CN1160836A - 气化器通向余热锅炉的通道中的耐火炉衬 - Google Patents

气化器通向余热锅炉的通道中的耐火炉衬 Download PDF

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CN1160836A
CN1160836A CN96112027A CN96112027A CN1160836A CN 1160836 A CN1160836 A CN 1160836A CN 96112027 A CN96112027 A CN 96112027A CN 96112027 A CN96112027 A CN 96112027A CN 1160836 A CN1160836 A CN 1160836A
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J·希林
K·柯伦
D·布卢克
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Abstract

一种带有用于支撑耐火型砖的爪手/托架的从气化器通向余热锅炉的过渡段中的耐火炉衬。爪手(8)挂在接管(3)中的挂钩(7)上并通过冷却管防止过热。耐火炉衬通过焊接在管外壳(5)的接板上(管—接板—管—焊接)的、上下叠置的托架(9)实现支撑。在冷却管外壳和水平管壁(23)上的和下托架通过带有水滴状凸起(26)的耐火泥料来防止结渣。在型砖节段(17)之间分别在托架下面设有伸缩缝(27)，同时在爪手的上面嵌入纤维板的环形节段(6)。

Description

气化器通向余热锅炉 的通道中的耐火炉衬
本发明涉及气化器通向余热锅炉的具有固定耐火异型砖的支架的一段通道中的耐火炉衬。
从气化炉到余热锅炉的通道不仅要流过热的合成气体，而且受到热炉渣的冲击作用。这一段通道中的温度高于1400℃。
在高的温度和附加的气体/固体流体下，由钢制成的未加保护的材料是不稳定的。因此，在这个区域内铺上耐火材料。人们在捣打料的炉料、ff-异型砖或两种材料的组合体之间进行选择，然而，异型砖是具有较好质量的的材料。
由位于奥伯豪森-霍尔顿的鲁尔化学公司的鲁尔(SAR)合成气装置的提供商(Anmeldrin)提供的近旁有合成气冷却器的余热锅炉的化学反应器是一种在化学反应器和合成气冷却器之间的通道内铺有由异型砖构成的耐火炉衬。
在铸造角撑架上总是铺上环形的高级异型砖，它们彼此固定在气化器的接管末端和合成气的接管末端。在冷却管的外壳中，异型砖铺在环绕通向水平冷却管壁的垂直冷却管的通道的管道凸起部上。
通过高温产生的热应力和由此引起的ff-材料的运动通过冷却管外壳的环绕的凸起部上的ff-异型砖的托架或支架以及通过没有附加的伸缩缝和弹性的中间材料的气化器接管末端上的固定点直接传递到上游的高压部分，例如冷却管外壳的管道上；此外，砖的全部自重施加在托架上。此外，在两个容器之间的通道上的上固定点(角撑架)没有被冷却，和ff-材料在连续损耗严重时，易于遭受过热。
本发明的任务是在反应器和合成气冷却器之间的一段通道中铺设耐火炉衬用以降低ff-材料中的应力，便砖的自重分摊在不同的支架上，抵消ff-砖和固定装置之间的相对移动，使横断面没有明显的变化，使固定装置不必固定在供水部件(锅炉管)上以及通过附加的冷却避免所谓的主爪手过热。
本发明的任务是通过权利要求1中的特征部分解决的，从属权利要求描述了本发明有利的布置。
根据本发明，耐火区域是由未冷却的接管中的三个不同的、并排布置的铺砖位置以及不同的特种异型砖、肩挂式异型砖和普通砖组成，这些砖是由温度、损耗、内外压以及使用寿命决定的。
耐火砖炉衬通过砖的支撑系统支撑在合成气冷却器的接管和冷却管外壳上，支撑系统由上下重叠布置的角撑架组成，在冷却管外管区域中角撑架被固定在管-隔板-管-焊接体的隔板上并且在接管区域中，被悬挂在爪手上以及在那角撑架被冷却。此外，通过本发明的措施可满足下面的要求：-用于ff-砖的托架被分布在各个平面上，以便分担砖的重量和尽可能低的保持局部应力，-通过使用陶瓷的弹性材料确保抵消ff-砖和固定装置结构之间的相对移动，-在通道中没有明显的横断面变化，-砖的固定装置被焊接在上游高压部分(锅炉管)之间的隔板上。-通过安装阶段冷却避免主爪手过热，-选择砖的规格和砖的结构以便砖中的应力保持较低，-在冷却管外壳的下输出端上铸造一个滴水槽，因此炉渣不会沿着水平壁慢慢地移动并且在水平壁以及舱壁和管外壳上结渣。
借助于附图进一步说明本发明的实施例。
图1表示气化器和余热锅炉的通道截面图，
图2表示从气化器到余热锅炉的通道上的ff-材料的截面图。
根据图1，在汽化器(1)和余热锅炉(4)之间的一段通道的内部中引进ff-炉衬，该炉衬由一系列的普通砖和异型砖构成。
这段通道的外部是由未冷却的汽化器接管(2)和在余热锅炉(3、4)上部经冷却的管外壳(5)组成的。
在管外壳(5)中ff-炉衬的支撑通过上下放置的角撑架(9)实现，角撑架焊接在管外壳(5)的隔板(管-隔板-管焊接体)上。
在余热锅炉(4)的接管(3)中装有挂钩(17)，为了支撑上方的ff-炉衬，把挂钩放入爪手(8)中。通过冷却系统(10、11、12)避免爪手过热。
通过附加的带有环绕的滴水槽(26)的ff-炉料(25)防止在冷却管外壳(5)、水平管壁(23)、贮水槽(30)和管壁(31)上的最低的角撑架结渣。
在异型砖段(17)之间在角撑架(9)的下面总是预定有伸缩缝(27)，然而在ff-炉衬之间通向接管(2)的通道上装有环形的陶瓷纤维垫(6)。在管外壳(5)的上部和冷却系统(10、11、12)之间具有ff-捣实炉料(24)或者类似物的。
图2表述了汽化器(2)的接管和余热锅炉(4)的进入管接头(3)之间的一段通道中的ff-炉料的结构。通过爪手(8)实现ff-砖衬里的支撑，通过冷却系统(10、11、12)避免爪手过热。
在爪手(8)上首先每一个位置布置异型砖(13，14)，向其中部使用异型型(18，19)，这里在砖(19)上放置水平安放的陶瓷纤维板(6)的环形段和在砖(19)和(14)之间放置垂直安放的纤维板(28)。在它们的上方内部在每一位置中放置砖(15，16)和在它的上面放置砖(17)。此外中间的异型砖(20)和外面的异型砖(21)以及陶瓷垫(22)用于隔离。附号说明：
1、一段通道
2、汽化器
3、余热锅炉的进入管接头
4、余热锅炉
5、冷却管外壳
6、陶瓷纤维垫
7、挂钩
8、爪手
9、角撑架
10、蛇形冷却管
11、密封槽
12、陶瓷纤毛13、异型砖14、异型砖15、异型砖16、异型砖17、内部异型砖18、肩挂式异型砖19、肩挂式异型砖20、中间异型砖21、外部异型砖22、陶瓷垫23、水平管壁24、绝缘泥料25、ff-捣实料26、滴水槽27、伸缩缝28、陶瓷纤维垫29、陶瓷纤维垫块30、贮水槽31、管壁

Claims (8)

1.在汽化器通向余热锅炉的带有用于固定耐火异型砖的角撑架的一段通道中的耐火炉衬，其特征在于在这段通道(11)中，在余热锅炉(4)的进入管接头(3)上引入悬挂在挂钩(7)上的爪手(8)，在爪手(8)的下面在密封槽(11)中安放蛇形冷却管(10)，在冷却管外壳(5)中间隔一段距离内固定上下重叠的角撑架(9)，上下分层堆放的耐火砖被放置在爪手(8)和角撑架(9)上。
2.根据权利要求1的耐火炉衬，其特征在于在爪手(8)上具有上下重叠的异型砖(13、14、15、16和17)的复合结构。
3.根据权利要求2的耐火炉衬，其特征在于从较高部位异型砖(13，14)到中部肩挂式异型砖(18，19)中具有水平放置的陶瓷纤维板(6)和垂直放置的陶瓷纤维板(28)。
4.根据权利要求2和3的耐火炉衬，其特征在于在内部铺设的异型砖(15、16、17)和进入管接头(3)之间具有中间和外部的异型砖(20、21)和陶瓷垫(22)。
5.根据权利要求1的耐火炉衬，其特征在于上角在撑架(9)上具有上下重叠的异型砖(17)和在每个角撑架(9)的下方在异型砖(17)之间预定有伸缩缝(27)。
6.根据权利要求5的耐火炉衬，其特征在于在冷却管(5)的下端和水平管壁(23)的底侧具有一个带有对准内部的滴水槽(26)的ff-捣实用料(25)。
7.根据权利要求5和6的耐火炉衬，其特征在于在冷却管外壳(5)末端在角撑架(9)的上面引入肩挂式异型砖(18)。
8.根据权利要求1的耐火炉衬，其特征在于在蛇形冷却管(10)的周围放置陶瓷纤维垫一块(29)。
CN96112027A 1995-09-13 1996-09-13 气化器通向余热锅炉的通道中的耐火炉衬 Expired - Lifetime CN1105263C (zh)

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CN101451768B (zh) * 2007-11-28 2010-09-22 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 一种余热锅炉
CN105617955A (zh) * 2014-10-10 2016-06-01 瑞科硅公司 在流化床反应器中使用的分段衬和过渡支撑环
CN108444302A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-24 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 冶金炉烟道

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KR100416575B1 (ko) 2004-03-18
CA2205261A1 (en) 1997-03-20
ATE186070T1 (de) 1999-11-15
CZ294659B6 (cs) 2005-02-16
GR3032211T3 (en) 2000-04-27
PL182793B1 (pl) 2002-03-29
CA2205261C (en) 2006-11-14
CN1105263C (zh) 2003-04-09
ES2140002T3 (es) 2000-02-16
DE59603472D1 (de) 1999-12-02
PL320143A1 (en) 1997-09-15
AU704003B2 (en) 1999-04-01
JP4088803B2 (ja) 2008-05-21
CZ145997A3 (en) 1997-09-17
DE19533912A1 (de) 1997-03-27
EP0763589B1 (de) 1999-10-27
US5873329A (en) 1999-02-23
EP0793702A2 (de) 1997-09-10
WO1997010315A3 (de) 1997-05-15
JPH10510582A (ja) 1998-10-13
DK0763589T3 (da) 1999-11-08
DE19533912C2 (de) 1998-09-24
EP0763589A1 (de) 1997-03-19
KR970707261A (ko) 1997-12-01
WO1997010315A2 (de) 1997-03-20

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