CN115606676B - 一种低糖减脂模拟干酪及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于乳制品制备技术领域,具体涉及一种低糖减脂模拟干酪及其制备方法,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物[酪蛋白:乳清蛋白:大豆分离蛋白=(0.2~0.8):(0.2~0.8):1]以100计,功能性糖醇5~15%、脂肪替代物5~15%、乳化盐2.5~3.5%,复合稳定剂0.3~0.7%,转谷氨酰胺酶0.2‑0.8%;本发明通过酪蛋白、乳清蛋白和大豆蛋白复配的蛋白质为产品的蛋白来源,既能强化产品的营养价值又能够提高产品的经济效益,具有低糖、减脂、风味、口感好等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于乳制品制备技术领域,具体涉及一种低糖减脂模拟干酪及其制备方法。
背景技术
干酪是一种乳制品,含有非常丰富的营养物质:蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质、维生素等。在国际上,根据加工类型,干酪通常被分为三类:天然干酪、再制干酪和干酪食品。干酪中富含共轭亚油酸(CLA),具有抗癌和抗氧化特性。在加工和成熟过程中,微生物发酵将蛋白质分解成容易被人体消化和吸收的小分子;此外,蛋白质的降解可以产生具有多种作用的生物活性肽,如抗高血压、抗氧化和抗炎作用;干酪是一些维生素和生物钙的良好来源。干酪中含有丰富的活性钙质,有助于孩子的骨骼发育,怀孕妇女多食用干酪可以预防婴儿龋齿的发生。此外,存在于干酪中的微生物可能对宿主生物体有直接的有益影响,或产生有益的代谢物。以上结果表明,干酪具有许多重要的生理功能,适合所有年龄段的人食用。
本发明基于产业界对模拟干酪产品开发的技术需求,聚焦消费者对食品营养、美味、安全的期待,立足国内质优量大的原材料,借鉴现有的模拟干酪配方规律和工艺进行技术集成创新,开发健康美味的低糖低脂高蛋白模拟干酪。开发的模拟干酪不仅能量较低,而且具有一定的功能性和独特风味。因此以感官评分为指标,就脂肪替代物、功能性糖醇、稳定剂、谷氨酰胺酶(TG)进行添加试验,探寻前三类中适宜的物质、添加量和TG酶添加量;通过采用优化试验确定模拟干酪的脂肪替代物、功能性糖醇、稳定剂、TG等物质的配方,使得制得的干酪中脂肪含量≤20%,开发出一种具有低糖、减脂、高蛋白质、风味、口感易被广大消费者接受的干酪。
发明内容
本发明提供一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,通过酪蛋白、乳清蛋白和大豆蛋白复配的蛋白质为产品的蛋白来源,既能强化产品的营养价值又能够提高产品的经济效益,具有低糖、减脂、风味、口感好等优点。
本发明为实现上述目的,通过以下技术方案予以实现:一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物[酪蛋白:乳清蛋白:大豆分离蛋白=(0.2~0.8):(0.2~0.8):1]以100计,功能性糖醇5~15%、脂肪替代物5~15%、乳化盐[多聚磷酸钠:柠檬酸钠:焦磷酸钠=(2.0~3.0):(4.0~6.0):1]2.5~3.5%,复合稳定剂[卡拉胶:刺槐豆胶:瓜尔豆胶=(0.9~1.1):(0.9~1.1):1.0]0.3~0.7%,转谷氨酰胺酶0.2-0.8%。在此条件下,模拟干酪的质构参数最佳。
作为本方案的进一步优化,所述功能性糖醇为赤藓糖醇和麦芽糖醇中的任一一种。
作为本方案的进一步优化,所述脂肪替代物为魔芋精粉、变性淀粉和葡聚糖中的任一一种。
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪的制备方法包括以下步骤:配方设计以及原料混合→加水及乳化盐,室温混合1 min→加入复合稳定剂→热处理并持续搅拌(80℃/5~8min) →均质融块,使得pH在8.0~8.5→添加酸味剂→调整pH为5.4~6.0→热装模→冷却→贮藏(-4~4℃)→成品。
作为本方案的进一步优化,所述将热处理后的混料降温至40~55℃之间,添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶0.2~0.8%,保温0.5~1.0 h。
作为本方案的进一步优化,所述热处理为通过高温水浴加热的方式对混料进行热处理,温度控制在80℃,加热搅拌时间为7 min。
作为本方案的进一步优化,所述酸味剂为柠檬酸钠和无水柠檬酸中的任一一种。
本发明提供一种低糖减脂模拟干酪及其制备方法,具有以下有益效果:
干酪中糖和脂肪的含量较低,均符合《GB 28050-2011 食品安全国家标准预包装食品营养标签通则》中低糖、低脂肪声称的要求和条件。
附图说明
以下结合附图进一步说明本发明:
图1为本发明工艺流程图
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。本发明的实施例是为了示例和描述起见而给出的,而并不是无遗漏的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。很多修改和变化对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。选择和描述实施例是为了更好说明本发明的原理和实际应用,并且使本领域的普通技术人员能够理解本发明从而设计适于特定用途的带有各种修改的各种实施例。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇5%、脂肪替代物5%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.2%、乳化盐2.5%,复合稳定剂0.3%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇5%、脂肪替代物10%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.4%、乳化盐3%,复合稳定剂0.5%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇5%、脂肪替代物15%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.8%、乳化盐3.5%,复合稳定剂0.7%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇10%、脂肪替代物5%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.2%、乳化盐2.5%,复合稳定剂0.3%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇10%、脂肪替代物10%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.4%、乳化盐3%,复合稳定剂0.5%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇10%、脂肪替代物15%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.8%、乳化盐3.5%,复合稳定剂0.7%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇15%、脂肪替代物5%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.2%、乳化盐2.5%,复合稳定剂0.3%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇15%、脂肪替代物10%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.4%、乳化盐3%,复合稳定剂0.5%。
实施例
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇15%、脂肪替代物15%、,转谷氨酰胺酶0.8%、乳化盐3.5%,复合稳定剂0.7%。
一种低糖减脂模拟干酪的制备方法包括以下步骤:配方设计以及原料混合→加水及乳化盐,室温混合1 min→加入复合稳定剂→热处理并持续搅拌(80℃/5-8min) →均质融块,使得pH在8.0~8.5→添加酸味剂→调整pH为5.4~6.0→热装模→冷却→贮藏(-4~4℃)→成品。
制备方法中相关步骤具体内容:
(1)原料混合
将酪蛋白、乳清蛋白等干物质加入必需的水分、乳化盐在室温下混合1 min。
(2)热处理
通过高温水浴加热的方式对混料在搅拌下进行热处理,达到均质、“奶油化”效果。
(3)调整温度和pH,加酶
将热处理后的混料降温至40~55℃之间,添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶0.2%~0.8%,保温0.5~1.0 h。在此工序通过添加柠檬酸使得产品最终pH达到5.4~6.0,提高干酪的弹性和乳化性能。
(4)热装模
干酪在加热融化后流动性最强,因此在此时装模可以获得形态最佳的产品。
(5)贮藏
热装模后的干酪冷却至室温后在-4~4℃下进行贮藏。
实施例1至实施例9对其进行测试后进行感官评分如下表:
从上表可知,添加10%的魔芋精粉、10%的麦芽糖醇、0.4%谷氨酰胺转氨酶、3%乳化盐以及0.5%复合稳定剂,所得的感官评分最好。
本发明的基本教导已加以说明,对具有本领域通常技能的人而言,许多延伸和变化将是显而易知者。由于说明书揭示的本发明可在未脱离本发明精神或大体特征的其它特定形式来实施,且这些特定形式的一些形式已经被指出,所以,说明书揭示的实施例应视为举例说明而非限制。本发明的范围是由所附的申请专利范围界定,而不是由上述说明所界定,对于落入申请专利范围的均等意义与范围的所有改变仍将包含在其范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,其特征在于,所述模拟干酪由以下重量百分比的原料制备而成:蛋白混合物以100计,功能性糖醇5~15%、脂肪替代物5~15%、乳化盐2.5~3.5%,复合稳定剂0.3~0.7%,转谷氨酰胺酶0.2-0.8%;所述蛋白混合物为酪蛋白:乳清蛋白:大豆分离蛋白=(0.2~0.8):(0.2~0.8):1;所述乳化盐为多聚磷酸钠:柠檬酸钠:焦磷酸钠=(2.0~3.0):(4.0~6.0):1;所述复合稳定剂为卡拉胶:刺槐豆胶:瓜尔豆胶=(0.9~1.1):(0.9~1.1):1.0;
所述模拟干酪的制备方法包括以下步骤:配方设计以及原料混合→加水及乳化盐,室温混合1 min→加入复合稳定剂→热处理并持续搅拌80℃/5~8min→均质融块,使得pH在8.0~8.5→添加酸味剂→调整pH为5.4~6.0→热装模→冷却→贮藏-4~4℃→成品;
所述功能性糖醇为麦芽糖醇;所述脂肪替代物为魔芋精粉;
将热处理后的混料降温至40~55℃之间,添加谷氨酰胺转氨酶0.2~0.8%,保温0.5~1.0h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,其特征在于,所述热处理为通过高温水浴加热的方式对混料进行热处理,温度控制在80℃,加热搅拌时间为7 min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种低糖减脂模拟干酪,其特征在于,所述酸味剂为柠檬酸钠和无水柠檬酸中的任一一种。
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