CN116444618B - 一种牡蛎肽及其生产菌 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于微生物生物技术领域,涉及一种人工创制的牡蛎肽及其生产菌株。本发明利用人工智能技术筛选天然牡蛎中活性的肽段,并人工合成定制开发牡蛎肽生物合成的细胞工厂,以甘油、甲醇为碳源,以车间制造模式生产天然牡蛎序列完全相同的活性肽,具有抗氧化活性高、成本低等优势,突破依赖海洋的、时空生产效率受限的技术瓶颈,改变了传统功能肽制备模式。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于微生物生物技术领域,涉及一种人工创制的牡蛎肽及其生产菌株。
背景技术
牡蛎,俗称海蛎子、蚝,属于软体动物门,是我国四大养殖贝类之一。牡蛎味道鲜美,含有丰富的蛋白质、功能性多肽、各种必需氨基酸等营养物质,具有巨大的食用价值和药用价值,是中国卫生部公布的第一批68种药食同源的食品之一。我国医学古书说到:“生蚝,治虚损,壮阳,解毒,补男女气血,令肌肤细嫩,防衰老。”古人认为牡蛎中有效成分可以快速帮助人恢复体力,同时还具有提高人体免疫能力的作用。随着牡蛎的综合利用价值被重视,人们对牡蛎肽的利用已经逐步从食品转变到中药、保健品等诸多领域。
牡蛎肽被认为是牡蛎功能活性物质,具有较强的营养及药用价值,显示出巨大应用前景。牡蛎肽现在的生产方式仍是传统的先酶解后提取的方式(杨大俏. 近江牡蛎多糖多肽联产制备工艺、结构鉴定及活性评价[D].上海海洋大学,2019.DOI:10.27314/d.cnki.gsscu.2019.000104.),但也存在生产成本过高、食材浪费、受制于食材区域局限性等问题,无法满足大规模产业化需求,严重制约牡蛎肽的应用范围。并且,牡蛎中钠含量较高,100g牡蛎中钠离子的含量为462.1mg。通过酶解牡蛎制备牡蛎肽往往含有高浓度的钠离子,这与医疗保健业提倡的低钠膳食相矛盾。因此,在开发功能性牡蛎肽产品时,需要在不影响产品质量和风味的情况下,需要进行脱盐处理,导致步骤繁琐,提取效率低下等问题。
近年来,随着合成生物学技术的快速发展,亟待突破现有牡蛎肽生物制备的技术瓶颈,开发牡蛎肽新型的生物合成技术,以车间制造模式,颠覆依赖环境的传统培养模式。
发明内容
本发明利用人工智能技术筛选天然牡蛎中活性的肽段,并人工合成定制开发牡蛎肽生物合成的细胞工厂,以甘油、甲醇为碳源,以车间制造模式生产天然牡蛎序列完全相同的活性肽,具有抗氧化活性高、成本低等优势,突破依赖海洋的、时空生产效率受限的技术瓶颈,颠覆传统功能肽制备模式。
本发明首先提供一种具有抗氧化活性的牡蛎肽,其特征在于,其序列如下述之一或其组合:
多肽1:LDIERPTYTNL
多肽2:QKNPSWSNVQIR
多肽3:VISDEHGIDPTGT
多肽4:AVNNVDKVVIYN
多肽5:GEQGRPGPPGAAGPQGEKGDVGPAG
多肽6:KTPVASSSTVGSSSVLDPVN
多肽7:EIAQDFQTDLRFQ
多肽8:ADVQVFGNPGAK
多肽9:ATNPLDSNPGTIR
多肽10:CGNIQGITKPAIR
多肽11:ATLVSEVR
多肽12:QPNNEGNLLNAIAK
多肽13:AADGGLDIPHSTK
多肽14:QLNADLRKLAVN
多肽15:LGPGIDVPAPDMGTGE
多肽16:DLMVPELS。
优选地,其是下述之一:
多肽1+多肽2的组合
多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4的组合
多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4+多肽5+多肽6+多肽7+多肽8的组合
多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4+多肽5+多肽6+多肽7+多肽8+多肽9+多肽10+多肽11+多肽12+多肽13+多肽14+多肽15+多肽16的组合。
本发明由此也提供所述的牡蛎肽的编码核酸,优选地,其基于表达宿主细胞进行了密码子优化。
本发明还提供含有所述的编码核酸的表达载体。
本发明进一步提供含所述的编码核酸或其表达载体的重组宿主细胞,优选地,其真菌,例如毕赤酵母。
本发明还提供一种牡蛎肽的表达方法,其特征在于,通过培养所述的重组宿主细胞,收集含有产生的牡蛎肽的培养物,任选地,还包括纯所述牡蛎肽步骤。
相应地,本发明提供所述的表达方法获得的含有产生的牡蛎肽的培养物或纯化得到牡蛎肽。
本发明也提供所述的牡蛎肽或其编码核酸、所述的重组宿主细胞,或所述的含有产生的牡蛎肽的培养物或纯化得牡蛎肽在制备具抗氧化活性的产品中的应用。具体地,所述产品是饲料、食品、药品。
本发明基于酵母底盘细胞开发,从而创建的富含牡蛎肽的酵母培养物,蛋白含量>56%,氨基酸含量>40%,抗氧化活性是普通酵母水解物的7倍以上。人工智能技术与合成生物学技术相结合,开辟一条全新的功能肽生物合成的新赛道。
附图说明
图1:合成牡蛎肽OP16正确转化子菌落PCR验证结果。
图2:合成牡蛎肽op16 表达情况检测。其中:1:HTX33; 2-4:HTX-33 OP16分别发酵24h,48h,72h。
图3:实施例五中实验小鼠结肠电镜图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的阐述,以期更好的理解本发明,但不构成对本发明的限制。
实施例一、牡蛎肽序列鉴定
天然牡蛎肉通过胰蛋白酶酶解后,经过液质联用技术(LC-MSMS),共鉴定出160条肽段。
首先以天然可食用牡蛎全脏器为原料进行匀浆均质,55℃中水浴3 h,调节pH至8.0。分别添加质量分数为0.5%(g/v)的Alcalase酶、胰蛋白酶和木瓜蛋白酶,55 ℃酶解2.0h,即可得到天然牡蛎肽。通过使用液质联用技术(LC-MSMS)对酶解后的天然牡蛎肽进行分析,共鉴定得到160条肽段。
实施例二、具有抗氧化活性的肽段选择
首先,我们通过建立活性肽一级序列组合收集程序自动抽取分类BIOPEP数据库的2000+条活性肽样本。使用机器学习逻辑,编码抗氧化肽(500+样本量)及非抗氧化肽(1000+样本量),建立肽段氨基酸序列及抗氧化功能的相关性学习集。完成构建神经网络模型后,学习数据集中500+条抗氧化肽及1000+条非抗氧化肽的序列特征,并进行预测及验证,计算损失函数后使用梯度下降算法更新神经网络模型参数,经过多轮迭代学习后,建立活性肽功能预测平台,平台测试集最终准确率验证达70%。
通过活性肽机器学习模型对所有牡蛎肽的抗氧化活性进行预测。天然牡蛎中160条肽中,机器学习模型预测非抗氧化相关的肽共70条。在机器学习模型预测结果的指导下,我们在活性肽合成细胞底盘构建时,据此模型将非抗氧化肽集的特征基因进行了剔除和优化,以提高目标产物的抗氧化肽组分含量和生物效价。最终基于有监督机器学习,当抗氧化活性相关性指数>0的肽段认为具有抗氧化活性的功能肽段,确定16条具有抗氧化活性的牡蛎肽肽段。其序列如下:
多肽1:LDIERPTYTNL
多肽2:QKNPSWSNVQIR
多肽3:VISDEHGIDPTGT
多肽4:AVNNVDKVVIYN
多肽5:GEQGRPGPPGAAGPQGEKGDVGPAG
多肽6:KTPVASSSTVGSSSVLDPVN
多肽7:EIAQDFQTDLRFQ
多肽8:ADVQVFGNPGAK
多肽9:ATNPLDSNPGTIR
多肽10:CGNIQGITKPAIR
多肽11:ATLVSEVR
多肽12:QPNNEGNLLNAIAK
多肽13:AADGGLDIPHSTK
多肽14:QLNADLRKLAVN
多肽15:LGPGIDVPAPDMGTGE
多肽16:DLMVPELS。
实施例三、基因合成及表达
这16条牡蛎肽序列通过北京擎科生物科技有限公司进行基因合成,并完成毕赤酵母底盘细胞的最适密码子优化,构建含有16条牡蛎肽的基因全长序列op16。
分别构建了含有2条、4条、8条和16条牡蛎肽基因全长的序列op2(多肽1+多肽2)、op4(多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4)、op8(多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4+多肽5+多肽6+多肽7+多肽8)和op16(多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4+多肽5+多肽6+多肽7+多肽8+多肽9+多肽10+多肽11+多肽12+多肽13+多肽14+多肽15+多肽16)。按照天根质粒小提试剂盒说明书提取出发质粒Ppic3.5k,使用限制性内切酶EcoRI和NotI将质粒Ppic3.5k和以上构建得到的牡蛎肽基因序列进行酶切后连接,分别构建质粒Ppic3.5k-op2、Ppic3.5k-op4、Ppic3.5k-op8和Ppic3.5k-op16。
底盘细胞采用毕赤酵母菌株P. pastoris HTX-33 (菌种保藏号CGMCC NO:25207,在中国专利申请CN202211146356.7中已经公开)。
利用内切酶NdeI分别线性化构建完成的表达质粒Ppic3.5k-op2、Ppic3.5k-op4、Ppic3.5k-op8和Ppic3.5k-op16,通过电击P. pastoris HTX-33感受态细胞中,涂布含G418抗性平板,筛选出转化子,利用OP-YZ-F和OP-YZ-R分别作为上下游引物进行菌落PCR验证301 bp大小的片段,如图1所示,条带大小正确,菌株构建成功。
通过菌落PCR验证正确的阳性转化子接种于5 ml的液体YPD试管培养基中于30℃、180 rpm条件下摇床中过夜培养;按照1 %转接量(500μL种子液)接种到50 ml(250 ml体积)的BMGY(以甘油为碳源的复杂培养基)液体发酵培养基中培养20 h左右;收集菌液于50 ml无菌离心管中,4000 rpm、4 ℃离心5 min弃上清保留菌体;用50 ml的BMMY液体培养基重悬,倒回摇瓶摇床相同条件下继续培养;次日加入500μL(1%甲醇v/v)甲醇开始诱导,1%甲醇诱导96 h。超声破壁菌体,可溶部分牡蛎肽评测抗氧化活性。
实施例四、牡蛎肽表达和抗氧化活性检测
1、将菌落PCR确认正确的转化子接种于BMGY(以甘油为碳源的复杂培养基)摇瓶发酵培养基,采用1%甲醇诱导96 h后的发酵液进行抗氧化活性检测。op2,op4,op8,op16的抗氧化活性均比对照HTX-33高,一方面证实AI筛选的肽段的确具有抗氧化活性;另外一方面说明抗氧化活性肽段表达越多,活性越强。 最优选的是表达16个肽段的OP16,重组牡蛎肽op16共有190个氨基酸,根据网站https://web.expasy.org/protparam/计算得到的分子量大小为 20.46 kDa,并且基于蛋白序列预测到牡蛎肽蛋白序列中存在多个N-糖基化和O-糖基化修饰位点,异源表达牡蛎肽在毕赤酵母中翻译后经过一系列的糖基化修饰,蛋白质分子量增大,约为40 kDa,与图2中所示结果吻合。
2、合成的牡蛎肽抗氧化活性测定
收集菌体, 用PBS缓冲液洗涤菌体2次;样品进行超声破碎(功率 200 W,超声 3s,间隔 7 s,总时间 1 h);置冰上待测。
加入10 g/l 的胰蛋白酶,在37℃,200 rpm摇床震荡酶解2h;12000rpm,4℃离心 5min,取上清,置冰上待测。按照ABTS自由基清除能力、 DPPH检测试剂盒方法测定活性
结果如表1所示,合成牡蛎肽op16的ABTS自由基清除能力为234.14%,而对照HTX-33 ABTS自由基清除能力最高为29.15%,提高703%。合成牡蛎肽op16的DPPH活性为63.35%,对照HTX-33的DPPH活性仅为10.11%,提高526%。合成牡蛎肽抗氧化活性半衰期为15天,抗氧化活性稳定。
人工创制的牡蛎肽op16是基于毕赤酵母底盘细胞开发。进而通过破壁-酶解获得的富含牡蛎肽的酵母培养物中蛋白含量>56%,氨基酸含量>40%,抗氧化活性是普通酵母水解物的7倍以上。
表1:牡蛎肽表达抗氧化活性比较。
其中op16相对于对照而言,ABTS增加百分比达到703%,DPPH增加百分比高达526%。
实施例五、动物实验
本试验选取6周龄C57BL/6J雄鼠30只,适应性饲喂一周后随机分为三组:空白组(Blank,灌胃1ml生理盐水,n=10)、天然牡蛎组(Nop,灌胃1ml天然牡蛎提取液,n=10)、合成牡蛎肽组(op16,灌胃1ml合成牡蛎肽,n=10)。持续灌胃21天。将所有小鼠饲养在恒温恒湿环境中,光照/黑暗循环12小时,自由饮水。
从小鼠结肠电镜结果如图3所示。结果表明:空白组使用连续灌胃生理盐水对小鼠结肠有一定的损伤作用,主要表现为结肠绒毛排列稀疏;而天然牡蛎Nop和合成牡蛎肽op16组绒毛排列致密,说明牡蛎肽对结肠抵御外界损伤有一定的保护作用。值得注意的是,合成牡蛎肽op16灌喂后的样品看,可以看到结肠中的线粒体数量明显增加,说明合成牡蛎肽op16有效地增强线粒体功能,有助于动物机体抗氧化、抗应激的能力提升。
综上,本发明通过人工智能技术与合成生物学技术相结合,开发了可以生产富含功能肽酵母水解物的菌株及其培养方法。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有抗氧化活性的牡蛎肽,其特征在于,其是多肽1+多肽2的组合;多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4的组合;多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4+多肽5+多肽6+多肽7+多肽8的组合;或者多肽1+多肽2+多肽3+多肽4+多肽5+多肽6+多肽7+多肽8+多肽9+多肽10+多肽11+多肽12+多肽13+多肽14+多肽15+多肽16的组合;
其中,多肽1的氨基酸序列为LDIERPTYTNL;
多肽2的氨基酸序列为QKNPSWSNVQIR;
多肽3的氨基酸序列为VISDEHGIDPTGT;
多肽4的氨基酸序列为AVNNVDKVVIYN;
多肽5的氨基酸序列为GEQGRPGPPGAAGPQGEKGDVGPAG;
多肽6的氨基酸序列为KTPVASSSTVGSSSVLDPVN;
多肽7的氨基酸序列为EIAQDFQTDLRFQ;
多肽8的氨基酸序列为ADVQVFGNPGAK;
多肽9的氨基酸序列为ATNPLDSNPGTIR;
多肽10的氨基酸序列为CGNIQGITKPAIR;
多肽11的氨基酸序列为ATLVSEVR;
多肽12的氨基酸序列为QPNNEGNLLNAIAK;
多肽13的氨基酸序列为AADGGLDIPHSTK;
多肽14的氨基酸序列为QLNADLRKLAVN;
多肽15的氨基酸序列为LGPGIDVPAPDMGTGE;
多肽16的氨基酸序列为DLMVPELS。
2.如权利要求1所述的牡蛎肽的编码核酸。
3.如权利要求2所述的编码核酸,其特征在于,其基于表达宿主细胞进行了密码子优化。
4.含有如权利要求2或3所述的编码核酸的表达载体。
5.含如权利要求2或3所述的编码核酸或如权利要求4所述的表达载体的重组宿主细胞。
6.一种牡蛎肽的表达方法,其特征在于,通过培养如权利要求5所述的重组宿主细胞,收集含有产生的牡蛎肽的培养物。
7.如权利要求6所述的表达方法,其特征在于,还包括纯化所述牡蛎肽步骤。
8.如权利要求1所述的牡蛎肽,或如权利要求2或3所述的编码核酸、如权利要求5所述的重组宿主细胞在制备具抗氧化活性的产品中的应用。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述产品是饲料、食品、药品。
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