CN116478562A - 一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Chemical class O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QQFLQYOOQVLGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O QQFLQYOOQVLGTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000401 monomagnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019785 monomagnesium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 chromic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001224 Grain-oriented electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BCFSVSISUGYRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(dioxo)chromium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O BCFSVSISUGYRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIOZLVMCHDGNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxido-(oxido(dioxo)chromio)oxy-dioxochromium Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O GIOZLVMCHDGNNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其含有:磷酸盐、胶态二氧化硅、铬酸化合物;其中磷酸盐包括磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝,并且其中Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比为0.02‑0.15。本发明还公开了一种取向硅钢板,其包括基板以及表面涂层,其中表面涂层由采用本发明所述的涂料涂覆在基板上而形成。相应地,本发明还公开了上述取向硅钢板的制造方法,其包括步骤:在基板表面涂覆涂料,然后进行烧结处理,其中烧结处理中的板温为800‑880℃。本发明所述的涂料可以有效用于取向硅钢板中,且可以在其表面形成涂层,该表面涂层能够赋予取向硅钢板更高的张力和更优异的耐热性能,具有良好的推广前景和应用效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种涂料、钢板及其制造方法,尤其涉及一种取向硅钢的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法。
背景技术
众所周知,取向硅钢板是指钢中含硅且晶粒易磁化轴(100)<001>与轧制方向基本一致的电磁钢板。取向硅钢板主要用于制造变压器铁芯,其轧制方向磁性能非常优异,是重要的软磁性材料。当采用取向硅钢板作为变压器铁芯制造材料时,可以有效降低变压器的能量损耗和噪音水平。
当前,通过表面涂层赋予取向硅钢高张力是提高取向硅钢性能的重要技术手段。在现有技术中,取向硅钢板的表面涂层一般由镁橄榄石(Mg2SiO4)为主的陶瓷膜和其上的绝缘涂层构成,其绝缘涂层可以起到绝缘、防锈和改善加工性能的作用。
在通常情况下,取向硅钢的表面涂层在高温下形成,由于具有相对于钢板较低的热膨胀率,当降到室温时,钢板与涂层热膨胀率的差异会对钢板赋予张力。对钢板赋予的张力可以降低取向硅钢的损耗(通过180℃磁畴宽度变窄降低异常涡流损耗)和磁致伸缩,从而有效降低变压器能量损耗和噪音水平。
近年来,为了进一步改善取向硅钢的性能,大量的科技工作者做了很多有益的尝试,设计了许多新的表面涂层。
公开号为JP特开昭48-39338,公开日为1973年6月9日,名称为“方向性硅素钢板的绝缘被膜制造方法”的日本专利文献公开了一种含磷酸二氢铝、胶体二氧化硅和铬酸酐的涂料。将上述涂料涂覆在取向硅钢表面,经热处理在钢板表面形成MgO-P2O5-SiO2和Al2O3-P2O5-SiO2磷酸盐系玻璃涂层。
公开号为CN107923046A,公开日为2018年4月17日,名称为“绝缘被膜处理液和带有绝缘被膜的金属的制造方法”的中国专利文献公开了一种含有选自Mg、Ca、Ba、Sr、Zn、Al和Mn中的至少1种的磷酸盐以及平均粒径不同的2种以上的胶体二氧化硅的绝缘涂液,其通过不同粒径胶体二氧化硅优化提高绝缘涂层张力。上述技术方案通过使用混合不同粒径硅溶胶可以在一定程度上改善涂层的致密性,但张力的提升空间非常有限。
公开号为CN104024474A,公开日为2014年9月3日,名称为“具有涂层的取向性电磁钢板及其制造方法”的中国专利文献公开了一种取向硅钢板,通过制成含有P、Si、Cr和O的元素以及选自Mg、Al、Ni、Co、Mn、Zn、Fe、Ca和Ba中的至少1种元素、且5质量%以上为磷酸盐的晶相的涂层,从而产生较高的拉伸应力,降低铁损。上述技术方案通过提高涂层的弹性模量的方法来提高绝缘涂层赋予钢板的张力,但是需要通过增加铬酐添加量和提高涂层烧成温度来实现。磷酸盐涂层中铬酐添加量范围很窄,铬酐增加到一定程度涂层会出现裂纹和浊化现象;涂层烧结温度高于900℃左右,胶体二氧化硅会产生晶化现象。涂层中形成结晶性虽可以提高张力,但涂层的耐腐蚀性和透明性会下降。
由此可见,在现有技术中,采用磷酸系玻璃涂层赋予取向硅钢板的性能仍然不佳,其仍然存在张力不充分且耐热性低的问题。当使用取向硅钢板制备的变压器铁芯在消除加工应力退火时,取向硅钢表面张力涂层性能会发生劣化导致张力降低,不能有效起到降低变压器能量损耗和噪音水平的作用。
基于此,发明人通过大量的研究,创造性地设计了一种新的涂料,该涂料可以用于取向硅钢表面,并形成一种具有更高张力和耐热性的涂层,其能够有效降低变压器能量损耗和噪音水平。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,该涂料可以有效用于取向硅钢板中,且可以在其表面形成涂层。该表面涂层能够赋予取向硅钢板更高的张力和更优异的耐热性能,具有良好的推广前景和应用效果。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提出了一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其含有:磷酸盐、胶态二氧化硅、铬酸化合物;其中磷酸盐包括磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝,并且其中Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比为0.02-0.15。
进一步地,在本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料中,其有效成分由下列成分组成:磷酸盐、胶态二氧化硅以及铬酸化合物;其中磷酸盐包括磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝,并且其中Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比为0.02-0.15。
在本发明所述的技术方案中,涂料可以以水为溶剂,并含有可溶性磷酸盐、胶态二氧化硅和铬酸化合物。其中,磷酸盐经过烧结热处理时可以在钢板表面形成具有网络状结构。胶态二氧化硅与上述磷酸盐经过烧结热处理可以形成具有低热膨胀系数的涂层。
需要注意的是,在本发明中,磷酸盐包括磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝,其含有一定游离的磷酸根,且容易吸收水溶解而破坏涂层的完整性。因此,在本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料中,还需要添加铬酸化合物,从而可以形成稳定的CrPO4起到固定磷酸根,提高涂层耐水性的作用。
在本发明中,发明人经深入研究发现,通过调整磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝的比例可以显著提高涂料涂敷于取向硅钢表面所形成的涂层的张力,并降低涂层经消除应力退火后涂层张力的劣化程度。由此,为了确保涂层的质量,本发明可以将磷酸盐中的Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比控制在0.02-0.15之间。
需要说明的是,若Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比低于0.02,则对于涂层张力提高效果不明显;而若Al和Mg的摩尔比高于0.15,则对于涂层张力提高效果不明显且消除应力退火后涂层张力会劣化。因此,在本发明所述的涂料中,将Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比控制在0.02~0.15之间。
进一步地,在本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料中,所述胶态二氧化硅与磷酸盐的质量比为0.8-1.2。
在上述技术方案中,将胶态二氧化硅与磷酸盐的质量比控制在0.8-1.2之间,可以更好地发挥出硅钢取向涂层的张力效果。
进一步地,在本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料中,所述铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比为0.1-0.5。
在本发明所述的技术方案中,添加铬酸化合物可以起到固定磷酸根,提高涂层耐水性的作用。但需要注意的是,当铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比低于0.1时,会导致涂层的耐湿性变差;而当铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比高于0.5时,则会导致涂层产生浊化和裂纹,且涂层张力和耐蚀性能下降。
因此,在本发明所述中,还可以进一步控制铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比,并将质量比控制在0.1-0.5之间。
进一步地,在本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料中,所述铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比为0.2-0.4。
相应地,本发明的另一目的在于提供一种取向硅钢板,该取向硅钢板涂覆了上述用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,从而使得该取向硅钢板性能极优,涂料形成的涂层对取向硅钢板赋予的张力可以有效降低取向硅钢的损耗和磁致伸缩,其可以作为变压器铁芯制造材料,有效降低变压器的能量损耗和噪音水平。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提出了一种取向硅钢板,其包括基板以及表面涂层,其中所述表面涂层由采用本发明所述的用于取向硅钢表面涂层的涂料涂覆在基板表面而形成。
进一步地,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,其表面张力>8MPa;并且其在消除应力退火处理前后的张力劣化程度≤5%。
进一步地,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,所述表面涂层的单面干膜量为2-8g/m2。
在上述技术方案中,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,可以控制表面涂层的单面干膜量在2-8g/m2之间。这是因为:当表面涂层的单面干膜量低于2g/m2时涂层的张力和绝缘效果达不到要求;而若表面涂层的单面干膜量高于8g/m2,则会导致钢板的叠片系数下降。因此,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,可以将表面涂层的单面干膜量控制在2-8g/m2之间。
进一步地,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,所述表面涂层的单面干膜量为3-6g/m2。
进一步地,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,所述基板的厚度为0.15~0.50mm。
进一步地,在本发明所述的取向硅钢板中,所述基板的表面为无镁橄榄石陶瓷膜或者含镁橄榄石陶瓷膜,所述基板为具有高斯织构的硅铁合金,其中Si元素的质量百分含量为2-4%。
相应地,本发明的又一目的在于提供一种上述取向硅钢板的制造方法,通过该制造方法可以有效制得上述取向硅钢板。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提出了一种取向硅钢板的制造方法,其包括步骤:在基板表面涂覆涂料,然后进行烧结处理,其中烧结处理中的板温为800-880℃。
在本发明所述的取向硅钢板的制造方法中,控制烧结处理中的板温在800-880℃之间,是因为:当烧结处理中的板温低于800℃时,钢板不能够达到平整的目的,且涂层对钢板赋予的张力效果也不显著;而若烧结处理中的板温高于880℃,则涂层中的二氧化硅容易生产晶化,会导致涂层致密性和张力效果下降。
相较于现有技术,本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法具有如下所述的优点以及有益效果:
在本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料中,发明人设计并控制了磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝混合磷酸盐中Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比,并将其摩尔比控制在0.02~0.15之间,以确保该涂料涂敷在取向硅钢表面形成的涂层能够赋予钢板更高的张力和更优异的耐热性。
本发明所述的涂覆了上述涂料的取向硅钢板性能极优,涂料形成的涂层对钢板赋予的张力可以有效降低取向硅钢的损耗和磁致伸缩,其可以作为变压器铁芯制造材料,有效降低变压器的能量损耗和噪音水平。
附图说明
图1示意性地显示了本发明所述涂料中的磷酸盐的Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比与涂层赋予钢板拉伸应力之间的关系。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体的实施例对本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法做进一步的解释和说明,然而该解释和说明并不对本发明的技术方案构成不当限定。
实施例1-15及对比例1-7
表1列出了实施例1-15的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料和对比例1-7的对比涂料中各组分的质量份数及质量比。
表1-1.
需要说明的是,在本发明所述的实施例1-15和对比例1-7中,磷酸盐中均包括:含Mg的磷酸二氢盐和含Al的磷酸二氢盐。其中,各实施例和对比例的磷酸盐中的Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比具体列于下述表2之中。
表2.
需要说明的是,在本发明所述的实施例1-15和对比例1-7中,各实施例和对比例所采用的铬酸化合物均为铬酸酐。当然,在某些其他的实施方式中,也可以选用铬酸盐作为铬酸化合物,例如重铬酸镁,铬酸钙、铬酸锌。
将实施例1-15的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料和对比例1-7的对比涂料涂覆在取向硅钢板的基板上,以制得本发明所述的取向硅钢板。其中,基板为具有高斯织构的硅铁合金。
在本实施方式中,各实施例以及对比例的取向硅钢板的钢坯基板中各化学元素的质量百分比均相同,均为:C:0.047%,Si:3.23%,S:0.008%,Als:0.029%,N:0.006%,Mn:0.012%,余量为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。当然,在一些其他的实施方式中,也可以采用其他化学成分组成的钢坯基板,其钢中Si元素的质量百分含量可以控制在2-4%之间。
在本发明中,对取向硅钢板的钢坯基板的成分组成没有特别限制,能够实现本案的技术效果的现有技术的成分体系都可以采用。
实施例1-15和对比例1-7的取向硅钢板均采用以下步骤制得:
(1)按照上述各化学元素的质量百分比进行冶炼铸造,得到基板钢坯。
(2)将钢坯在1150℃下加热后,热轧成2.8mm厚的热轧板。
(3)热轧板经酸洗并冷轧成0.15~0.50厚的冷轧板。其中冷轧可以为1次,也可以为夹着中间退火的2次以上的冷轧。
(4)冷轧板经过脱碳退火处理后,在湿的通氨气的氮气和氢气保护气氛中进行连续渗氮处理。
(5)将渗氮处理后的钢板涂布以氧化镁为主的隔离剂。
(6)成卷后在干的氮气和氢气保护性气氛中进行二次再结晶退火,控制退火温度为1200℃,保温25小时,得到表面覆盖镁橄榄石陶瓷膜的具有高斯织构的基板,基板厚度为0.15~0.50mm。
(7)在基板的表面涂敷涂液。
(8)在800-880℃条件下烧结,控制烧结时间大于10s,得到取向硅钢板,并控制涂层涂敷的单面干膜量为2-8g/m2,优选可以单面干膜量为3-6g/m2。
需要说明的是,在上述制造方法中,也可以通过控制脱碳退火和隔离剂在钢板表面不形成镁橄榄石陶瓷膜,基板的表面可以为无镁橄榄石陶瓷膜或者含镁橄榄石陶瓷膜。本发明所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,不论基板表面有无镁橄榄石陶瓷膜都可以有效应用。
表3列出了实施例1-15和对比例1-7的取向硅钢板的在上述制造流程中的相关工艺参数。
表3.
对于得到的带涂层的取向硅钢板,需要测定涂层赋予钢板的张力。通过测量消除应力退火前后涂层张力来评价涂层性能,涂层张力评价测试方法如下,测试结果列于表4中。
(1)单面涂层的张力σ:以轧制方向为长度方向,将取向硅钢板剪成长300mm×宽30mm的样板,然后将单面涂层去除。测定样板弯曲量,并通过以下公式计算出单面涂层的张力σ。
上式中,σ表示涂层张力,其单位可以为MPa;E表示钢板杨氏模量,其单位可以为GPa;t表示钢板的厚度,其单位可以为mm;H表示翘曲量,其单位可以为mm;L表示钢板的长度,其单位可以为mm。
由此,可以获得实施例1-15和对比例1-7的取向硅钢板的单面涂层的张力σ,其为在SPA热处理前的涂层张力σ。
(2)耐热性:测试取向硅钢板经消除应力退火(SRA)处理后涂层的张力,其中,消除应力退火处理的工艺条件是在800℃下进行2个小时的消除应力退火热处理,且气氛为100%N2。
结合比较测定取向硅钢板经SRA热处理前后涂层的张力变化,即可分析得到各实施例和对比例取向硅钢板的耐热性。其中,SRA热处理前后张力变化越大,则越不耐热;SRA热处理前后张力变化越小,则越耐热。
(3)铁损:测试经消除应力退火(SRA)处理后的各实施例和对比例的取向硅钢板在磁通密度为1.7T且频率为50Hz下的铁损P17/50。
表4列出了实施例1-15和对比例1-7的取向硅钢板的相关性能测试结果。
表4.
由表3可以看出,在实施例1-15中,使用符合本发明设计控制要求的涂料时,能够得到性能十分优异的低铁损取向硅钢板,其在SRA前的表面涂层张力σ在8.56-14.56MPa之间。
进一步参阅表3,在实施例1-15的取向硅钢板中,经过高温消除应力退火(SRA)后,各实施例的涂层张力σ均不发生显著劣化或者劣化程度小,可见制得的实施例1-15的取向硅钢板均具有十分优异的耐热性能。
相应的,在对比例1-7中,由于对比例1-7的对比涂料在设计时均存在不符合本发明设计控制要求的参数,其Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比均不满足本发明的设计要求。较之实施例1-15,对比例1-7的对比涂料涂覆形成的取向硅钢表面涂层性能较差,其涂层张力较小且耐热性能差。对比例1-7的取向硅钢板经过高温消除应力退火(SRA)后,涂层张力均会下降,且劣化程度远高于实施例1-15的取向硅钢板。
需要说明的是,表4显示的部分对比例在SPA热处理前的涂层张力σ之所以较之实施例14更优,是因为涂层张力σ大小还与涂敷的单面干膜量有关,在单面干膜量相同的情况下,实施例1-15的SRA前涂层张力σ会比对比例1-7更优。
图1示意性地显示了本发明所述涂料中的磷酸盐的Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比与涂层赋予钢板拉伸应力之间的关系。
如图1所示,在本发明所述涂料中,将磷酸盐中的Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比控制在0.02-0.15之间涂层具有更高的张力和优异的耐热效果。
需要说明的是,本案中各技术特征的组合方式并不限本案权利要求中所记载的组合方式或是具体实施例所记载的组合方式,本案记载的所有技术特征可以以任何方式进行自由组合或结合,除非相互之间产生矛盾。
还需要注意的是,以上所列举的实施例仅为本发明的具体实施例。显然本发明不局限于以上实施例,随之做出的类似变化或变形是本领域技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接得出或者很容易便联想到的,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (12)
1.一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其特征在于,其含有:磷酸盐、胶态二氧化硅、铬酸化合物;其中磷酸盐包括磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝,并且其中Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比为0.02-0.15。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其特征在于,其有效成分由下列成分组成:磷酸盐、胶态二氧化硅以及铬酸化合物;其中磷酸盐包括磷酸二氢镁和磷酸二氢铝,并且其中Al元素和Mg元素的摩尔比为0.02-0.15。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其特征在于,所述胶态二氧化硅与磷酸盐的质量比为0.8-1.2。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其特征在于,所述铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比为0.1-0.5。
5.如权利要求4所述的用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料,其特征在于,所述铬酸化合物与磷酸盐的质量比为0.2-0.4。
6.一种取向硅钢板,其包括基板以及表面涂层,其中所述表面涂层由采用如权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的涂料涂覆在基板表面而形成。
7.如权利要求6所述的取向硅钢板,其特征在于,其表面张力>8MPa;并且其在消除应力退火处理前后的张力劣化程度≤5%。
8.如权利要求6所述的取向硅钢板,其特征在于,所述表面涂层的单面干膜量为2-8g/m2。
9.如权利要求8所述的取向硅钢板,其特征在于,所述表面涂层的单面干膜量为3-6g/m2。
10.如权利要求6所述的取向硅钢板,其特征在于,所述基板的厚度为0.15~0.50mm。
11.如权利要求6所述的取向硅钢板,其特征在于,所述基板的表面为无镁橄榄石陶瓷膜或者含镁橄榄石陶瓷膜,所述基板为具有高斯织构的硅铁合金,其中Si元素的质量百分含量为2-4%。
12.如权利要求6-11中任意一项所述的取向硅钢板的制造方法,其包括步骤:在基板表面涂覆涂料,然后进行烧结处理,其中烧结处理中的板温为800-880℃。
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CN202210041436.XA CN116478562A (zh) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | 一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法 |
EP23740081.7A EP4438682A1 (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-01-13 | Coating for oriented silicon steel coating layer, and oriented silicon steel plate and manufacturing method therefor |
KR1020247021566A KR20240116512A (ko) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-01-13 | 지향성 규소강 코팅층을 위한 코팅, 지향성 규소강 플레이트, 및 그를 위한 제조 방법 |
MX2024008344A MX2024008344A (es) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-01-13 | Un recubrimiento para capa de recubrimiento de acero al silicio de grano orientado, y lamina de acero al silicio de grano orientado y metodo para su fabricacion. |
PCT/CN2023/072059 WO2023134740A1 (zh) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-01-13 | 一种用于取向硅钢涂层的涂料、取向硅钢板及其制造方法 |
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WO2023134740A1 (zh) | 2023-07-20 |
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