CN116056544A - 多种主体材料和包含所述主体材料的有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
多种主体材料和包含所述主体材料的有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116056544A CN116056544A CN202310013122.3A CN202310013122A CN116056544A CN 116056544 A CN116056544 A CN 116056544A CN 202310013122 A CN202310013122 A CN 202310013122A CN 116056544 A CN116056544 A CN 116056544A
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- substituted
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- alkyl
- aryl
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 57
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000000923 (C1-C30) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005104 aryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 87
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- -1 and the like Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 16
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 11
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000000739 C2-C30 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 5
- 125000006736 (C6-C20) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000006749 (C6-C60) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzofuran Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 3
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005874 benzothiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004934 phenanthridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC=C3C=CC=CC3=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005247 tetrazinyl group Chemical group N1=NN=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005106 triarylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006651 (C3-C20) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000530 1-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BGEVROQFKHXUQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 71012-25-4 Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1N2 BGEVROQFKHXUQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004947 alkyl aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005107 alkyl diaryl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous quinoline Natural products N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005870 benzindolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004604 benzisothiazolyl group Chemical group S1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004603 benzisoxazolyl group Chemical group O1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002047 benzodioxolyl group Chemical group O1OC(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N binaphthyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005105 dialkylarylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004986 diarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005299 dibenzofluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=C3C(=C4C=5C=CC=CC5CC4=C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004987 dibenzofuryl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004988 dibenzothienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003914 fluoranthenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C1=C23)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002979 perylenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001935 tetracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006822 tri(C1-C30) alkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
-
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Abstract
多种主体材料和包含所述主体材料的有机电致发光器件。一种有机电致发光器件,其包含在阳极与阴极之间的至少一个发光层,其中所述发光层包含主体和磷光掺杂剂,所述主体包含多种主体化合物,所述多种主体化合物的至少第一主体化合物由下式1表示,并且第二主体化合物由下式20或21表示,
Description
本发明专利申请是国际申请号为PCT/KR2015/008727,国际申请日为2015年8月20日,进入中国国家阶段的申请号为201580043992.9,名称为“多种主体材料和包含所述主体材料的有机电致发光器件”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及多种主体材料和包含所述多种主体材料的有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
电致发光器件(EL器件)是自动发光器件,其优点在于它提供较宽的视角、较大的对比率和较快的响应时间。第一有机EL器件由伊士曼柯达(Eastman Kodak)通过使用小芳香族二胺分子和铝络合物作为用于形成发光层的材料而开发[应用物理学报(Appl.Phys.Lett.)51,913,1987]。
有机EL器件(OLED)为通过向有机电致发光材料施加电将电能改变成光的器件,且一般具有包含阳极、阴极及在阳极和阴极之间的有机层的结构。有机EL器件的有机层可由空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子阻挡层、发光层(其包含主体材料和掺杂剂材料)、电子缓冲层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层等组成,并且用于有机层的材料通过其功能分类为空穴注入材料、空穴传输材料、电子阻挡材料、发光材料、电子缓冲材料、空穴阻挡材料、电子传输材料、电子注入材料等。在有机EL器件中,由于电压的施加,空穴从阳极注入到发光层,电子从阴极注入到发光层,且高能量的激子通过空穴和电子的再结合形成。通过此能量,发光有机化合物达到激发态,并且通过由于发光有机化合物的激发态返回到基态产生的能量发射光而发生发光。
决定有机EL器件发光效率的最重要因素是发光材料。发光材料必须具有高量子效率、高电子及空穴迁移率,且形成的发光材料层必须均匀且稳定。发光材料根据发光的颜色分类为发蓝光材料、发绿光材料及发红光材料,以及另外发黄光材料或发橙光材料。此外,发光材料还可根据其功能分为主体材料和掺杂剂材料。近来,开发提供高效率和长寿命的有机EL器件为紧迫问题。具体来说,考虑OLED的中等或大尺寸面板的EL特征需求,必须迫切地开发特征比常规材料好的材料。以固态用作溶剂且传递能量的主体材料需要具有高纯度及适于真空沉积的分子量。此外,主体材料需要具有实现热稳定性的高玻璃化转变温度及高热分解温度、实现长寿命的高电-化学稳定性、容易形成非晶形薄膜、与相邻层的材料良好粘合及不迁移到其它层。
发光材料可以主体和掺杂剂的组合形式使用来改进色纯度、发光效率和稳定性。一般而言,具有优异特征的EL器件具有包含通过将掺杂剂掺杂到主体形成的发光层的结构。因为当使用掺杂剂/主体材料体系作为发光材料时,主体材料极大地影响EL器件的效率和寿命,因此其选择是至关重要的。
韩国专利申请公开第10-2008-0080306号公开了一种使用其中两个咔唑经由亚芳基键联的化合物作为主体材料的有机电致发光器件,并且国际公布第WO 2013/112557 A1号公开了一种使用其中双咔唑直接或经由亚芳基键联到咔唑的化合物作为主体材料的有机电致发光器件。然而,参考文献未公开使用其中包含芳基的双咔唑化合物和其中二苯并咔唑直接或经由亚芳基键联到含氮杂芳基的化合物作为多种主体材料的有机电致发光器件。
发明内容
打算解决的问题
本发明的目标为提供一种具有长寿命同时维持高发光效率的有机电致发光器件。
问题的解决方案
本发明人发现上述目标可通过一种有机电致发光器件来实现,所述有机电致发光器件包含在阳极与阴极之间的至少一个发光层,其中发光层包含主体和磷光掺杂剂,主体包含多种主体化合物,多种主体化合物的至少第一主体化合物由下式1表示并且第二主体化合物由下式2表示:
其中
A1和A2各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基,其条件是A1和A2的取代基不为含氮杂芳基;
L1表示单键,或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)亚芳基;
X1到X16各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、氰基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C2-C30)烯基、经取代或未经取代的(C2-C30)炔基、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C60)芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元到30元杂芳基、经取代或未经取代的三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基,或经取代或未经取代的单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环(C3-C30)脂环族环或芳香族环,其(一个或多个)碳原子可经选自氮、氧和硫的至少一个杂原子置换;
其中
L表示单键,或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)亚芳基;
X和Y各自独立地表示N或CR17;
R1到R17各自独立地表示氢、氘、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元到30元杂芳基、经取代或未经取代的单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳氨基、经取代或未经取代的三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基,或经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环(C3-C30)脂环族环或芳香族环,其(一个或多个)碳原子可经选自氮、氧和硫的至少一个杂原子置换;以及
杂芳基含有选自B、N、O、S、Si和P的至少一个杂原子。
本发明的有利作用
根据本发明,提供了一种具有高效率和长寿命的有机电致发光器件,且可制造使用该有机电致发光器件的显示装置或照明装置。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将详细地描述本发明。然而,以下描述旨在解释本发明,并且不打算以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
在下文中,将详细地描述包含式1和式2的有机电致发光化合物的有机电致发光器件。
由式1表示的化合物可由式3、4、5或6表示:
其中
A1、A2、L1和X1到X16如式1中所定义。
在上式1中,A1和A2各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基,优选地各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的(C6-C18)芳基,并且更优选地各自独立地表示未经取代或经氰基、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基、(C6-C12)芳基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基取代的(C6-C18)芳基。具体来说,A1和A2各自独立地可选自由以下各项组成的群组:经取代或未经取代的苯基、经取代或未经取代的联二苯、经取代或未经取代的联三苯、经取代或未经取代的萘基、经取代或未经取代的芴基、经取代或未经取代的苯并芴基、经取代或未经取代的菲基、经取代或未经取代的蒽基、经取代或未经取代的茚基、经取代或未经取代的三亚苯基、经取代或未经取代的芘基、经取代或未经取代的并四苯基、经取代或未经取代的苝基、经取代或未经取代的屈基、经取代或未经取代的苯基萘基、经取代或未经取代的萘基苯基和经取代或未经取代的荧蒽基。在本文中,经取代的苯基等的取代基可为氰基、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基、(C6-C12)芳基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基。
在上式1中,X1到X16各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、氰基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C2-C30)烯基、经取代或未经取代的(C2-C30)炔基、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C60)芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元到30元杂芳基、经取代或未经取代的三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基,或经取代或未经取代的单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环(C3-C30)脂环族环或芳香族环,其(一个或多个)碳原子可经选自氮、氧和硫的至少一个杂原子置换,优选地各自独立地表示氢、氰基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C10)烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C20)芳基、经取代或未经取代的5元到20元杂芳基,或经取代或未经取代的三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基,并且更优选地各自独立地表示氢;氰基;(C1-C10)烷基;未经取代或经氰基、(C1-C10)烷基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基取代的(C6-C20)芳基;未经取代或经(C1-C10)烷基、(C6-C15)芳基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基取代的5元到20元杂芳基;或未经取代或经(C1-C10)烷基取代的三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基。具体来说,X1到X16可各自独立地表示氢;氰基;(C1-C6)烷基;未经取代或经氰基、(C1-C6)烷基或三苯基硅烷基取代的苯基、联二苯、联三苯或萘基;未经取代或经(C1-C6)烷基、苯基、联二苯、萘基或三苯基硅烷基取代的二苯并噻吩或二苯并呋喃;或未经取代或经(C1-C6)烷基取代的三苯基硅烷基。
在上式1中,L1表示单键或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)亚芳基,优选地表示单键或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C15)亚芳基,并且更优选地表示单键;或未经取代或经氰基、(C1-C6)烷基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基取代的(C6-C15)亚芳基。
此外,L1可由下式7到19中的一个表示:
其中
Xi到Xp各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、氰基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C2-C30)烯基、经取代或未经取代的(C2-C30)炔基、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C60)芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元到30元杂芳基、经取代或未经取代的三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基,或经取代或未经取代的单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环(C3-C30)脂环族环或芳香族环,其(一个或多个)碳原子可经选自氮、氧和硫的至少一个杂原子置换。
优选地,Xi到Xp可各自独立地表示氢、卤素、氰基、(C1-C10)烷基、(C3-C20)环烷基、(C6-C12)芳基、(C1-C6)烷基二(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基,并且更优选各自独立地表示氢、氰基、(C1-C6)烷基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基。
由式2表示的化合物可由式20或21表示:
其中
L和R1到R17如式2中所定义。
在上式2中,L表示单键,或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)亚芳基,优选地表示单键,或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C15)亚芳基,并且更优选地表示单键,或未经取代的(C6-C15)亚芳基。
在上式2中,X和Y各自独立地表示N或CR17。
在上式2中,R1到R17各自独立地表示氢、氘、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基、经取代或未经取代的3元到30元杂芳基、经取代或未经取代的单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳氨基、经取代或未经取代的三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基、经取代或未经取代的二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基,或经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环(C3-C30)脂环族环或芳香族环,其(一个或多个)碳原子可经选自氮、氧和硫的至少一个杂原子置换。
优选地,R1到R12各自独立地表示氢、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C15)芳基,或经取代或未经取代的5元到15元杂芳基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环(C6-C15)芳香族环,其(一个或多个)碳原子可经选自氮、氧和硫的至少一个杂原子置换。更优选地,R1到R12各自独立地表示氢、未经取代的(C6-C15)芳基,或未经取代或经(C6-C12)芳基取代的5元到15元杂芳基;或键联到(一个或多个)相邻取代基以形成苯并呋喃、苯并噻吩或经苯基取代的吲哚。
优选地,R13到R16各自独立地表示氢、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C15)芳基,或经取代或未经取代的5元到15元杂芳基。更优选地,R13到R16各自独立地表示氢、未经取代的(C6-C15)芳基,或未经取代的5元到15元杂芳基。
优选地,R17表示经取代或未经取代的(C6-C25)芳基,或经取代或未经取代的5元到15元杂芳基。更优选地,R17表示未经取代或经(C6-C20)芳基取代的(C6-C25)芳基,或未经取代或经(C6-C12)芳基取代的5元到15元杂芳基。
在本文中,“(C1-C30)烷基”意指具有组成链的1个到30个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,其中碳原子数优选地为1到20,更优选地为1到10,并且包括甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基等;“(C2-C30)烯基”意指具有组成链的2个到30个碳原子的直链或支链烯基,其中碳原子数优选地为2到20,更优选地为2到10,并且包括乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、2-甲基丁-2-烯基等;“(C2-C30)炔基”意指具有组成链的2个到30个碳原子的直链或支链炔基,其中碳原子数优选地为2到20,更优选地为2到10,并且包括乙炔基、1-丙炔基、2-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基戊-2-炔基等;“(C3-C30)环烷基”为具有3个到30个环主链碳原子的单环或多环烃,其中碳原子数优选地为3到20,更优选地为3到7,并且包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等;“3元到7元杂环烷基”为具有3个到7个,优选地5个到7个环主链原子的环烷基,包括选自B、N、O、S、Si和P(优选地O、S和N)的至少一个杂原子,并且包括四氢呋喃、吡咯啶、硫杂环戊烷、四氢吡喃等;“(C6-C30)(亚)芳基”为衍生自具有6个到30个环主链碳原子的芳香族烃的单环或稠环,其中碳原子数优选地为6到20,更优选地为6到15,并且包括苯基、联二苯、联三苯、萘基、联萘、苯基萘基、萘基苯基、芴基、苯基芴基、苯并芴基、二苯并芴基、菲基、苯基菲基、蒽基、茚基、三亚苯基、芘基、并四苯基、苝基、屈基、稠四苯基、荧蒽基等;“3元到30元杂芳基”为具有3个到30个环主链原子的芳基,包括选自由B、N、O、S、Si和P组成的群组的至少一个,优选地1个到4个杂原子;为单环,或与至少一个苯环稠合的稠环;可部分饱和;可为通过经由(一个或多个)单键将至少一个杂芳基或芳基键联到杂芳基形成的一种;并且包括单环型杂芳基,其包括呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、异噻唑基、异噁唑基、噁唑基、噁二唑基、三嗪基、四嗪基、三唑基、四唑基、呋吖基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基等,以及稠环型杂芳基,其包括苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、异苯并呋喃基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并噁唑基、异吲哚基、吲哚基、苯并吲哚基、吲唑基、苯并噻二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、喹唑啉基、喹喏啉基、咔唑基、啡噁嗪基、啡啶基、苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基等;“含氮5元到30元杂芳基”为具有5个到30个,优选地5个到20个,并且更优选地5个到15个环主链原子,包括至少一个杂原子N的芳基;为单环或与至少一个苯环稠合的稠环;可部分饱和;可为通过经由(一个或多个)单键将至少一个杂芳基或芳基键联到杂芳基形成的一个;并且包括单环型杂芳基,其包括吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、三嗪基、四嗪基、三唑基、四唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基等,以及稠环型杂芳基,其包括苯并咪唑基、异吲哚基、吲哚基、吲唑基、苯并噻二唑基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、喹唑啉基、喹喏啉基、咔唑基、啡啶基等。另外,“卤素”包括F、Cl、Br和I。
在本文中,表述“经取代或未经取代的”中的“经取代的”意指在某一官能团中的氢原子被另一个原子或基团(即取代基)置换。在式1和式2中,A1、A2、L1、X1到X16、L和R1到R17的经取代的烷基、经取代的烯基、经取代的炔基、经取代的环烷基、经取代的(亚)芳基、经取代的杂芳基、经取代的三烷基硅烷基、经取代的三芳基硅烷基、经取代的二烷基芳基硅烷基、经取代的烷基二芳基硅烷基、经取代的单或二芳氨基、经取代的烷基芳基氨基和经取代的单环或多环脂环族环或芳族环的取代基各自独立地为选自由以下各项组成的群组中的至少一种:氘;卤素;氰基;羧基;硝基;羟基;(C1-C30)烷基;卤代(C1-C30)烷基;(C2-C30)烯基;(C2-C30)炔基;(C1-C30)烷氧基;(C1-C30)烷硫基;(C3-C30)环烷基;(C3-C30)环烯基;3元到7元杂环烷基;(C6-C30)芳氧基;(C6-C30)芳基硫基;未经取代或经(C6-C30)芳基取代的3元到30元杂芳基;未经取代或经氰基、3元到30元杂芳基或三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基取代的(C6-C30)芳基;三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基;三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;氨基;单或二(C1-C30)烷氨基;单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基;(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳氨基;(C1-C30)烷基羰基;(C1-C30)烷氧基羰基;(C6-C30)芳基羰基;二(C6-C30)芳基硼基;二(C1-C30)烷基硼基;(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硼基;(C6-C30)芳基(C1-C30)烷基;以及(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基,并且优选地为选自由以下各项组成的群组中的至少一种:卤素;氰基;(C1-C6)烷基;5元到15元杂芳基;未经取代或经氰基、(C6-C12)芳基或三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基取代的(C6-C20)芳基;三(C6-C12)芳基硅烷基;以及(C1-C6)烷基(C6-C12)芳基。
在式1中,X1到X16的三芳基硅烷基优选地为三苯基硅烷基。
由式1表示的第一主体化合物包括(但不限于)以下化合物:
由式2表示的第二主体化合物包括(但不限于)以下化合物:
根据本发明有机电致发光器件包含阳极、阴极以及在阳极和阴极之间的至少一个有机层。有机层包含发光层,并且发光层包含主体和磷光掺杂剂。主体材料包含多种主体化合物,多种主体化合物的至少第一主体化合物由式1表示,并且第二主体化合物由式2表示。
发光层为发射光的层,并且可为单层或堆叠两层或更多层的多层。在发光层中,优选的是以主体化合物计的掺杂剂化合物的掺杂浓度小于20wt%。
有机层包含发光层,并且进一步包含选自由空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层、电子注入层、夹层、空穴阻挡层以及电子阻挡层组成的群组的至少一个层。
根据本发明的有机电致发光器件,第一主体材料与第二主体材料的重量比在1:99到99:1的范围内。
掺杂剂优选地为至少一种磷光掺杂剂。用于根据本发明的有机电致发光器件的掺杂剂材料不受限制,但可优选地选自铱、锇、铜以及铂的金属化络合物化合物,更优选地选自铱、锇、铜和铂的邻位金属化络合物化合物,且甚至更优选地为邻位金属化铱络合物化合物。
磷光掺杂剂优选地选自由下式101到103表示的化合物。
其中L选自以下结构:
R100表示氢、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基,或经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基;
R101到R109和R111到R123各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、未经取代或经(一种或多种)卤素取代的(C1-C30)烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基、氰基,或经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷氧基;R106到R109的相邻取代基可彼此键联以形成经取代或未经取代的稠环,例如未经取代或经烷基取代的芴、未经取代或经烷基取代的二苯并噻吩,或未经取代或经烷基取代的二苯并呋喃;并且R120到R123的相邻取代基可彼此键联以形成经取代或未经取代的稠环,例如未经取代或经烷基或芳基取代的喹啉;
R124到R127各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、经取代或未经取代的(C1-C30)烷基,或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基;并且R124到R127的相邻取代基可彼此键联以形成经取代或未经取代的稠环,例如,未经取代或经烷基取代的芴、未经取代或经烷基取代的二苯并噻吩,或未经取代或经烷基取代的二苯并呋喃;
R201到R211各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、未经取代或经(一种或多种)卤素取代的(C1-C30)烷基、经取代或未经取代的(C3-C30)环烷基,或经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基;并且R208到R211的相邻取代基可彼此键联以形成经取代或未经取代的稠环,例如,未经取代或经烷基取代的芴、未经取代或经烷基取代的二苯并噻吩,或未经取代或经烷基取代的二苯并呋喃;
f和g各自独立地表示1到3的整数;在f或g是2或更大的整数的情况下,R100中的每个可相同或不同;并且
n表示1到3的整数。
具体来说,磷光掺杂剂材料包括以下:
根据本发明的有机电致发光器件可进一步包含选自由有机层中的基于芳胺的化合物和基于苯乙烯基芳基胺的化合物组成的群组的至少一种化合物。
此外,在根据本发明的有机电致发光器件中,有机层可进一步包含选自由以下各项组成的群组的至少一种金属:周期表的第1族金属、第2族金属、第4周期过渡金属、第5周期过渡金属、镧系元素和d-过渡元素的有机金属,或包含所述金属的至少一种络合物化合物。
根据本发明,至少一个层(在下文中,“表面层”)优选地位于一个或两个电极的(一个或多个)内表面上;选自硫族化合物层、金属卤化物层和金属氧化物层。具体来说,硅或铝的硫族化合物(包括氧化物)层优选地位于电致发光中间层的阳极表面上,并且金属卤化物层或金属氧化物优选地位于电致发光中间层的阴极表面上。此类表面层为有机电致发光器件提供操作稳定性。优选地,所述硫族化合物包括SiOX(1≤X≤2)、AlOX(1≤X≤1.5)、SiON、SiAlON等;所述金属卤化物包括LiF、MgF2、CaF2、稀土金属氟化物等;并且所述金属氧化物包括Cs2O、Li2O、MgO、SrO、BaO、CaO等。
在阳极和发光层之间,可使用选自空穴注入层、空穴传输层或电子阻挡层的层或由其组合形成的层。空穴注入层可使用多个层以便降低从阳极到空穴传输层或电子阻挡层的空穴注入屏障(或空穴注入电压)。两种化合物可同时用于各层中。空穴传输层和电子阻挡层还可由多个层形成。
在发光层和阴极之间,可使用选自电子缓冲层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层或电子注入层的层或由其组合形成的层。电子缓冲层可使用多个层以便控制电子的注入并且提高在发光层和电子注入层之间的界面特征。两种化合物可同时用于各层中。空穴阻挡层和电子传输层还可由多个层形成,并且每一层可包含两种或更多种化合物。
在根据本发明的有机电致发光器件中,电子传输化合物和还原性掺杂剂的混合区域,或空穴传输化合物和氧化性掺杂剂的混合区域优选地位于一对电极的至少一个表面上。在这种情况下,电子传输化合物被还原为阴离子,并且因此变得更容易从混合区向电致发光介质注入和传输电子。此外,空穴传输化合物被氧化为阳离子,且因此变得更容易从混合区域向电致发光介质注入和传输空穴。优选地,氧化性掺杂剂包括各种路易斯酸(Lewisacid)和受体化合物;并且还原性掺杂剂包括碱金属、碱金属化合物、碱土金属、稀土金属以及其混合物。还原性掺杂剂层可用作电荷产生层以制备具有两个或更多个电致发光层并且发射白光的电致发光器件。
为了形成本发明的有机电致发光器件的每一层,可使用干式成膜方法,如真空蒸发、溅镀、等离子体以及离子电镀方法;或湿式成膜法,如喷墨印刷、喷嘴印刷、狭缝涂布、旋转涂布、浸渍涂布以及流动涂布方法。本发明的第一主体化合物和第二主体化合物可经共-蒸发或混合物蒸发。
当使用湿式成膜方法时,薄膜可通过将形成每一层的材料溶解或扩散到任何适合的溶剂中来形成,所述溶剂如乙醇、氯仿、四氢呋喃、二噁烷等。溶剂可为形成每一层的材料可溶解或扩散于其中并且不存在成膜能力问题的任何溶剂。
在本文中,共蒸发指示用于使两种或更多种材料以混合物形式沉积的方法,通过将所述两种或更多种材料中的每一种引入相应坩埚单元中,且向所述单元施加电流以便所述材料中的每一种蒸发来进行。在本文中,混合物蒸发指示用于使两种或更多种材料以混合物形式沉积的方法,通过将所述两种或更多种材料在一个坩埚单元中混合,随后沉积,且向所述单元施加电流以便所述混合物蒸发来进行。
通过使用本发明的有机电致发光器件,可生产显示系统或照明系统。
在下文中,将参考以下实例详细说明包含本发明的主体化合物的器件的发光特性。
器件实例1-1到1-11:通过共-蒸发本发明的第一主体化合物和第二主体化合物制
备OLED器件
使用根据本发明的有机电致发光化合物生产OLED器件。依次用丙酮、乙醇和蒸馏水对在用于有机发光二极管(OLED)器件(Geomatec)的玻璃衬底上的透明电极氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜(10Ω/sq)进行超声波洗涤,且然后储存于异丙醇中。然后将ITO衬底安装在真空气相沉积设备的衬底固持器上。将HI-1引入所述真空气相沉积设备的单元中,且然后将所述设备的室中的压力控制在10-6托。此后,向所述单元施加电流以蒸发上述引入的材料,从而在ITO衬底上形成厚度为80nm的第一空穴注入层。接下来,将HI-2引入所述真空气相沉积设备的另一单元中,并且通过向所述单元施加电流而蒸发,从而在第一空穴注入层上形成厚度为5nm的第二空穴注入层。然后,将HT-1引入所述真空气相沉积设备的另一单元中,并且通过向所述单元施加电流而蒸发,从而在第二空穴注入层上形成厚度为10nm的第一空穴传输层。然后将HT-2或HT-3引入所述真空气相沉积设备的另一单元中,并且通过向所述单元施加电流而蒸发,从而在第一空穴传输层上形成厚度为60nm的第二空穴传输层。作为主体材料,将在表1中列出的第一主体化合物和第二主体化合物分别引入真空气相沉积设备的两个单元中。将化合物D-96引入另一单元中。两种主体化合物以1:1速率蒸发,而掺杂剂以与主体材料不同的速率蒸发,使得掺杂剂按以主体及掺杂剂的总量计3wt%的掺杂量沉积,以在空穴传输层上形成厚度为40nm的发光层。然后将ET-1和EI-1分别引入真空气相沉积设备的两个单元中,且以1:1速率蒸发,在发光层上形成厚度为30nm的电子传输层。在将厚度为2nm的作为电子注入层的EI-1沉积在电子传输层上之后,厚度为80nm的Al阴极通过另一真空气相沉积设备沉积。由此,生产OLED器件。
比较实例1-1到1-5:仅使用第二主体化合物作为主体制备OLED器件
OLED器件以与器件实例1-1到1-11中相同的方式生产,不同之处在于,仅使用在表1中列出的第二主体化合物作为发光层的主体。
比较实例2-1和2-2:仅使用第一主体化合物作为主体制备OLED器件
OLED器件以与器件实例1-1到1-11中相同的方式生产,不同之处在于仅使用在表1中列出的第一主体化合物作为发光层的主体。
下表1示出了在器件实例1-1到1-11、比较实例1-1到1-5以及比较实例2-1和2-2中生产的有机电致发光器件的评估结果。
[表1]
*在“寿命”中的X意指器件的效率太低不能测量寿命。
与使用单一主体的常规器件相比,本发明的有机电致发光器件通过使用多种主体化合物提供长寿命同时维持高发光效率。
Claims (5)
1.一种有机电致发光器件,其包含在阳极与阴极之间的至少一个发光层,其中所述发光层包含主体和磷光掺杂剂,所述主体包含多种主体化合物,所述多种主体化合物的至少第一主体化合物由下式1表示,并且第二主体化合物由下式20或21表示,
其中
A1和A2各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的苯基、经取代或未经取代的联二苯或经取代或未经取代的萘基,其中经取代的苯基、经取代的联二苯和经取代的萘基的取代基为氘;
L1表示单键;
X1到X16各自独立地表示氢或氘;
其中
L表示单键;
R1到R17各自独立地表示氢、氘、经取代或未经取代的(C6-C30)芳基或经取代或未经取代的3元到30元杂芳基;限制条件为当式20中的R17是经取代或未经取代的咔唑基时,式20为:
所述杂芳基含有选自N、O和S的至少一个杂原子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的有机电致发光器件,其中在R1到R17中的所述所述经取代的芳基和所述经取代的杂芳基的所述取代基各自独立地为选自由以下各项组成的群组的至少一个:氘;未经取代或经(C6-C30)芳基取代的3元到30元杂芳基;未经取代或经氰基、3元到30元杂芳基或三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基取代的(C6-C30)芳基;三(C1-C30)烷基硅烷基;三(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;二(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;(C1-C30)烷基二(C6-C30)芳基硅烷基;氨基、单或二(C1-C30)烷氨基;单或二(C6-C30)芳氨基;(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳氨基;(C1-C30)烷基羰基;(C1-C30)烷氧基羰基;(C6-C30)芳基羰基;二(C6-C30)芳基硼基;二(C1-C30)烷基硼基;(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基硼基;(C6-C30)芳基(C1-C30)烷基;以及(C1-C30)烷基(C6-C30)芳基。
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