CN113491192A - Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting - Google Patents
Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN113491192A CN113491192A CN202010270895.6A CN202010270895A CN113491192A CN 113491192 A CN113491192 A CN 113491192A CN 202010270895 A CN202010270895 A CN 202010270895A CN 113491192 A CN113491192 A CN 113491192A
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- soil moisture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/007—Metering or regulating systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and irrigation. The potato field irrigation system comprises a field data acquisition device for acquiring and uploading data, a soil moisture content recognition device for data analysis, an automatic control device for controlling irrigation equipment and a field irrigation device for potato irrigation, wherein the soil moisture content recognition device and the automatic control device are arranged in a remote upper computer; the field data acquisition device comprises a soil moisture sensor, an information acquisition terminal and a solar storage battery. The invention can stably and continuously monitor the soil at the same position and multiple depths, so that the measured soil moisture data has practical value, can guide the actual production, can realize the automatic monitoring and irrigation of the planted field, can timely and properly irrigate potato crops under various meteorological factors, saves water resources, enables the soil moisture content to be more suitable for the growth of potatoes, and improves the yield of the potatoes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting irrigation, and particularly relates to an intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting.
Background
The potato cultivation range extends all over the world, most countries between 71 degrees of north latitude and 40 degrees of south latitude have potato cultivation, countries with larger cultivation areas include Russia, China, America, the Netherlands, Germany, Canada and the like, wherein the Netherlands are countries with higher production level in the world, the cultivation area is about 200 mu of each year and accounts for 36 percent of the sowing area of grain crops, the yield per mu is increased from 2200 kg per mu in 70 years of 20 th century to 3300 kg at present, the irrigation and fertilization in the existing potato cultivation process usually adopt the same line which is managed by adopting a water and fertilizer integrated management system, but the existing potato cultivation water and fertilizer integrated management system has insufficient intellectualization, poor soil moisture monitoring precision, single-depth and discontinuous soil moisture data are collected, the soil has heterogeneity and remarkable difference, therefore, the soil moisture data of a single point cannot represent the soil moisture content of the whole land, and therefore, the improvement of the prior art is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for potato planting in a field, which has practical value of measured soil moisture data through monitoring soil at the same position, multiple depths, stability and continuity, can guide actual production, can realize automatic monitoring and irrigation of the planted field, can irrigate potato crops in proper time under various meteorological factors, saves water resources, enables soil moisture content to be more suitable for growth of potatoes, improves potato yield, and solves the problems of insufficient intellectualization and poor soil moisture content monitoring precision of the existing water and fertilizer integrated management system for potato planting.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting, which comprises a field data acquisition device, a soil moisture content recognition device, an automatic control device and a field irrigation device, wherein the field data acquisition device is used for acquiring data and uploading the data;
the field data acquisition device comprises a soil moisture sensor, an information acquisition terminal, a solar storage battery and an information acquisition terminal controller, wherein the soil moisture sensor is buried in an acquisition point, the information acquisition terminal is fixed above the acquisition point through a support, the solar storage battery and the information acquisition terminal controller are both arranged in the information acquisition terminal, the solar storage battery is electrically connected with a solar panel, the solar panel is obliquely arranged at the side of the information acquisition terminal, the output end of the soil moisture sensor is wirelessly connected with the input end of the information acquisition terminal, and the output end of the information acquisition terminal is wirelessly connected with a remote upper computer through a wireless network module;
the soil moisture content recognition device comprises a wireless data receiving module, a data analysis module and a signal receiving module, wherein the input end of the wireless data receiving module is in wireless network connection with the output end of the information acquisition terminal, the output end of the wireless data receiving module is electrically connected with the input end of the data analysis module, the output end of the data analysis module is electrically connected with the input end of the signal receiving module, and the output end of the signal receiving module is electrically connected with the input end of the automatic control device;
the automatic control device comprises a control computer, wherein the input end of the control computer is electrically connected with the output end of the signal receiving module, the output end of the control computer is in wireless network connection with the input end of the information acquisition terminal controller, and the automatic control device also comprises communication equipment, a power supply, a starting button, a display, an indicator light and a console center;
the field irrigation device comprises a water pump, a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve and an irrigation pipeline, wherein the input end of the water pump, the input end of the first electromagnetic valve and the input end of the second electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the output end of the information acquisition terminal controller, and the irrigation pipeline comprises an irrigation main pipe and an irrigation branch pipe.
Furthermore, the wireless network module is arranged in the information acquisition terminal, and a signal enhancement module is arranged at the wireless network module.
Furthermore, the collection points are arranged on collection areas, four collection points are arranged in each collection area, the four collection points are uniformly distributed around the irrigation branch pipe in a rectangular array shape, the collection areas are provided with a plurality of collection points, and the collection areas are arranged in the field in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, three soil moisture sensors are vertically buried in each collecting point, and the buried depths of the three soil moisture sensors are sequentially set to be 10cm, 20cm and 30 cm.
Furthermore, the data analysis module respectively adopts ArcGIS software and Surfer software to draw a soil moisture sensor space distribution map and a soil moisture numerical distribution map of soil moisture content, and then obtains soil moisture content data in a target area by using a space interpolation method.
Further, when the automatic control device compares the soil moisture content value in the collection area with the set upper and lower limits of the soil moisture content, the soil moisture content value in the collection area adopts the stable and continuous soil moisture content data mean value of the area within a period of time, and the soil moisture data which is stable and continuous at the same position and multiple depths is valuable and can guide the actual production.
Furthermore, the information acquisition terminals are provided with a plurality of information acquisition terminals which are respectively arranged in each acquisition area of the field, the information acquisition terminals are all connected with the same remote upper computer through a network, and the information acquisition terminals can realize centralized management.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can realize automatic monitoring and irrigation of a test field, so that potato crops can be irrigated in proper time and proper amount under various meteorological factors, water resources are saved, soil moisture content can be more suitable for growth of potatoes, the yield of the potatoes is improved, soil moisture data of different depths of a soil layer are collected through the soil moisture sensor and are transmitted to the upper computer through wireless transmission, the upper computer finally generates regional soil moisture content data through collecting the soil moisture content data and analyzing the soil moisture content data and compares the regional soil moisture content data with the set upper limit and the lower limit of the soil moisture content to control the on-off of the water pump and the electromagnetic valve, irrigation is started when the collected soil moisture data is lower than the lower limit of soil moisture content control in the irrigation process, the irrigation is stopped when the collected soil moisture data is higher than the upper limit of the soil moisture content control, the system can automatically record and count the total opening time of the electromagnetic valve in the irrigation process, and further obtains the irrigation time meeting the requirements of the soil moisture content of the potatoes, the time is determined as the irrigation time which meets the requirement of the potatoes for water, and the irrigation time of a non-acquisition area, which is provided with no soil moisture sensor and is opposite to the acquisition area in the field, is used for irrigating the opposite acquisition area, so that the installation cost of the acquisition equipment of the whole management system can be reduced.
2. According to the invention, through monitoring soil at the same position, multiple depths, stability and continuity, the measured soil moisture data has practical value, can guide actual production, improve the planting yield of potatoes in a field, and can manage a plurality of planted fields in a centralized manner.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a field device distribution of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the information acquisition terminal according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a soil moisture sensor arrangement according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. a field data acquisition device; 2. a soil moisture content recognition device; 3. an automatic control device; 4. a field irrigation device; 5. collecting an area; 6. collecting points; 101. a soil moisture sensor; 102. an information acquisition terminal; 103. a solar storage battery; 104. a wireless network module; 105. a signal enhancement module; 106. an information acquisition terminal controller; 201. a wireless data receiving module; 202. a data analysis module; 203. a signal receiving module; 301. a control computer; 401. a water pump; 402. a first solenoid valve; 403. a second solenoid valve; 404. irrigating a main pipe; 405. and (4) irrigating branch pipes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for the potato planting in the field comprises a field data acquisition device 1 for acquiring and uploading data, a soil moisture content recognition device 2 for data analysis, an automatic control device 3 for controlling irrigation equipment and a field irrigation device 4 for potato irrigation, wherein the soil moisture content recognition device 2 and the automatic control device 3 are arranged in a remote host computer.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the field data collecting device 1 comprises a soil moisture sensor 101, an information collecting terminal 102, a solar storage battery 103 and an information collecting terminal controller 106, wherein the soil moisture sensor 101 is buried in a collecting point 6, the soil moisture sensor 101 is used for collecting the water content of soil, the information collecting terminal 102 is fixed above the collecting point 6 through a bracket, the solar storage battery 103 and the information collecting terminal controller 106 are both arranged in the information collecting terminal 102, the solar storage battery 103 is electrically connected with a solar panel, the solar panel is obliquely arranged at the side of the information collecting terminal 102, the solar storage battery 103 is used for supplying power to the information collecting terminal 102, the output end of the soil moisture sensor 101 is wirelessly connected with the input end of the information collecting terminal 102, and the output end of the information collecting terminal 102 is wirelessly connected with a remote upper computer through a wireless network module 104, the wireless network module 104 is arranged in the information acquisition terminal 102, the signal enhancement module 105 is arranged at the position of the wireless network module 104, the information acquisition terminal 102 is provided with a plurality of information acquisition terminals 102, the plurality of information acquisition terminals 102 are respectively arranged in each acquisition area 5 of the field, and the plurality of information acquisition terminals 102 are all connected with the same remote upper computer through a network.
As shown in fig. 5, the soil moisture content recognition device 2 includes a wireless data receiving module 201, a data analyzing module 202 and a signal receiving module 203, an input end of the wireless data receiving module 201 is connected with an output end of the information collecting terminal 102 via a wireless network, an output end of the wireless data receiving module 201 is electrically connected with an input end of the data analyzing module 202, an output end of the data analyzing module 202 is electrically connected with an input end of the signal receiving module 203, an output end of the signal receiving module 203 is electrically connected with an input end of the automatic control device 3, the data analyzing module 202 respectively adopts ArcGIS software and Surfer software to draw a spatial distribution diagram and a soil moisture content distribution diagram of the soil moisture sensor 101 of the soil moisture content, and then obtains soil moisture content data in a target area by using a spatial interpolation method, the wireless data receiving module 201 obtains data related to the soil moisture content, the data are transmitted to the data analysis module 202, converted into signal soil moisture data by the data analysis module 202, transmitted to the signal receiving module 203, and then generated into regional soil moisture data by the automatic control device 3.
As shown in fig. 5, the automatic control device 3 includes a control computer 301, an input end of the control computer 301 is electrically connected to an output end of the signal receiving module 203, an output end of the control computer 301 is wirelessly connected to an input end of the information collecting terminal controller 106, when the automatic control device 3 compares a soil moisture content value in the collecting area 5 with a set upper and lower limit of the soil moisture content, the soil moisture content value in the collecting area 5 adopts a stable and continuous soil moisture content data mean value in the area for a period of time, the soil moisture data at the same position, multiple depths, stability and continuity are valuable and can guide the soil moisture data actually produced, the automatic control device 3 further includes a communication device, a power supply, a start button, a display, an indicator light and a console center, the control computer 301 mainly completes setting of the upper and lower limits of the soil moisture content, setting of irrigation time of the irrigation area and real-time monitoring of the operation state of the irrigation area electromagnetic valve, the communication equipment is used for communicating with the information acquisition terminal 102 to realize centralized management, the power supply is used for controlling the working state of the upper computer, the starting button is used for controlling the start and stop of the whole system, the display is used for displaying various data of the system under normal conditions, the indicator lamp can display red alarm when the system is abnormal, the indicator lamp is used for reminding workers, and the console center is used for monitoring the state of the whole control system.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the field irrigation device 4 comprises a water pump 401, a first electromagnetic valve 402, a second electromagnetic valve 403 and an irrigation pipe, wherein the input end of the water pump 401, the input end of the first electromagnetic valve 402 and the input end of the second electromagnetic valve 403 are all electrically connected with the output end of the information acquisition terminal controller 106, and the irrigation pipe comprises an irrigation main pipe 404 and an irrigation branch pipe 405.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the collection points 6 are arranged on the collection areas 5, four collection points 6 are arranged in each collection area 5, the four collection points 6 are uniformly distributed around the irrigation branch pipe 405 in a rectangular array, three soil moisture sensors 101 are vertically buried in each collection point 6, the buried depths of the three soil moisture sensors 101 are sequentially set to be 10cm, 20cm and 30cm, soil moisture data are collected by the four collection points 6 and the three soil moisture sensors 101 are arranged in each collection point 6, soil moisture monitoring can be comprehensively carried out on the collection areas 5, the collection areas 5 are provided with a plurality of collection areas 5, the collection areas 5 are staggered in a field, the soil moisture sensors 101 in the collection areas 5 collect the soil moisture data, the automatic control device 3 determines the required irrigation time according to the collected data, and further irrigates the collection areas 5, and the irrigation time of the non-acquisition area, which is not provided with the soil moisture sensor 101, of the acquisition area 5 is irrigated according to the irrigation time of the opposite acquisition area 5, so that the installation cost of the acquisition equipment of the whole management system can be reduced.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. Intelligent liquid manure integration management system is planted to field potato, its characterized in that: the potato field irrigation system comprises a field data acquisition device (1) for acquiring and uploading data, a soil moisture content recognition device (2) for data analysis, an automatic control device (3) for controlling irrigation equipment and a field irrigation device (4) for potato irrigation, wherein the soil moisture content recognition device (2) and the automatic control device (3) are arranged in a remote host computer;
the field data acquisition device (1) comprises a soil moisture sensor (101), an information acquisition terminal (102), a solar storage battery (103) and an information acquisition terminal controller (106), the soil moisture sensor (101) is buried in the collection point (6), the information collection terminal (102) is fixed above the collection point (6) through a bracket, the solar storage battery (103) and the information acquisition terminal controller (106) are both arranged in the information acquisition terminal (102), the solar storage battery (103) is electrically connected with the solar panel, the solar panel is obliquely arranged on the side surface of the information acquisition terminal (102), the output end of the soil moisture sensor (101) is wirelessly connected with the input end of the information acquisition terminal (102), the output end of the information acquisition terminal (102) is in wireless network connection with a remote upper computer through a wireless network module (104);
the soil moisture content recognition device (2) comprises a wireless data receiving module (201), a data analysis module (202) and a signal receiving module (203), wherein the input end of the wireless data receiving module (201) is in wireless network connection with the output end of the information acquisition terminal (102), the output end of the wireless data receiving module (201) is electrically connected with the input end of the data analysis module (202), the output end of the data analysis module (202) is electrically connected with the input end of the signal receiving module (203), and the output end of the signal receiving module (203) is electrically connected with the input end of the automatic control device (3);
the automatic control device (3) comprises a control computer (301), the input end of the control computer (301) is electrically connected with the output end of the signal receiving module (203), the output end of the control computer (301) is in wireless network connection with the input end of the information acquisition terminal controller (106), and the automatic control device (3) further comprises communication equipment, a power supply, a starting button, a display, an indicator light and a console center;
the field irrigation device (4) comprises a water pump (401), a first electromagnetic valve (402), a second electromagnetic valve (403) and an irrigation pipeline, wherein the input end of the water pump (401), the input end of the first electromagnetic valve (402) and the input end of the second electromagnetic valve (403) are electrically connected with the output end of the information acquisition terminal controller (106), and the irrigation pipeline comprises an irrigation main pipe (404) and an irrigation branch pipe (405).
2. The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wireless network module (104) is arranged in the information acquisition terminal (102), and a signal enhancement module (105) is arranged at the wireless network module (104).
3. The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the collecting points (6) are arranged on a collecting area (5), each collecting area (5) is internally provided with four collecting points (6), the four collecting points (6) are uniformly distributed around the irrigation branch pipes (405) in a rectangular array shape, the collecting area (5) is provided with a plurality of collecting points (5), and the collecting areas (5) are arranged in the field in a staggered mode.
4. The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: three soil moisture sensors (101) are vertically buried in each collecting point (6), and the buried depths of the three soil moisture sensors (101) are sequentially set to be 10cm, 20cm and 30 cm.
5. The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the data analysis module (202) respectively adopts ArcGIS software and Surfer software to draw a soil moisture sensor (101) space distribution diagram and a soil moisture numerical distribution diagram of soil moisture content, and then obtains soil moisture content data in a target area by using a space interpolation method.
6. The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the automatic control device (3) compares the soil moisture content numerical value in the collection area (5) with the set upper and lower limits of the soil moisture content, the soil moisture content numerical value in the collection area (5) adopts the stable and continuous soil moisture content data mean value in the area for a period of time.
7. The intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the information acquisition terminal (102) is provided with a plurality of information acquisition terminals (102), the plurality of information acquisition terminals (102) are respectively arranged in each acquisition area (5) of a field, and the plurality of information acquisition terminals (102) are all connected with the same remote upper computer network.
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| CN202010270895.6A CN113491192A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting |
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| CN202010270895.6A CN113491192A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management system for field potato planting |
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| CN114885702A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-12 | 广州大学 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation |
| CN116391594A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-07-07 | 甘肃农业大学 | Automatic drip irrigation device is planted to potato based on environmental analysis |
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