CN115590113A - Chrysanthemum indicum feed additive and application thereof in prawn culture - Google Patents
Chrysanthemum indicum feed additive and application thereof in prawn culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN115590113A CN115590113A CN202211256364.7A CN202211256364A CN115590113A CN 115590113 A CN115590113 A CN 115590113A CN 202211256364 A CN202211256364 A CN 202211256364A CN 115590113 A CN115590113 A CN 115590113A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/076—Poria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
- A61K36/287—Chrysanthemum, e.g. daisy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/65—Paeoniaceae (Peony family), e.g. Chinese peony
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/70—Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock
- A61K36/708—Rheum (rhubarb)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/71—Ranunculaceae (Buttercup family), e.g. larkspur, hepatica, hydrastis, columbine or goldenseal
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chrysanthemum indicum feed additive and application thereof in prawn culture, which is characterized by comprising chrysanthemum indicum powder, white paeony root, rhubarb and tuckahoe, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 80% of Tianxiang inulin, 5% of white peony root powder, 5% of rhubarb powder and 10% of tuckahoe powder, and the preparation method of the Tianxiang inulin comprises the following steps: the chrysanthemum leaf and stem part is air dried or dried at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, the weight percentage of the chrysanthemum feed additive added in the prawn feed is 3-5%, and the chrysanthemum feed additive is uniformly mixed to prepare particles with the particle size of 1.5 mm, or is directly mixed with feed and fed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a prawn breeding feed additive, in particular to a chrysanthemum indicum feed additive and application thereof in prawn breeding.
Background
Intensive and high-density industrial aquaculture mode becomes the development trend of aquaculture industry, but simultaneously, a large amount of diseases of aquatic animals and shrimps are frequently caused, and the development of the aquaculture industry is greatly restricted. The traditional disease control mainly comprising antibiotics and chemical drugs not only causes the increase of drug resistance of aquatic animals, the increase of drug-resistant strains and the reduction of treatment effect, but also seriously affects the health and environmental safety of consumer groups.
The plant feed additive is a natural antibiotic, has rich active ingredients, contains active substances such as polysaccharide, flavone, glycoside and the like, has high nutritional and medicinal values, and has the advantages of good effect, no pollution, no residue, wide raw material source and the like. The Dendranthema indicum is a perennial herb feverfew in the original North America, is a new cultivated variety (Dendranthema indicum No. 1) cultivated after multi-generation improvement, and has the characteristics of wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, heat and cold resistance, salt and alkali resistance, high grass yield, high nutritional value and the like. Chemical analysis shows that: the chrysanthemum morifolium ramat is rich in a series of nutrient components and bioactive functional substances such as protein (10-18%), amino acid, flavone, polyphenol, polysaccharide, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the like, is suitable for being developed into food, health care products and feed additives, and has important utilization value. The chrysanthemum is an excellent crop with high yield, high quality, strong adaptability and good palatability, and the yield per mu can reach 15-20 tons. Therefore, the feed additive developed based on the chrysanthemum indicum is low in cost and good in effect, is a real high-nutrition antibiotic-free disease-preventing feed additive, is an ideal antibiotic-reducing alternative product for aquaculture, is suitable for wide popularization and application in aquaculture industry, improves the economic income of aquaculture industry, protects the ecological environment, and promotes the healthy and continuous development of aquaculture industry. At present, no research report related to the application of the Tianxiangju feed additive, the preparation method and the prawn culture thereof is disclosed at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chrysanthemum morifolium ramat feed additive which can promote the growth of prawns and obviously improve the resistance of cultured prawns to vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot disease (WSSV) and application thereof in prawn culture.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a herba Dendranthematis indici feed additive comprises herba Dendranthematis indici powder.
Further, the preparation method of the osbeckia chinensis powder comprises the following steps: air drying or drying the stem and leaf parts of the saussurea involucrate at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, crushing and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve.
Further comprises white paeony root, rhubarb and tuckahoe, and the mass percentage of each component is as follows: 80% of Tianxiang powder, 5% of white peony root powder, 5% of rhubarb powder and 10% of tuckahoe powder.
The application of the chrysanthemum indicum feed additive in prawn culture is provided.
The chrysanthemum indicum feed additive is applied to prawn culture, the weight percentage of the chrysanthemum indicum feed additive added into prawn feed is 3-5%, and the chrysanthemum indicum feed additive is uniformly mixed to prepare particles with the particle size of 1.5 mm or directly mixed with feed for feeding.
The application of the tanacetum parthenium feed additive in preparing a vibrio parahaemolyticus inhibitor is provided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to a chrysanthemum feed additive and application thereof in prawn culture, which is characterized in that a proper amount of chrysanthemum, white peony root, rhubarb, tuckahoe and other Chinese herbal medicines are added into prawn feed, and through the synergistic effect of the chrysanthemum, the chrysanthemum feed additive can obviously promote the growth of prawns, improve the survival rate of prawns and improve the disease resistance of prawns, has good economic and social benefits, is beneficial to the sustainable healthy development of prawn culture, and accords with the strategic development trend of aquatic feed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
1. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
1. Respectively weighing the following raw materials: 80% of saussurea involucrate, 5% of white peony root, 5% of rhubarb and 10% of poria cocos.
2. Pulverizing the above materials into fine powder, respectively, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve.
3. The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive for promoting the growth of the prawns and improving the disease resistance of the prawns is obtained by fully mixing the raw material powder.
4. The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive is added into feed to prepare granular bait for feeding.
And (3) chrysanthemum: it is rich in protein (10-18%), amino acids, flavone, polyphenol, polysaccharide, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotene, superoxide dismutase (SOD), etc. and contains a series of nutrients and bioactive functional substances.
White peony root: it is a commonly used clinical herb with slightly cold nature, bitter and sour taste, and mainly enters liver and spleen meridians. Has effects in nourishing liver, relieving pain, astringing yin, arresting sweating, nourishing blood, regulating menstruation, and suppressing liver yang.
Rhubarb: contains various trace beneficial substances such as polysaccharide and glycosides, has effects of enhancing organism immunity, promoting growth, clearing away heat and toxic materials, and resisting bacteria, and can be used for preventing and treating Escherichia coli, diplococcus pneumoniae, influenza virus, etc.
Poria cocos: contains pachyman, triterpenoid pachyman, pachyman lyase, lipase and protease, and has effects of promoting digestion and absorption, enhancing immunity, resisting tumor, reducing blood sugar, inhibiting gastric acid secretion, and resisting bacteria.
2. Comparative test
The experiments with the additive of the invention for feeding prawns were as follows:
preparing 5 feeds: 1. prawn basal feed +1% of the additive prepared in example 1; 2. prawn basal feed +2% of the additive prepared in example 1; 3. prawn basal feed +3% of the additive prepared in example 1; 4. prawn basal feed +4% of the additive prepared in example 1; 5. prawn basal feed +5% of the additive prepared in example 1.
Comparative example 1: 1 percent of chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 2: 3 percent of chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 3: 5 percent of chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 4: 7 percent of chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 5: 1 percent of common chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 6: 3 percent of common chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 7: 5 percent of common chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 8: 7 percent of common chrysanthemum powder is added into the prawn basal feed.
Comparative example 9: a prawn basal feed.
The experiment is carried out in pilot plant of Ningbo university, the experimental litopenaeus vannamei is cultivated in an ecological cycle cultivation system, 50 litters are cultivated in each bucket (diameter is 1 m, height is 0.8 m), and each feed group is provided with 3 parallels. Uniformly feeding shrimp fries with average body length of 3.05 plus or minus 0.45 cm and average weight of 0.65 plus or minus 0.04 g, and culturing density of 50 tails/m 3 And formally starting the experiment 7 days after the seedlings are released. Continuously inflating, wherein the water temperature is 27 +/-2 ℃, the pH value is 7.8-7.9, and the salinity is 5 per mill. The daily feeding amount of the feed is about 4 percent of the weight of the shrimps, the feed is fed for 3 times every day on the basis of no or little residue, the feed is fed at 7% in the morning, 12% in the noon and 6% in the afternoon, the residual feed and the excrement are removed in time, and the culture period is 60 days. After the feeding experiment is finished, the weight and the survival rate of the prawns are measured by using the formula: WGR = (end-initial weight)/initial weight, calculate prawn growth rate. The results are shown in table 1 below,
TABLE 1 Effect of different feeds on the growth Performance of prawn
As shown in Table 1, the weight gain rate and the survival rate of the prawns can be remarkably improved by adding the senecio cineraria powder into the basic feed according to different proportions and feeding the prawns, the weight gain rate and the survival rate of the prawns cannot be remarkably improved by adding the common chrysanthemum powder into the basic feed and feeding the prawns, and after the compound powder prepared by compounding the white paeony root, the rhubarb, the poria cocos and the senecio cineraria is added into the basic feed and fed with the prawns, the effect is remarkably higher than that of the basic feed and the senecio cineraria is added independently, so that the palatability of the senecio cineraria compound additive is good, the survival rate of the prawns can be improved, and the growth of the prawns can be promoted.
And after the feeding experiment is finished, further performing an attacking experiment by using pathogenic bacteria vibrio parahaemolyticus. Randomly selecting 30 prawn from each group, feeding into 200L bucket, adding cultured Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and making final concentration of Vibrio parahaemolyticus reach 1 × 10 according to semi-lethal dose 7 CFU/mL, continuously counteracting poison for 7 days, recording death condition of the prawns in the water tank every day, and counting death of the prawns after counteracting poisonAnd (4) rate. The results are shown in table 2 below, which shows,
TABLE 2 Effect of different feeds on the resistance of prawn to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection
As shown in Table 2, the prawn fed with the chrysanthemum morifolium compound additive in different proportions obtains higher relative protection rate after being attacked by vibrio parahaemolyticus, which indicates that the prawn can improve the vibrio parahaemolyticus resistance by adding the chrysanthemum morifolium feed additive.
After the feeding experiment is finished, a virus attacking experiment is further carried out by using the white spot virus WSSV. Randomly selecting 30 prawn from each group, feeding into 200L water tank, adding WSSV, and making final concentration of WSSV 1 × 10 according to semi-lethal dose 6 Continuously attacking the prawn for 7 days, recording the death condition of the prawn in the water tank every day, and counting the death rate of the prawn after the attacking is finished. The results are shown in Table 3
TABLE 3 Effect of different feeds on the WSSV infection resistance of prawns
As shown in Table 3, the prawn fed with the chrysanthemum indicum composite additive with different proportions obtains higher relative protection rate after being detoxified by WSSV, which indicates that the prawn anti-white spot disease capability can be improved by adding the chrysanthemum indicum feed additive.
The above description is not intended to limit the invention, nor is the invention limited to the examples set forth above. Those skilled in the art should also appreciate that they may make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A Tianxiangju feed additive is characterized by comprising Tianxiang chrysanthemum powder.
2. The chrysanthemum indicum feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the chrysanthemum indicum powder is prepared by the following steps: air drying or drying the stem and leaf parts of the saussurea involucrate at the temperature of 40-60 ℃, crushing and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve.
3. The chrysanthemum morifolium feed additive as claimed in claim 1, further comprising white peony root, rhubarb and tuckahoe, wherein the mass percentages of the components are as follows: 80% of Tianxiang inulin, 5% of white peony root powder, 5% of rhubarb powder and 10% of tuckahoe powder.
4. Use of the tanacetum parthenium feed additive of any one of claims 1-3 in prawn farming.
5. The application of the chrysanthemum morifolium feed additive in prawn culture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 3-5% of the additive is added into the prawn feed, and the prawn feed is uniformly mixed to prepare particles with the particle size of 1.5 mm, or is directly mixed with the feed and fed.
6. Use of a feverfew feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for the preparation of a vibrio parahaemolyticus inhibitor.
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| CN113797272A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2021-12-17 | 广西大学 | Chinese herbal medicine compound preparation for preventing and treating prawn vibrio parahaemolyticus disease and preparation method thereof |
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| KR20070004495A (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2007-01-09 | 동우당제약(주) | The herbs additive of feedstuff to breeding of birds for poultry farming |
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