热电偶,例如可以从OmegaEngineering of Stamford,CT买到。
流量板102在流体限制部分112产生压力差。如图2和3所示的压力传感器模块136测量限制部分112附近的压力差。压力差通过图3、5和9中简要描述的位于流量板102两侧的压力孔140、142传导到传感器模块136。传感器模块136的输出加载到计算机或其他装置146中以便处理计算。例如,传感器模块136的输出耦合到发射器148上,诸如可以从Fisher-Rosemount inc.of Eden Prairie,MN购买的Rosemount Model发射器3095MV,以便发射到远距离计算机146或分布式控制系统。如图2和3所示,传感器连线150把温度传感器134电连接到处理器或发射器148以便处理计算。
过程参数发射器148向控制室或计算机146提供关于过程控制环路的传感过程参数的输出,以便能够监测或控制过程。过程控制环路可以二线、4-20mA过程控制环路。控制环路也可以具有数字信号,叠加在根据过程工业标准协议诸如HART(“Highway Addressable Remote Transducer”)数字协议的二线环路上,如同下列文章中描述的一样:HARTFieldCommunication Protocol,“A Technical Overview”,可以从HARTCommunication Foundation,Austin,TX 78759-6540得到。本地处理控制装置通过例如现场总线接口或者网络系统连接以便过程控制,如同“Fieldbus Technical Overview”描述的一样,可以从Fisher-RosemountSystems inc.Eden Prairie,MN购买。在一些实施例中,发射器148能够满足固有安全度要求。
压力孔140、142可以与流量板一体形成,如图11-13所示。如图11-13所示,流量板152包括用于安装流体阻隔器156导管154,形成受限流孔158。流体导管154包括压力孔160、162。流体导管154是无缝的,位于流体阻隔器156和压力孔160、162之间,通过压力孔160、162和流体阻隔器156之间的缝隙限制压力损失或降低。压力孔160、162和流体阻隔器156之间的无缝接合面减小了与流速或流量限制不相关的不可归因的压力损失,这些压力损失可能降低测量精度和提高易散性排放的可能性,对此在名称为“PROCESS FLOW DEVICE WITH IMPROVEDPRESSURE MEASUREMENT FEATURE”的待审申请中进行了描述。流量板152插在并安装在管缘54、56之间,包括从流量板152外缘延伸到流体阻隔器156的温度传感器通道164,如同在图12-13中的部分剖视图所示。传感器通道164延伸足够的距离以便测量限制部分158附近的流体温度。
在如图15所示的操作中,通过流量板102的受限流孔112限制流量以便产生压力差,如同方块170中所示。图3中简要描述的位于流体阻隔器110两侧的压力差孔140、142耦合到传感器模块136以便传输压力差测量的压力,如同方块172中所示。在流体阻隔器测量温度,如同方块174所示,根据测量的压力差、静压和流体阻隔器处的温度计算质量流速,如同方块176所示。压力差是响应液体流量在孔112处产生的压力,而即使当液体不流动时在管内也存在静压。
虽然参考最佳实施例描述了本发明,但是本领域的技术人员应该认识到可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下作出形式和细节上的变化。例如,可以利用适当的温度校正因子把本发明的实施例中侧得的温度与诸如ISO 5167-1标准推荐的位置相关联。

Claims (6)

1、一种具有高温度传感特征的流量装置,包括:
流量板,包括沿着流体通道的外缘延伸的流量阻隔器,形成至少一个限流开口;
位于流体阻隔器两侧的第一和第二压力孔;
耦合到第一和第二压力孔的压力传感器;
耦合到压力传感器的发射器;以及
其特征在于:温度传感器设置在位于流体阻隔器内部且与流体阻隔器形成一体的通道内,并耦合到发射器。
2、如权利要求1所述的流量装置,其中温度传感器电连接到发射器。
3、如权利要求1所述的流量装置,其中温度传感器电连接到计算机。
4、如权利要求1所述的流量装置,其中发射器电连接到分布式控制系统。
5、如权利要求1所述的流量装置,其中发射器电连接到计算机。
6、如权利要求1所述的流量装置,包括安置所述流体阻隔器和所述第一及第二压力孔的流体导管,流体导管是无缝的,位于所述流体阻隔器和所述第一及第二压力孔之间。
CNB008125988A 1999-09-13 2000-09-12 具有温度测量特征的过程流量板 Expired - Lifetime CN1164912C (zh)

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US09/395,688 US6543297B1 (en) 1999-09-13 1999-09-13 Process flow plate with temperature measurement feature
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EP1212594B1 (en) 2005-11-23
JP3654864B2 (ja) 2005-06-02
DE60024283D1 (de) 2005-12-29
WO2001020282A1 (en) 2001-03-22
AU7369200A (en) 2001-04-17
EP1212594A1 (en) 2002-06-12
JP2003509684A (ja) 2003-03-11
US6543297B1 (en) 2003-04-08
DE60024283T2 (de) 2006-08-03
CN1373848A (zh) 2002-10-09

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