CN116035002B - 一种提高白星花金龟引诱剂诱杀效果的增效剂及其应用 - Google Patents
一种提高白星花金龟引诱剂诱杀效果的增效剂及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物防治技术领域，具体涉及一种白星花金龟引诱剂的增效剂及增效组合物制备方法。该增效剂为乙酸苯乙酯或苯甲酸乙酯的二元组合物，两者配比为10:1‑1:1。田间应用时，将上述增效剂与白星花金龟引诱剂有效成分按照1:5‑1:1的比例，混配制得白星花金龟引诱剂增效组合物，再配合相应缓释载体及诱捕器使用。当乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯配比为3:1时对引诱剂的增效效果最显著，雌雄虫诱捕量分别为对溴苯甲醚诱捕量的2.2和2.3倍。该组合物对白星花金龟引诱剂的田间诱杀效果具有明显的协同增效作用，在白星花金龟绿色防控方面具有重要的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物防治技术领域，具体涉及一种白星花金龟引诱剂的增效组合物及其应用。
背景技术
白星花金龟(Protaetia brevitarsis)属鞘翅目金龟科，在我国河北、山东、辽宁、吉林、新疆、福建等省区及周边国家如蒙古、日本、朝鲜和俄罗斯均有分布。白星花金龟成虫为主要危害虫态，食谱极广，其寄主包括葡萄、桃、玉米、小麦、向日葵、番茄、甜瓜、柳树、榆树等多种农林作物。在危害盛期，常常可以看到多头白星花金龟成虫聚集危害寄主植物，严重影响农产品和果树的产量和品质。
目前，白星花金龟的主要防治手段为化学农药，然而白星花金龟的危害盛期与农林作物的成熟期相重叠，过度依赖化学防治很容易造成农药残留和环境污染，与绿色有机农林产品生产的当前需求相悖。部分地区也采用糖醋液诱杀，但是该方法费事费力，效果有限。因此探索白星花金龟无害化防治方法势在必行。本研究团队前期已研发出诱杀白星花金龟的苯甲醚类引诱剂，田间可同时大量诱杀白星花金龟雌雄虫。为进一步提高白星花金龟引诱剂对白星花金龟的诱杀效果，我们通过在引诱剂中加入其它生物源挥发性成分的方法，筛选出能够协同增效，稳定提高其诱杀效果的增效剂组合物。本发明研发的引诱剂增效组合物有助于提高白星花金龟引诱剂田间诱杀效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种白星花金龟引诱剂的增效剂及使用方法，以提高引诱剂对白星花金龟的诱杀效果。
为实现上述目的，我们通过大量田间诱杀实验，筛选出乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯两个能够增强白星花金龟引诱剂诱杀效果的物质，将之加入白星花金龟引诱剂中即可显著增强诱杀效果，并据此混配研发了白星花金龟引诱剂增效组合物。
本发明公开的一种白星花金龟引诱剂增效剂，由乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯按照10:1-1:1的比例组成；
优选地，本发明公开的一种白星花金龟引诱剂增效剂，由乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯按照4:1-2:1的比例组成；
更优选地，本发明公开的一种白星花金龟引诱剂增效剂，由乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯按照3:1的比例组成。
应用时，将上述增效剂与白星花金龟引诱剂有效成分(以对溴苯甲醚为例)按照1:5-1:1的比例，混配制得含增效组合物的白星花金龟增效引诱剂，随后将该增效引诱剂加入到缓释载体聚乙烯瓶中，田间诱杀白星花金龟时，将所述聚乙烯瓶安置在桶形诱捕器上，悬挂在果园、田间即可。
本发明所提供的白星花金龟引诱剂增效剂，可稳定提高白星花金龟引诱剂对白星花金龟引诱剂的诱杀效率，增强其对白星花金龟的田间防控效果。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体试验，对本发明进一步详细说明。
按如上方法，将引诱剂(对溴苯甲醚)和增效剂(乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯)按照表1中的比例载入聚乙烯塑料瓶中，通过田间诱捕试验确定组合物对引诱剂的增效效果。于2022年7月15日至8月12日期间，在河北省保定市清苑县温仁镇王盘村葡萄园开展了田间试验。选择长势均匀、管理一致的连片葡萄园作为实验区。诱捕器间距不小于15米。设置后每隔一周调查诱捕到的白星花金龟成虫数量，按雌雄分别记录，评价增效组合物对引诱剂的增效效果。试验共计10个实施例，每个处理设置3个重复，以单独使用对溴苯甲醚、乙酸苯乙酯、苯甲酸乙酯为对照，比较增效组合物的增效效果。
具体实施例田间诱捕效果如下：
表1白星花金龟引诱剂增效剂田间增效效果
注：引诱剂：以对溴苯甲醚为例.表中数据为每个诱捕器每周诱捕量平均值±SD.
试验结果表明：乙酸苯乙酯或苯甲酸乙酯几乎引诱不到白星花金龟，说明它们本身不具备吸引力或吸引力很弱；而在白星花金龟的引诱剂中同时加入乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯后，诱虫量均有不同程度的提高。当乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯配比为4:1-2:1情况下，增效效果较佳；其中，乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯配比为3:1时增效效果最显著，雌雄虫诱捕量分别为对溴苯甲醚诱捕量的2.2和2.3倍。
从上述实施例可以看出，利用本发明所述增效组合物可显著提高白星花金龟引诱剂的诱虫量，增强白星花金龟引诱剂的田间防控效果；同时，该增效组合物对白星花金龟的增效效果可持续6周以上。利用诱杀剂防控白星花金龟，有利于减少农药的使用量，保护天敌，保护环境。
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种由白星花金龟引诱剂和增效剂组成的组合物，其特征在于，所述白星花金龟引诱剂为对溴苯甲醚，所述增效剂为乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯的二元组合物，乙酸苯乙酯和苯甲酸乙酯的质量比为10:1-1:1；所述增效剂与白星花金龟引诱剂的质量比为1:5-1:1。
2.一种如权利要求1所述组合物的使用方法，其特征在于，应用时，将增效剂与白星花金龟引诱剂混配制得所述组合物，随后将所述组合物加入到缓释载体聚乙烯瓶中，配合桶形诱捕器使用。
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