CN1162433A - 带有组合的过滤器元件和收集组件的真空吸尘器 - Google Patents

带有组合的过滤器元件和收集组件的真空吸尘器 Download PDF

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CN1162433A
CN1162433A CN97102231A CN97102231A CN1162433A CN 1162433 A CN1162433 A CN 1162433A CN 97102231 A CN97102231 A CN 97102231A CN 97102231 A CN97102231 A CN 97102231A CN 1162433 A CN1162433 A CN 1162433A
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vacuum cleaner
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CN1134240C (zh
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M·安东尼·梅里托
安东尼·B·罗克
安东尼·J·阿博特
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/14Bags or the like; Rigid filtering receptacles; Attachment of, or closures for, bags or receptacles
    • A47L9/1427Means for mounting or attaching bags or filtering receptacles in suction cleaners; Adapters
    • A47L9/1463Means for mounting or attaching bags or filtering receptacles in suction cleaners; Adapters specially adapted for rigid filtering receptacles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/14Bags or the like; Rigid filtering receptacles; Attachment of, or closures for, bags or receptacles
    • A47L9/1409Rigid filtering receptacles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L5/00Structural features of suction cleaners
    • A47L5/12Structural features of suction cleaners with power-driven air-pumps or air-compressors, e.g. driven by motor vehicle engine vacuum
    • A47L5/22Structural features of suction cleaners with power-driven air-pumps or air-compressors, e.g. driven by motor vehicle engine vacuum with rotary fans
    • A47L5/28Suction cleaners with handles and nozzles fixed on the casings, e.g. wheeled suction cleaners with steering handle
    • A47L5/30Suction cleaners with handles and nozzles fixed on the casings, e.g. wheeled suction cleaners with steering handle with driven dust-loosening tools, e.g. rotating brushes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/02Nozzles
    • A47L9/04Nozzles with driven brushes or agitators
    • A47L9/0405Driving means for the brushes or agitators
    • A47L9/0411Driving means for the brushes or agitators driven by electric motor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/02Nozzles
    • A47L9/04Nozzles with driven brushes or agitators
    • A47L9/0461Dust-loosening tools, e.g. agitators, brushes
    • A47L9/0466Rotating tools
    • A47L9/0477Rolls
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00Gas separation
    • Y10S55/03Vacuum cleaner

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filters For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
  • Electric Suction Cleaners (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有可拆卸的收集组合体的真空吸尘器。组合体有一连合的收集件及过滤器元件。收集组件有一整体件的底架及连接到底架的敞口后端的盖件。过滤器元件在内侧面上永久地连接于盖件。盖件有肋条,肋条将过滤器元件与盖件后侧面间隔开,并在过滤器元件和盖件之间形成一气流空间。盖件以摩擦气密性连接方式安装到底架的突缘上。

Description

本发明涉及真空吸尘器,尤其涉及一种组合的过滤器元件和收集组件。
美国专利US4,745,654公开了一种带纸滤器的真空吸尘器,其中纸过滤器被固定于过滤器固定器和尘土盒之间。美国专利US5,020,186及US5,115,538公开了一种带尘土容器及过滤器袋的真空吸尘器,过滤器袋带有利用周边密封垫可拆卸地密封就位的支承架。美国专利US3,758,914公开了一种具有手把的可拆卸污物盒的真空吸尘器。美国专利US4,426,211公开了一种具有带手把的尘土收集器及两个过滤器的真空吸尘器。辅助过滤器形成收集器的端盖。其他相关的美国专利有US3,914,820,US2,564,339和US3,621,640。
本发明的目的是提供一种高性能电池驱动的真空吸尘器,它在其基底移动头内安装有一马达一推进器和一可旋转的刷,在移动头内还装有一可拆除的过滤器,可旋转刷安置在移动头上形成的吸尘器吸入口前,并可与吸入口分离。
下面结合附图对本发明的上述内容及其它特点进行解释,其中:
图1是结合本发明特点的真空吸尘器的透视图。
图2是沿图1中2-2线剖切的真空吸尘器基底移动头的剖视图。
图3是沿图2中3-3线剖切的移动头剖视图。
图3A是图1所示真空吸尘器的仰视图。
图4是沿图3中4-4线剖切的移动头剖视图。
图5是用于图1所示真空吸尘器的收集组件透视图。
图6是沿图5中6-6线剖切的收集组件剖视图。
图7是图6中展示的区域7的放大图。
图8是图5所示收集组件放大后视图。
图9是本发明另一实施例的局部后向和侧向的透视图。
参看图1,图1中展示了包括本发明特点的真空吸尘器10的透视图。虽然本发明将结合附图展示的实施例进行说明,但是应该明白,本发明可以包括各种不同类型的替换实施例。此外,本发明可以使用任何合适尺寸、形状、或种类的构件或使用任何材料。
真空吸尘器10通常有一手把12及一基底移动头即组件14。但是应该注意到,本发明的特点可以结合到任何合适形状或构造的真空吸尘器。在所示实施例中,手把12最好由塑料或聚合物材料制作,并在枢轴销16处以枢轴方式与移动头14连接。参看图2,3,移动头14一般有一壳体18,一主扇叶片马达20,一辅助刷马达22,电池组件24,一推进器或扇叶片26及一收集部件或组件28。壳体18最好由塑料制成,并在其底部连接有轮子或滚子30(见图3A)。壳体18最好是由两个大致为蚌壳状的壳件:一顶件18b及一底壳件18a构成。将两壳件相互连接,以便在其内部容纳马达、电池、及推进器,从而大致构成整壳体18。主马达20与壳体18固定连接,并从其前端延伸出一驱动轴32。
如图1所示,推进器26与驱动轴32相连。壳体18在其顶面上有空气排放槽34,以便将由推进器26运动所产生的空气排出壳体18外。真空吸尘器10具有一个连接于壳体18的喉管或空气导向管36。空气导向管36环绕着推进器26。在一较佳实施例中,将空气导向管36与构成壳体18的顶部和底部壳体件18a,18b模铸或一整体。空气导向管36可以是安装在壳体内的一个分离件,它大致为延伸的螺旋状,且具有一入口部分38。文杜里管或入口部分38大致为一漏斗形状。推进器26是一种离心式风扇叶片。通过入口部分38进入的空气被推向空气导向管36,并从空气排放槽34排出。
第二马达22连接于壳体18的前面部分。通过一传动带(未示出)将第二马达22与壳体前部的可转动刷40连接。传动带将马达22与正安装到两驱动部分或皮带轮42,44上的刷40可操作地连接。当第二马达22转动驱动皮带轮42时,传动带就被转动。传动带转动驱动部分44,依次地转动刷40。然而,可采用任何合适类型的刷驱动系统。作为一种替代,无需配置旋转刷。刷40在凹槽46内可旋转地连接于壳体18上。凹槽46除了其底部的一个开口48外全被封闭。刷40的一端穿过凹槽41一侧面的开口伸出。刷40的鬃毛从底开口48中伸出,并通过壳体18的底部。
电池组24包括六个可再充电的电池。而且,本发明的特点也可使用于不用电池驱动的真空吸尘器中。电池组24被固定连接到壳体18上,位于第一马达20下方,并位于相对两侧。由于电池是可再充电的,所以这种真空吸尘器还具有一用于连接充电器的电插口58及一个用于将插口58与电池组24连接的印刷电路板60。通过一个三位开关50,电池组24与两个马达20,22进行通电连接。开关50有一个第一断开位置(OFF)和二个接通位置(ON)。二个接通位置包括一第一接通位置,在此位置处,只有第一马达20通电;还包括一个第二接通位置,在此位置上两马达20,22均通电。开关50有一启动插棒52。在壳体18的后部以枢轴方式安装着一弹簧张紧的脚踏板54。脚踏板54用枢轴55安装到壳体上。脚踏板54有一个部件56,在脚踏板54被压下时,部件56处于压下启动插棒52的位置。当然,也可以提供任何合适形式的控制机构。
参看图4,在凹槽46后面有一吸入口62。正如在图3A底视图上看到的那样,入口62与凹槽46用壁64分隔开。入口62具有一第一下部66及一第二上部68。从图2中的前面往后看时,两部分66,68有一相当窄的长度A,下部66具有一宽的底孔70,孔70延伸越过差不多壳体18的总宽度。如图4所示,下部66的顶壁67当其从上部68沿侧向向外延伸时向下倾斜。如图3A所示,下部66的前壁74是直的。但下部66的后壁有部段76,当部段76接近组件14的侧壁部分,则部段76向前壁74倾斜。上部68在其顶上有一个将空气与碎屑移入收集组件28用的小孔72。
壳体18有一个延伸至其顶面,用于以可拆卸方式容纳收集组件28的孔洞78。孔洞78大致为矩形。如图3所示,孔洞78有两个前拐角80及两个后拐角82。为了如下所述的锁紧作用,前拐角80的半径大于后拐角的半径。抽吸口62的小孔72通向孔洞78的前面。如图2所示,孔洞78的后壁86也有一个小孔84,小孔84的前部有一入口部分38。
参看图5-8,图中示出收集组件28。收集组件28一般具有一底架88,一过滤器89及一盖件90。在本实施例中,底架88是由塑料或聚合物模铸成的整体件。底架88有一带进口或入口小孔94的前壁92,一大致敞开的后端96,两个带槽100的侧壁98,一底壁101及一顶壁102。底架88形成一个其内带碎屑容纳区域104的杯样形状,连接于底架88内部碎屑容纳区域104的是一个可移动挡板106。挡板106连接到入口94上方的前壁92上。挡板106下悬盖住入口94,从而将碎屑留在容纳区域104处。顶壁102有一个整体模铸成的手把108。顶壁102倾斜以便与壳体18顶面的倾角相配合,并如图1所示构成组件14顶面的一部分。在侧壁98上的槽100设置得与悬伸的钩扣锁销110配合(参看图2)(只能看见其中的一个),锁销位于壳体18的孔洞78的侧壁上。锁销110将组件28锁闭于孔洞78中。当然,在由使用者将一足够大的向上力施加到手把108时,锁销110会向外偏斜,由此可将组件28从壳体18中移出。底架88的前拐角114的大小和形状适合于与孔洞78的前拐角80相配合。与孔洞78相似,组件28的后拐角116有小于前拐114的曲率半径。后拐角116的大小和形状适合于与孔洞78的后拐角相配合。作为锁紧系统的不同拐角的作用是防止大致为方形的组件28以相反的位置插入到该孔洞中。
底架88后端96有一安装突缘112。突缘112环绕整个后端96。配置突缘112的目的是使盖件90能安装到底架88上,盖件90由弹性聚合材料制作,并有大致为平面的形状。盖件90有一个周边安装件113,件113带有将突缘112容纳在其中的安装突缘容纳槽口118,从而将盖件90以摩擦方式连接到底架88上。突缘112大致是矩形,而槽口118有一与之配合的矩形。盖件90有一个平后壁122,后壁上有一单通孔120。盖件90还有四个间隔肋条124,它们从后壁122延伸出一短的长度。在一个替换实施例中,可以配置多于或少于四个的间隔肋条。间隔肋条124从小孔120径向延伸。在盖件90安装到底架88上时,在安装突缘112和周边安装件113之间盖件90形成气密性密封。这样一来,小孔120就是从组件28内部穿过盖件90的唯一的通道。
过滤器89是允许空气透过的一张单层材料,但它能防止尘土及碎屑穿过。过滤器89例如通过粘接或焊接方法被永久地连接到盖件90上。更具体地说,将过滤器89的周边接于周边安装件113的边缘,而且也连接到间隔肋条124的端部。因此,在盖件90的后壁122与过滤器之间就确立起一开放的空间或间隙126。空气可以在任何位置(除了与盖件的连结点)穿过过滤器89而进入间隙126。一旦空气进入间隙126,空气就可以穿过间隙126进入小孔120,然后被排出收集组件28。这就提供了一个宽的过滤区域。在将盖件90从底架88上拆下时,过滤器89随盖件一起卸下以便于清理。因盖件90拆下时,底架的整个后端被敞开。故从收集组件中排放尘土、废物及碎屑极为简单,也易于清理底架内部。当收集组件28适当地安置于壳体18的孔洞78中时,小孔120就与围绕着推进器26的管或扩散器36的入口部分38对准。小孔120偏离盖件90的中心。以便与入口部分38适当对准。为了防止盖件在一颠倒位置中与底架88连接,其中孔120不对准入口部分38,突缘112和槽118的上拐角有一急剧的转角或曲率半径,下拐角130有一较缓和的转角或曲率半径。如果试图在一颠倒位置方向将盖件90连接到底架88上时,打算配合拐角的误配形状将会防止在这种错误方向上的连接。因此,拐角128,130的形状起到保证正确连接的键控机构的作用。在一替换实施例中,任何合适类型的系统都可用来连接底架的盖件。过滤器89是可冲洗的。因此,在为了从收集组件28中卸除废物而拆下盖件90后,使用者可以冲洗盖件90以便清洁过滤器90。
在操作中,当使用者压下脚踏板54时,开关50启动开动主马达ON,但不起动刷子马达22ON,为使地板裸露或节省蓄电池的电能。如果脚踏板54再次被压下,开关50就保持主马达20接通,并使第二马达22也接通。再压下脚踏板45,就使两个马达切断。主马达20接通时,推进器26转动。这就使空气和尘土、污物或碎屑吸入在组件底部的抽吸口62。空气和被带入物通过入口进入收集组件28。由推进器26引起的通过收集组件入口94的气流使挡板106往回移动。大尺寸的收集组件容纳区域104使在容纳区域的空气速度小于入口94处的空气速度。这就能使带入的污物、尘土和碎屑落入容纳区域104。在过滤器89与盖件90的后壁122间的间隙126通过将真空吸力大致分布于过滤器的整个表面上,而促使在容纳区域104中的空气速度减缓。穿过小孔120的空气被推进器26在顶表面内的槽口34处推出壳体18。
在过去用可再充电电池驱动的真空吸尘器中的一个问题是,为了不太快地耗尽可再充电电池的能量,抽吸力受到驱动推进器的马达必须是小型的限制。通过在抽吸口62处及在刷40处壳体18的独特构形,真空吸尘器10克服了这一问题。更具体地说,刷40及其凹槽46用壁64与入口62分隔开。这就有助于使在下部70处的入口区域变小。这样一来,由推进器产生的真空压力被集中在组件14底部的一小区域内。为了进一步有助于在组件14的整个宽度内获得最大真空效果,使壁部分76从后向前倾斜(见图3A),并使壁67向下倾斜(见图4),以此分配真空压力。这样,就使真空吸尘器10能以相对小的马达和推进器在抽吸口62底部处提供良好的抽吸作用,并且还配置一马达驱动旋转刷,该刷并不太大地影响在抽吸口处的抽吸作用。刷40起一种搅拌器的作用。它不直接将尘土、污物及碎屑推入入口62中,而是将它们推到抽吸入口62下方区域。在一种公知的老式真空吸尘器中,旋转刷处于抽吸口处或与抽吸口连接,这会增大抽吸口的面积,而且又会使真空吸力分布在一个大区域面积上,因而减少其抽吸作用。小入口62以及用于刷40的分离的、隔开的凹槽46克服了上述问题。
在本实施例中展示的基底移动头14,将真空吸尘器10的全部工作构件均容纳于约8.5×11英寸的相当紧凑的行走吸尘用基底壳体中。这就提供了一个较低的重心,并使该移动头14在使用中较少出现麻烦。并且废物从吸入口进入收集组件28处的移动距离较短。结果可以减小动力消耗、延长运行时间,以及从使用动力的观点看相对于真空效率来说提供一种总的更为有效的系统。
现在参看图9,图中展示了本发明另一实施例的局部后向和侧向的透视图。真空吸尘器200与真空吸尘器10相似。但吸尘器200有两个可更换的可再充电电池202。在手把204的底部的后部有一个带两个孔洞208的区域206及一个电池接头210。孔洞208的大小及形状适宜于以滑动方式容纳电池202。电池可拆卸地插入衔接起弹簧夹作用的接头210。电池可从吸尘器200上拆下,以便在单独的电池充电站内(未示出)充电。接头210用电线212与开关50连接。与吸尘器10相似,开关50能将电供应给主电机20及刷用电机。在一较佳实施例中,电池是由Black & Decker(美国)Inc出售的VERSAPAK电池,VERSAPAK是Towson Maryland的The Black & Decker公司的商标。当然,任何合适类型的可拆卸的可再充电电池均可使用。本实施例能十分迅速、容易地用新的充电电池更换旧电池,因此一旦装入的电池变弱时,用户无需为使用真空吸尘器而等候电池充电。

Claims (20)

1、在具有一壳体,一个位于壳体内的马达,一与马达连接的推进器,以及以可拆卸方式连接于壳体的垃圾收集组件的真空吸尘器中,其改进包括:
收集组件有一底架,一盖件及一过滤器元件,盖件以可拆卸地连接到底架,以便基本上闭合底架的一敞开侧面,盖件有一个贯穿它的排放孔,过滤器元件在排放孔上方与盖件的内表面永久性地连接,
2、如权利要求1所述的真空吸尘器,其中,底架有一安装突缘环绕底架的敞开侧面,盖件安装在该安装突缘上。
3、如权利要求2所述的真空吸尘器,其中,盖件有一个安装突缘容纳槽,在该槽内容纳安装突缘,并以摩擦方式将盖件与底架连接。
4、如权利要求3所述的真空吸尘器,其中,安装突缘和槽具有大致为矩形的形状,锁紧机构使盖件与底架仅在一个位置上进行连接。
5、如权利要求1所述的真空吸尘器,其中,盖件具有分隔肋条,用以将过滤器元件与盖件的后壁间隔开,由此而在过滤器元件与该后壁间形成一敞开的空间。
6、如权利要求1所述的真空吸尘器,其中,底架与顶面上的整体手把是一体的模铸件。
7、如权利要求6所述的真空吸尘器,其中,底架的前侧面上有一进口,一个可动挡板在进口后与底架连接。
8、如权利要求1所述的真空吸尘器,其中,壳体有一容纳收集组件的孔洞,底架的顶面构成真空吸尘器的基底移动头顶面的部分。
9、如权利要求8所述的真空吸尘器,其中,底架内有一槽缝,壳体有一在孔洞内的悬伸的可偏转的钩锁件,钩锁件突伸入槽缝中,以便将收集组件固定地但可拆卸地安装到壳体中。
10、如权利要求8所述的真空吸尘器,其中,孔洞有第一尺寸和形状的两个前拐角,和具有第二尺寸和形状的两个后拐角,收集组件有在孔洞内相匹配的拐角,从而使收集组件只能在第一位置上插入孔洞。
11、一种真空吸尘器收集组件,包括:
一底架,它形成一个容纳区域,并具有一大致敞开的后端;
一基本平面形的盖件,盖件与底架的后端连接,盖件基本上封闭底架的后端,并有一贯穿它的排放孔,以及
一个与盖件内面连接的平过滤器元件,并通过盖件的间隔肋使过滤器元件与盖件的后壁间隔开,从而空气能穿过过滤器元件进入过滤器与盖件后壁之间的空间,并穿过该空间到盖件上的排放小孔。
12、如权利要求11所述的组件,其中,有一安装突缘环绕底架的敞开后端,盖件安装在该安装突缘上。
13、如权利要求12所述的组件,其中,盖件上有一安装突缘容纳槽,在该槽内容纳安装突缘,并以摩擦方式将盖件与底架连接。
14、如权利要求13所述的组件,其中,安装突缘和槽具有大致为矩形的形状,锁紧机构使盖件与底架仅在一个位置上进行连接。
15、如权利要求11所述的组件,其中,底架与顶面上的整体手把是一体的模铸件。
16、如权利要求15所述的组件,其中,底架的前侧面有一进口,一可动挡板在进口后与底架连接。
17、一真空吸尘器,包括:
一壳体;
一置于壳体内的马达;
一与马达连接的推进器;及
一与壳体可拆卸地连接的收集标准组合体,该组合体有一连合的收集组件及过滤器元件,收集组件具有一带一入口的底架及一与底架连接的盖件,盖件上有贯通它的排气孔,过滤器元件永久性地连接于盖件内,并盖住排气孔,过滤器元件与盖件的后壁间隔开,因而在过滤器和盖件的后壁之间形成一敞开的空间。
18、如权利要求17所述的真空吸尘器,其中,底架与顶面上的整体手把,敞开后端,及一个环绕敞开后端的安装突缘是一整体件。
19、如权利要求18所述的真空吸尘器,其中,盖件安装突缘上与底架相连,盖件有一容纳安装突缘的容纳槽,并在其间形成摩擦方式的气密性安装连接。
20、如权利要求17所述的真空吸尘器,其中,盖件内侧有间隔肋条,肋条将过滤器元件和盖件后壁间隔开。
CNB971022313A 1996-01-11 1997-01-10 带有组合的过滤器元件和收集组件的真空吸尘器 Expired - Fee Related CN1134240C (zh)

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DE69706448D1 (de) 2001-10-11
CN1134240C (zh) 2004-01-14
US5664285A (en) 1997-09-09
US5829090A (en) 1998-11-03
SG43574A1 (en) 1997-10-17
AU7539196A (en) 1997-07-17
EP0783865A3 (en) 1998-05-13
MX9700281A (es) 1997-07-31
CA2192909A1 (en) 1997-07-12
DE69706448T2 (de) 2002-04-18
CA2192909C (en) 2005-02-15
NZ314030A (en) 1998-01-26
KR970058648A (ko) 1997-08-12
BR9700084A (pt) 1998-11-10
EP0783865A2 (en) 1997-07-16
EP0783865B1 (en) 2001-09-05

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