CN108680441A - Measure the pilot system and test method of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic - Google Patents
Measure the pilot system and test method of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN108680441A CN108680441A CN201810531482.1A CN201810531482A CN108680441A CN 108680441 A CN108680441 A CN 108680441A CN 201810531482 A CN201810531482 A CN 201810531482A CN 108680441 A CN108680441 A CN 108680441A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The pilot system of the present invention for measuring side slope plant radical operators mechanical characteristic; it is excavated including surrounding a certain plant protectiveness; soil where plant is set to build centrally located I-shaped experiment heatable adobe sleeping platform, Vertical loading group, horizontal step load force group, shear displacemant measurement group; in the I-shaped wherein heatable adobe sleeping platform of a wing a stifled cob wall is reserved with close to plant soil base; it defines after this hole is and cheats, an opposite wing is preceding hole；The Vertical loading group by being built across plant soil and both sides ground surface, and reserve the Vertical loading plate in the gap passed through for plant, be used to support Vertical loading plate is symmetricly set on the ground surface of both sides and plant soil is built three groups of support columns, be deposited in plant soil build right over heap loading composition on Vertical loading plate；The horizontal addload force group includes multilayer shear box, multilayer soil pressure cell, polylith backing plate, vertical pull rod and pulley.System of the present invention can different depth radical operators mechanical characteristic in Simultaneous Determination side slope.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological slope protection fields, and in particular to a kind of measurement side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic examination
Check system and method.
Background technology
In recent years, with Global climate change, the destruction of the deterioration of natural environment and vegetation, there are more and more cunnings
Slope and mud-rock flow.It the reinforcing on side slope and riverbank and is also taken seriously steadily in the long term and its increasingly with the compatibility of ecological environment,
Therefore ecological revetment and ecological revetment technology are increasingly favored by engineers and technicians.But people are using slope vegetation protection
In the design and construction of shore protection, it tends to be difficult to the mechanical characteristic of Accurate Determining side slope plant different depth root-stem relation.If
The Shear Strength Index of the soil layer of different depth Root Distribution is generally taken by a mean value in meter, and empirical obtaining value method was both
Inaccuracy is also difficult to reflect the actual stress deformation failure mechanism of plant.
Direct shear apparatus, simple shear apparatus, ring shear apparatus are commonly used in laboratory at present to measure soil shear strength.Four are commonly used in laboratory
A soil sample applies horizontal loading under different vertical pressure and is sheared in the hope of the shear stress on fixed failure mechanics, then respectively
Determine soil classifiction parameter internal friction angle and cohesiveness.Two shear boxs are simple in structure, easy to operate up and down for direct shear apparatus, examination
General soil sample is placed in shear box when testing, and in certain normal pressure down cut, shearing alternate displacement occurs.Not only so that shearing
Resistance to shear of soil near face is uneven, and its deformation condition and actual conditions are quite different, after the upper box of shear direction
The soil body of side-walls squeezes obviously, and the soil body at front side wall loosens, all so as to cause the distribution of shear surface stress and strain
Uneven, stringency of test reduces.In addition the soil body usually within the scope of the certain distance of actual shearing face has in various degree
It is shear-deformable.The structure of the stacked ring type shear box of simple shear apparatus is slightly more complicated than direct shear apparatus, and sample is located at the circle that several overlappings are placed
In ring, annulus and soil sample are placed on pedestal, and pedestal moves in the horizontal direction, while the pressurization cover board at the top of sample being kept to fix not
It is dynamic.After shear-deformable generation, sample top horizontal causes the folded ring of sample to upwarp on one side to fixation, vertical in sample to make
Stress distribution is uneven.Can have apart from a certain range of soil body of shear surface in experiment it is shear-deformable, with it is practical relatively, but
Stress distribution on shear surface is still uneven, especially when shear-deformable larger.Ring shear apparatus is squeezed there is no boundary causes sample
Stress distribution unevenness situation can be used at sample center ring as long as the thickness of sample circumferential direction is sufficiently small compared to the diameter of ring
Shear displacemant and shear stress represent displacement and stress on entire shear surface, thus shearing stress distribution unevenness will not cause too big mistake
Difference.But since the shear displacemant on radial direction shear surface is different, also result in shearing stress distribution unevenness, and structure compared with
It is complicated, using also inconvenient.
It is inspired along stationary plane shearing soil sample with measuring soil classifiction way by laboratory, people often use one
Big direct shear box entangles the soil body of different depth around live plant and its root system, and then applying horizontal force makes the box bottom surface soil body
It is cut with root system, to measure root system-soil classifiction on certain depth fixed shear face.This way is due to before the test
Excavation must just root out the root system around direct shear box when testing pits, and leave behind the root system on shear box bottom surface；Root system in direct shear box
All be with the soil body translation of rigid body and stress, root system and the soil body with shear box be difficult to play root-soil collective effect need it is perpendicular
The condition deformed to deformation and horizontal shear；And the shearing resistance that soil body weight stress generates on the single fixed shear face of setting
Intensity is increasing along depth, and test result is often difficult to screen the shearing strength that root system is provided on same shear surface.Separately
Outside, it is well known that from earth's surface, distribution pattern is usually root system down：Lateral root distribution in top is wide, it is long and it is thick, fibrous root is more, different deep
The taproot and lateral root of degree is in different distribution, and the collective effect of root system and the soil body is different in different depth, generally more past
More it is different from the Root Distribution on top down, test result is difficult to the true spatial distribution for comprehensively reflecting root system and its shearing resistance and resists
Influence of the drawing property to its fixation.It is therefore, traditional that only there are one the experiment sides of the root-stem relation in fixed shear face
Method is the root-stem relation mechanical property it is difficult in the entire plant root depth bounds of reflection.
Therefore, for the experiment side of common above-mentioned three kinds of shearings instrument-direct shear apparatus, simple shear apparatus, ring shear apparatus in laboratory
The advantage and disadvantage of method, and the deficiency of scene or the single fixed shear face test method of indoor root-stem relation at present, there is an urgent need to
Research and develop the pilot system and test method of a kind of novel measuring deckle slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic.
Invention content
The present invention is intended to provide pilot system and the experiment of a kind of novel measuring deckle slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic
Method.
The present invention is based in the state natural sciences fund general project (No ground:51579167) subsidy.
The pilot system of novel measuring deckle of the present invention slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic, including surround a certain
Plant protectiveness is excavated, and so that soil where plant is built centrally located I-shaped experiment heatable adobe sleeping platform, Vertical loading group, horizontal step and is added
Load-force group, shear displacemant measurement group are reserved with a stifled cob wall in the I-shaped wherein heatable adobe sleeping platform of a wing close to plant soil base, fixed
This hole of justice is cheated after being, an opposite wing is preceding hole；The Vertical loading group and is reserved by being built across plant soil and both sides ground surface
Go out the Vertical loading plate in the gap passed through for plant, be used to support Vertical loading plate and be symmetricly set on the ground surface of both sides and plant
The native three groups of support columns built, the heap loading composition being deposited in right over plant soil base on Vertical loading plate, are used for plant soil
It builds and applies normal stress；Horizontal addload-the force group includes multilayer shear box, multilayer soil pressure cell, polylith backing plate, vertical drawing
Bar and pulley, the shear box is built along plant soil is mounted on different height, and multiple soil pressure cells are separately mounted to cob wall and every
Between a shear box, cob wall back side corresponding plants soil builds position and fixes multiple parallel lateral pads along cob wall height patch wall with width
Plate, the vertical pull rod corresponding plants soil build center, are close in being cheated after backing plate is embedded in, and height is higher than cob wall；The pulley
In the heatable adobe sleeping platform that the front end earth's surface cheated before being fixed on is excavated, pulley is configured with drag-line and counterweight, and drag-line one end connects weight around pulley
Code, the other end are fixed on pull rod top, and for applying horizontal thrust to shear box, pulling force sensor and its number are equipped on drag-line
According to Acquisition Instrument；The shear displacemant measurement group is corresponded to by being embedded in two vertical columns of both sides in preceding hole, being mounted on column
The up-front overhanging scale of every layer of shear box or LVDT displacement sensors are used for the horizontal shear displacement monitoring of every layer of shear box.
Further, every layer of shear box is rectangular box, and every layer of four wall of framework is by several vertical and parallel moulding
It is spaced apart to be combined into grating type, reserve the gap passed through for plant root.
Further, the Vertical loading plate is the steel plate that two piece of one marginal belt has semicircle vacancy, and every piece across plant
Soil is built and ground surface, and clear edge is staggered relatively is combined into an open circles, reserves the gap passed through for plant.
Further, three groups of support columns of Vertical loading plate are built by earth bag into the earth bag support in the earth's surface of test pit two sides
The top layer of column replaces earth bag with the plastic bottle for filling water, so that the plastic bottle of water will symmetrically be filled in both sides in on-test
Unscrewing releasing water makes the earth bag pillar on load plate and both sides be detached from, so that the gravity of preloading is all made by Vertical loading plate
With on the soil body that plant soil is built, apply normal stress.
Further, different depth is embedded with suction sensor and moisture sensor in cob wall, is used for stress or rainfall
The suction and porous media of the front and back soil body and the measurement of changing rule.
Further, vertical pull rod lower end is embedded to certain depth in the soil body and anchors, and by being arranged in pull rod and heatable adobe sleeping platform
Solid bottom jack between side wall is withstood, to enhance its anchoring ability after resisting tension.
The shearing experiment side of root-stem relation under step horizontal loading provided by the invention based on above-mentioned pilot system
Method：Arrange the pilot system；The plastic bottle on the support column upper layer of Vertical loading plate on the ground surface of test pit two sides is unscrewed
Water is released, so that Vertical loading plate and earth bag pillar is detached from stress, so that the gravity of preloading is all made by Vertical loading plate
With on the soil body that plant soil is built, apply normal stress；The gravity of the counterweight on the multistage loadings of drag-line one end on pulley, counterweight turns
Become drag-line to the pulling force of vertical pull rod, pull rod made to occur bending and deformation, after pull rod stress by the backing plate be close to cob wall to
Cob wall applies horizontal earth pressure, and horizontal earth pressure is delivered to each layer soil pressure cell before cob wall and shear box to apply water
Flat-pushing power, to push the shear box of each layer to move.Each layer shear box is when occurring different level shear displacemant by step point
The horizontal thrust of cloth.Horizontal thrust is recorded by soil pressure cell, change in displacement by the up-front overhanging scale of every layer of shear box or
LVDT displacement sensors, vertical load remain unchanged, and draw horizontal loading-shear displacemant or the conversion of multilayer measuring point
The relation curve of each layer shear stress and shear displacemant, to study the shearing resistance stress and deformation characteristic of root-stem relation, and it is different
The root system of spatial distribution improves the ability of soil body ductility.
In above-mentioned shearing test method, when excavation is tested pits, the shear box of installation multilayer build-up is built around plant soil, according to
Plant root distribution characteristics arranges that shear box grating type side wall, corresponding every layer of shear box install soil at it close to the stress side of cob wall
Pressure cell, the side adjustment spacing that do not stress at other three make root system pass through grid gap so that experiment process need not cut shearing
Root system around box, to protect plant.
Root-stem relation tries without confined compression under vertical load provided by the invention step by step based on above-mentioned pilot system
Proved recipe method：Using only Vertical loading, shear box is not used, plant soil base surrounding (is only excavated heatable adobe sleeping platform and installed vertical add without lateral spacing
Load group), dial gauge is installed outside loading stress range on Vertical loading plate, the sedimentation for measuring Vertical loading plate；By both sides
The plastic bottle on 2 groups of support column upper layers of Vertical loading plate unscrews releasing water on bank ground, keeps Vertical loading plate and earth bag pillar de-
From stress heap is continuously increased so that the gravity of preloading is all acted on the soil body at plant soil base by Vertical loading plate
Loading quantity applies normal stress, whole process horizontal-less thrust step by step；It records under every grade of vertical uniform load q after settlement stability
Numerical value, draw vertical load-settlement relationship curve, to study the vertical applied force and deformation characteristic of root-stem relation, and not
The root system of isospace distribution improves the ability of soil body ductility.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1, pilot system of the present invention can be with different depth root-stem relation mechanical characteristic in Simultaneous Determination side slope.
2, cob wall spacer techniques, the load for pull rod being passed to backing plate is used to pass through flexible cob wall in the method for the present invention
It transmits, be converted into horizontal direction distributed load, then pass to the soil pressure cell of the cob wall other side, soil pressure will not be changed in this way
Horizontal direction, to ensure that the horizontal force of multilayer shear box terraced distribution.
3, pilot system of the present invention can retain since shear box side wall reserves multiple gaps using grid jigsaw
Root system outside shear box is not required to cut during the test, so as to more precisely assess the root system of one plant of shrub and arbor plant
Whole solid-holding capacity.
4, pilot system shown in the present invention facilitates the different depth in cob wall and buries suction and moisture sensor, so as to
Synchronize the suction and porous media rule of the side slope different depth soil body before and after measuring stress.
5, test system architecture shown in the present invention is simple, easy to use.
6, pilot system of the present invention utilizes multilayer soil pressure cell and LVDT displacement sensors, directly measures multilayer measuring point
Step horizontal loading-shear displacemant relation curve, it is uneven to avoid shearing stress distribution in background technology on fixed shear face
The problem that even, stringency of test reduces.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is plane (vertical view) figure of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the distribution map that experiment root system of the present invention passes through shear box side wall grid gap；
Fig. 4 is the force diagram of multilayer shear box of the present invention (number is from top to bottom)；
Fig. 5 is the side view of unconfined compression test device of the present invention.
In figure, 1- Vertical loadings plate (load plate), 2- support columns (plastic box or bottle that include its top dress water), 3- preloadings
Object, 4- multilayers soil pressure cell, 5- multilayers shear box, 6- backing plates, 7- cob walls, 8- pull rods, 9- consolidate bottom jack (and corollary apparatus),
10- drag-lines, 11- pulleys, 12- counterweights (or other weights), 13- A-frames, 14- scales or LVDT displacement sensors, 15- are drawn
Force snesor and its data collecting instrument, 16- vertical columns, 17- suction sensor, 18- moisture sensors, 19- plant and its
Root system, 20- dial gauges.
In figure and in following embodiment, Vertical loading plate, multilayer shear box can be processed by market and be customized, multilayer soil pressure
Box, solid bottom jack (and corollary apparatus), scale or LVDT displacement sensors, pulling force sensor and its data collecting instrument, suction
Sensor, moisture sensor, dial gauge etc. can buy commodity from market.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific implementation mode to novel measuring deckle of the present invention slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic
Pilot system and test method are described further.
Embodiment 1
The pilot system of novel measuring deckle slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic described in the present embodiment, such as Fig. 1-3 institutes
Show, including surround a certain plant protectiveness and excavate, soil where plant is made to build centrally located I-shaped experiment heatable adobe sleeping platform, Vertical loading
Group, horizontal step load-force group, shear displacemant measurement group are built close to plant soil in the I-shaped wherein heatable adobe sleeping platform of a wing reserved
There is a stifled cob wall 7, defines after this hole is and cheat, an opposite wing is preceding hole；
The Vertical loading group by across plant soil build and both sides ground surface, and reserve the gap passed through for plant hang down
Straight load plate 1, be used to support Vertical loading plate be symmetricly set on three groups of support columns 2 that on the ground surface of both sides and plant soil is built,
It is deposited in the heap loading 3 that plant soil is built on the Vertical loading plate of surface to form, applies normal stress for being built to plant soil；It hangs down
Informing load plate, to be two piece of one marginal belt have the steel plate of semicircle vacancy, and every piece is built and ground surface across plant soil, and vacancy side
Edge is staggered relatively to be combined into an open circles, reserves the gap passed through for plant.Two end-rack of load plate is in experiment two lateral brace of heatable adobe sleeping platform
On, intermediate pressure in plant soil body surface, avoid plant and be placed in the load plate of this three groups of supports by heap loading.Vertical loading plate
Three groups of support columns are built by earth bag at the top layer of the earth bag support column in the earth's surface of test pit two sides is replaced with the plastic bottle for filling water
Earth bag, so that the plastic bottle for filling water is symmetrically unscrewed and releases water and make the earth bag on load plate and both sides by both sides in on-test
Pillar is detached from, so that the gravity of preloading is all acted on the soil body at plant soil base by Vertical loading plate, applies normal direction
Stress.Compared to traditional weight preloading, the way that joint jack back-pressure provides normal stress more saves trouble.
Horizontal addload-the force group includes multilayer shear box 5, multilayer soil pressure cell 4, polylith backing plate 6, vertical pull rod 8
And pulley 11, the shear box build the multilayer mounted on different height along plant soil, shear box is rectangular box, every layer of framework
Four walls are combined into grating type by several vertical and parallel moulding is spaced apart, reserve the gap passed through for plant root.
Multiple soil pressure cells are separately mounted between cob wall and each shear box, and cob wall back side corresponding plants soil builds position and width along soil
Wall height patch wall fixes multiple parallel lateral backing plates 6, and the vertical pull rod corresponding plants soil builds center, is close to backing plate and is embedded in
In cheating afterwards, and height is higher than cob wall；In the heatable adobe sleeping platform that the front end earth's surface that the pulley is cheated before being fixed on is excavated, pass through A-frame 13
Fixed, pulley is configured with drag-line 10 and counterweight 12, and drag-line one end connects counterweight around pulley, and the other end is fixed on pull rod top,
For applying horizontal thrust to multilayer shear box, pulling force sensor and its data collecting instrument 15 are installed on drag-line.Vertical pull rod
Lower end is embedded to certain depth in the soil body and anchors, and the solid bottom jack 9 by being arranged between pull rod and heatable adobe sleeping platform side wall is withstood,
To enhance its anchoring ability after resisting tension.
The shear displacemant measurement group by hole before being embedded in two vertical columns 16, be mounted on column and correspond to every layer
The up-front overhanging scale of shear box or LVDT displacement sensors 14 are used for the horizontal shear displacement monitoring of every layer of shear box.Column
Far from shear box area of stress influence, overhanging scale or LVDT displacement sensors thereon is in every layer of shear box leading edge.
Different depth is embedded with suction sensor 17 and moisture sensor 18 in cob wall, for soil before and after stress or rainfall
The suction and porous media of body and the measurement of changing rule.
Embodiment 2
Based on pilot system described in embodiment 1, vertical load is constant, carries out root-stem relation under step horizontal loading
Shearing experiment method, excavation are tested pits, and the pilot system is arranged, and the shear box of installation multilayer build-up is built around plant soil, right
Should every layer of shear box soil pressure cell is installed close to the stress side of cob wall at it, the lateral root that do not stress at other three is according to plant root point
Cloth arranges that shear box grating type side wall, adjustment spacing make root system pass through grid gap so that experiment process need not cut shear box
The root system of surrounding, to protect plant.Corresponding every layer of shear box installs soil pressure cell at it close to the stress side of cob wall, for supervising
The soil pressure of the horizontal terraced distribution of every layer of shear box is surveyed, while measuring the geostatic shield of the soil body and change before and after stress or rainfall
Law.The plastic bottle on the support column upper layer of Vertical loading plate on the ground surface of test pit two sides is unscrewed into releasing water, makes vertically to add
Support plate and earth bag pillar are detached from stress, so that the gravity of preloading all acts on the soil at plant soil base by Vertical loading plate
On body, apply normal stress；The counterweight on the multistage loadings of drag-line one end on pulley, the gravity of counterweight are changed into drag-line to vertically drawing
The pulling force of bar pushes the shear box of each layer to move (stress is as shown in Figure 4), water to apply horizontal thrust to shear box step by step
Flat-pushing power is recorded by soil pressure cell, and change in displacement is surveyed by the up-front overhanging scale of every layer of shear box or LVDT displacement sensors
Amount, vertical load remain unchanged, and draw horizontal loading-shear displacemant of multilayer measuring point or each layer shear stress and the shearing of conversion
The relation curve of displacement, with study root-stem relation shearing resistance stress and deformation characteristic and different spaces distribution root system change
The ability of kind soil body ductility.
Embodiment 3
Based on pilot system described in embodiment 1, do not apply horizontal loading, carries out root-stem relation under multi-stage vertical load
Without confined compression test：Using only Vertical loading, builds surrounding without using shear box plant soil and enclosed when excavation is tested pits without lateral spacing
It is distributed and is excavated according to plant root around plant so that experiment process need not cut root system, to protect plant.In Vertical loading plate
Dial gauge 20 is installed, dial gauge is mounted on Vertical loading plate, and dial framework is not added at peripheral stabilization outside upper loading stress range
Carrying the range of stress influences.Sedimentation for measuring Vertical loading plate；By the support column upper layer of Vertical loading plate on the bank ground of both sides
Plastic bottle unscrew releasing water, so that Vertical loading plate and earth bag pillar is detached from stress, so that the gravity of preloading all passes through
Vertical loading plate acts on the soil body at plant soil base, is continuously increased heap loading quantity, applies normal stress, whole process step by step
Horizontal-less thrust；The numerical value after settlement stability under every grade of vertical uniform load q is recorded, vertical load-settlement relationship curve is drawn,
To study the energy of the vertical applied force and deformation characteristic and the root system improvement soil body ductility of different spaces distribution of root-stem relation
Power.
Claims (10)
1. measuring the pilot system of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic, it is characterised in that protected including surrounding a certain plant
Shield property is excavated, and soil where plant is made to build centrally located I-shaped experiment heatable adobe sleeping platform, Vertical loading group, horizontal step load-stress
Group, shear displacemant measurement group are reserved with a stifled cob wall (7) close to plant soil base in the I-shaped wherein heatable adobe sleeping platform of a wing, define this
Hole is cheated after being, an opposite wing is preceding hole；The Vertical loading group and reserves confession by being built across plant soil and both sides ground surface
The Vertical loading plate (1) in the gap that plant passes through is used to support Vertical loading plate and is symmetricly set on the ground surface of both sides and plant
Three groups of support columns (2) that soil is built, be deposited in plant soil build right over heap loading (3) composition on Vertical loading plate, for pair
Plant soil, which is built, applies normal stress；Horizontal addload-the force group includes multilayer shear box (5), multilayer soil pressure cell (4), more
Block backing plate (6), vertical pull rod (8) and pulley (11), the shear box is built along plant soil is mounted on different height, multilayer soil pressure
Power box is separately mounted between cob wall and each shear box, and cob wall back side corresponding plants soil is built position and width and pasted along cob wall height
Wall fixes multiple parallel lateral backing plates (6), and the vertical pull rod corresponding plants soil builds center, is close to cheat after backing plate is embedded in
In, and height is higher than cob wall；In the heatable adobe sleeping platform that the front end earth's surface that the pulley is cheated before being fixed on is excavated, pulley is configured with drag-line (10)
With counterweight (12), drag-line one end connects counterweight around pulley, and the other end is fixed on pull rod top, for applying to multilayer shear box
Horizontal thrust is equipped with pulling force sensor and its data collecting instrument (15) on drag-line；The shear displacemant measurement group is by being embedded in
Two vertical columns (16) of both sides in preceding hole are mounted in upright bar and correspond to the up-front overhanging scale of every layer of shear box or LVDT
Displacement sensor (14) is used for the horizontal shear displacement monitoring of every layer of shear box.
2. measuring the pilot system of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It is rectangular box to state every layer of shear box, and every layer of four wall of framework is combined into grid by several vertical and parallel moulding is spaced apart
Formula reserves the gap passed through for plant root.
3. measuring the pilot system of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating Vertical loading plate, to be two piece of one marginal belt have the steel plate of semicircle vacancy, and every piece is built and ground surface across plant soil, and vacancy
Edge is staggered relatively to be combined into an open circles, reserves the gap passed through for plant.
4. measuring the pilot system of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that hang down
Three groups of support columns of straight load plate are built by earth bag at the top layer of the earth bag support column in the earth's surface of test pit two sides, which uses, fills water
Plastic bottle (case) replaces earth bag, so that the plastic bottle for filling water is symmetrically unscrewed and releases water and make load by both sides in on-test
Plate and the earth bag pillar on both sides are detached from, so that the gravity of preloading all acts on the soil at plant soil base by Vertical loading plate
On body, apply normal stress.
5. measuring the pilot system of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that soil
Different depth is embedded with suction sensor (17) and moisture sensor (18) in wall, the suction for the soil body before and after stress or rainfall
The measurement of power and porous media and changing rule.
6. measuring the pilot system of side slope plant root-stem relation mechanical characteristic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that perpendicular
It is embedded to certain depth in the soil body to pull rod lower end and anchors, and the solid bottom jack by being arranged between pull rod and heatable adobe sleeping platform side wall
(9) it withstands, to enhance its anchoring ability after resisting tension.
7. the shearing experiment method of root-stem relation under the step horizontal loading based on pilot system described in claim 1, special
Sign is, arranges the pilot system；By the plastics on 2 groups of support column upper layers of Vertical loading plate on the ground surface of test pit two sides
Bottle unscrews releasing water, and Vertical loading plate and earth bag pillar is made to be detached from stress, so that the gravity of preloading is all by vertically adding
Support plate acts on the soil body at plant soil base, applies normal stress；The counterweight on the multistage loadings of drag-line one end on pulley, counterweight
Gravity is changed into pulling force of the drag-line to vertical pull rod, to apply step horizontal thrust to multilayer shear box step by step, pushes each layer
Shear box movement, horizontal thrust recorded by soil pressure cell, change in displacement by the up-front overhanging scale of every layer of shear box or
LVDT displacement sensors, vertical load remain unchanged, and draw horizontal loading-shear displacemant or the conversion of multilayer measuring point
The relation curve of each layer shear stress and shear displacemant, to study the shearing resistance stress and deformation characteristic of root-stem relation, and it is different
The root system of spatial distribution improves the ability of soil body ductility.
8. according to claim 7 under step horizontal loading root-stem relation shearing experiment method, which is characterized in that open
When digging is tested pits, the shear box of installation multilayer build-up is built around plant soil, corresponding every layer of shear box is at it close to the stress side of cob wall
Soil pressure cell is installed, in other three sides that do not stress, arrangement shear box grating type side wall is distributed according to plant root, adjusts spacing
Root system is set to pass through grid gap so that experiment process need not cut the root system around shear box, to protect plant.
9. according to claim 7 under step horizontal loading root-stem relation shearing experiment method, it is characterised in that it is corresponding
Every layer of shear box installs soil pressure cell at it close to the stress side of cob wall, the horizontal terraced distribution for monitoring every layer of shear box
Soil pressure, while measuring the geostatic shield and changing rule of the soil body before and after stress or rainfall.
10. according to claim 1 under the vertical load step by step of pilot system root-stem relation unconfined compression test side
Method, which is characterized in that Vertical loading is used only, installs dial gauge (20) outside loading stress range on Vertical loading plate, is used for
Measure the sedimentation of Vertical loading plate；The plastic bottle on 2 groups of support column upper layers of Vertical loading plate on the bank ground of both sides is unscrewed into releasing
Water makes Vertical loading plate and earth bag pillar be detached from stress, so that the gravity of preloading is all acted on by Vertical loading plate
On the soil body that plant soil is built, it is continuously increased heap loading quantity, applies normal stress, whole process horizontal-less thrust step by step；Record
Numerical value under every grade of vertical uniform load q after settlement stability draws vertical load-settlement relationship curve, compound to study root-soil
The root system of vertical applied force and deformation characteristic and the different spaces distribution of body improves the ability of soil body ductility.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN112577833A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multilayer reinforced soil drawing tester suitable for coarse-grained filler of cold region roadbed |
| CN113075058A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-06 | 云南农业大学 | Underwater root soil complex in-situ shearing device |
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| CN111044385A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 国际竹藤中心 | Bamboo load resistance measuring device and bamboo load resistance measuring method |
| CN112577833A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multilayer reinforced soil drawing tester suitable for coarse-grained filler of cold region roadbed |
| CN113075058A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-07-06 | 云南农业大学 | Underwater root soil complex in-situ shearing device |
| CN113092283A (en) * | 2021-04-17 | 2021-07-09 | 西安科技大学 | Device and method for analyzing mechanical characteristics of soil under action of plant root system |
| CN113092283B (en) * | 2021-04-17 | 2022-09-27 | 西安科技大学 | Device and method for analyzing mechanical characteristics of soil under action of plant root system |
| CN113533119A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-22 | 郑为香 | Centrifugal wetland plant habitat detection device |
| CN114885702A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-12 | 广州大学 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collecting system for layered irrigation |
| CN114885702B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-05-26 | 广州大学 | Crop and soil monitoring and root system data collection system for layered irrigation |
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