CN1156494A - 用于内燃机排气系统 - Google Patents

用于内燃机排气系统 Download PDF

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CN1156494A
CN1156494A CN95194750A CN95194750A CN1156494A CN 1156494 A CN1156494 A CN 1156494A CN 95194750 A CN95194750 A CN 95194750A CN 95194750 A CN95194750 A CN 95194750A CN 1156494 A CN1156494 A CN 1156494A
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vent systems
housing
exhaust
combustion engine
gas system
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CN1098408C (zh
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罗尔夫·布吕克
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Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
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Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1827—Sealings specially adapted for exhaust systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于内燃机，尤其是汽车内燃机，最好是用于汽车低压缩比发动机的排气系统，具有一个设在排气系统中的起催化作用的装置(4)，该装置至少包括一个设在壳体(12)中、可电加热并由废气流过的蜂窝体(5)，蜂窝体(5)通过电线(9，10)与设在壳体(12)上的接点连接。装置(4)不与排气系统电耦合。为了实现装置(4)不与排气系统的电耦合壳体在入口、出口侧(6，7)处具有电绝缘层(15)。

Description

用于内燃机排气系统
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机排气系统，尤其是用于一种汽车，最好是用于汽车低压缩比发动机的排气系统，这种排气系统具有一个设置于其中的起催化作用的装置，该装置至少由一个设在壳体中可电加热并且废气从中流过的蜂窝体，该蜂窝体通过电线与设在壳体上的接点连接。
WO 92/02714公开了一种可电加热的蜂窝体，尤其是一种催化器载体，为了减少在低压缩比发动机的冷启动阶段排出有害物质，可以将其装在汽车中。
一个这样的蜂窝体设在一个壳体中，该壳体具有用于可电加热的蜂窝体的电接点。
这些电接点是这样设置的，即在一个接点和起催化作用的装置的壳体之间应该没有电接触。但是，这种努力并不总是可以可靠地满足的。当汽车处于恶劣工况时，例如由于电线绝缘的损坏就可能导致电线和壳体之间出现电连接。假如在传输较高电位的电线和壳体之间出现电连接，则发生电压击穿，这将引起接点损坏。之所以产生电压击穿是由于壳体与排气系统电连接并且排气系统通过内燃机而接地。接点的损坏将导致蜂窝体丧失可加热性或使可加热性非常低。
至今已知的蜂窝体都加有12V左右的工作电压。也进行了使蜂窝体承受更高的工作电压的努力。更高的工作电压意味着电压击穿的危险更大。
为此，本发明的目的在于改进现有的排气系统，尤其是应该在与排气系统制成一体的、在壳体上起催化作用的装置的电连接点损坏损坏时，避免出现电压击穿。
根据本发明，上述目的由权利要求1的特征予以解决。更有利的结构是各个从属权利要求的主题。
根据本发明的构思，设在内燃机排气系统中起催化作用的装置不与排气系统电耦合。利用这种措施保证：该装置处于零电位水平上。由于该装置没有电位，所以不可能出现电接点和该装置之间的电压击穿。
汽车，尤其是小汽车的排气系统是通过紧固件部分地设在汽车底盘上的。排气系统的前端与发动机固定连接。所述的紧固件尤其是由弹性、电绝缘的材料制成的环。为此建议，根据另一个有利的结构使壳体相对于排气系统的入口侧绝缘。利用这种措施将现有的电绝缘用于汽车，从而使壳体仅仅只有一侧必须相对于排气系统电绝缘。
已知排气系统的前后起催化作用的装置处设有所谓的λ探头，这些探头通过电线将控制脉冲传给发动机控制器。其优点在于，当整个壳体向着排气系统电绝缘的时候，利用一个现有的λ探头使壳体不处于一个确定的电位上。
通过在该装置与排气系统的其它零件连接处设置一个电绝缘中间层来实现该装置不与排气系统的电耦合。
这种中间层涉及一个垫片，该垫片由陶瓷材料或塑料材料制成。这种中间层不仅要起绝缘作用，而且还要承受排气系统中的高温。
另一种可能是通过用一种电绝缘材料制造壳体来实现该装置不与排气系统的电耦合。
下面将结合附图描述本发明的实施例、有利的结构和应用的可能性，但本发明并不限于这些示例。其中：
图1示意表示一个排气系统的结构，
图2为通过催化器的纵剖视图。
图1中示意表示了一个用于汽车低压缩比发动机1的排气系统的结构。发动机1的排气通道通过扇形管2与管3相连。管3构成一个排气分支，其中可以设置许多图中没有表示的消声器。沿着废气流向R在排气管3上设有起催化作用装置，以下称之为催化器4。蜂窝体5在催化器4的入口侧7处被电加热。催化器4的出口侧6与管8连接，由此使废气排出排气系统。蜂窝体5通过电线9，10与电源11相连。电源11可以是电池和/或发电机(照明发电机)。电线9，10的接点相对催化器4的壳体12电绝缘。
如图2所示，管3上设有连接法兰13。壳体12上也设有连接法兰14。在连接法兰13，14之间设有一层绝缘层15。催化器4的出口侧也设有一个法兰14，该法兰机械地与管8上的法兰16连接。在法兰14，16之间设有一层电绝缘层15。
通过电绝缘层使催化器4不与排气系统电耦合。催化器的壳体为零电位。

Claims (7)

1.用于内燃机，尤其是汽车内燃机，最好是用于汽车低压缩比发动机的排气系统，具有一个设在排气系统中的起催化作用的装置(4)，该装置至少包括一个设在壳体(12)中、可电加热并由废气流过的蜂窝体(5)，蜂窝体(5)通过电缆(9，10)与设在壳体(12)上的接点连接，其特征在于，装置(4)不与排气系统电耦合。
2.如权利要求1所述的排气系统，其中排气系统局部地通过由电绝缘材料制成的紧固件固定在汽车上，其特征在于，壳体(12)相对排气系统电绝缘。
3.如权利要求2所述的排气系统，其特征在于，壳体(12)的进和/或出侧(7，6)设有绝缘层。
4.如权利要求2所述的排气系统，其特征在于，在装置(4)和排气系统的相邻的零件之间设有一个电绝缘中间层(15)。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的排气系统，其特征在于，绝缘层或中间层(15)由陶瓷材料制成。
6.如权利要求3或4所述的排气系统，其特征在于，绝缘层或中间层(15)由塑料制成。
7.如权利要求1所述的排气系统，其特征在于，壳体(12)由电绝缘材料制成。
CN95194750A 1994-08-23 1995-07-19 用于内燃机的排气系统 Expired - Fee Related CN1098408C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4429878.1 1994-08-23
DE4429878A DE4429878A1 (de) 1994-08-23 1994-08-23 Abgassystem für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine

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CN1156494A true CN1156494A (zh) 1997-08-06
CN1098408C CN1098408C (zh) 2003-01-08

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US (1) US5887426A (zh)
EP (1) EP0777824B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3626197B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100217145B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1098408C (zh)
DE (2) DE4429878A1 (zh)
MX (1) MX9701353A (zh)
MY (1) MY115369A (zh)
TW (1) TW309573B (zh)
WO (1) WO1996006269A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103269770A (zh) * 2010-12-24 2013-08-28 日本碍子株式会社 蜂窝状结构体
CN103953422A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-30 成都陵川特种工业有限责任公司 用于汽车尾气处理的净化器腔体结构
CN105874179A (zh) * 2014-01-24 2016-08-17 神钢建机株式会社 工程机械的消声器

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DE19724964A1 (de) 1997-06-12 1998-12-17 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Abgassystem, geeignet für die Nachrüstung von Abgaskatalysatoren bei Motorrädern
DE102008058779A1 (de) 2008-11-24 2010-05-27 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Modul für einen thermoelektrischen Generator und ein thermoelektrischer Generator
DE102011002492A1 (de) * 2011-01-11 2012-07-12 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Flanschbauteil und Herstellungsverfahren
GB2518418A (en) 2013-09-20 2015-03-25 Johnson Matthey Plc Electrically heated catalyst for a compression ignition engine
US10738685B2 (en) 2015-02-26 2020-08-11 Gihun KIM Apparatus for increasing flow rate in engine pipe and processing method therefor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103269770A (zh) * 2010-12-24 2013-08-28 日本碍子株式会社 蜂窝状结构体
CN103269770B (zh) * 2010-12-24 2015-07-15 日本碍子株式会社 蜂窝状结构体
US9468921B2 (en) 2010-12-24 2016-10-18 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Honeycomb structure
CN105874179A (zh) * 2014-01-24 2016-08-17 神钢建机株式会社 工程机械的消声器
CN105874179B (zh) * 2014-01-24 2018-06-26 神钢建机株式会社 工程机械的消声器
US10215068B2 (en) 2014-01-24 2019-02-26 Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Muffler for construction machine
CN103953422A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-30 成都陵川特种工业有限责任公司 用于汽车尾气处理的净化器腔体结构

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Publication number Publication date
EP0777824A1 (de) 1997-06-11
CN1098408C (zh) 2003-01-08
KR100217145B1 (ko) 1999-09-01
JP3626197B2 (ja) 2005-03-02
JPH10508075A (ja) 1998-08-04
US5887426A (en) 1999-03-30
TW309573B (zh) 1997-07-01
DE4429878A1 (de) 1996-03-07
MY115369A (en) 2003-05-31
EP0777824B1 (de) 1998-03-04
WO1996006269A1 (de) 1996-02-29
MX9701353A (es) 1997-05-31
DE59501578D1 (de) 1998-04-09
KR970705693A (ko) 1997-10-09

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