CN111338270B

CN111338270B - Small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system based on slope water supply

Info

Publication number: CN111338270B
Application number: CN202010266007.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何孟�; 龙莉; 徐明曦; 张晓波; 李磊; 王庭龙
Original assignee: Sichuan Dashei Environmental Construction Co ltd; HYDRAULIC SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SICHUAN PROVINCE
Current assignee: Sichuan Dashei Environmental Construction Co ltd; HYDRAULIC SCIENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF SICHUAN PROVINCE
Priority date: 2020-04-07
Filing date: 2020-04-07
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-07
Also published as: CN111338270A

Abstract

The application discloses small region agricultural irrigation water consumption monitored control system based on domatic water that comes, including central processing unit, first water flow monitoring devices, second water flow monitoring devices, third water flow monitoring devices, farmland water level monitoring devices, data storage device, irrigation valve controlling means. The construction period is short, and the application range is wide. The water measuring facilities are all produced in a standardized way, adopt an integrated structure, complete set processing and debugging are completed in a factory, and the water measuring facilities can be directly installed on a channel on site and can be used, so that the requirements on the channel on site are not high, the data transmission is not limited by distance and environmental factors, and the application range is wide. The reliability is high. The equipment adopts a battery for power supply, a waterproof and dustproof integrated structure and is made of stainless steel, so that the stability and reliability of the system are greatly improved.

Description

Small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system based on slope water supply

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, and particularly relates to a slope water inflow-based small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system.

Background

In rural areas, agricultural irrigation water is generally supplied by channels, the water supply amount and the water supply time are difficult to control, the agricultural water consumption is greatly influenced by seasons and climate, and the water supply amount is dynamically adjusted according to the seasons and the climate. By monitoring the water inflow and the water convergence tail water amount of the slope and combining the factors such as the water demand of crops, the real-time water consumption for irrigation of small irrigation areas in rural areas is calculated, so that the purposes of increasing the yield and income of crops are guaranteed, water resources are saved, and a basis is provided for smoothly promoting the comprehensive water price reformation of agriculture.

The slope incoming water can provide partial water for crops, the confluence tail water belongs to excessive water and is finally discharged into a river channel, and the actual water consumption of the crops is obtained by subtracting the confluence tail water from the irrigation water supply. The water supply amount of the irrigation area is monitored by installing the water measuring and measuring equipment at the inlet end of the irrigation area, the water measuring and measuring equipment is installed at the tail water collection and outlet end of the irrigation area to monitor the water yield, the water measuring and measuring equipment is installed at the water collection and flow collection end of each slope to monitor the water volume of the slope, each water measuring equipment can monitor the real-time flow and calculate the accumulated flow, the monitoring data are automatically uploaded to a data platform, the data platform automatically counts and analyzes, and the scientific guidance suggestion is provided for the water supply of the irrigation area by combining the water demand of crops, meteorological data and other data.

The water channel used in agricultural irrigation at the present stage is not completely built, and the water channel can be damaged by natural conditions or artificial conditions, and then the situations of damage, water leakage and blockage of a main water channel or a branch water channel exist, so that when irrigation is carried out according to theoretical irrigation data, the actual irrigation effect and efficiency can not reach the standard, water resource waste is caused, meanwhile, the irrigation effect is not good enough, further severe consequences such as large-area nutrition imbalance and death of crops are caused, and heavy economic loss is brought to rural agricultural planting; even if corresponding water level measurement is set at the water supply end and the tail water end of the irrigation area, the water level abnormal condition is monitored by the water level measurement, but the specific link on the water flow circuit of the irrigation area is failed and cannot be responded in time.

The invention provides a small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system based on slope inflow to overcome the defects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a slope-based water supply monitoring system for agricultural irrigation in a small area, which is used for solving one of the technical problems in the prior art, such as: the water channel construction that agricultural irrigation utilized in the present stage is not perfect enough, has main ditch or branch canal damage, leaks, the condition such as jam to when leading to irrigating according to theoretical irrigation data, actual irrigation effect, efficiency all can't reach the standard, when causing the water waste, still make irrigation effect not good enough, and then cause crops great tracts of land nutritive imbalance, die bad consequence such as, bring heavy economic loss for rural planting.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system based on slope incoming water comprises a central processing unit, a first water flow monitoring device, a second water flow monitoring device, a third water flow monitoring device, a farmland water level monitoring device, a data storage device and an irrigation valve control device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the first water flow monitoring device is arranged at a water supply end of an irrigation area and comprises a first water flow monitor, a first timer, a first water flow sensor, a first controller, a first wireless communication device and a first power supply device; the first controller is respectively connected with the first water flow monitor, the first timer, the first water flow sensor and the first wireless communication device; the first water flow monitor is used for monitoring the water flow of the water supply end of the irrigation area under the control of the first controller; the first timer is used for timing the water supply time of the water supply end of the irrigation area under the control of the first controller; the first water flow sensor is used for sensing whether water flow exists at a water supply end of the irrigation area or not and feeding back the water flow to the first controller; the first wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the first controller and the central processing device; the first power supply device is used for supplying power to the first water flow monitoring device; when the first water flow sensor senses that water flow exists at the water supply end of the irrigation area, the first controller controls the first water flow monitor to monitor the water flow and controls the first timer to time, and the first wireless communication device sends water flow data and timing data to the central processing device;

the second water flow monitoring device is arranged at a confluence point of the slope of the irrigation district and comprises a second water flow monitor, a second timer, a second water flow sensor, a second controller, a second wireless communication device and a second power supply device; the second controller is respectively connected with the second water flow monitor, the second timer, the second water flow sensor and the second wireless communication device; the second water flow monitor is used for monitoring the water flow at the confluence of the slope surfaces of the irrigation areas under the control of the second controller; the second timer is used for timing the water supply time at the confluence position of the slope of the irrigation area under the control of the second controller; the second water flow sensor is used for sensing whether water flow exists at the confluence position of the slope of the irrigation area or not and feeding back the water flow to the second controller; the second wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the second controller and the central processing device; the second power supply device is used for supplying power to the second water flow monitoring device; when the second water flow sensor senses that water flow exists at the confluence position of the slope of the irrigation area, the second controller controls the second water flow monitor to monitor the water flow and controls the second timer to time, and the second wireless communication device sends water flow data and timing data to the central processing device;

the third water flow monitoring device is arranged at the tail water end of the irrigation area and comprises a third water flow monitor, a third timer, a third water flow sensor, a third controller, a third wireless communication device and a third power supply device; the third controller is respectively connected with the third water flow monitor, the third timer, the third water flow sensor and the third wireless communication device; the third water flow monitor is used for monitoring the water flow at the tail water end of the irrigation area under the control of the third controller; the third timer is used for timing the water supply time length of the tail water end of the irrigation area under the control of the third controller; the third water flow sensor is used for sensing whether water flow exists at the tail water end of the irrigation area or not and feeding back the water flow to the third controller; the third wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the third controller and the central processing device; the third power supply device is used for supplying power to the third water flow monitoring device; when the third water flow sensor senses that water flow exists at the tail water end of the irrigation area, the third controller controls the third water flow monitor to monitor the water flow and controls the third timer to time, and the third wireless communication device sends water flow data and timing data to the central processing device;

the data storage device is connected with the central processing device and is used for storing water flow thresholds of a water supply end of the irrigation area, a sloping surface confluence position of the irrigation area and a tail water end of the irrigation area and also storing a farmland water level threshold;

the farmland water level monitoring device is arranged in a farmland between a water supply end of the irrigation area and a confluence part of a slope surface of the irrigation area, and between a confluence part of the slope surface of the irrigation area and a tail water end of the irrigation area; the water level monitoring device comprises a water level monitoring device, a fourth controller, a fourth wireless communication device and a fourth power supply device; the fourth controller is respectively connected with the water level monitoring device and the fourth wireless communication device; the water level monitoring device is used for monitoring water level data of a farmland, the fourth wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the fourth controller and the central processing device, and the fourth power supply device is used for supplying power to the farmland water level monitoring device; the water level monitoring device monitors water level data of a farmland in which the water level monitoring device is located and transmits the water level data to the fourth controller, and the fourth controller sends the water level data to the central processing device through the fourth wireless communication device;

the irrigation valve control device is connected with the central processing device and is used for controlling the opening and closing degree of irrigation valves at the water supply end of the irrigation area, the confluence position of the slope surface of the irrigation area and the tail water end of the irrigation area under the control of the central processing device;

the central processing unit is used for calling a water flow threshold value of a water supply end of an irrigation area from the data storage device, and recording the water flow threshold value as a first water flow threshold value, the central processing unit obtains the water flow of the water supply end of the irrigation area from the first controller through the first wireless communication device and records the water flow as a first water flow, and the central processing unit adjusts the first water flow to be the first water flow threshold value by controlling the irrigation valve control device; the central processing unit calls a water flow threshold value at the junction of the slope surfaces of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the water flow threshold value as a second water flow threshold value, and the central processing unit obtains the water flow at the junction of the slope surfaces of the irrigation area from the second controller through the second wireless communication device and records the water flow as a second water flow; if the second water flow rate is equal to the second water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point is normal, if the second water flow rate is not equal to the second water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point is abnormal, the central processing device calls a farmland water level threshold value between the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point from the data storage device and records the farmland water level threshold value as a first farmland water level threshold value, and the central processing device acquires farmland water level data at the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point from the fourth controller through the fourth wireless communication device and records the farmland water level data as first farmland water level data; specifically, if the second water flow is smaller than the second water flow threshold and the first farmland water level data is lower than or equal to the first farmland water level threshold, it is determined that a water channel between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence point of the slope of the irrigation area is in a water leakage state, and the irrigation valve of the water supply end of the irrigation area is closed by controlling the irrigation valve control device; if the second water flow is smaller than the second water flow threshold and the first farmland water level data is higher than the first farmland water level threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between an irrigation area water supply end and an irrigation area slope converging part is in a damaged state, and controlling an irrigation valve control device to close or reduce the opening degree of an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end; if the second water flow is larger than the second water flow threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between a water supply end of an irrigation area and a confluence point of a slope surface of the irrigation area is in a blocked state, and increasing an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end by controlling the opening and closing degree of the irrigation valve control device;

the central processing unit calls a water flow threshold value of the tail water end of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the water flow threshold value as a third water flow threshold value, and the central processing unit obtains the water flow of the tail water end of the irrigation area from the third controller through the third wireless communication device and records the water flow as a third water flow; if the third water flow rate is equal to the third water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the irrigation area tail water end and the irrigation area slope convergence point is normal, if the third water flow rate is not equal to the third water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the irrigation area tail water end and the irrigation area slope convergence point is abnormal, the central processing device calls a farmland water level threshold value between the irrigation area tail water end and the irrigation area slope convergence point from the data storage device and records the farmland water level threshold value as a second farmland water level threshold value, and the central processing device acquires farmland water level data at the irrigation area tail water end and the irrigation area slope convergence point from the fourth controller through the fourth wireless communication device and records the farmland water level data as second farmland water level data; specifically, if the third water flow is smaller than the third water flow threshold and the second farmland water level data is lower than or equal to the second farmland water level threshold, it is determined that the water channel between the tail water end of the irrigation area and the convergence of the slope of the irrigation area is in a water leakage state, and the irrigation valve of the water supply end of the irrigation area is closed by controlling the irrigation valve control device; if the third water flow is smaller than the third water flow threshold and the second farmland water level data is higher than the second farmland water level threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between an irrigation area tail water end and an irrigation area slope converging part is in a damaged state, and controlling the irrigation valve control device to close or reduce the opening degree of an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end; and if the third water flow is larger than the third water flow threshold value, judging that a farmland water inlet end between the irrigation area tail water end and the irrigation area slope converging part is in a blocking state, and controlling the opening and closing degree of the irrigation valve control device to enlarge an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end.

Preferably, the farmland water level monitoring device is replaced by a soil humidity monitoring device which is arranged in a cultivated land between a water supply end of the irrigation area and a confluence part of a slope surface of the irrigation area, and the confluence part of the slope surface of the irrigation area and a tail water end of the irrigation area; the humidity sensor, the fifth controller, the fifth wireless communication device and the fifth power supply device are included; the fifth controller is respectively connected with the humidity sensor and the fifth wireless communication device; the humidity sensor is used for monitoring humidity data of cultivated land, the fifth wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the fifth controller and the central processing device, and the fifth power supply device is used for supplying power to the soil humidity monitoring device; the humidity sensor monitors humidity data of the cultivated land and transmits the humidity data to the fifth controller, and the fifth controller transmits the humidity data to the central processing device through the fifth wireless communication device;

the data storage device is also used for storing a farmland humidity threshold value;

the central processing unit is used for calling a water flow threshold value of a water supply end of an irrigation area from the data storage device, and recording the water flow threshold value as a first water flow threshold value, the central processing unit obtains the water flow of the water supply end of the irrigation area from the first controller through the first wireless communication device and records the water flow as a first water flow, and the central processing unit adjusts the first water flow to be the first water flow threshold value by controlling the irrigation valve control device; the central processing unit calls a water flow threshold value at the junction of the slope surfaces of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the water flow threshold value as a second water flow threshold value, and the central processing unit obtains the water flow at the junction of the slope surfaces of the irrigation area from the second controller through the second wireless communication device and records the water flow as a second water flow; if the second water flow rate is equal to the second water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence point of the slope of the irrigation area is normal, if the second water flow rate is not equal to the second water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence point of the slope of the irrigation area is abnormal, the central processing device transfers the farmland humidity threshold value between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence point of the slope of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the farmland humidity threshold value as a first farmland humidity threshold value, and the central processing device acquires the farmland humidity data at the confluence point of the water supply end of the irrigation area and the slope of the irrigation area from the fifth controller through the fifth wireless communication device and records the farmland humidity data as first farmland humidity data; specifically, if the second water flow is smaller than the second water flow threshold and the first cultivated land humidity data is lower than or equal to the first cultivated land humidity threshold, it is determined that a water channel between a water supply end of the irrigation area and a convergence point of a slope of the irrigation area is in a water leakage state, and an irrigation valve of the water supply end of the irrigation area is closed by controlling the irrigation valve control device; if the second water flow is smaller than the second water flow threshold and the first farmland humidity data is higher than the first farmland humidity threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between an irrigation area water supply end and an irrigation area slope converging part is in a damaged state, and closing an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end by controlling the irrigation valve control device; if the second water flow is larger than the second water flow threshold, judging that a cultivated land water inlet end between an irrigation area water supply end and an irrigation area slope converging part is in a blocked state, and increasing an irrigation valve of the cultivated land water inlet end by controlling the opening and closing degree of the irrigation valve control device;

the central processing unit calls a water flow threshold value of the tail water end of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the water flow threshold value as a third water flow threshold value, and the central processing unit obtains the water flow of the tail water end of the irrigation area from the third controller through the third wireless communication device and records the water flow as a third water flow; if the third water flow rate is equal to the third water flow rate threshold value, the cultivated land irrigation process between the tail water end of the irrigation area and the confluence of the slope of the irrigation area is normal, if the third water flow rate is not equal to the third water flow rate threshold value, the cultivated land irrigation process between the tail water end of the irrigation area and the confluence of the slope of the irrigation area is abnormal, the central processing device transfers the cultivated land humidity threshold value between the tail water end of the irrigation area and the confluence of the slope of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the cultivated land humidity threshold value as a second cultivated land humidity threshold value, and the central processing device obtains cultivated land humidity data at the confluence of the tail water end of the irrigation area and the slope of the irrigation area from the fifth controller through the fifth wireless communication device and records the cultivated land humidity data as second cultivated land humidity data; specifically, if the third water flow is smaller than the third water flow threshold and the second farmland humidity data is lower than or equal to the second farmland humidity threshold, it is determined that the water channel between the tail water end of the irrigation area and the convergence of the slope of the irrigation area is in a water leakage state, and the irrigation valve of the water supply end of the irrigation area is closed by controlling the irrigation valve control device; if the third water flow is smaller than the third water flow threshold and the second farmland humidity data is higher than the second farmland humidity threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between an irrigation area tail water end and an irrigation area slope converging part is in a damaged state, and closing an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end by controlling the irrigation valve control device; and if the third water flow is larger than the third water flow threshold value, judging that the farmland water inlet end between the irrigation area tail water end and the irrigation area slope converging part is in a blocked state, and controlling the opening and closing degree of the irrigation valve control device to enlarge the irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end.

Preferably, the intelligent sprinkling irrigation system further comprises a sprinkling irrigation control device, wherein the sprinkling irrigation control device comprises a sprinkling irrigation controller, a sprinkling irrigation device, a sixth wireless communication device and a sixth power supply device; the sprinkling irrigation controller is respectively connected with the sprinkling irrigation device and the sixth wireless communication device; the sixth power supply device is used for supplying power to the sprinkling irrigation control device;

when the humidity sensor monitors that the soil humidity of the near water source end of the cultivated land is higher than that of the far water source end of the cultivated land, the central processing device obtains the information from the fifth wireless communication device, the central processing device sends a sprinkling irrigation instruction to the sprinkling irrigation controller through the sixth wireless communication device, and the sprinkling irrigation controller controls the sprinkling irrigation device to sprinkle the far water source end of the cultivated land; when the humidity sensor monitors that the soil humidity of the near water source end of the cultivated land is equal to the soil humidity of the far water source end of the cultivated land, the central processing device obtains the information from the fifth wireless communication device, the central processing device sends a sprinkling irrigation instruction to the sprinkling irrigation controller through the sixth wireless communication device, and the sprinkling irrigation controller controls the sprinkling irrigation device to stop sprinkling irrigation.

Preferably, the ion concentration monitoring device comprises an ion concentration sensor, an ion concentration control device, an ion increment device, a seventh wireless communication device and a seventh power supply device; the ion concentration control device is respectively connected with the ion concentration sensor, the ion increment device and the seventh wireless communication device; the seventh power supply device is used for supplying power to the ion concentration monitoring device; the data storage device is also used for storing the ion concentration threshold value of the farmland to be irrigated; the ion concentration sensor is used for acquiring real-time ion concentration data of a farmland in an irrigation process and sending the data to the ion concentration control device; the ion concentration control device obtains the ion concentration threshold value sequentially through a seventh wireless communication device, a central processing device and a data storage device; and when the real-time ion concentration data is smaller than the ion concentration threshold value, the ion concentration control device controls the ion increment device to carry out ion increment on the irrigated farmland.

Preferably, the intelligent alarm system further comprises an audible and visual alarm device, wherein the audible and visual alarm device comprises an alarm control device, a voice alarm device, a flash lamp alarm device, an eighth wireless communication device and an eighth power supply device; the alarm control device is respectively connected with the voice alarm device, the flash lamp alarm device and the eighth wireless communication device; the eighth power supply device is used for supplying power to the sound and light alarm device; and the alarm control device performs data interaction with the central processing device through the eighth wireless communication device.

Preferably, the lighting system further comprises a lighting intensity monitoring device, wherein the lighting intensity monitoring device comprises a lighting intensity sensor, a ninth controller, a ninth wireless communication device and a ninth power supply device; the ninth controller is respectively connected with the illumination intensity sensor and the ninth wireless communication device; the ninth power supply device is used for supplying power to the illumination intensity monitoring device; the illumination intensity sensor is used for monitoring illumination intensity data during irrigation and sending the illumination intensity data to the ninth controller, and the ninth controller sends the illumination intensity data to the central processing device through the ninth wireless communication device.

Preferably, the system further comprises a rainfall monitoring device, wherein the rainfall monitoring device comprises a rainfall sensor, a tenth controller, a tenth wireless communication device and a tenth power supply device; the tenth controller is respectively connected with the rainfall sensor and a tenth wireless communication device, and the tenth power supply device is used for supplying power to the rainfall monitoring device; the rainfall sensor is used for monitoring rainfall data during irrigation and sending the rainfall data to the tenth controller; the tenth controller transmits the rainfall data to the central processing device through the tenth wireless communication device.

Preferably, the system further comprises a soil temperature monitoring device, wherein the soil temperature monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor, an eleventh controller, an eleventh wireless communication device and an eleventh power supply device; the eleventh controller is respectively connected with the temperature sensor and an eleventh wireless communication device, and the eleventh power supply device is used for supplying power to the soil temperature monitoring device; the temperature sensor is used for monitoring soil temperature data of the cultivated land and sending the soil temperature data to the eleventh controller; the eleventh controller transmits soil temperature data to the central processing device via the eleventh wireless communication device.

Preferably, the system further comprises a pollutant monitoring device, wherein the pollutant monitoring device comprises a pollutant monitor, a twelfth controller, a twelfth wireless communication device and a twelfth power supply device; the twelfth controller is respectively connected with the pollutant monitor and a twelfth wireless communication device, and the twelfth power supply device is used for supplying power to the pollutant monitoring device; the pollutant quality monitor is used for monitoring pollutant data in water flow at a water supply end of an irrigation area and sending the pollutant data to the twelfth controller, and the twelfth controller sends the pollutant data to the central processing device through the twelfth wireless communication device.

Preferably, the pest monitoring device comprises a pest monitor, a thirteenth controller, a thirteenth wireless communication device and a thirteenth power supply device; the thirteenth controller is respectively connected with the pest monitors and a thirteenth wireless communication device, and the thirteenth power supply device is used for supplying power to the pest monitors; the pest monitor is configured to monitor pest data of the agricultural area and send the pest data to the thirteenth controller, and the thirteenth controller sends the pest data to the central processing device through the thirteenth wireless communication device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: short construction period and wide application range. The water measuring facilities are all produced in a standardized way, adopt an integrated structure, complete set processing and debugging are completed in a factory, and the water measuring facilities can be directly installed on a channel on site and can be used, so that the requirements on the channel on site are not high, the data transmission is not limited by distance and environmental factors, and the application range is wide. The reliability is high. The equipment adopts a battery for power supply, a waterproof and dustproof integrated structure and is made of stainless steel, so that the stability and reliability of the system are greatly improved. Specifically, the water level condition of each irrigation area water supply stage can be monitored, then the actual condition of each irrigation area water supply stage can be obtained, and the maintenance personnel can conveniently and timely react.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first water flow rate monitoring device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second water flow rate monitoring device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third water flow rate monitoring device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a farmland water level monitoring device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6 of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

in rural areas, agricultural irrigation water is generally supplied by channels, the water supply amount and the water supply time are difficult to control, the agricultural water consumption is greatly influenced by seasons and climate, and the water supply amount is dynamically adjusted according to the seasons and the climate. By monitoring the water inflow and the water convergence tail water amount of the slope and combining the factors such as the water demand of crops, the real-time water consumption for irrigation of small irrigation areas in rural areas is calculated, so that the purposes of increasing the yield and income of the crops and saving water resources are achieved, and a basis is provided for smoothly promoting the comprehensive water price reformation of agriculture; however, the construction of the water channel utilized by agricultural irrigation at the present stage is not perfect, the water channel may be damaged by natural conditions or artificial conditions, and then the situations of damage, water leakage and blockage of the main water channel or the branch water channel exist, so that when irrigation is carried out according to theoretical irrigation data, the actual irrigation effect and efficiency can not reach the standard, water resource waste is caused, meanwhile, the irrigation effect is not good enough, further severe consequences such as large-area nutrition imbalance and death of crops are caused, and heavy economic loss is brought to rural agricultural planting; even if corresponding water flow or water level measurement is arranged at the water supply end and the tail water end of the irrigation area, and the water level abnormal condition is monitored by the water flow or water level measurement, the specific link on the water flow circuit of the irrigation area is failed and cannot be responded in time; thus, the above situation is addressed.

As shown in fig. 1, a small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system based on slope water supply comprises a central processing unit, a first water flow monitoring device, a second water flow monitoring device, a third water flow monitoring device, a farmland water level monitoring device, a data storage device and an irrigation valve control device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

as shown in fig. 2, the first water flow rate monitoring device is disposed at a water supply end of an irrigation area, and includes a first water flow rate monitor, a first timer, a first water flow sensor, a first controller, a first wireless communication device, and a first power supply device; the first controller is respectively connected with the first water flow monitor, the first timer, the first water flow sensor and the first wireless communication device; the first water flow monitor is used for monitoring the water flow of the water supply end of the irrigation area under the control of the first controller; the first timer is used for timing the water supply time of the water supply end of the irrigation area under the control of the first controller; the first water flow sensor is used for sensing whether water flow exists at a water supply end of the irrigation area or not and feeding back the water flow to the first controller; the first wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the first controller and the central processing device; the first power supply device is used for supplying power to the first water flow monitoring device; when the first water flow sensor senses that water flow exists at the water supply end of the irrigation area, the first controller controls the first water flow monitor to monitor the water flow and controls the first timer to time, and the first wireless communication device sends water flow data and timing data to the central processing device;

as shown in fig. 3, the second water flow rate monitoring device is disposed at a junction of a slope of an irrigation area, and includes a second water flow rate monitor, a second timer, a second water flow sensor, a second controller, a second wireless communication device, and a second power supply device; the second controller is respectively connected with the second water flow monitor, the second timer, the second water flow sensor and the second wireless communication device; the second water flow monitor is used for monitoring the water flow at the confluence of the slope surfaces of the irrigation areas under the control of the second controller; the second timer is used for timing the water supply time at the confluence position of the slope of the irrigation area under the control of the second controller; the second water flow sensor is used for sensing whether water flow exists at the confluence position of the slope of the irrigation area or not and feeding back the water flow to the second controller; the second wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the second controller and the central processing device; the second power supply device is used for supplying power to the second water flow monitoring device; when the second water flow sensor senses that water flow exists at the confluence position of the slope of the irrigation area, the second controller controls the second water flow monitor to monitor the water flow and controls the second timer to time, and the second wireless communication device sends water flow data and timing data to the central processing device;

as shown in fig. 4, the third water flow rate monitoring device is disposed at the tail water end of the irrigation area, and includes a third water flow rate monitor, a third timer, a third water flow sensor, a third controller, a third wireless communication device and a third power supply device; the third controller is respectively connected with the third water flow monitor, the third timer, the third water flow sensor and the third wireless communication device; the third water flow monitor is used for monitoring the water flow at the tail water end of the irrigation area under the control of the third controller; the third timer is used for timing the water supply time length of the tail water end of the irrigation area under the control of the third controller; the third water flow sensor is used for sensing whether water flow exists at the tail water end of the irrigation area or not and feeding back the water flow to the third controller; the third wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the third controller and the central processing device; the third power supply device is used for supplying power to the third water flow monitoring device; when the third water flow sensor senses that water flow exists at the tail water end of the irrigation area, the third controller controls the third water flow monitor to monitor the water flow and controls the third timer to time, and the third wireless communication device sends water flow data and timing data to the central processing device;

as shown in fig. 5, the farmland water level monitoring device is arranged in the farmland between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence of the slope of the irrigation area, and between the confluence of the slope of the irrigation area and the tail water end of the irrigation area; the water level monitoring device comprises a water level monitoring device, a fourth controller, a fourth wireless communication device and a fourth power supply device; the fourth controller is respectively connected with the water level monitoring device and the fourth wireless communication device; the water level monitoring device is used for monitoring water level data of a farmland, the fourth wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the fourth controller and the central processing device, and the fourth power supply device is used for supplying power to the farmland water level monitoring device; the water level monitoring device monitors water level data of a farmland in which the water level monitoring device is located and transmits the water level data to the fourth controller, and the fourth controller sends the water level data to the central processing device through the fourth wireless communication device;

the water level monitoring device can adopt an ultrasonic water level meter, the investment of the ultrasonic water level meter is low, the installation is convenient, but the measurement precision is greatly influenced by the measured water body, and the zero drift can be caused when the environmental temperature is too low to influence the measurement precision. Rectification and filtering of the data is the focus of post-maintenance. And a radar water level gauge can be adopted, the investment of the radar water level gauge is high, and the installation is convenient. Because the radar wave is not influenced by the water body, the measurement error is small, the precision is high, and the maintenance is basically not needed in the later period. The rectangular throat-free water measuring tank can be used, and then the water level gauge with reduced cost is used in the water measuring tank, so that the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the construction is convenient, the interference of impurities and silt is strong, the precision is good, the head loss is caused, and the water measuring tank is suitable for hoppers and agricultural ditches.

as shown in fig. 6, the central processing unit is configured to retrieve a water flow threshold of the irrigation area water supply end from the data storage device, which is denoted as a first water flow threshold, obtain the water flow of the irrigation area water supply end from the first controller through the first wireless communication device, which is denoted as a first water flow, and adjust the first water flow to the first water flow threshold by controlling the irrigation valve control device; the central processing unit calls a water flow threshold value at the junction of the slope surfaces of the irrigation area from the data storage device and records the water flow threshold value as a second water flow threshold value, and the central processing unit obtains the water flow at the junction of the slope surfaces of the irrigation area from the second controller through the second wireless communication device and records the water flow as a second water flow; if the second water flow rate is equal to the second water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point is normal, if the second water flow rate is not equal to the second water flow rate threshold value, the farmland irrigation process between the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point is abnormal, the central processing device calls a farmland water level threshold value between the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point from the data storage device and records the farmland water level threshold value as a first farmland water level threshold value, and the central processing device acquires farmland water level data at the irrigation area water supply end and the irrigation area slope convergence point from the fourth controller through the fourth wireless communication device and records the farmland water level data as first farmland water level data; specifically, if the second water flow is smaller than the second water flow threshold and the first farmland water level data is lower than or equal to the first farmland water level threshold, it is determined that a water channel between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence point of the slope of the irrigation area is in a water leakage state, and the irrigation valve of the water supply end of the irrigation area is closed by controlling the irrigation valve control device; if the second water flow is smaller than the second water flow threshold and the first farmland water level data is higher than the first farmland water level threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between an irrigation area water supply end and an irrigation area slope converging part is in a damaged state, and controlling an irrigation valve control device to close or reduce the opening degree of an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end; if the second water flow is larger than the second water flow threshold, judging that a farmland water inlet end between a water supply end of an irrigation area and a confluence point of a slope surface of the irrigation area is in a blocked state, and increasing an irrigation valve of the farmland water inlet end by controlling the opening and closing degree of the irrigation valve control device;

By the scheme, the problem that channel water supply, water supply amount and water supply time are difficult to control in agricultural irrigation water in rural areas can be solved. By monitoring the water inflow and the water convergence tail water amount of the slope and combining the factors such as the water demand threshold of crops, the real-time water consumption for irrigation of small irrigation areas in rural areas is calculated, so that the purposes of increasing the yield and income of crops are guaranteed, water resources are saved, and a basis is provided for smoothly promoting the comprehensive water price reformation of agriculture. The slope incoming water can provide partial water for crops, the confluence tail water belongs to excessive water and is finally discharged into a river channel, and the actual water consumption of the crops is obtained by subtracting the confluence tail water from the irrigation water supply. The water supply amount of the irrigation area is monitored by installing the water measuring and measuring equipment at the inlet end of the irrigation area, the water measuring and measuring equipment is installed at the tail water collection and outlet end of the irrigation area to monitor the water yield, the water measuring and measuring equipment is installed at the water collection and flow collection end of each slope to monitor the water volume of the slope, each water measuring equipment can monitor the real-time flow and calculate the accumulated flow, the monitoring data are automatically uploaded to a data platform, the data platform automatically counts and analyzes, and the scientific guidance suggestion is provided for the water supply of the irrigation area by combining the water demand of crops, meteorological data and other data. Although the construction of the water channel utilized by agricultural irrigation at the present stage is not perfect enough, and the water channel may be damaged by natural conditions or artificial conditions, then the situations of damage, water leakage and blockage of the main water channel or the branch water channel exist, so that when irrigation is carried out according to theoretical irrigation data, the actual irrigation effect and efficiency can not reach the standard, water resource waste is caused, meanwhile, the irrigation effect is not good enough, further severe consequences such as large-area nutrition imbalance and death of crops are caused, and heavy economic loss is brought to rural agricultural planting; but this scheme sets up corresponding water level measurement at irrigated area water supply end and tail water end, and the water level abnormal conditions is monitored in water level measurement, combines the concrete data of irrigation farmland again, and real-time supervision's farmland water level data promptly can be clearly known and is known what link has gone wrong on the irrigated area water flow line, and the help maintainer in time reacts.

Example 2:

preferably on the basis of the embodiment 1, when the irrigation area is not a farmland but cultivated land, the farmland water level monitoring device is replaced by a soil humidity monitoring device which is arranged on the cultivated land between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence part of the slope of the irrigation area and between the confluence part of the slope of the irrigation area and the tail water end of the irrigation area; the humidity sensor, the fifth controller, the fifth wireless communication device and the fifth power supply device are included; the fifth controller is respectively connected with the humidity sensor and the fifth wireless communication device; the humidity sensor is used for monitoring humidity data of cultivated land, the fifth wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the fifth controller and the central processing device, and the fifth power supply device is used for supplying power to the soil humidity monitoring device; the humidity sensor monitors humidity data of the cultivated land and transmits the humidity data to the fifth controller, and the fifth controller transmits the humidity data to the central processing device through the fifth wireless communication device;

Example 3:

when the cultivated land is irrigated, the situation that the soil humidity of the near water source end of the cultivated land is firstly increased and then permeates to the far water source end of the cultivated land can occur; in this case, if the humidity sensor is arranged at the near water source end of the cultivated land, the irrigation is stopped when the soil humidity of the near water source end of the cultivated land reaches the soil humidity threshold value, but the soil humidity of the far water source end of the cultivated land does not reach the humidity threshold value, and the moisture of the near water source end of the cultivated land permeates to the far water source end of the cultivated land, so that the humidity of the far water source end of the cultivated land and the humidity of the near water source end of the cultivated land are both lower than the soil humidity threshold value; on the contrary, if the humidity sensor is arranged at the farmland far-water source end, the irrigation is stopped when the soil humidity of the farmland far-water source end reaches the soil humidity threshold value, but the soil humidity of the farmland near-water source end exceeds the soil humidity threshold value, and the moisture of the farmland near-water source end permeates to the farmland far-water source end, so that the humidity of the farmland far-water source end and the farmland near-water source end are higher than the soil humidity threshold value; therefore, the above problems are solved.

On the basis of the embodiment 2, the sprinkling irrigation control device is preferred, and comprises a sprinkling irrigation controller, a sprinkling irrigation device, a sixth wireless communication device and a sixth power supply device; the sprinkling irrigation controller is respectively connected with the sprinkling irrigation device and the sixth wireless communication device; the sixth power supply device is used for supplying power to the sprinkling irrigation control device;

In the scheme, the humidity balance of the near water source end of the cultivated land and the far water source end of the cultivated land is maintained through the sprinkling irrigation control device. Specifically, when the cultivated land is irrigated, the sprinkling irrigation control device sprinkles the cultivated land far-water source end, so that the humidity of the cultivated land far-water source end is consistent with that of the cultivated land near-water source end.

Example 4:

on the basis of embodiment 1, it is preferable that the ion concentration monitoring device further includes an ion concentration sensor, an ion concentration control device, an ion increment device, a seventh wireless communication device, and a seventh power supply device; the ion concentration control device is respectively connected with the ion concentration sensor, the ion increment device and the seventh wireless communication device; the seventh power supply device is used for supplying power to the ion concentration monitoring device; the data storage device is also used for storing the ion concentration threshold value of the farmland to be irrigated; the ion concentration sensor is used for acquiring real-time ion concentration data of a farmland in an irrigation process and sending the data to the ion concentration control device; the ion concentration control device obtains the ion concentration threshold value sequentially through a seventh wireless communication device, a central processing device and a data storage device; and when the real-time ion concentration data is smaller than the ion concentration threshold value, the ion concentration control device controls the ion increment device to carry out ion increment on the irrigated farmland.

In the scheme, the ion concentration monitoring device can perform real-time regulation and control increment on the content of various ions according to the real-time data of the ions in the farmland; avoid causing the ion content to reduce in the unit water yield of farmland in the irrigation process.

In the scheme, all abnormal conditions received by the central processing unit can be subjected to abnormal alarm through the sound-light alarm device, and different abnormal conditions correspond to different sound alarm signals and different colors of LED light.

In the scheme, the speed of water flow in the irrigation process is adjusted in real time according to the intensity of illumination; when illumination intensity is great, need with irrigation in-process velocity of water flow increase, reduce irrigation time, avoid moisture by most evaporation, cause the water waste.

In the above scheme, irrigation planning can be properly regulated and controlled through rainfall data acquired by the rainfall monitoring device.

In the above scheme, the moisture evaporation condition of the current cultivated land is calculated through the soil temperature data collected by the soil temperature monitoring device, and the overall irrigation planning is further regulated and controlled.

In the scheme, pollutant information of the target irrigation area is monitored through the pollutant monitoring device, and corresponding feedback is carried out.

Preferably, the pest monitoring device comprises a pest monitor, a thirteenth controller, a thirteenth wireless communication device and a thirteenth power supply device; the thirteenth controller is respectively connected with the pest monitors and a thirteenth wireless communication device, and the thirteenth power supply device is used for supplying power to the pest monitors; the pest monitor is used for monitoring pest data of cultivated land and sending the pest data to the thirteenth controller, and the thirteenth controller sends the return data to the central processing device through the thirteenth wireless communication device.

According to the scheme, insect pest information of the target irrigation area is monitored through the insect pest monitoring device, and corresponding feedback is carried out.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small-area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system based on slope incoming water is characterized by comprising a central processing unit, a first water flow monitoring device, a second water flow monitoring device, a third water flow monitoring device, a farmland water level monitoring device, a data storage device and an irrigation valve control device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

2. The system for monitoring the agricultural irrigation water consumption of the small area based on the slope surface water supply as claimed in claim 1, wherein the farmland water level monitoring device is replaced by a soil humidity monitoring device which is arranged on the cultivated land between the water supply end of the irrigation area and the confluence of the slope surface of the irrigation area, and the confluence of the slope surface of the irrigation area and the tail water end of the irrigation area; the humidity sensor, the fifth controller, the fifth wireless communication device and the fifth power supply device are included; the fifth controller is respectively connected with the humidity sensor and the fifth wireless communication device; the humidity sensor is used for monitoring humidity data of cultivated land, the fifth wireless communication device is used for establishing network communication between the fifth controller and the central processing device, and the fifth power supply device is used for supplying power to the soil humidity monitoring device; the humidity sensor monitors humidity data of the cultivated land and transmits the humidity data to the fifth controller, and the fifth controller transmits the humidity data to the central processing device through the fifth wireless communication device;

3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a sprinkler control device, the sprinkler control device comprising a sprinkler controller, a sprinkler, a sixth wireless communication device, and a sixth power supply device; the sprinkling irrigation controller is respectively connected with the sprinkling irrigation device and the sixth wireless communication device; the sixth power supply device is used for supplying power to the sprinkling irrigation control device;

4. The slope inflow based small area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an ion concentration monitoring device, wherein the ion concentration monitoring device comprises an ion concentration sensor, an ion concentration control device, an ion increment device, a seventh wireless communication device and a seventh power supply device; the ion concentration control device is respectively connected with the ion concentration sensor, the ion increment device and the seventh wireless communication device; the seventh power supply device is used for supplying power to the ion concentration monitoring device; the data storage device is also used for storing the ion concentration threshold value of the farmland to be irrigated; the ion concentration sensor is used for acquiring real-time ion concentration data of a farmland in an irrigation process and sending the data to the ion concentration control device; the ion concentration control device obtains the ion concentration threshold value sequentially through a seventh wireless communication device, a central processing device and a data storage device; and when the real-time ion concentration data is smaller than the ion concentration threshold value, the ion concentration control device controls the ion increment device to carry out ion increment on the irrigated farmland.

5. The system for monitoring the water consumption of the small-area agricultural irrigation based on the slope surface water supply of claim 4, further comprising an audible and visual alarm device, wherein the audible and visual alarm device comprises an alarm control device, a voice alarm device, a flash lamp alarm device, an eighth wireless communication device and an eighth power supply device; the alarm control device is respectively connected with the voice alarm device, the flash lamp alarm device and the eighth wireless communication device; the eighth power supply device is used for supplying power to the sound and light alarm device; and the alarm control device performs data interaction with the central processing device through the eighth wireless communication device.

6. The slope inflow based small area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising an illumination intensity monitoring device, wherein the illumination intensity monitoring device comprises an illumination intensity sensor, a ninth controller, a ninth wireless communication device and a ninth power supply device; the ninth controller is respectively connected with the illumination intensity sensor and the ninth wireless communication device; the ninth power supply device is used for supplying power to the illumination intensity monitoring device; the illumination intensity sensor is used for monitoring illumination intensity data during irrigation and sending the illumination intensity data to the ninth controller, and the ninth controller sends the illumination intensity data to the central processing device through the ninth wireless communication device.

7. The slope-based small area agricultural irrigation water usage monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a rainfall monitoring device, wherein the rainfall monitoring device comprises a rainfall sensor, a tenth controller, a tenth wireless communication device and a tenth power supply device; the tenth controller is respectively connected with the rainfall sensor and a tenth wireless communication device, and the tenth power supply device is used for supplying power to the rainfall monitoring device; the rainfall sensor is used for monitoring rainfall data during irrigation and sending the rainfall data to the tenth controller; the tenth controller transmits the rainfall data to the central processing device through the tenth wireless communication device.

8. The slope inflow based small area agricultural irrigation water consumption monitoring system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a soil temperature monitoring device, wherein the soil temperature monitoring device comprises a temperature sensor, an eleventh controller, an eleventh wireless communication device and an eleventh power supply device; the eleventh controller is respectively connected with the temperature sensor and an eleventh wireless communication device, and the eleventh power supply device is used for supplying power to the soil temperature monitoring device; the temperature sensor is used for monitoring soil temperature data of the cultivated land and sending the soil temperature data to the eleventh controller; the eleventh controller transmits soil temperature data to the central processing device via the eleventh wireless communication device.

9. The slope inflow based small area agricultural irrigation water usage monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a pollutant monitoring device comprising a pollutant monitor, a twelfth controller, a twelfth wireless communication device and a twelfth power supply device; the twelfth controller is respectively connected with the pollutant monitor and a twelfth wireless communication device, and the twelfth power supply device is used for supplying power to the pollutant monitoring device; the pollutant quality monitor is used for monitoring pollutant data in water flow at a water supply end of an irrigation area and sending the pollutant data to the twelfth controller, and the twelfth controller sends the pollutant data to the central processing device through the twelfth wireless communication device.

10. The slope inflow based small area agricultural irrigation water usage monitoring system of claim 2, further comprising a pest monitoring device comprising a pest monitor, a thirteenth controller, a thirteenth wireless communication device and a thirteenth power supply device; the thirteenth controller is respectively connected with the pest monitors and a thirteenth wireless communication device, and the thirteenth power supply device is used for supplying power to the pest monitors; the pest monitor is configured to monitor pest data of the agricultural area and send the pest data to the thirteenth controller, and the thirteenth controller sends the pest data to the central processing device through the thirteenth wireless communication device.