CN114885702A - Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation - Google Patents
Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114885702A CN114885702A CN202210572839.7A CN202210572839A CN114885702A CN 114885702 A CN114885702 A CN 114885702A CN 202210572839 A CN202210572839 A CN 202210572839A CN 114885702 A CN114885702 A CN 114885702A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/003—Controls for self-acting watering devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
- A01G3/08—Other tools for pruning, branching or delimbing standing trees
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation, which comprises a soil permeable layer, wherein three planting layers are arranged on the soil permeable layer, a sealing support ring is connected between every two planting layers, the sealing support ring and the planting layers form a complete planting cavity, planting soil is arranged in the planting cavity, an irrigation device is spliced in the planting cavity, a root system shearing device is arranged between the sealing support ring and the planting layers, each planting layer is provided with a splicing hole, a sensor is spliced in the splicing hole, and the detection end of the sensor extends to the interior of the planting cavity through the splicing hole, has positive significance for the development of the layered irrigation mode in the field of intelligent irrigation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation.
Background
Many crops have developed root systems, and the root system density has a positive correlation with parameters such as water consumption, fertilizer consumption and the like. However, the common ground surface drip irrigation mode is difficult to match the soil humid area with the root system of the crops, so that the utilization rate of water and fertilizer is greatly reduced, and the cold resistance, drought resistance, insect resistance and other performances of the crops are reduced. The layered irrigation can well meet the requirement of matching the soil humid area with the crop root system, improve the water and fertilizer utilization rate of the crops, and enhance the cold resistance, cold resistance and other performances of the crops. However, at present, devices and equipment related to layered irrigation are very few, particularly, experimental devices for measuring root distribution of each layer for layered irrigation are not designed, the device plays an important role in research of layered irrigation, and the design of the experimental devices for measuring root distribution of each layer for layered irrigation is of great importance, so that a crop and soil monitoring and root data collecting system for layered irrigation is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation to solve the above problems.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layering is irrigated, includes the soil permeable formation, be provided with three planting layer on the soil permeable formation, per two are planted and are connected with sealed support ring between the layer, sealed support ring and planting layer have constituteed the complete chamber of planting, and planting intracavity portion is provided with plants soil, it has irrigation equipment to plant intracavity portion grafting, be provided with root system shearing mechanism between sealed support ring and the planting layer, every the spliced eye has all been seted up on the planting layer, the grafting has the sensor in the spliced eye, and the sense terminal of sensor extends to the inside of planting the chamber through the spliced eye.
Preferably, the soil permeable formation has set gradually deep infiltration from the bottom up and has stored chamber, filter screen brace table and seal groove on the soil permeable formation, the delivery port has been seted up to deep infiltration storage chamber bottom, the outlet pipe is connected to the delivery port, the last filter screen of installing of filter screen brace table.
Preferably, irrigation equipment includes flow tube, shrouding, rack slide, shower nozzle closing cap and gear, and the water inlet is installed at the back of flow tube, grafting portion is connected to the bottom of flow tube, and grafting portion is the toper, one side that the flow tube corresponds the shrouding is open setting, and the shrouding joint sets up one side at the flow tube open, the outside threaded connection that the flow tube corresponds the shrouding has the shower nozzle closing cap, sliding clamping has the rack slide on the shower nozzle closing cap, and the rack slide sets up between shrouding and shower nozzle closing cap, and all seted up three delivery port on shrouding, rack slide, the shower nozzle closing cap, the motor case is installed on the top of flow tube, and the inside fixed mounting of motor case has the motor, and the output shaft fixed mounting of motor has the gear, the gear corresponds and has seted up the gear groove on the gear position, gear groove and gear engagement.
Preferably, the interval beta between the apopore of shower nozzle closing cap, the diameter of the apopore of shower nozzle closing cap is D, and then the interval theta scope of rack slide apopore is: beta + D is not less than theta and not more than 2 beta-D.
Preferably, the diameter of the water outlet hole of the rack sliding plate is smaller than or equal to that of the water outlet hole of the spray head sealing cover.
Preferably, root system shearing mechanism is including location fixing base, two spinning blade fixing bases, fixing base upper cover and lift boss, and two spinning blade fixing bases articulate on the location fixing base, install the blade on the free end of spinning blade fixing base, fixed mounting has spinning blade fixing base on the free end of blade, the interior joint of fixing base upper cover has the lift boss, and the top at the location fixing base is installed to the fixing base upper cover.
Preferably, the planting layer is provided with a first protrusion in a position corresponding to the positioning fixing seat in an integrated manner, a plug-in groove is formed in a wall surface of the first protrusion far away from the planting layer, a buckle is formed in one end of the positioning fixing seat in an integrated manner, the buckle is connected with the plug-in block in a clamping manner, a second protrusion is formed in a position corresponding to the first protrusion in an integrated manner on the sealing support ring, the positioning fixing seat and the upper cover of the fixing seat are arranged between the first protrusion and the second protrusion, the positioning fixing seat is provided with two rotary protruding shafts in an integrated manner, the rotary protruding shafts are connected with the rotary blade fixing seat in a rotating manner, a fixing groove is formed in a position corresponding to the rotary protruding shafts on the upper cover of the fixing seat, and the fixing groove is fixedly connected with the rotary protruding shafts.
Preferably, the bottom mirror image of lift boss is provided with two rotatory spouts, and two rotatory spouts are from the one end of keeping away from each other to the one end inslot degree of depth that is close to each other shallowly gradually, set up corresponding arc wall on the bottom of fixing base upper cover corresponds rotatory spout position, integrated into one piece has spinning block two on the position that the spinning blade fixing base corresponds protruding two, integrated into one piece has spinning block one on the spinning blade fixing base, and fixed mounting has the handle on the spinning blade fixing base, integrated into one piece has the back arch on the position that the planting layer corresponds spinning blade fixing base, integrated into one piece has the arc recess on the protruding position that corresponds spinning block one in back.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation is convenient for data collection, monitoring and analysis experiments related to root systems of all soil layers in the vertical downward direction of soil, and has positive significance for development of layered irrigation modes in the field of intelligent irrigation.
2. The crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation has the advantages that the detachable layered monitoring device can monitor the soil moisture content of the overground part and the underground part of the crop and the soil, and collect indexes related to root systems of all the soil layers, the device has interchangeability, the number of layers of planting layers can be adjusted through the depth of the crop roots, the device is suitable for shallow root crops and deep root crops, the universality and the interchangeability are high, the problem of using one crop is solved, resources are greatly saved, and good environmental protection benefits are achieved. Besides being used for root system research, the device can also be used for related research on soil hydrodynamics, meets the research on the related aspects of soil, water and fertilizer and crops, and provides a good experimental platform for the technical research on the related aspects.
3. This a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layering is irrigated, root system shearing mechanism can carry out two-way shearing inwards to the crop ingeniously and plant and cooperate between layer, the sealing ring, has not only reduced the device volume, for the one-way shearing of cutter for the tradition, has improved the security greatly moreover. Meanwhile, the effect that one shearing device can shear all the planting layers can be achieved, the number of the shearing devices is reduced, and the utilization rate of the shearing devices is improved.
4. This a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layering irrigation, layering irrigation shower nozzle only realize that a motor is multi-purpose through the operation of the steerable three mouth and hybrid chamber of irrigating of a motor, have saved the quantity of motor greatly, have good economic benefits. The layered irrigation spray head can irrigate each soil layer independently and respectively, so that the soil humid area is matched with the root system dense area, the water and fertilizer utilization rate is greatly improved, the layered irrigation spray head has important significance in saving water, fertilizer and other resources, has very positive effect on reducing the pollution of the fertilizer to the environment and improving the crop yield, and has good economic significance and environmental protection benefit.
5. This a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layering irrigation has contained monitoring, cutting and has irrigated three part, satisfies most demands relevant with the root system experiment, also satisfies most demands relevant with the moisture migration experiment, and the implementation of the relevant experiment of being convenient for, and provides accurate relevant index, and the going on of relevant research accelerates, all has certain positive meaning in aspects such as relevant academic, technique, economy, environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of an irrigation device in a collection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a shearing device with root system of a collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of a shearing device with root system of a collecting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partially enlarged structural view of a portion a in fig. 5.
In the figure: 1. a soil permeable layer; 2. planting a layer; 3. a sealing support ring; 4. a first bulge; 5. a second bulge; 6. a sensor; 7. an irrigation device; 8. filtering with a screen; 9. a water outlet pipe; 10. inserting holes; 11. a flow tube; 12. closing the plate; 13. a rack slide plate; 14. covering the spray head; 15. a gear; 16. positioning the fixed seat; 17. a rotary blade holder; 18. a blade; 19. a rotary blade holder; 20. rotating the first sliding block; 21. a fixed seat upper cover; 22. the back is convex; 23. lifting the boss; 24. rotating the second sliding block; 25. the chute is rotated.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a soil permeable layer 1, three planting layers 2 are arranged on the soil permeable layer 1, a sealing support ring 3 is connected between every two planting layers 2, the sealing support ring 3 and the planting layers 2 form a complete planting cavity, planting soil is arranged inside the planting cavity, an irrigation device 7 is inserted inside the planting cavity, a root system shearing device is arranged between the sealing support ring 3 and the planting layers 2, each planting layer 2 is provided with an insertion hole 10, a sensor 6 is inserted in the insertion hole 10, and a detection end of the sensor 6 extends to the inside of the planting cavity through the insertion hole 10.
Further, the chamber is stored to the deep infiltration that has set gradually from the bottom up on the soil permeable formation 1, filter screen supporting bench and seal groove, the delivery port has been seted up to the deep infiltration storage chamber bottom, outlet pipe 9 is connected to the delivery port, filter screen 8 is installed to the filter screen supporting bench, soil permeable formation 1 is used for collecting the deep infiltration moisture that plants the layer infiltration and get off, the seal groove is used for installing the sealing rubber ring, a flow for preventing the moisture in the junction with the removable planting layer, filter screen supporting bench is used for supporting the filter screen, the deep infiltration storage chamber is used for storing the layer infiltration of planting and gets off and through the deep infiltration moisture after the filter screen filters, the delivery port is used for getting rid of deep infiltration moisture.
Further, the irrigation device comprises a flow pipe 11, a sealing plate 12, a rack sliding plate 13, a nozzle sealing cover 14 and a gear 15, a water inlet is installed at the back of the flow pipe 11, an insertion part is connected to the bottom of the flow pipe 11, the insertion part is conical, one side of the flow pipe 11 corresponding to the sealing plate 12 is in an open type arrangement, the sealing plate 12 is clamped at one side of the flow pipe 11 in the open type arrangement, the nozzle sealing cover 14 is in threaded connection with the outer side of the flow pipe 11 corresponding to the sealing plate 12, the rack sliding plate 13 is slidably clamped on the nozzle sealing cover 14, the rack sliding plate 13 is arranged between the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, three water outlets are respectively arranged on the sealing plate 12, the rack sliding plate 13 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, a motor box is installed at the top end of the flow pipe 11, a motor is fixedly installed inside the motor box, a gear 15 is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the motor, a gear groove is arranged at a position corresponding to the gear 15, and is meshed with the gear 15, the gear 15 is driven to rotate by the motor, the gear 15 is meshed with the upper end of the rack sliding plate 13, so that the rack sliding plate 13 is driven to move upwards or downwards, when the rack sliding plate 13 does not move, a water outlet hole is in a closed state and irrigation is not performed, when the rack sliding plate 13 moves upwards, the uppermost water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 is in an open state and the two lower water outlets are in a closed state when the uppermost water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 corresponds to the uppermost water outlet of the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, and the soil layer corresponding to the uppermost water outlet is irrigated; when the rack slider continues to move upwards, when the middle water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 corresponds to the middle water outlet of the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, the uppermost water outlet and the lowermost water outlet are in a closed state, the soil layer corresponding to the middle water outlet is irrigated, when the rack sliding plate 13 continuously moves upwards, the lowermost water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 corresponds to the lowermost water outlet of the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, the uppermost water outlet and the middle water outlet are in a closed state, the soil layer corresponding to the lowermost water outlet is irrigated, when the irrigation is stopped, the rack sliding plate 13 resets to have the water outlet hole to be in a closed state, and the water is not irrigated.
Further, interval beta between the apopore of shower nozzle closing cap 14, the diameter of the apopore of shower nozzle closing cap 14 is D, and then the interval theta scope of 13 apopores of rack slide is: beta + D is not less than theta and not more than 2 beta-D.
Furthermore, the diameter of the water outlet hole of the rack sliding plate 13 is smaller than or equal to that of the water outlet hole of the nozzle sealing cover 14.
Further, root system shearing mechanism is including location fixing base 16, two rotary blade fixing bases 17, fixing base upper cover 21 and lift boss 23, two rotary blade fixing bases 17 articulate on location fixing base 16, install blade 18 on rotary blade fixing base 17's the free end, fixed mounting has rotary blade fixing base 19 on blade 18's the free end, fixing base upper cover 21's the interior joint has lift boss 23, fixing base upper cover 21 installs the top at location fixing base 16.
Further, it has protruding one 4 to plant on 2 positions that layer corresponds location fixing base 16, the inserting groove has been seted up on protruding one 4 one side wall face of keeping away from planting layer 2, location fixing base 16's one end integrated into one piece has the buckle, the buckle is in the same place with the inserted block joint, integrated into one piece has protruding two 5 on the sealed support ring 3 corresponds protruding one 4 positions, location fixing base 16 and fixing base upper cover 21 set up between protruding one 4 and protruding two 5, integrated into one piece has two rotatory protruding axles on the location fixing base 16, rotatory protruding axle rotates with rotatory blade fixing base 17 and links together, fixed recess has been seted up on the fixing base upper cover 21 corresponds rotatory protruding axle position, the fixed slot is in the same place with rotatory protruding axle fixed connection.
Furthermore, the lifting boss 23 is formed by combining two rectangular blocks with different sizes, the bottom mirror image of the lifting boss 23 is provided with two rotating chutes 25, the depths of the two rotating chutes 25 from one end far away from each other to one end close to each other are gradually reduced, the bottom of the fixing base upper cover 21 corresponding to the positions of the rotating chutes 25 is provided with corresponding arc-shaped grooves, the positions of the rotating blade fixing bases 17 corresponding to the protrusions 5 are integrally formed with a rotating slider II 24, the rotating blade fixing bases 19 are integrally formed with a rotating slider I20, the rotating blade fixing bases 19 are fixedly provided with handles, the positions of the planting layer 2 corresponding to the rotating blade fixing bases 19 are integrally formed with back protrusions 22, the positions of the back protrusions 22 corresponding to the rotating slider I20 are integrally formed with arc-shaped grooves, after the positioning fixing bases 16 and the rotating blade fixing bases 17 are clamped between the protrusions I4 and the protrusions II 5, two handles slide, make two blades 18 gather together to one side of being close to each other, rotatory slider two 24 slides gradually the inside to rotatory spout 25 this moment, remove along rotatory spout 25, because rotatory spout 25 becomes shallow gradually, when rotatory blade fixing base 17 laminates gradually, rotatory slider two 24 is gradually with lift boss 23 jack-up that makes progress, make blade 18 enter into more easily and plant and cut the root system between layer 2 and the sealed support ring 3, when two rotatory blade fixing bases 19 are close to gradually, rotatory slider one 20 can be blocked in the arc recess in the protruding 22 in back, the arc recess shape on the protruding 22 in back is always with rotatory spout 25 shape, consequently such setting can be supported sealed support ring 3 from planting layer 2.
When the device is used, before soil is placed, water is filled in the device, the tightness of the sensor of the device and the joint of each layer is checked, the sealing effect reaches the standard, namely when water leakage does not exist, the water outlet of the deep penetration storage layer is opened, water is discharged, and the water outlet is closed after the water is discharged.
And placing the soil into the planting layer, and planting the research crops, wherein the root systems of the crops are required to be completely positioned in the planting layer.
The position of the sensor 6 is adjusted, and the probe of the sensor 6 is completely positioned in the detachable planting layer and is completely contacted with the soil.
And adjusting the position of the vision module, wherein the vision module is vertically opposite to the crop, and the crop is completely positioned in the observation range of the vision module.
After the operation is finished, all the sensors 6 and the vision modules can be started, and the soil moisture content of crops and soil can be monitored and recorded in real time.
The sensor 6 is capable of detecting humidity/temperature/salinity/conductivity. When it is determined that irrigation is needed in a certain layer, the gear 15 is driven to rotate through the motor, the gear 15 is meshed with the upper end of the rack sliding plate 13, so that the rack sliding plate 13 is driven to move upwards or downwards, when the rack sliding plate 13 does not move, a water outlet hole is in a closed state and irrigation is not performed, when the rack sliding plate 13 moves upwards, the uppermost water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 is in an open state, the two lower water outlets are in a closed state and the soil layer corresponding to the uppermost water outlet is irrigated when the uppermost water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 corresponds to the uppermost water outlet of the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14; when the rack slider continues to move upwards, when the middle water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 corresponds to the middle water outlet of the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, the uppermost water outlet and the lowermost water outlet are in a closed state, the soil layer corresponding to the middle water outlet is irrigated, when the rack sliding plate 13 continuously moves upwards, the lowermost water outlet of the rack sliding plate 13 corresponds to the lowermost water outlet of the sealing plate 12 and the nozzle sealing cover 14, the uppermost water outlet and the middle water outlet are in a closed state, the soil layer corresponding to the lowermost water outlet is irrigated, when the irrigation is stopped, the rack sliding plate 13 resets to have the water outlet hole to be in a closed state, and the water is not irrigated.
When the root systems of all the soil layers need to be collected, the root systems of all the soil layers need to be sheared by the root system shearing device.
The root system shearing sequence is from top to bottom.
A shearing step:
firstly, the locking port of the sealing support ring below the planting layer of the root system to be cut is loosened, and the sealing support ring is moved upwards for a distance H and locked. If the height of the root system shearing device except the buckle is h 1 The maximum lifting distance of the lifting block is h 2 Then H has a value range of
The height of the detachable planting layer can be adjusted by adjusting H, preferably
The rising height of the detachable planting layer is h 2 。
The root shear opens the blade 18 at an angle greater than 120 degrees. Insert the buckle of root system shearing mechanism in the protruding 4 draw-in grooves of the removable planting layer of below, the top of root system shearing mechanism cooperates with the protruding two 5 constant head tanks of sealed support ring 3 simultaneously for root system shearing mechanism can fix.
After the root system shearing device is fixed, the handle is held to close the root system shearing device, and a rotary blade fixing seat of the shearing device and a rotary slide block on a cutter head sleeve are matched with corresponding sliding grooves in the closing process, so that the time target can be used for separating the planting layer and lifting up the planting layer, a gap is generated at the junction of the planting layer, and the shearing is facilitated; the shearing device is gradually closed, and the target root system is sheared at the moment until the root system is completely closed and is completely sheared.
And after shearing, the root shearing device is dismantled, the target detachable planting layer is taken down, and the in-layer root system is collected.
Because the root distribution condition of each soil layer is known according to the layered irrigation requirement of the root distribution, each soil layer needs to be monitored, a device capable of monitoring crops and soil is needed, and the detachable layered monitoring device is designed. The detachable layered monitoring device mainly comprises a planting layer and a deep penetration layer. The planting layers are areas where root systems grow, the proper number of layers can be selected according to the specific conditions of the crop root systems, and the planting layers are connected and installed by the sealing support rings, so that the interchangeability is good; the deep permeable layer is used for collecting deep permeable water after water is poured into the planting layer and can avoid water accumulation of the planting layer. Each small layer of the planting layer is provided with a sensor, so that the conditions of soil moisture and the like of the corresponding soil layer can be monitored conveniently; and the visual module is fixed at the uppermost end of the planting layer by utilizing a bracket and is used for monitoring the overground part of the crop. The part not only can realize the layered monitoring of the underground part and the soil moisture content of the crops, but also can monitor the overground part of the crops.
The device can collect indexes such as layer water consumption, layer water storage variation, effective rainfall, layer water migration amount, submerged penetration amount after irrigation, plant height growth amount and the like, is favorable for researching the correlation between each index and root distribution, is used for establishing a high-precision root distribution prediction model, can be used for researching the migration rule of water after irrigation in soil, and can provide accurate data for all parameters in a water balance equation. The device is not only used for researching the root system, but also can be used for multiple research directions of soil water dynamics, and has positive significance for research on subjects such as crops and soil.
Water balance method:
ET＝ΔW+I+P 0 +K-D T
in the formula, ET: water consumption in different irrigation periods is mm;
Δ W: the variable quantity of the water stored in the soil in the irrigation period is mm;
i: the irrigation quantity in the irrigation period is mm;
P 0 : effective rainfall, mm, in the irrigation period;
k: groundwater recharge amount in irrigation cycle, mm (this device is 0 because there is no groundwater recharge);
D T : the deep layer leakage in the irrigation period is mm.
The crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the detachable layered monitoring device can monitor the soil moisture content of the overground part, the underground part and the soil, and collect indexes related to root systems of all soil layers, the device has interchangeability, the number of layers of planting layers can be adjusted through the depth of crop roots, the device is suitable for shallow root crops and deep root crops, the universality and the interchangeability are high, the problem of using one crop is solved, resources are greatly saved, and good environmental protection benefits are achieved. Besides being used for root system research, the device can also be used for related research on soil hydrodynamics, meets the research on the related aspects of soil, water and fertilizer and crops, and provides a good experimental platform for the technical research on the related aspects.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for stratified irrigation which characterized in that: it includes soil permeable formation (1), be provided with three planting layer (2) on soil permeable formation (1), per two are planted and are connected with sealed support ring (3) between layer (2), sealed support ring (3) and planting layer (2) have constituteed complete planting chamber, and planting intracavity portion is provided with plants soil, it has irrigation equipment (7) to plant intracavity portion grafting, be provided with root system shearing mechanism between sealed support ring (3) and the planting layer (2), every peg graft and have all been seted up on layer (2), peg graft in peg graft hole (10) and have connect sensor (6).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: soil permeable formation (1) is last to have set gradually deep infiltration storage chamber, filter screen brace table and seal groove from the bottom up, the delivery port has been seted up to deep infiltration storage chamber bottom, outlet pipe (9) are connected to the delivery port, install filter screen (8) on the filter screen brace table.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: the irrigation device comprises a flow pipe (11), a sealing plate (12), a rack sliding plate (13), a spray head sealing cover (14) and a gear (15), wherein a water inlet is arranged at the back of the flow pipe (11), an insertion part is connected to the bottom of the flow pipe (11), the insertion part is conical, one side of the flow pipe (11) corresponding to the sealing plate (12) is arranged in an open mode, the sealing plate (12) is clamped at one side of the flow pipe (11) in the open mode, the spray head sealing cover (14) is in threaded connection with the outer side of the flow pipe (11) corresponding to the sealing plate (12), the rack sliding plate (13) is slidably clamped on the spray head sealing cover (14), the rack sliding plate (13) is arranged between the sealing plate (12) and the spray head sealing cover (14), three water outlets are formed in the sealing plate (12), the rack sliding plate (13) and the spray head sealing cover (14), a motor box is installed at the top end of the flow pipe (11), and a motor is fixedly installed in the motor box, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly provided with a gear (15), a gear groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the gear (15), of the gear (15), and the gear groove is meshed with the gear (15).
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: interval beta between the apopore of shower nozzle closing cap (14), the diameter of the apopore of shower nozzle closing cap (14) is D, and then the interval theta scope of rack slide (13) apopore is: beta + D is not less than theta and not more than 2 beta-D.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: the diameter of the water outlet hole of the rack sliding plate (13) is smaller than or equal to that of the water outlet hole of the spray head sealing cover (14).
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: root system shearing mechanism is including location fixing base (16), two spinning blade fixing base (17), fixing base upper cover (21) and lift boss (23), and two spinning blade fixing base (17) articulate on location fixing base (16), install blade (18) on the free end of spinning blade fixing base (17), fixed mounting has spinning blade fixing base (19) on the free end of blade (18), the interior joint of fixing base upper cover (21) has lift boss (23), and the top at location fixing base (16) is installed in fixing base upper cover (21).
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: a first bulge (4) is integrally formed on the planting layer (2) at the position corresponding to the positioning fixing seat (16), a plug-in groove is arranged on the side wall surface of the first bulge (4) far away from the planting layer (2), a buckle is integrally formed at one end of the positioning fixed seat (16) and is clamped with the insertion block together, a second bulge (5) is integrally formed on the position of the sealing support ring (3) corresponding to the first bulge (4), the positioning fixed seat (16) and the fixed seat upper cover (21) are arranged between the first bulge (4) and the second bulge (5), two rotary convex shafts are integrally formed on the positioning fixed seat (16), the rotary convex shafts are rotationally connected with the rotary blade fixed seat (17), and a fixing groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the rotary convex shaft, of the fixing seat upper cover (21), and the fixing groove is fixedly connected with the rotary convex shaft.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system comprises: the bottom mirror image of lift boss (23) is provided with two rotatory spout (25), and two rotatory spout (25) are from the one end of keeping away from each other to the one end inslot degree of depth that is close to each other shallowly gradually, and the bottom of fixing base upper cover (21) corresponds and has seted up corresponding arc wall on rotatory spout (25) position, integrated into one piece has rotatory slider two (24) on rotatory blade fixing base (17) corresponds the position of protruding two (5), integrated into one piece has rotatory slider one (20) on rotatory blade fixing base (19), and fixed mounting has the handle on rotatory blade fixing base (19), integrated into one piece has back arch (22) on planting layer (2) corresponds the position of rotatory blade fixing base (19), integrated into one piece has the arc recess on the protruding (22) in back corresponds the position of rotatory slider one (20).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210572839.7A CN114885702B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layered irrigation |
| PCT/CN2023/094052 WO2023226800A1 (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-12 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layered irrigation |
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| CN202210572839.7A CN114885702B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layered irrigation |
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| CN114885702A true CN114885702A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
| CN114885702B CN114885702B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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| CN (1) | CN114885702B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023226800A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023226800A1 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-30 | 广州大学 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layered irrigation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117606849B (en) * | 2024-01-22 | 2024-05-07 | 黑龙江省林业科学院伊春分院 | Wetland soil collection system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN114885702B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
| WO2023226800A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
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