CN116391594B - Automatic drip irrigation device is planted to potato based on environmental analysis - Google Patents
Automatic drip irrigation device is planted to potato based on environmental analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN116391594B CN116391594B CN202310576564.9A CN202310576564A CN116391594B CN 116391594 B CN116391594 B CN 116391594B CN 202310576564 A CN202310576564 A CN 202310576564A CN 116391594 B CN116391594 B CN 116391594B
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- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000003891 environmental analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000004522 Pentaglottis sempervirens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The application discloses an automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis, which relates to the technical field of potato planting, and aims at real-time environmental factors of potato planting, overall calculation is carried out through a plurality of groups of environmental factors, the water irrigation quantity required in different time periods and different production periods is obtained by reference calculation based on environmental factors as basic data, a calculation model of the water irrigation quantity is established on a remote terminal by combining a wireless data transmission technology, and the variables of the calculation model are mainly conversion factors of different environmental factors, and the purpose is that: the traditional agricultural irrigation mode of manual operation is released, and an autonomous agricultural irrigation mode which is applied according to local conditions, time conditions and conditions is formed, so that the potato is fully and effectively planned in production from the seedling stage to the fruiting stage.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of potato planting, in particular to an automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis.
Background
Potatoes are common high-starch crops, the potatoes belong to crops with larger water demand, a proper amount of water is irrigated according to different growth periods in the potato planting process, for example, the field water holding capacity is about 60% in the period of potato seedling raising; the maximum water holding capacity in the field is 70-80% during the potato seedling growing period.
However, in the actual planting process, the growth process of the potatoes is very easy to be influenced by different factors in the planting environment, such as illumination intensity, airflow, temperature and soil water content, under the condition that soil nutrition environments are similar, if the illumination intensity is higher, the temperature is increased to some extent, and then the soil water evaporation rate is increased, on the basis, if the airflow velocity in the planting environment is faster, the water evaporation rate is further accelerated.
In combination with the current mechanized planting mode, the water content of the field soil can obtain relevant data through corresponding detection equipment, such as disclosed in publication No. CN111678866A, and then the obtained water content of the soil is used as a reference for irrigation, but in the actual irrigation process, because of mutual influence among environmental factors, the irrigation quantity is difficult to master, so that the actual water content of the soil cannot meet the required water content in different growth periods of the potatoes, and particularly when the irrigation quantity and the irrigation time are determined by traditional manpower, the irrigation plan of the potatoes is difficult to 'plan' in a manpower control mode, so that the potato yield is influenced.
The application provides a solution to the technical problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis, which is used for solving the problem that the irrigation amount required in different growth periods of potatoes is difficult to master because environmental factors in planting environments are mutually influenced in the current potato planting process.
The aim of the application can be achieved by the following technical scheme: automatic drip irrigation device is planted to potato based on environmental analysis, including water injection pump and many branch water pipes, many branch water pipe end-to-end connection is provided with the choke valve on the intersection department position of water injection pump, the water injection pump outside is provided with outdoor data control end and sensor subassembly, be connected with a plurality of buckles on the branch water pipe, a plurality of the length that the buckle was followed the branch water pipe is linear equidistance setting, and installs the hose on the buckle, hose end-to-end connection has the connecting tube to detain, connecting tube detains lower extreme threaded connection has the water injection pipe, the water injection pipe passes through connecting tube detain, hose, buckle and the inside intercommunication of branch water pipe, sensor subassembly comprises solar photometer, temperature sensor, wind-force detector and soil moisture detector, a plurality of openings have been seted up on the water injection pipe circumference outer wall, the water-filling district area face is circular, and the water-filling district radius equals the half of water injection pipe distribution interval, many the branch water pipe is linear equidistance setting along the width in planting area.
Further provided is that: the laying area of many branch water pipes sets up to potato planting area, and is a plurality of the water injection pipe is linear equidistance setting along the length and the width of potato planting area, potato planting area sets up to the irrigation district along the laying position of water injection pipe, the water injection pipe inserts under the soil surface in the potato planting area along vertical direction, every four adjacent positions on the intermediate position of irrigation district sets up to potato single plant area.
Further provided is that: the solar photometer, the temperature sensor and the wind power detector are arranged in the potato planting area, and the soil moisture detector is arranged at the center point of the potato planting area.
The automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting is used in a process of using, an outdoor data control end is established to obtain a irrigation control system, and the irrigation control system comprises a data collection module, a data analysis module and a data feedback module, and is specifically as follows:
and a data collection module: the data collection module is used for collecting illumination intensity factors Lux, temperature values T, wind speeds Ws and soil water content Smo in a solar photometer, a temperature sensor, a wind power detector and a soil moisture detector, and is also used for recording water filling quantity Q of a water injection pump, water filling limiting speed V of a throttle valve and area S of a potato planting area, wherein the unit of Q is m 2 The unit of/h and S is m 2 Transmitting the obtained Lux, T, ws, smo, S, Q and V to a data analysis module;
and a data analysis module: establishing soil moisture loss E by combining Lux, T and Ws i Is calculated according to the formula: e (E) i ＝(T i *j+Lux i *k+Ws i *l)*Smo i Wherein j, k and l are respectively conversion factors of illumination intensity factor, temperature value, wind speed and water evaporation amount, j, k and l are constant values, and i is E i The management time unit in the calculation formula is that i is a natural positive integer, i=1, 2 and 3 … i-1, wherein T is the unit of day i 、Lux i 、Ws i And Smo i Respectively calculating the calculated soil moisture loss E for the real-time illumination intensity factor, the real-time temperature value, the real-time wind speed and the real-time soil moisture content of each day in the potato planting area i The data is sent to a data feedback module;
and a data feedback module: first, a control command is sent to a data collection module, and the highest water content Smo of the soil in different growth periods is given to potatoes in the data collection module max And the lowest water content Smo of the soil min In which the soil moisture loss amount E t The data generated the following moisture content states:
state one: at Smo max /2＜Smo i-1 -E i ＜Smo max Setting the potato planting environment in the state as a normal state;
state two: at Smo min ＜Smo i-1 -E i ＜Smo max Setting the potato planting environment in the state as under-water state;
state three: at Smo i-1 -E i ＜Smo min And setting the potato planting environment in the state as a water shortage state.
Further provided is that: in the data feedback module, according to three water content states, the following irrigation actions are specifically executed:
irrigation action one: in the state, the water injection pump is not started;
irrigation action II: under the second state, the water injection pump is started to inject water into the potato planting area, and the total water injection amount range is as follows: e (E) i ～Smo max 2, limiting the water injection flow rate in the water injection action through a throttle valve, wherein the water injection quantity of the water injection pump in the water injection action is unchanged;
irrigation action III: under the third state, the water injection pump is started to inject water into the potato planting area, and the total water injection amount range is as follows: smo (Smo) max /2～Smo max And limiting the water injection speed in the water injection action by the throttle valve again, wherein the water injection speed in the second irrigation action is smaller than the water injection speed in the third irrigation action
The application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the application, firstly, for the potato planting process, a single plant planting mode is adopted for potatoes, the planting distance between each plant of potatoes is equal, and branch water pipes and water injection pipes are respectively arranged according to the planting positions of the potatoes, wherein the water injection pipes are of embedded design, and the water in the water filling process directly flows into the position under the soil, so that the problem of increasing the water evaporation amount caused by the direct water flowing into the potato planting area in the traditional irrigation mode can be avoided, and the water directly flows into the position under the soil, so that the purpose of reducing the water evaporation can be achieved, and more specifically: the arrangement and arrangement of the water injection pipes are corresponding to the potato single plant planting areas, so that the potato single plant planting areas are located in the middle of the water injection pipes at every four adjacent positions, and the purpose of the water injection pipes is to ensure that the potatoes can fully absorb water, and the problem that water is accumulated in the potato single plant planting areas to cause waterlogging is avoided.
2. Environmental factors further incorporated into potato planting areas include, in particular, the light intensity factor Lux, the temperature value T, the wind speed Ws, and the soil moisture Smo, the criteria for determining whether to irrigate, and more particularly, the soil moisture: combined with the illumination intensity factor Lux, the temperature value T and the wind speed Ws to generate the soil moisture loss E i The purpose of the calculation formula of (2) is: in unit time (day), estimating and obtaining the evaporation capacity of soil moisture in the potato planting area, further combining the evaporation capacity with the soil moisture content in the previous day time, judging whether the soil moisture content in the next period accords with the soil moisture content required in the potato growth period, controlling the water injection action according to the obtained actual soil moisture content, and then freeing the traditional agricultural irrigation mode of manual operation to form a field-based, time-based and time-based irrigation mode,The autonomous agricultural irrigation mode is applied in the condition, so that the potato is fully and effectively planned in production from the seedling stage to the fruiting stage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 of an automated drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis in accordance with the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a water injection pipe component in an automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis;
fig. 4 is a bird's eye view of potato planting in the automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis according to the present application;
fig. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the operation of the irrigation control system in the automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis according to the present application.
In the figure: 1. a water injection pump; 2. a sensor assembly; 3. an outdoor data control end; 4. a ring buckle; 5. a branch water pipe; 6. a throttle valve; 7. a solar photometer; 8. potato individual plant area; 9. a hose; 10. connecting a pipe buckle; 11. a water injection pipe; 12. a potato planting area; 13. a temperature sensor; 14. a wind power detector; 15. a soil moisture detector; 16. and (5) a water filling area.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
For the current potato planting mode, water required in different growth periods of potatoes is required to be matched for irrigation, the problem that waterlogging cannot be caused and drought cannot be caused in the irrigation process is solved, the current irrigation mode mainly depends on farmer experience, but in the actual process, the current potato planting mode is influenced by external environment, such as the influence of illumination intensity, wind speed, temperature and the like, so that soil water is evaporated, the actual soil water content is difficult to control, and the following technical scheme is provided for the current potato planting mode:
referring to fig. 5, in the use process of the automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting in this embodiment, an irrigation control system is established through an outdoor data control end 3, and the irrigation control system includes a data collection module, a data analysis module and a data feedback module, which is specifically as follows:
and a data collection module: the data collection module is used for collecting the illumination intensity factors Lux, the temperature value T, the wind speed Ws and the soil water content Smo in the solar photometer 7, the temperature sensor 13, the wind power detector 14 and the soil water content detector 15, and is also used for recording the water filling quantity Q of the water filling pump 1, the water filling limiting speed V of the throttle valve 6 and the area S of the potato planting area 12, wherein the unit of Q is m 2 The unit of/h and S is m 2 Transmitting the obtained Lux, T, ws, smo, S, Q and V to a data analysis module;
and a data analysis module: establishing soil moisture loss by binding to Lux, T and Ws E i Is calculated according to the formula: e (E) i ＝(T i *j+Lux i *k+Ws i *l)*Smo i Wherein j, k and l are respectively conversion factors of illumination intensity factor, temperature value, wind speed and water evaporation amount, j, k and l are constant values, and i is E i The management time unit in the calculation formula is that i is a natural positive integer, i=1, 2 and 3 … i-1, wherein T is the unit of day i 、Lux i 、Ws i And Smo i Each of the real-time illumination intensity factors for each day in potato planting area 12Sub-real-time temperature value, real-time wind speed and real-time soil moisture content, and calculating the calculated soil moisture loss E i The data is sent to a data feedback module;
and a data feedback module: first, a control command is sent to a data collection module, and the highest water content Smo of the soil in different growth periods is given to potatoes in the data collection module max And the lowest water content Smo of the soil min In which the soil moisture loss amount E t The data generated the following moisture content states:
state one: at Smo max /2＜Smo i-1 -E i ＜Smo max Setting the potato planting environment in the state as a normal state;
state two: at Smo min ＜Smo i-1 -E i ＜Smo max Setting the potato planting environment in the state as under-water state;
state three: at Smo i-1 -E i ＜Smo min And setting the potato planting environment in the state as a water shortage state.
In the data feedback module, according to three water content states, the following irrigation actions are specifically executed:
irrigation action one: in the state, the water injection pump 1 is not started;
irrigation action II: under the second state, the water injection pump 1 is started to inject water into the potato planting area 12, and the total water injection amount range is as follows: e (E) i ～Smo max 2, the water injection rate of the water injection pump 1 in the water injection action is unchanged, and the water injection flow rate in the water injection action is limited through the throttle valve 6;
irrigation action III: in the third state, the water injection pump 1 is started to inject water into the potato planting area 12, and the total water injection amount range is as follows: smo (Smo) max /2～Smo max And the water injection speed in the water injection action is limited again by the throttle valve 6, and the water injection speed in the second irrigation action is smaller than the water injection speed in the third irrigation action.
The technical advantages are that: as shown in FIG. 5, the water content required by potatoes in different growth stages is different, so that the potato is produced according to the first stage of the different growth stagesFirstly, presetting the highest water content Smo of soil max And the lowest water content Smo of the soil min The purpose is to coordinate the potato growth process, for which purpose the soil moisture detection is mainly utilized for detection at 15;
but it should be noted that: the soil moisture content obtained by the soil moisture detection by 15 detection is only a precursor part in the implementation, and specifically, the following needs to be described: in the potato planting process, the soil moisture is evaporated due to the influence of environmental factors such as illumination intensity, wind speed and temperature, so that the actual soil moisture content is reduced, and the soil moisture loss E is established i For E i The calculation formula of (a) explains that: the actual soil moisture loss amount as detected on the first day in the corresponding growth period is a constant value Smo, and on the next day, as the soil moisture is evaporated, a part of the soil moisture is evaporated, and the estimated soil moisture loss amount is E 1 Then on the next day the actual soil moisture content is Smo-E 1 Similarly, the actual soil moisture content for each day of the growth period can be estimated;
combined with the actual soil moisture content per day, with the highest soil moisture content Smo max And the lowest water content Smo of the soil min Comparing to obtain three water content states, judging irrigation actions again according to the three water content states, and ensuring that the water content of soil always keeps the optimal state in the growth period;
compared with the current potato irrigation mode, on the premise that the soil moisture detection is based on the mode that the soil moisture is detected to be the soil moisture, the method is further combined with environmental factors, and is combined with the water evaporation quantity generated by the influence of illumination intensity, temperature, wind speed and the like in a theoretical state, and the three values corresponding to j, k and l can be obtained through a water evaporation test in agricultural operation, and the three values are specifically needed to be combined with a potato planting environment, and are only used as conversion factors in the embodiment and are not explained herein;
by combining the above, the traditional agricultural irrigation mode of releasing manual operation is achieved, and an independent agricultural irrigation mode which is applied according to local conditions, time conditions and conditions is formed, so that the potato is fully and effectively planned to be produced from the seedling stage to the fruiting stage.
Example two
The present embodiment, combined with the technical content of the first embodiment, optimizes the following potato planting area, specifically as follows:
referring to fig. 4, the arrangement area of the plurality of branch water pipes 5 is set as a potato planting area 12, the plurality of water injection pipes 11 are linearly equidistantly arranged along the length and width of the potato planting area 12, the arrangement position of the potato planting area 12 along the water injection pipes 11 is set as a water filling area 16, the water injection pipes 11 are inserted under the soil surface in the potato planting area 12 along the vertical direction, the middle position of the water filling area 16 on every four adjacent positions is set as a potato single plant area 8, the area surface of the water filling area 16 is circular, the radius of the water filling area 16 is equal to one half of the distribution interval of the water injection pipes 11, the plurality of branch water pipes 5 are linearly equidistantly arranged along the width of the potato planting area 12, the solar photometer 7, the temperature sensor 13 and the wind power detector 14 are arranged in the potato planting area 12, and the soil moisture detector 15 is arranged at the central point position of the potato planting area 12.
The technical advantages are that: firstly, branch water pipes 5 and water injection pipes 11 are distributed along a potato individual plant area 8, and the distribution process needs to be maintained: each water injection pipe 11 forms an independent water injection area 16, because when water is injected by the water injection pipe 11, water diffuses and flows outwards, and then 'radiates' to form a circular water injection area 16, so that the potato individual plant area 8 is positioned at the central point of the water injection area 16 at every four adjacent positions, and the purpose of the method is that: the problem of waterlogging caused by direct water retention in a potato individual plant area 8 during water injection is avoided.
Example III
The present embodiment is to implement the technical content in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and make technical structural optimization for the automatic drip irrigation device therein:
referring to fig. 1 to 4, the automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis in this embodiment comprises a water injection pump 1 and a plurality of branch water pipes 5, wherein the tail ends of the plurality of branch water pipes 5 are connected to the output end of the water injection pump 1, a throttle valve 6 is arranged at the intersection position of the plurality of branch water pipes 5, an outdoor data control end 3 and a sensor component 2 are arranged outside the water injection pump 1, a plurality of buckles 4 are connected to the branch water pipes 5, the plurality of buckles 4 are linearly equidistantly arranged along the length of the branch water pipes 5, a hose 9 is arranged on the buckles 4, the tail ends of the hose 9 are connected with a connecting pipe buckle 10, the lower ends of the connecting pipe buckle 10 are in threaded connection with a water injection pipe 11, the water injection pipe 11 is communicated with the inside of the branch water pipes 5 through the connecting pipe buckle 10, the hose 9, the buckles 4 are communicated with a solar photometer 7, a temperature sensor 13, a wind detector 14 and a soil moisture detector 15, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential outer wall of the water injection pipe 11.
The structure has the advantages that: the main structure in this embodiment is a water injection pipe 11, the water injection pipe 11 is completely buried under the soil in the potato planting area 12, and is communicated with the branch water pipe 5 through a connecting pipe buckle 10, and the purpose is that: the irrigation process is a direct "injection" below ground level, and the water flow directly over the soil in potato planting area 12 increases the rate of evaporation of the water, as compared to conventional irrigation processes, which reduce the rate of evaporation of the water "injected" below ground level, allowing the potato to adequately absorb the water.
To sum up: for the real-time environmental factors of potato planting, overall calculation is carried out through a plurality of groups of environmental factors, the environmental factors are taken as basic data to refer to and calculate to obtain the irrigation quantity required in different time periods and different production periods, a calculation model of the irrigation quantity is established on a remote terminal by combining a wireless data transmission technology, and the variables of the calculation model are mainly conversion factors of different environmental factors, so that the purpose is that: the traditional agricultural irrigation mode of manual operation is released, and an autonomous agricultural irrigation mode which is applied according to local conditions, time conditions and conditions is formed, so that the potato is fully and effectively planned in production from the seedling stage to the fruiting stage.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the application, as it is well within the scope of the application as claimed, as it relates to various modifications, additions and substitutions for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept and without departing from the scope of the application as defined in the accompanying claims.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the application. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the application and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the application. The application is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis comprises a water injection pump (1) and a plurality of branch water pipes (5), and is characterized in that the plurality of branch water pipes (5) are connected to the output end of the water injection pump (1) in an end-to-end mode, a throttle valve (6) is arranged at the intersection position of the plurality of branch water pipes (5), an outdoor data control end (3) and a sensor assembly (2) are arranged outside the water injection pump (1), a plurality of buckles (4) are connected to the branch water pipes (5), the plurality of buckles (4) are arranged at equal intervals in a linear mode along the length of the branch water pipes (5), a hose (9) is arranged on the buckles (4), the hose (9) is connected with a connecting pipe buckle (10) in an end-to-end mode, the lower end of the connecting pipe buckle (10) is connected with a water injection pipe (11) in a threaded mode, the water injection pipe (11) is communicated with the inside of the branch water injection pipe (5) through the connecting pipe buckle (10), the hose (9) and the buckles (4), the sensor assembly (2) is formed by a solar meter (7), a temperature sensor (13), a soil detector (14) and a plurality of water injection ports (15) are formed in the circumference of the water injection pipe;
the laying areas of the plurality of branch water pipes (5) are set as potato planting areas (12), the plurality of water injection pipes (11) are linearly and equidistantly arranged along the length and the width of the potato planting areas (12), the potato planting areas (12) are set as irrigation areas (16) along the laying positions of the water injection pipes (11), the water injection pipes (11) are inserted into the soil surface in the potato planting areas (12) along the vertical direction, and the middle positions of the irrigation areas (16) on every four adjacent positions are set as potato single plant areas (8);
the regional face of the irrigation area (16) is circular, the regional radius of the irrigation area (16) is equal to one half of the distribution interval of the water injection pipes (11), and a plurality of branch water pipes (5) are linearly and equidistantly arranged along the width of the potato planting area (12);
in the using process of the automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting, an irrigation control system is established through an outdoor data control end (3), and comprises a data collection module, a data analysis module and a data feedback module, and the automatic drip irrigation device is specifically as follows:
and a data collection module: for collecting illumination intensity factors in solar photometers (7), temperature sensors (13), wind detectors (14) and soil moisture detectors (15)Temperature value->Wind speed->And soil moisture content->The data collection module is also used for recording the irrigation quantity of the water injection pump (1)>The rate of restriction of the flow of water of the throttle valve (6)>Area of potato planting area (12)>Wherein->In m2/h,/l>Is m2, will be obtained +.>、/>、/>、/>、/>、/>And->Transmitting the data to a data analysis module;
and a data analysis module: is combined to、/>、/>Establishing soil moisture loss amount->Is calculated according to the formula:wherein->、/>、/>Conversion factors of illumination intensity factor, temperature value, wind speed and water evaporation amount are respectively +.>、/>、/>Is of a constant value, wherein i is +.>The unit of management time in the calculation formula is day, i is a natural positive integer, i=1, 2, 3 … i-1, wherein ∈1>、/>、/>Andrespectively calculating the soil moisture loss amount of the real-time illumination intensity factor, the real-time temperature value, the real-time wind speed and the real-time soil moisture content of each day in the potato planting area (12)>The data is sent to a data feedback module;
and a data feedback module: first, a control command is sent to a data collection module, and the highest water content of soil in different growth periods is given to potatoes in the data collection moduleAnd the lowest moisture content of the soil->Wherein the soil moisture loss is->The data generated the following moisture content states:
state one: at the position ofSetting the potato planting environment in the state as a normal state;
state two: at the position ofSetting the potato planting environment in the state as a water shortage state;
state three: at the position ofAnd setting the potato planting environment in the state as a water shortage state.
2. The automatic drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis according to claim 1, wherein the solar photometer (7), the temperature sensor (13) and the wind power detector (14) are arranged in the potato planting area (12), and the soil moisture detector (15) is arranged at the central point position of the potato planting area (12).
3. The automated drip irrigation device for potato planting based on environmental analysis of claim 1, wherein in the data feedback module, the following irrigation actions are specifically performed according to three water content states:
irrigation action one: in the state, the water injection pump (1) is not started;
irrigation action II: under the second state, the water injection pump (1) is started to inject water into the potato planting area (12), and the total water injection amount range is as follows:~/>the water injection rate of the water injection pump (1) in the water injection action is unchanged, and the water injection flow rate in the water injection action is limited by the throttle valve (6);
irrigation action III: under the third state, the water injection pump (1) is started to inject water into the potato planting area (12), and the total water injection amount range is as follows:~/>and the water injection speed in the water injection action is limited by the throttle valve (6) again, and the water injection speed in the irrigation action II is smaller than the water injection speed in the irrigation action III.
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