CN116034915A - Breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species - Google Patents

Breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116034915A
CN116034915A CN202310077795.5A CN202310077795A CN116034915A CN 116034915 A CN116034915 A CN 116034915A CN 202310077795 A CN202310077795 A CN 202310077795A CN 116034915 A CN116034915 A CN 116034915A
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crucian
carp
tail
pond
culture
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CN116034915B (en
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邓勇辉
付辉云
李燕华
丁立云
周辉明
陶志英
欧阳敏
饶毅
曹义虎
袁嘉欣
候明勇
叶选国
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Jiangxi Institute Of Fishery Sciences Jiangxi Poyang Lake Fishery Research Center Jiangxi Fishery Resources And Ecological Environment Monitoring Center
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Jiangxi Institute Of Fishery Sciences Jiangxi Poyang Lake Fishery Research Center Jiangxi Fishery Resources And Ecological Environment Monitoring Center
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of crucian culture, and discloses a culture method for inhibiting the gonad development of crucian species, wherein the culture method is used for constructing a temporary culture mode by reasonably controlling stocking density and fingerling specification and matching with quantitative feeding feed, preparing for subsequent main culture or mixed culture, breaking the convention that carps promote the gonad development of the crucian species, effectively solving the problem that the crucian species is precocious, spawning in spring in the coming year and interfering with the culture mode of culture design, so that the crucian accumulates more energy for self growth, and the yield of the crucian is improved, and the same progress is made in the aspect of specification; the cultivation method is simple to operate, does not need to strictly control cultivation conditions, and can be applied to fishery in a large scale.

Description

Breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of crucian breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for inhibiting gonadal development of crucian species.
Background
The crucian is mainly omnivorous fish fed by plants, and the crucian is favored to travel in a clustered way and is selected to feed. The meat quality is tender, the nutritional value is high, each hundred grams of meat contains 13 grams of protein and 11 grams of fat, and the meat contains a large amount of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like. The crucian has extremely high medicinal value and has the effects of harmonizing the middle warmer, tonifying deficiency, removing the shortness of breath, warming the stomach, feeding food and tonifying middle warmer and generating qi. The crucian is widely distributed, and the crucian is produced in various water areas throughout the country all the year round, so that the crucian is one of important edible fishes in China. The maximum length of the crucian is about 30 cm, the perching depth is 0-20 m, and the crucian belongs to economic edible fishes, and is high in quality and low in cost.
However, the crucian culture also has a plurality of restriction factors, and during normal culture, the crucian species of the first age can spawn in the culture pond during the next year of culture, thereby influencing the whole culture mode. For example, when the number of the first-age crucian fingerlings is more than 50g, the gonad development of the current autumn and winter is faster, and the number of the next spring can spawn, so that the fingerlings are easy to hatch, the breeding mode of breeding design is interfered, the energy accumulated by the first-age crucian fingerlings is wasted, the growth of the crucian is not facilitated, the crucian breeding yield and the specification of commercial crucian are affected, and therefore, the gonad development of the winter-slice crucian fingerlings is inhibited, and the improvement of the crucian yield and the specification becomes a key problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a breeding method for inhibiting the gonad development of crucian species, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a breeding method for inhibiting gonadal development of crucian species comprises the following steps:
starting in the first 11 th month, temporarily culturing fish species including crucian and carp in a pond or a fish tank, wherein the crucian specification is 20 g/tail-150 g/tail, and the carp specification is 2 kg/tail-4 kg/tail;
the crucian carp is mixedly cultivated in the pond at the stocking amount of 1500 kg/mu-3000 kg/mu and the carp at the stocking amount of 20-35 g/mu; or, the crucian carp is mixedly cultured in the fish tank at 30 kg/square meter-100 kg/square meter and the carp is caught at the end of 3 months in the next year at the stocking amount of 0.25 tail/square meter-1 tail/square meter.
Some reports in the prior art show that the carps can promote the gonad development of the crucian, the sperm of the carps can promote the formation of fertilized eggs of the crucian, so that the hatching and the emergence of the carps can influence the yield and the specification of normal growth of the crucian, and the carps and the crucian are not suitable to be put into the same water body for culture, but the inventor of the invention surprisingly finds that the development of the gonad of the crucian can be effectively inhibited by adjusting the stocking density and the stocking specification of the crucian and the carp to be within a reasonable range in the research process, thereby breaking the conventional way that the carps promote the gonad development of the crucian, effectively solving the problems that the crucian is premature in nature and spawning in spring in the coming year so as to interfere with the culture mode of culture design, and leading the crucian to be improved in yield and also improved in the specification; the method is simple to operate, the culture conditions are not required to be strictly controlled, and the cultured crucian fingerlings with the gonad development inhibited can be used for subsequent main culture or mixed culture fingerlings.
According to the invention, a crucian and carp polyculture mode is used, and as the carps can eat residual baits in the water body, the effects of scarifying bottom mud or stirring the water body can be achieved; and the large-size carps are adopted to help the mixing of the upper water layer and the lower water layer, so that the decomposition of organic matters at the bottom layer is accelerated, the effect of purifying the water body is achieved, and meanwhile, the effect of disturbing the gonad development of the crucian is achieved, and the gonad development of the crucian is better inhibited. The invention also regulates and controls the stocking amount of the crucian and the carp, namely, reasonable stocking density is adopted as a key factor for inhibiting the gonad development of the crucian. When the stocking density is too low, the crucian can keep motionless in the water body for a long time after eating, and the development of gonads is promoted while energy is accumulated, so that the yield and specification of the crucian are influenced; when the stocking density is too high, the density is too high in the later period of cultivation, the dissolved oxygen is low, and the cultivation risk is increased, so that the yield of crucian is reduced, and the growth of the crucian is influenced.
Preferably, the crucian specification is 50 g/tail to 100 g/tail. Preferably, the acre stocking amount of the crucian in the pond is 2000kg-2500kg; the stocking amount of crucian in the fish tank is 50kg-100kg per square meter. The invention adopts more preferable fingerling specification and stocking density, and can more effectively inhibit the development of the gonad of the crucian.
Preferably, the temporarily cultured fish species also comprise grass carp, bighead carp and silver carp, and the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail. The mixed culture of multiple varieties and multiple specifications can fully exert the production potential of the water body of the pond or the fish tank and the fish seeds. Silver carp and bighead carp like living in the upper layer of the water body, and grass carp like in the lower layer of the water body; the bighead carp and the silver carp are filter-fed fishes, the plankton and part of organic scraps in the filter-fed water body can play a role in preventing water quality from overfertilizing, and each water layer and feed can be fully utilized in a reasonable collocation and polyculture mode.
Preferably, the feed used comprises 22% -26% by weight of protein. When the protein content in the feed is 22% -26%, the cost of the feed can be reduced, and the development of the gonads of the crucian can be effectively inhibited. When the protein content is too high, the protein content exceeds the required amount, and the accumulation amount of the protein in the fish body is almost unchanged, so that the protein waste is caused, and the metabolites of the protein (such as the feces and urine of the fish) pollute the water quality; when the protein content is too low, the fish seeds grow slowly, lose weight, reduce physique and reduce disease resistance.
Preferably, the feed also comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-23% of fat, 20-32% of vitamin and 18-22% of mineral substances. The adopted feed has balanced proportion, provides necessary nutrition requirements for keeping good health condition, optimal growth and optimal yield of the raised fish, and reduces pollution to the environment as much as possible.
Preferably, the feed is fed for 10 am every day, and the feeding amount is 1kg-25kg. Feeding is carried out at 10 am, the temperature is basically higher than 5 ℃, the utilization rate of the feed is relatively high, and normal feeding of fish seeds can be promoted; the feeding amount of the feed is controlled, so that the energy accumulated by the crucian can only be used for maintaining normal vital activities of the crucian, and no excess energy can be used for development, thereby playing a role in inhibiting gonad development of the crucian.
Preferably, the method further comprises sterilizing and cleaning the pond or the fish tank by using quicklime before breeding the fish seeds in the pond or the fish tank. Because the quicklime is an alkaline compound, the functions of sterilization and disinfection on ponds and fish tanks can be achieved, the quicklime is low in cost, organic matters in the water body can be well decomposed, and the water quality becomes fat.
Preferably, the pond area is 1 mu-2 mu, and the fish tank area is 20 square meters-100 square meters.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: the breeding method used in the invention constructs a temporary breeding mode by reasonably controlling the stocking density and the fingerling specification and matching with quantitative feeding feed, prepares for subsequent main breeding or mixed breeding, breaks through the convention that carp promotes the development of gonads of crucian, effectively solves the problem that the fingerling of the crucian is precocious, and the spring spawns in the next year so as to interfere with the breeding mode of breeding design, and enables the crucian to accumulate more energy for self-growth, thus not only improving the yield of the crucian, but also making the same progress in the aspect of specification; the cultivation method is simple to operate, does not need to strictly control cultivation conditions, and can be applied to fishery in a large scale.
Detailed Description
The conception and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with examples below to fully understand the objects, aspects and effects of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
Example 1
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a pond: and (3) selecting a pond in the east-west direction of a culture base, cement slope protection and mud bottom, wherein the area of the pond is 1 mu, and the size of the pond is 30m long, 22m wide and 3m deep for 11 months and 20 days. After 200kg of quicklime is added to clean the pond and disinfect for 7 days, a 750 watt aerator is erected, and water is filtered and added until the water depth reaches 2.5m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: for 11 months and 27 days, 2000kg of crucian is put in, and the average specification is 75 g/tail; and (3) putting 30 tails of carp, 20 tails of grass carp, 20 tails of bighead carp and 10 tails of silver carp, wherein the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 20kg of feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 25% of protein, 22% of fat, 32% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the pond water is moderately replaced according to the actual condition of water quality detection.
The result shows that the crucian is temporarily cultured until 22 days of 3 months of the next year according to the designed temporary culture mode, the crucian is harvested 2200k g, 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 85 g/tail; by dissection and microscopic examination, the development gonadal degeneration of the crucian can be observed, and the egg grains in the ovary can not be basically detected.
Example 2
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species only differs from example 1 in that the feeding amount of crucian is reduced, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the feeding amount.
Selecting a pond: and (3) selecting a pond in the east-west direction of a culture base, cement slope protection and mud bottom, wherein the area of the pond is 1 mu, and the size of the pond is 30m long, 22m wide and 3m deep for 11 months and 20 days. After 200kg of quicklime is added to clean the pond and disinfect for 7 days, a 750 watt aerator is erected, and water is filtered and added until the water depth reaches 2.5m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: putting 1500kg crucian into the mixture for 11 months and 27 days, wherein the average specification is 75 g/tail; and (3) putting 30 tails of carp, 20 tails of grass carp, 20 tails of bighead carp and 10 tails of silver carp, wherein the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 15kg of feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 25% of protein, 22% of fat, 32% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the pond water is moderately replaced according to the actual condition of water quality detection.
The result shows that the crucian is temporarily cultured until 22 days of 3 months of the next year is caught according to the designed temporary culturing mode, the crucian is harvested 1650 and k g, 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 85 g/tail; by dissection and microscopic examination, the development gonadal degeneration of the crucian can be observed, and the egg grains in the ovary can not be basically detected.
Example 3
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species only differs from example 1 in that the feeding specification of crucian is increased, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the feeding specification.
Selecting a pond: and (3) selecting a pond in the east-west direction of a culture base, cement slope protection and mud bottom, wherein the area of the pond is 1 mu, and the size of the pond is 30m long, 22m wide and 3m deep for 11 months and 20 days. After 200kg of quicklime is added to clean the pond and disinfect for 7 days, a 750 watt aerator is erected, and water is filtered and added until the water depth reaches 2.5m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: adding 2000kg of crucian on the basis of 27 days of 11 months, and increasing the average specification to 130 g/tail; and (3) putting 30 tails of carp, 20 tails of grass carp, 20 tails of bighead carp and 10 tails of silver carp, wherein the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 22kg of feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 25% of protein, 22% of fat, 32% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the pond water is moderately replaced according to the actual condition of water quality detection.
The result shows that the crucian 2150 and k g are harvested after the culture is carried out temporarily until the time of 22 days of 3 months of the second year according to the designed temporary culture mode, 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 140 g/tail; by dissection and microscopic examination, the development gonadal degeneration of the crucian can be observed, and the egg grains in the ovary can not be basically detected.
Example 4
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a fish groove: and (3) selecting 5 plastic steel culture fish tanks of a culture base for 11 months and 20 days, wherein the culture water circulation is controllable, and the sizes of the culture fish tanks are 6m long, 2m wide and 2.5m deep. After 10kg of quicklime is added into each fish tank for disinfection and cleaning, water is filtered and added until the water depth is 1.9m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: and (3) putting 100kg of crucian carp into each groove for 11 months and 27 days, wherein the average specification is 75 g/tail, and 10 tail of carp, 5 tail of grass carp, 5 tail of bighead carp and 5 tail of silver carp are put into each groove, and the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 1.5kg of feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 26% of protein, 23% of fat, 30% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the fish tank can moderately change water according to the actual condition of water quality.
The result shows that the crucian carp is temporarily cultured until the time of 22 days of 3 months of the second year according to the designed temporary culture mode, 115kg of crucian carp is harvested in each tank, 60 tails of the crucian carp are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 90 g/tail; dissecting and microscopic examination are carried out, so that the development gonadal degeneration of the crucian can be observed, and the egg grains in the ovary can not be basically detected.
Example 5
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species only differs from example 4 in that the feeding amount of crucian is reduced and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the feeding amount.
Selecting a fish groove: and (3) selecting 5 plastic steel culture fish tanks of a culture base for 11 months and 20 days, wherein the culture water circulation is controllable, and the sizes of the culture fish tanks are 6m long, 2m wide and 2.5m deep. After 10kg of quicklime is added into each fish tank for disinfection and cleaning, water is filtered and added until the water depth is 1.9m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: 45kg of crucian carp, with an average specification of 75 g/tail, 10 tail of carp, 5 tail of grass carp, 5 tail of bighead carp and 5 tail of silver carp, are put into each groove for 11 months and 27 days, and the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 1kg of feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 26% of protein, 23% of fat, 30% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the fish tank can moderately change water according to the actual condition of water quality.
The result shows that 53kg of crucian is harvested in each tank at average and 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted according to a designed temporary rearing mode until the crucian is caught in the period of 3 months and 22 days of the next year, and the average specification reaches 87 g/tail; dissecting and microscopic examination are carried out, so that the development gonadal degeneration of the crucian can be observed, and the egg grains in the ovary can not be basically detected.
Example 6
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species only differs from example 4 in that the specification of crucian is increased, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the stocking specification.
Selecting a fish groove: and (3) selecting 5 plastic steel culture fish tanks of a culture base for 11 months and 20 days, wherein the culture water circulation is controllable, and the sizes of the culture fish tanks are 6m long, 2m wide and 2.5m deep. After 10kg of quicklime is added into each fish tank for disinfection and cleaning, water is filtered and added until the water depth is 1.9m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: and (3) putting 100kg of crucian carp into each groove for 11 months and 27 days, wherein the average specification is increased to 130 g/tail, and 10 tail of carp, 5 tail of grass carp, 5 tail of bighead carp and 5 tail of silver carp are put into each groove, and the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; 2kg of feed is fed, and the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 26% of protein, 23% of fat, 30% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the fish tank can moderately change water according to the actual condition of water quality.
The result shows that 106kg of crucian is harvested in each tank at average and 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted according to a designed temporary rearing mode until the crucian is caught in the period of 3 months and 22 days of the next year, and the average specification reaches 140 g/tail; dissecting and microscopic examination are carried out, so that the development gonadal degeneration of the crucian can be observed, and the egg grains in the ovary can not be basically detected.
Comparative example 1
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species is different from example 1 in that only crucian species is put into a pond, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the stocking amount.
Selecting a pond: and (3) selecting a pond in the east-west direction of a culture base, cement slope protection and mud bottom, wherein the area of the pond is 1 mu, and the size of the pond is 30m long, 22m wide and 3m deep for 11 months and 20 days. After 200kg of quicklime is added to clean the pond and disinfect for 7 days, a 750 watt aerator is erected, and water is filtered and added until the water depth reaches 2.5m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: and (3) putting 2000kg of crucian into the mixture for 11 months and 27 days, wherein the average specification is 75 g/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 18kg of feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 25% of protein, 22% of fat, 32% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the pond water is moderately replaced according to the actual condition of water quality detection.
The result shows that the crucian is temporarily cultured until the time of 22 days of 3 months of the second year according to the designed temporary culturing mode, the crucian 2100k g is harvested, 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 80 g/tail; by dissection and microscopic examination, the development gonad of the crucian can be observed to be good, a large number of eggs are detected to exist in the ovary, the relative egg yield can reach 100 eggs/g of the crucian, and compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is obvious.
Comparative example 2
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species only differs from example 1 in that the feeding amount of crucian is reduced on a large scale, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the feeding amount.
Selecting a pond: and (3) selecting a pond in the east-west direction of a culture base, cement slope protection and mud bottom, wherein the area of the pond is 1 mu, and the size of the pond is 30m long, 22m wide and 3m deep for 11 months and 20 days. After 200kg of quicklime is added to clean the pond and disinfect for 7 days, a 750 watt aerator is erected, and water is filtered and added until the water depth reaches 2.5m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: adding 200kg of crucian on the basis of the average specification of 75 g/tail on the basis of 11 months and 27 days; and (3) putting 30 tails of carp, 20 tails of grass carp, 20 tails of bighead carp and 10 tails of silver carp, wherein the average specification is 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 1.5kg of complete compound feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 25% of protein, 22% of fat, 32% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the pond water is moderately replaced according to the actual condition of water quality detection.
The result shows that 220kg of crucian is harvested after the temporary rearing is carried out until 22 days of 3 months of the next year according to the designed temporary rearing mode, 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 85 g/tail; by dissection and microscopic examination, the development gonad of the crucian can be observed to be good, a large number of eggs are detected to exist in the ovary, the relative egg yield can reach 100 eggs/g of the crucian, and compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is obvious.
Comparative example 3
A breeding method for inhibiting gonad development of crucian species only differs from example 1 in that the stocking specification of the carp is reduced, and the feeding amount is adjusted according to the stocking specification.
Selecting a pond: and (3) selecting a pond in the east-west direction of a culture base, cement slope protection and mud bottom, wherein the area of the pond is 1 mu, and the size of the pond is 30m long, 22m wide and 3m deep for 11 months and 20 days. After 200kg of quicklime is added to clean the pond and disinfect for 7 days, a 750 watt aerator is erected, and water is filtered and added until the water depth reaches 2.5m for standby.
Breeding fish seeds: for 11 months and 27 days, 2000kg of crucian is put in, and the average specification is 75 g/tail; putting 30 tails of carp, and reducing the average specification to 1 kg/tail; grass carp 20 tails, bighead carp 20 tails and silver carp 10 tails, with an average specification of 2.5 kg/tail.
Temporary rearing mode: when the sunny water temperature is higher than 5 ℃, 10 am: 00; feeding 20kg of complete compound feed, wherein the weight ratio of each component in the feed is as follows: 25% of protein, 22% of fat, 32% of vitamin and 21% of mineral substance, and adjusting feeding amount according to the feeding condition of fish; the pond water is moderately replaced according to the actual condition of water quality detection.
The result shows that the crucian is temporarily cultured until the time of 22 days of 3 months of the second year according to the designed temporary culturing mode, the crucian 2100k g is harvested, 60 tails of the crucian are randomly extracted, and the average specification reaches 80 g/tail; by dissection and microscopic examination, the development gonad of the crucian can be observed to be good, a large number of eggs are detected to exist in the ovary, the relative egg yield can reach 100 eggs/g of the crucian, and compared with the embodiment 1, the difference is obvious.
In conclusion, when the fish seeds are temporarily cultured in the pond or the fish tank, the stocking density and the stocking specification of the crucian and the carp are adjusted to be within a reasonable range, so that the development of the gonad of the crucian can be effectively inhibited. From the above examples and comparative examples, it was found that the effect was optimal when the crucian scale was 75 g/tail, the carp scale was 2.5 kg/tail, and the stocking density ratio was (2000 kg:30 tail) in the pond; the crucian and carp specifications in the fish tank are unchanged, and when the stocking density ratio is (100 kg:10 tails), the effect is optimal; however, when only crucian is temporarily cultivated, or when the specification of the carp is adjusted to 1 kg/tail, or when the stocking density ratio of the crucian to the carp is adjusted to (200 kg:30 tail), the expected effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, reasonable control of the stocking density and stocking specification of crucian and carp is a key for inhibiting the gonad development of crucian.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention should be construed as being limited to the above embodiments as long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means. Various modifications and variations are possible in the technical solution and/or in the embodiments within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The breeding method for inhibiting the gonadal development of the crucian species is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
starting in the first 11 th month, temporarily culturing fish species including crucian and carp in a pond or a fish tank, wherein the crucian specification is 20 g/tail-150 g/tail, and the carp specification is 2 kg/tail-4 kg/tail;
the crucian carp is mixedly cultivated in the pond at the stocking amount of 1500 kg/mu-3000 kg/mu and the carp at the stocking amount of 20-35 g/mu; or, the crucian carp is mixedly cultured in the fish tank at 30 kg/square meter-100 kg/square meter and the carp is caught at the end of 3 months in the next year at the stocking amount of 0.25 tail/square meter-1 tail/square meter.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the crucian specification is 50 g/tail to 100 g/tail.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acre stocking amount of crucian in the pond is 2000kg-2500kg; or the stocking amount of the crucian in the fish tank is 50kg-100kg per square meter.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temporarily cultured fish species further comprises grass carp, bighead carp, and silver carp.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the specification of grass carp, bighead carp and silver carp is 2.5 kg/tail.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed comprises 22-26% protein by weight.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15-23% of fat, 20-32% of vitamin and 18-22% of mineral substances.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the feed is fed for a period of time of 10 am each day, and the feed is fed in an amount of 1kg to 25kg.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising sterilizing and washing the pond or fish tank with quicklime prior to stocking the fish in the pond or fish tank.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond area is 1-2 mu and the fish tank area is 20-100 square meters.
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