CN1158114A - 从含二氧化硫的气体中分离卤化氢的方法 - Google Patents

从含二氧化硫的气体中分离卤化氢的方法 Download PDF

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CN1158114A
CN1158114A CN95195140A CN95195140A CN1158114A CN 1158114 A CN1158114 A CN 1158114A CN 95195140 A CN95195140 A CN 95195140A CN 95195140 A CN95195140 A CN 95195140A CN 1158114 A CN1158114 A CN 1158114A
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alkaline earth
earth metal
gas
hydrogen halides
separating hydrogen
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U·拉波罗
W·施克
J·施米德
J·斯美尔
H·美勒廷
M·舒伯特
G·路福特
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Hoechst AG
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    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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Abstract

本发明涉及使用由多孔陶瓷载体材料制成的吸附剂从含二氧化硫的气体中选择性地分离卤化氢的方法，所述载体用碱土金属盐溶液浸渍，在溶剂蒸发之后，碱土金属盐在200至800℃热解得到碱土金属氧化物·xH2O，其中x是由0至1的数。

Description

从含二氧化硫的气体中分离 卤化氢的方法
大多数已知用来从含二氧化硫的气体中分离卤化氢的方法是基于使用化学品的溶液或悬浮液，这些溶液或悬浮液通过吸收原理来结合卤化氢。在这种情况下，一般使用碱金属化合物或碱土金属化合物，如氧化物，氢氧化物或碳酸盐的溶液或悬浮液。
在许多工业上使用的吸收方法中，用液体吸收剂接触热气体通常导致气体温度的显著降低。如果含水气体混合物温度未达到其露点，则该气体混合物具有很强腐蚀性，并且难以用烟囱来排出冷气体，由于上述原因，经常要在吸收之后重新加热气体混合物，这严重破坏了工艺的能量平衡。
此外，许多碱金属化合物和碱土金属化合物，尤其氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾，是极度侵蚀性物质，因此在操作和维修用来处理气体混合物的装置时必须格外小心。
吸附方法没有这些缺点，因为它不会降低温度并且因此不会低于露点，因此无须在除去卤化氢之后再将气体混合物重新加热。此外，在吸附方法中含有侵蚀性物质的水系统被从旁路引开。
US-3278266中叙述了一种从有机化合物的气体混合物中吸附卤化氢的方法。该吸附剂包括一种元素周期表中第二主族元素的氧化物，该氧化物施加在载体上，并能通过解吸附而再生。
出人意料地，现已发现一种吸附剂，它能从含二氧化硫气体中选择性地吸附卤化氢，从而可从二氧化硫中分离卤化氢。
本发明因此涉及使用由多孔陶瓷载体材料制成的吸附剂从含二氧化硫的气体中选择性地分离卤化氢的方法，所述载体用碱土金属盐溶液浸渍，在溶剂蒸发之后，碱土金属盐在200至800℃热解得到碱土金属氧化物·xH2O，其中x是由0至1的数。
本发明在以下详细描叙，尤其是在其优选实施方案中。
将碱土金属盐溶液引入到陶瓷载体材料的孔隙中。陶瓷载体材料可用SiO2，或尤其Al2O3，或使用硅酸铝，沸石或其它陶瓷原料制成。使用的碱土金属盐是在加热至200-800℃后能形成活性氧化物的盐，单独或一起使用。优选使用镁盐溶液，如碳酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁或尤其乙酸镁。将载体干燥，然后在热解所需温度下，在孔隙中将碱土金属盐转化为活性碱土金属氧化物。热解温度越低越优选，因为这将有助于提高制成的吸附剂的吸附活性。
本发明因此得以能够由含二氧化硫气体中选择性地吸附卤化氢，优选氯化氢，从而分离二氧化硫。卤化氢在80-200℃，尤其100-150℃的温度下被吸附到吸附剂上，而二氧化硫无妨碍地通过吸附床。与在高温下进行的方法相反，在这种情况下，不会形成碱土金属硫酸盐。这是一个显著的优点，否则，在再生时，碱土金属硫酸盐不能再生形成活性MgO，从而不能提供重复吸附卤化氢的能力。
载负了溴化氢，碘化氢，或尤其是氯化氢的吸附剂然后可以在100-800℃之间，优选400-450℃之间解吸附。在这种情况下，吸附剂必须用含水的无氧气流闪蒸，以便分解在载体孔隙中沉淀的碱土金属卤化物，得到对应的卤化氢和碱土金属氧化物。任选地，为了解吸附载负了溴化氢，碘化氢或氯化氢的吸附剂，可以使用同样温度范围内的干燥含氧气体。在这种情况下，除了活性碱土金属氧化物之外，还形成相应的卤素。这样再生的吸附剂可以重新用于吸附的目的。
为更清楚地理解本发明，下面以实施例形式给出了优选实施方案。
实施例1
在一个圆筒形固定床管式吸附器内，装上250ml(床高10cm)，对应于大约260g根据US 3278266制造的吸附剂(3.1％重量的氧化镁)，用来吸附氯化氢。气体体积流量为1.6m3(STP)/h。吸附器内温度为120℃。该气体包括含7.5％体积的氢气，10％体积的水蒸汽的氮气，气体混合物含2000mg/m3(STP)的氯化氢和2800mg/m3(STP)的二氧化硫。吸附时间是5小时。
结果如下
起始吸附剂载负的氯化氢 0％重量
最终时吸附剂载负的氯化氢 3.4％重量
50分钟后透过的氯化氢 10％
100分钟后透过的氯化氢 23％
300分钟后透过的氯化氢 64％
起始时透过的二氧化硫 70％
最终时透过的二氧化硫 100％

Claims (1)

1.使用由多孔陶瓷载体材料制成的吸附剂从含二氧化硫的气体中选择地分离卤化氢的方法，所述载体用碱土金属盐溶液浸渍，在溶剂蒸发之后，碱土金属盐在200至800℃热解得到碱土金属氧化物·xH2O，其中x是由0至1的数。
CN95195140A 1994-09-19 1995-09-06 从含二氧化硫的气体中分离卤化氢的方法 Pending CN1158114A (zh)

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DE4433246A DE4433246A1 (de) 1994-09-19 1994-09-19 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines reversiblen Adsorbens
DEP4433246.7 1994-09-19

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US (1) US5888465A (zh)
EP (1) EP0782541B1 (zh)
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AU (1) AU695169B2 (zh)
CZ (1) CZ81897A3 (zh)
DE (2) DE4433246A1 (zh)
PL (1) PL320030A1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO1996009245A1 (zh)
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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107952418A (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-04-24 昆明理工大学 一种选择吸附SO2烟气中HF和HCl的吸附剂制备方法

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US7371357B2 (en) * 2005-04-27 2008-05-13 Clean World Strategies Corp. Process for removal of pollutants
US20070000385A1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-04 Stouffer Mark R Adsorbents for removing H2S, other odor causing compounds, and acid gases from gas streams and methods for producing and using these adsorbents

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107952418A (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-04-24 昆明理工大学 一种选择吸附SO2烟气中HF和HCl的吸附剂制备方法
CN107952418B (zh) * 2017-11-08 2020-11-17 昆明理工大学 一种选择吸附SO2烟气中HF和HCl的吸附剂制备方法

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US5888465A (en) 1999-03-30
AU695169B2 (en) 1998-08-06
WO1996009245A1 (de) 1996-03-28
ATE187421T1 (de) 1999-12-15
DE4433246A1 (de) 1996-03-21
DE59507397D1 (de) 2000-01-13
EP0782541B1 (de) 1999-12-08
PL320030A1 (en) 1997-09-01
KR970706203A (ko) 1997-11-03
TW304888B (zh) 1997-05-11
CZ81897A3 (en) 1997-08-13
ZA957673B (en) 1996-04-15
AU3563895A (en) 1996-04-09
EP0782541A1 (de) 1997-07-09
JPH10505815A (ja) 1998-06-09

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