CN111279951A

CN111279951A - Water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting

Info

Publication number: CN111279951A
Application number: CN201911174792.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王登社; 张丽华
Original assignee: Xuechuan Agriculture Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuechuan Agriculture Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-26
Filing date: 2019-11-26
Publication date: 2020-06-16

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting, which comprises a planting greenhouse, wherein a water collecting tank is arranged on the periphery of the top of the planting greenhouse, a first water conveying pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tank, the first water conveying pipe is inserted into a water collecting pool, a water supplementing pipe is arranged on the side surface of the water collecting pool, a first water pump is arranged on the water supplementing pipe, the other side of the water collecting pool is connected with one side of a water purifying tank through a second water conveying pipe, a primary filter and a second water pump are sequentially arranged on the second water conveying pipe along the water flow direction, a third water conveying pipe is arranged on the other side of the water purifying tank, the third water conveying pipe extends into the planting greenhouse, and a third water pump and a first electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the third water conveying pipe along the water flow. According to the drip irrigation ponding water-saving device for potato planting, the water-collecting tank, the soil moisture sensor, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the central controller are arranged, so that the drip irrigation ponding water-saving device for potato planting is good in water-saving performance, high in automation degree and more convenient to use.

Description

Water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drip irrigation, in particular to a water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting.

Background

The existing common water-saving irrigation method in China comprises canal seepage prevention, spray irrigation, micro-spray irrigation, infiltrating irrigation, drip irrigation and the like, wherein the drip irrigation is to send water to the root of a crop through an orifice or a water dropper on a capillary with the diameter of about 10mm by using a plastic pipeline for local irrigation, the drip irrigation is the most effective water-saving irrigation mode in the drought and water-deficient area at present, the utilization rate of water can reach 95 percent, the drip irrigation has higher water-saving and yield-increasing effects than the spray irrigation, meanwhile, the fertilizer efficiency can be improved by more than one time by combining fertilization, the method is suitable for irrigation of fruit trees, vegetables, cash crops and greenhouses, the method can also be used for field crop irrigation in the drought and water-deficient places, the drip irrigation does not damage the soil structure, the water, fertilizer, air and heat in the soil can always keep good conditions suitable for the growth of the crop, the evaporation loss is small, no ground runoff is generated, and the water leakage, it irrigates to be difficult to the accuracy to potato planting soil, irrigates excessively, then the water resource is wasted, irrigates too little, then influences potato growth, and the limitation is great, consequently is necessary to improve prior art to solve above-mentioned problem.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting, and aims to solve the problems that the existing water-saving drip irrigation technology in the background technology is insufficient in automation degree and difficult to accurately irrigate soil.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a potato is planted and is driped irrigation technique with water conservation, includes and plants the big-arch shelter, the top of planting the big-arch shelter is provided with the water catch bowl all around, the bottom of water catch bowl is provided with first raceway, first raceway inserts to the pond in, the side of water catch bowl is provided with the moisturizing pipe, be provided with first water pump on the moisturizing pipe, the opposite side of water catch bowl passes through one side of second raceway and water purification box and is connected, first-order filter and second water pump have set gradually along the water flow direction on the second raceway, the opposite side of water purification box is provided with the third raceway, the third raceway extends to the inside of planting the big-arch shelter, third water pump and first solenoid valve have set gradually along the water flow direction on the third raceway of planting big-arch shelter inside, be provided with on the third raceway and drip irrigation the pipe, drip irrigation pipe has set gradually second solenoid valve, a little water pump along the water flow direction, Secondary filter and water dropper, be provided with soil moisture sensor in the soil of planting the big-arch shelter, be provided with first level sensor on the inner wall of catch basin, be provided with second level sensor on the inner wall of water purification case.

Preferably, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged outside the planting greenhouse.

Preferably, the drip irrigation pipes are arranged in a plurality of equal-interval parallel arrangement, and the interval between the adjacent drip irrigation pipes is set to be 0.9 m.

Preferably, the filtering precision of the primary filter and the filtering precision of the secondary filter are both 120 meshes.

Preferably, the drippers are arranged on the inner side wall of the drip irrigation pipe, the drippers are provided with a plurality of drippers which are arranged at the bottom of the drip irrigation pipe at equal intervals, the nominal flow of the drippers is set to be 1.1L/H, and the intervals between the drippers are set to be 0.3 m.

Preferably, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are both set to be automatically controlled electromagnetic valves with pressure regulating functions, the pressure required by the head parts of all the irrigation planting greenhouses is preset, the planting greenhouses are automatically managed conveniently, the valve size is set to be 2-4 electromagnetic valves according to the actual conditions of project areas, and pressure regulators are mounted on the valve bodies of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve.

Preferably, the soil moisture sensor sets up adjacent two in the soil of planting the big-arch shelter between the drip irrigation pipe, the soil moisture sensor is provided with a plurality of, a plurality of the soil moisture sensor is the even setting of dot matrix form.

Preferably, a control box is fixed outside the planting greenhouse, a central controller is arranged in the control box, the output end of the soil moisture sensor, the output end of the first water level sensor and the output end of the second water level sensor are electrically connected with the input end of the central controller, and the output end of the central controller is electrically connected with the input end of the first water pump, the input end of the second water pump, the input end of the third water pump, the input end of the first electromagnetic valve and the input end of the second electromagnetic valve respectively.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the water collecting tank and the first water conveying pipe are arranged, so that rainwater on the planting greenhouse can be collected through the water collecting tank in rainy days and flows into the water collecting tank through the first water conveying pipe, the rainwater is utilized, and the water resource can be saved.

(2) According to the invention, the soil moisture sensor, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the central controller are arranged, so that the system can provide drip irrigation quantity according to the moisture of soil, and a water saving function is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structural distribution of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the greenhouse body according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the drip irrigation pipe of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are: 1. planting in a greenhouse; 2. a water collection tank; 3. a first water delivery pipe; 4. a water collecting tank; 5. a first water pump; 6. a water replenishing pipe; 7. a first stage filter; 8. a second water pump; 9. a water purifying tank; 10. a second water delivery pipe; 11. a third water pump; 12. a third water delivery pipe; 13. a first solenoid valve; 14. a pressure regulator; 15. a drip irrigation pipe; 16. a second solenoid valve; 17. a secondary filter; 18. a soil moisture sensor; 19. a first water level sensor; 20. a second water level sensor; 21. a control box; 22. a central controller; 23. a water dropper.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting comprises a planting greenhouse 1, wherein a water collecting tank 2 is arranged around the top of the planting greenhouse 1, a first water delivery pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tank 2, the first water delivery pipe 3 is inserted into a water collecting tank 4, a water supplementing pipe 6 is arranged on the side face of the water collecting tank 4, a first water pump 5 is arranged on the water supplementing pipe 6, the other side of the water collecting tank 4 is connected with one side of a water purifying tank 9 through a second water delivery pipe 10, a primary filter 7 and a second water pump 8 are sequentially arranged on the second water delivery pipe 10 along the water flow direction, a third water delivery pipe 12 is arranged on the other side of the water purifying tank 9, the third water delivery pipe 12 extends into the planting greenhouse 1, a third water pump 11 and a first electromagnetic valve 13 are sequentially arranged on the third water delivery pipe 12 in the planting greenhouse 1 along the water flow direction, a drip irrigation pipe 15 is arranged on the third water delivery pipe 12 in the planting greenhouse 1, and a, Secondary filter 17 and water dropper 23, all set up second solenoid valve 16 on every drip irrigation pipe 15, make a plurality of drip irrigation between the pipe 15 mutually independent, when a certain region needs to irrigate, open this region drip irrigation pipe 15 on second solenoid valve 16 can, be provided with soil moisture sensor 18 in the soil of planting big-arch shelter 1, be provided with first level sensor 19 on the inner wall of catch basin 4, through the water level in first level sensor 19 monitoring catch basin 4, when the water level is not enough, the first water pump of system control 5 carries out the moisturizing, be provided with second level sensor 20 on the inner wall of water purification case 9, monitor the water level in the water purification case 9 through second level sensor 20, when the water level is not enough, system control second water pump 8 carries out the moisturizing.

Further, the first electromagnetic valve 13 is arranged outside the planting greenhouse 1.

Further, the drip irrigation pipes 15 are arranged in a plurality of the drip irrigation pipes 15, the drip irrigation pipes 15 are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the interval between every two adjacent drip irrigation pipes 15 is set to be 0.9m, the drip irrigation pipes 15 are formed by drawing low-density polyethylene, the chemical formula of the drip irrigation pipe material has the capability of resisting environmental stress damage, and meanwhile, the drip irrigation pipe material contains an anti-aging additive, so that the pipeline can be prevented from aging, and the service life of the drip irrigation pipe material is prolonged.

Furthermore, the filtering precision of the primary filter 7 and the secondary filter 17 are both 120 meshes, an automatic air valve with a protection function is installed on the filters, the balance of the air pressure inside and outside the filters is kept when the water pump is switched on and off, and the pressure gauge is located at the highest position of the filters, is connected with the water inlet and the water outlet of the filters through a switch and is used for monitoring the pressure of the irrigation system and judging the cleaning degree and the cleaning time of the filters.

Further, the water dropper 23 sets up on the inside wall of drip irrigation pipe 15, the water dropper 23 is provided with a plurality of, a plurality of water dropper 23 equidistant setting is in the bottom of drip irrigation pipe 15, the nominal flow of water dropper 23 sets up to 1.1L/H, interval between the water dropper 23 sets up to 0.3m, the water dropper 23 is the formula structure of inlaying, directly weld the water dropper 23 on the inside wall of drip irrigation pipe 15 in process of production, furthest prevents mechanical damage, it is even to go out water, lay average flow deviation under the long condition of distance and be less than 15.61%, water has been guaranteed, fertile accurate distribution.

Further, the first electromagnetic valve 13 and the second electromagnetic valve 16 are both set to be automatically controlled electromagnetic valves with pressure regulating functions, pressure required by the head parts of all the irrigation planting greenhouses 1 is preset, automatic management is carried out on the planting greenhouses 1 for convenience, and in combination with actual conditions of project areas, the valve size is set to be 2-4 electromagnetic valves, pressure regulators 14 are mounted on valve bodies of the first electromagnetic valve 13 and the second electromagnetic valve 16, the pressure regulators 14 are used for regulating outlet pressure of the valves to enable the outlet pressure to be stabilized on pressure values required by drip irrigation pipelines, the device is externally arranged and continuously adjustable, application is very simple and convenient, manual and automatic switching devices are mounted on the valves at the same time for manual debugging, manual and automatic switching can be conveniently realized, and installation and maintenance are very convenient.

Further, soil moisture sensor 18 sets up in the soil of planting big-arch shelter 1 between two adjacent drip irrigation pipe 15, and soil moisture sensor 18 is provided with a plurality of, and a plurality of soil moisture sensor 18 is the even setting of dot matrix form.

Further, the outside of the planting greenhouse 1 is fixed with a control box 21, a central controller 22 is arranged in the control box 21, the output end of the soil moisture sensor 18, the output end of the first water level sensor 19 and the output end of the second water level sensor 20 are electrically connected with the input end of the central controller 22, and the output end of the central controller 22 is electrically connected with the input end of the first water pump 5, the input end of the second water pump 8, the input end of the third water pump 11, the input end of the first electromagnetic valve 13 and the input end of the second electromagnetic valve 16 respectively.

The drip irrigation method comprises the following steps:

s1: the water level in the water collecting tank 4 is monitored through a first water level sensor 19, when the water level is insufficient, the system controls a first water pump 5 to supplement water, the water level in the purified water tank 9 is monitored through a second water level sensor 20, and when the water level is insufficient, the system controls a second water pump 8 to supplement water;

s2: the soil moisture sensor 18 is used for detecting the moisture of the soil in the planting greenhouse 1 and transmitting the moisture to the central controller 22, the central controller 22 judges that the soil does not need to be irrigated, if the soil needs to be irrigated, the central controller 22 controls the third water pump 11, the first electromagnetic valve 13 and the second electromagnetic valve 16 on the drip irrigation pipe 15 needing to be irrigated to work, under the action of the third water pump 11, the irrigation water in the water purification tank 9 drips from the drippers 23 through the third water delivery pipe 12 and the drip irrigation pipe 15, and the root of the potatoes are subjected to drip irrigation;

s3: the soil moisture sensor 18 continues to detect the moisture of the soil in the planting greenhouse 1 until the soil moisture meets the requirement, and the central controller 22 controls the third water pump 11, the first electromagnetic valve 13 and the second electromagnetic valve 16 on the drip irrigation pipe 15 to be irrigated to be closed.

The working principle is as follows: through setting up built-in water dropper 23, set up the interval of reasonable water dropper 23 and drip irrigation pipe 15's interval, and the solenoid valve that can adjust the pressure, make the system go out the water evenly, also make the irrigation to whole soil more even simultaneously, through setting up soil moisture sensor 18, first solenoid valve 13, second solenoid valve 16 and central controller 22, make this system can provide the volume of driping irrigation according to the wetness degree of soil, thereby realize the water conservation function, through setting up water catch bowl 2 and first raceway 3, in rainy day, accessible water catch bowl 2 collects the rainwater on planting big-arch shelter 1, flow into in water catch bowl 4 through first raceway 3, make the rainwater utilize, thereby can the water economy resource.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a potato is planted and is driped irrigation technique with water conservation, includes planting big-arch shelter (1), its characterized in that: the planting greenhouse is characterized in that water collecting grooves (2) are arranged on the periphery of the top of the planting greenhouse (1), a first water conveying pipe (3) is arranged at the bottom of each water collecting groove (2), the first water conveying pipe (3) is inserted into a water collecting tank (4), a water replenishing pipe (6) is arranged on the side face of each water collecting tank (4), a first water pump (5) is arranged on each water replenishing pipe (6), the other side of each water collecting tank (4) is connected with one side of a water purifying tank (9) through a second water conveying pipe (10), a first-stage filter (7) and a second water pump (8) are sequentially arranged on each second water conveying pipe (10) along the water flow direction, a third water conveying pipe (12) is arranged on the other side of each water purifying tank (9), each third water conveying pipe (12) extends into the planting greenhouse (1), a third water pump (11) and a first electromagnetic valve (13) are sequentially arranged on each third water conveying pipe (12) along the water flow direction, plant and be provided with on the inside third raceway (12) of big-arch shelter (1) and drip irrigation pipe (15), it has set gradually second solenoid valve (16), secondary filter (17) and water dropper (23) to drip irrigation pipe (15) upward along the water flow direction, be provided with soil moisture sensor (18) in the soil of planting big-arch shelter (1), be provided with first level sensor (19) on the inner wall of catch basin (4), be provided with second level sensor (20) on the inner wall of water purification case (9).

2. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first electromagnetic valve (13) is arranged outside the planting greenhouse (1).

3. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: drip irrigation pipe (15) and be provided with a plurality of drip irrigation pipe (15) equidistant parallel arrangement, and adjacent drip irrigation pipe (15) between the interval set up to 0.9 m.

4. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filtering precision of the first-stage filter (7) and the second-stage filter (17) are both 120 meshes.

5. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dripper (23) sets up on the inside wall of driping irrigation pipe (15), dripper (23) are provided with a plurality of, a plurality of dripper (23) equidistant setting is in the bottom of driping irrigation pipe (15), the nominal flow of dripper (23) sets up to 1.1L/H, interval between dripper (23) sets up to 0.3 m.

6. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first electromagnetic valve (13) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) are both set to be automatically controlled electromagnetic valves with pressure regulating functions, pressure required by the head parts of all the irrigation planting greenhouses (1) is preset, automatic management is carried out on the planting greenhouses (1) for convenience, the valve size is set to be 2-4 electromagnetic valves according to the actual conditions of project areas, and pressure regulators (14) are mounted on the valve bodies of the first electromagnetic valve (13) and the second electromagnetic valve (16).

7. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: soil moisture sensor (18) set up adjacent two drip irrigation in the soil of planting big-arch shelter (1) between pipe (15), soil moisture sensor (18) are provided with a plurality of, a plurality of soil moisture sensor (18) are the even setting of dot matrix form.

8. The water-saving drip irrigation technology for potato planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outside of planting big-arch shelter (1) is fixed with control box (21), be provided with central controller (22) in control box (21), the output of soil moisture sensor (18), the output of first water level sensor (19) and the output of second water level sensor (20) all with the input electric connection of central controller (22), the output of central controller (22) respectively with the input of first water pump (5), the input of second water pump (8), the input of third water pump (11), the input of first solenoid valve (13) and the input electric connection of second solenoid valve (16).