CN115530373A - Health food suitable for diabetic patients and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Health food suitable for diabetic patients and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 244000302512 Momordica charantia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000009811 Momordica charantia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 235000008599 Poria cocos Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241001633680 Polygonatum odoratum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000046146 Pueraria lobata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000010575 Pueraria lobata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
- A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
- A23P10/40—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products free-flowing powder or instant powder, i.e. powder which is reconstituted rapidly when liquid is added
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method of a health food suitable for diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking sealwort, poria cocos, pine pollen, kudzu vine root, polygonatum odoratum, oyster and bitter melon seeds as raw materials, taking ethanol as a solvent, carrying out low-temperature extraction and reduced-pressure concentration to obtain a water-soluble extract, adding absolute ethanol for purification to obtain a purified liquid, adding tween 80 to obtain a filtrate, mixing the filtrate with an auxiliary material solution prepared from mannitol, sodium bicarbonate and methionine to form a mixed solution, homogenizing, degassing in sequence, carrying out injection molding, and carrying out freeze drying. The health food prepared by the invention is suitable for diabetes patients, the extraction effective components are rich, the extraction conversion rate is high, the conversion rates of charantin and polygonatum polysaccharide respectively reach 74.9 percent and 85.7 percent, the prepared tablet has excellent stability, stable shape and color, smooth surface, stable and unabated content of active ingredients, stable storage for 24 months, excellent disintegration performance, and the disintegration can be completed within 12s in the fastest disintegration time limit of 0 day.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food health care, in particular to a health food suitable for diabetics and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Diabetes is a series of metabolic disorder syndromes of sugar, protein, fat, water, electrolyte and the like caused by hypofunction of pancreatic islets, insulin resistance and the like due to the action of various pathogenic factors such as genetic factors, immune dysfunction, microbial infection and toxins thereof, free radical toxins, mental factors and the like on organisms, is clinically characterized by hyperglycemia, can have three more and one less symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and emaciation in typical cases, and can cause complications once the diabetes is not well controlled, so that the parts of kidneys, eyes, feet and the like are subjected to failure and pathological changes.
Many medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicine components have certain blood sugar reducing effect on human bodies, such as balsam pear, kudzuvine root, rhizoma polygonati and the like, and effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine components are extracted and mixed to prepare tablets, granules, oral liquid and the like, wherein the tablets are convenient to carry and take. However, when various traditional Chinese medicine ingredients are mixed to prepare tablets, the problem that various active ingredients are decomposed to different degrees in the long-term storage process to cause the efficacy of the active ingredients to be reduced is always encountered, secondly, the disintegration rate of the active ingredients needs to be considered when the tablets are prepared, the speed of the disintegration speed directly influences the release and absorption of the active ingredients and volatile ingredients in the tablets in vivo, and the quality of the active ingredients and the volatile ingredients is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar of a diabetic patient.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar. The health food prepared by the invention has high disintegration speed, and the stability of the active ingredients is excellent without loss.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a health food suitable for diabetics is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing water-soluble extract from rhizoma polygonati, poria cocos, pine pollen, radix puerariae, radix polygonati officinalis, oyster and bitter melon seeds, purifying to obtain purified liquid, preparing mixed liquid with tween 80, mannitol, sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and finally freeze-drying to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine composition.
Further, 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of poria cocos, 3-7 parts of pine pollen, 6-10 parts of radix puerariae, 8-15 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 10-15 parts of oyster and 20-25 parts of bitter melon seeds in parts by weight.
Further, the water-soluble extract is prepared by performing three-step low-temperature extraction on the raw materials to obtain an extraction stock solution, and then performing reduced pressure concentration, wherein the three-step low-temperature extraction is to mix the raw materials, add 30-40% volume fraction ethanol solution into the raw materials, heat the mixture to 30-35 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.05-0.08 MPa, extract the mixture for 20-30min, collect extract liquid, the second step of extraction is to add 60-70% volume fraction ethanol solution into the solid obtained after the first step of extraction, adjust the vacuum degree to-0.03-0.06 MPa, extract the mixture for 20-30min at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, collect the extract liquid, and the third step of extraction is to add 20-30% volume fraction ethanol solution into the solid obtained after the second step of extraction, extract the mixture for 20-30min at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ under the pressure of-0.07-0.08 MPa, collect the extract liquid, and collect the mixed extraction stock solution obtained by the three steps of extraction.
Further, the purification is that absolute ethyl alcohol is added into the prepared extract, the mixture is stirred evenly and then stands for 24 to 36 hours, then the mixture is centrifuged at 8000 to 12000rpm, the precipitate is collected, purified water is added, the mixture is stirred and dissolved and then stands for 12 to 16 hours, then the mixture is centrifuged at 8000 to 12000rpm, and the centrifugate is collected and used as purified liquid for standby; the mass ratio of the extract to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1.
Further, adding tween 80 into the purified solution, and filtering to obtain a filtrate, wherein the mass ratio of the purified solution to the tween 80 is 150-200.
Further, the auxiliary material solution is prepared by adding mannitol into purified water, stirring for 20-30min at the rotation speed of 20-30rpm, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 10-15min, wherein the mass ratio of mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, methionine and purified water is 3-5.
Further, the mass ratio of the filtrate to the auxiliary material solution is 1.
The preparation method of the health food suitable for the diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking sealwort, poria cocos, pine pollen, kudzu vine root, polygonatum odoratum, oyster and bitter gourd seed as raw materials, taking ethanol as a solvent, carrying out low-temperature extraction and reduced-pressure concentration to obtain a water-soluble extract, adding absolute ethanol for purification to obtain a purified liquid, adding tween 80 to obtain a filtrate, mixing the filtrate with an auxiliary material solution prepared from mannitol, sodium bicarbonate and methionine to form a mixed solution, homogenizing, degassing in sequence, carrying out injection molding, and carrying out freeze drying.
Further, 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of poria cocos, 3-7 parts of pine pollen, 6-10 parts of radix puerariae, 8-15 parts of radix polygonati officinalis, 10-15 parts of oyster and 20-25 parts of bitter melon seeds in parts by weight.
Further, the auxiliary material solution is prepared by adding mannitol into purified water, stirring for 20-30min at the rotation speed of 20-30rpm, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 10-15min, wherein the mass ratio of mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, methionine and purified water is (3-5).
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the purified solution to the Tween 80 is 150-200, and the mass ratio of the filtrate to the auxiliary material solution is 1.
Further, the low-temperature extraction is specifically divided into three steps of extraction, wherein the first step of extraction is to mix raw materials, add 30-40% by volume of ethanol solution, heat to 30-35 ℃ under vacuum degree of-0.05-0.08 MPa, extract for 20-30min, collect extract, the second step of extraction is to add 60-70% by volume of ethanol solution to the solid after the first step of extraction, adjust the vacuum degree to-0.03-0.06 MPa, extract for 20-30min at 40-45 ℃, collect extract, the third step of extraction is to add 20-30% by volume of ethanol solution to the solid after the second step of extraction, extract for 20-30min at-0.07-0.08 MPa and 30-40 ℃, collect extract, and mix the extract raw liquid collected in the three steps of extraction.
The high-temperature extraction speed is high, the efficiency is high, but the extracted effective components are easily damaged by high temperature, the activity is reduced, and the loss is caused. Therefore, low-temperature extraction is considered, but in the low-temperature extraction process, because the extraction temperature is low, the extraction speed is slow, and many effective components cannot be obtained by extraction, the extraction efficiency is low, and the types of extracted effective components are few. According to the invention, ethanol solutions with different concentrations are adopted to perform extraction step by step under different extraction conditions, so that the composition of rich effective components is efficiently obtained, and through the difference of water-soluble components extracted in each step, after the previous extraction step is finished, the structural change of components in the raw materials influences the next extraction step, so that the extraction rate is accelerated, and the transfer rate of the effective components is improved.
Further, the purification is that absolute ethyl alcohol is added into the extracted extract, the mixture is stirred evenly and then stands for 24-36h, then the mixture is centrifuged at 8000-12000rpm, the precipitate is collected, purified water is added, the mixture is stirred to be dissolved and then stands for 12-16h, the mixture is centrifuged at 8000-12000rpm, and the centrifugate is collected and used as purified liquid for standby.
Through the purification treatment, the residual components in the purification liquid are basically water-soluble components.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the extract to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1.
Further, the vacuum concentration is that the extraction stock solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to the relative density of 1.03-1.06kg/cm at the vacuum degree of-0.05 to-0.08 MPa and the temperature of 50-60 DEG C 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract.
Further, the freeze drying is carried out by cooling to-40-45 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping for 3-5h, performing qualitative vacuum pumping to-0.08-0.11 MPa, heating to-15-20 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, keeping for 4-6h, heating to 8-10 ℃ within 30-60min, keeping for 3-5h, heating to 25-30min within 20-30min, keeping for 2-3h, and obtaining the freeze-dried tablet.
Further, homogenizing the mixed solution at 1800-2000rpm for 30-60min to obtain a homogenized solution; degassing is to place the homogeneous solution under-0.05 to-0.08 MPa for 10-15min.
Most particularly, the preparation method of the health food suitable for the diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the extract
(1) Extraction: mixing 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of poria cocos, 3-7 parts of pine pollen, 6-10 parts of radix puerariae, 8-15 parts of radix polygonati officinalis, 10-15 parts of oyster and 20-25 parts of bitter melon seeds in parts by weight, crushing and sieving to obtain mixed powder, performing three-step extraction by using ethanol as a solvent, wherein the first step of extraction is to add the mixed powder into an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 30-40%, heating to 30-35 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.05-0.08 MPa, extracting for 20-30min, collecting extract liquor, the second step of extraction is to add the ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 60-70% into the solid obtained after the first step of extraction, adjusting the vacuum degree to-0.03-0.06 MPa, extracting for 20-30min at the temperature of 40-45 ℃, collecting extract liquor, the third step of extraction is to add the ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 20-30% into the solid obtained after the second step of extraction, extracting at the temperature of 30-40 ℃, collecting the extract liquor obtained in the third step of the mixed extraction, and collecting the extract liquor obtained in the third step of the original extraction;
(2) And (3) concentrating under reduced pressure: concentrating the extraction stock solution under reduced pressure at a vacuum degree of-0.05 to-0.08 MPa and a temperature of 50 to 60 ℃ until the relative density is 1.03 to 1.06kg/cm 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract;
and 2, step: purification of
Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the extract prepared in the step 1, uniformly stirring, standing for 24-36h, centrifuging at 8000-12000rpm, collecting precipitate, adding purified water, stirring for dissolving, standing for 12-16h, centrifuging at 8000-12000rpm, and collecting centrifugate as purified liquid for later use; the mass ratio of the extract to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1;
and step 3: preparing an adjuvant solution
Adding mannitol into purified water, stirring at the rotating speed of 20-30rpm for 20-30min, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 10-15min, wherein the mass ratio of mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, methionine and purified water is (3-5);
and 4, step 4: homogenizing and degassing
Adding Tween 80 into the purified liquid prepared in the step 2, stirring and dissolving, filtering, and collecting filtrate; adding the auxiliary material solution prepared in the step 3 into the filtrate to form a mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the filtrate to the auxiliary material solution is 1-3, and homogenizing the mixed solution at 1800-2000rpm for 30-60min to obtain a homogenized solution; degassing, namely placing the homogeneous solution at-0.05-0.08 MPa for degassing for 10-15min; injecting the degassed solution into a mold;
and 5: freeze drying
Cooling to-40-45 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping for 3-5h, performing vacuum pumping to-0.08-0.11 MPa after qualitative determination, heating to-15-20 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 4-6h, then heating to 8-10 ℃ within 30-60min, keeping the temperature for 3-5h, and then heating to 25-30 ℃ within 20-30min, keeping for 2-3h, thus obtaining the freeze-dried tablet.
The disintegration rate of tablets after administration is an important indicator for evaluating the quality thereof. However, in the traditional Chinese medicine preparation food, because the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine are various, the disintegration is difficult, the disintegration rate is still slow, small granules are easy to form after the disintegration, and the complete dissolution is difficult.
In addition, the active ingredient charantin extracted from the bitter gourd seeds used in the invention has poor stability and is easy to decompose and lose.
According to the invention, the sodium bicarbonate and the methionine are added into the auxiliary material solution to achieve a synergistic effect, so that the charantin can be stabilized, and the charantin is prevented from being degraded in the shelf life. In addition, mannitol in the auxiliary material solution is used as an excipient, as most of the extracted and purified active ingredients are water-soluble components, the water-soluble active ingredients can penetrate through mannitol molecules to be solidified, a structure with small particle size and large specific surface area is formed, methionine and sodium bicarbonate are cooperated to generate a function of efficiently drawing water, water molecules preferentially and quickly penetrate into the interior from a penetrating interface formed by the active ingredients and the mannitol with good water solubility, the mannitol plays a role of a transient container, and as the mannitol is better in water solubility to be matched with Tween 80, the whole solidified product can be quickly disintegrated and quickly dissolved out in a very short time.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the health food prepared by the invention is suitable for diabetes patients, the extraction effective components are rich, the extraction conversion rate is high, the conversion rates of charantin and polygonatum polysaccharide respectively reach 74.9 percent and 85.7 percent, the prepared tablet has excellent stability, stable shape and color, smooth surface, stable and unabated content of active ingredients, stable storage for 24 months, excellent disintegration performance, and the disintegration can be completed within 12s in the fastest disintegration time limit of 0 day.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above-mentioned disclosure.
Example 1
A preparation method of a health food suitable for diabetics comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the extract
(1) Extraction: mixing and crushing 10 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 10 parts of poria cocos, 5 parts of pine pollen, 8 parts of radix puerariae, 10 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 12 parts of oyster and 22 parts of bitter melon seeds in parts by weight, and sieving the mixture through a 18-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, carrying out three-step extraction by using ethanol as a solvent, wherein the mixed powder is added into an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 35%, the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1;
(2) And (3) concentrating under reduced pressure: concentrating the above extractive stock solution under reduced pressure at 55 deg.C under vacuum degree of-0.06 MPa to relative density of 1.03-1.06kg/cm 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract;
and 2, step: purification of
Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the extracted extract, stirring uniformly, standing for 30h, centrifuging at 10000rpm, collecting precipitate, adding purified water, stirring for dissolving, standing for 15h, centrifuging at 10000rpm, and collecting centrifugate as purified liquid for later use; the mass ratio of the extract to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1;
and step 3: preparing an adjuvant solution
Adding mannitol into purified water, stirring at a rotating speed of 25rpm for 25min, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 12min, wherein the mass ratio of the mannitol to the sodium bicarbonate to the methionine to the purified water is 4.5;
and 4, step 4: homogenizing and degassing
Adding tween 80 into the purified solution prepared in the step 2, stirring for dissolving, filtering, collecting a filtrate, wherein the mass ratio of the purified solution to the tween 80 is 200; homogenizing at 1900rpm for 50min to obtain homogeneous solution; degassing, namely placing the homogeneous solution under-0.06 MPa for degassing for 12min, and injecting the degassed solution into a mold;
and 5: freeze drying
Cooling to-42 deg.C at a rate of 6 deg.C/min, maintaining for 4 hr, vacuum-pumping to-0.10 MPa, heating to-18 deg.C at a rate of 9 deg.C/min, maintaining for 5 hr, heating to 9 deg.C within 40min, maintaining for 4 hr, heating to 28 deg.C within 25min, and maintaining for 2.5 hr to obtain lyophilized tablet.
And (3) comparison test:
comparative example 1: different from the embodiment 1, in the three-step extraction, the mixed powder is added into an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 35% in the first step of extraction, the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1. The remaining steps were as in example 1.
The transfer rates of charantin and polygonatum polysaccharides in the extraction stock solutions prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1 were determined, and the results are shown in the following table:
table 1: transfer rate of charantin and polygonatum polysaccharide in stock solution extracted by different extraction modes
As can be seen from the above table, the transfer rates of charantin and polygonatum polysaccharide are higher, respectively 74.9% and 85.7%, when the extraction is performed according to the procedure of example 1, the transfer rates of the active ingredients charantin and polygonatum polysaccharide are reduced to different degrees, respectively 65.3% and 76.8%, resulting in the reduction of the transfer rates of the active ingredients to different degrees, which indicates that the specific three-step extraction method adopted by the present invention ensures the effective transfer and retention of the active ingredients, and realizes the high-efficiency extraction in a low-temperature environment.
Comparative example 2:
different from the embodiment 1, the extraction stock solution prepared in the scheme does not carry out a purification step, and the extract is directly added into purified water to prepare a solution for standby, and other steps are kept as same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3:
the difference from the example 1 is that no sodium bicarbonate is added into the adjuvant solution, and mannitol is used for replacing the lacking part, and the rest steps and the formula are the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 4:
the difference from example 1 is that methionine is not added to the adjuvant solution, and the missing amount is replaced by mannitol, and the rest of the procedure and the formulation are the same as example 1.
The product obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 2, 3 and 4 was placed at about 25 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60 to 70% and tested for its property components at intervals of 6 months, and the test results are shown in table 2.
Table 2:
as can be seen from the above table, the product prepared in example 1 still maintains the properties substantially consistent with those of the original product in 24 months, the effective components such as polygonatum polysaccharide and charantin contained in the product are stable and do not change, and the disintegration performance also tends to be stable. Comparative example 2 because it does not carry on the purification step, guarantee the product ingredient is the water soluble ingredient, the active ingredient is difficult to form the structure penetrating mannitol under the influence of surfactant active, cause subsequent methionine and cooperative diversion of the baking soda can't be with good effect, the moisture can't enter inside fast, does not reach and promote the effects of disintegrating, the disintegration time is risen greatly, cause the disintegration to be relatively bad; in contrast, in comparative example 3, the content of charantin is reduced rapidly due to the lack of sodium bicarbonate, which indicates that the content stability of charantin is poor due to the lack of sodium bicarbonate; on the other hand, the disintegration time limit of comparative example 3 is also longer than that of example 1, and the main reason is that under the condition of lacking sodium bicarbonate, the product diversion performance is reduced, so the disintegration is also slowed; in contrast, the content of momordicoside in comparative example 4 decreased faster due to the lack of methionine, indicating that the lack of methionine results in poor stability of the content of momordicoside; on the other hand, the disintegration time limit of comparative example 4 is also longer than that of example 1, mainly because the product has reduced water-attracting performance in the absence of methionine, so that the disintegration is also slowed down, and it can be seen that sodium bicarbonate and methionine have synergistic water-attracting functions and effectively act on the water-soluble component of the present invention using mannitol as an excipient, to achieve a rapid disintegration effect.
Example 2
A preparation method of a health food suitable for diabetics comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the extract
(1) And (3) extraction: mixing and crushing 8 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8 parts of poria cocos, 3 parts of pine pollen, 6 parts of radix puerariae, 8 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 10 parts of oyster and 20 parts of bitter melon seeds according to parts by weight, sieving the mixture with a 18-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, and performing three-step extraction by using ethanol as a solvent, wherein in the first-step extraction, an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 30% is added into the mixed powder, the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1:20, extracting for 30min at the temperature of 30 ℃ under the pressure of-0.08 MPa, collecting extract liquor, and mixing the extract liquor collected in the three steps to obtain an extraction stock solution;
(2) And (3) concentrating under reduced pressure: concentrating the above extractive stock solution under reduced pressure at 50 deg.C and vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa to relative density of 1.03-1.06kg/cm 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract;
and 2, step: purification of
Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the extract prepared in the step 1, uniformly stirring, standing for 24h, centrifuging at 12000rpm, collecting precipitates, adding purified water, stirring for dissolving, standing for 12h, centrifuging at 12000rpm, and collecting a centrifugate as a purified solution for later use; the mass ratio of the extract to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1;
and step 3: preparing an adjuvant solution
Adding mannitol into purified water, stirring for 30min at a rotating speed of 20rpm, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 10min, wherein the mass ratio of the mannitol to the sodium bicarbonate to the methionine to the purified water is 3.5;
and 4, step 4: homogenizing and degassing
Adding tween 80 into the purified solution prepared in the step 2, stirring for dissolving, filtering, collecting a filtrate, wherein the mass ratio of the purified solution to the tween 80 is 150; homogenizing at 2000rpm for 30min to obtain homogeneous solution; degassing, namely placing the homogeneous solution under-0.05 MPa for degassing for 15min, and injecting the degassed solution into a mold;
and 5: freeze drying
Cooling to-40 deg.C at a rate of 5 deg.C/min, maintaining for 5 hr, vacuum-pumping to-0.08 MPa, heating to-15 deg.C at a rate of 8 deg.C/min, keeping the temperature for 6 hr, heating to 8 deg.C within 30min, keeping the temperature for 5 hr, heating to 25 deg.C within 20min, and maintaining for 2-3 hr to obtain lyophilized tablet.
The product prepared in example 2 was placed in an environment of about 25 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60 to 70%, and the product was subjected to property component detection at intervals of 3 to 6 months, and the detection results are shown in table 3.
Table 3:
the product prepared by the invention has short and stable disintegration time limit, and the effective components have stable performance and are not decomposed.
Example 3
A preparation method of a health food suitable for diabetics comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparation of the extract
(1) Extraction: mixing and crushing 15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 15 parts of poria cocos, 7 parts of pine pollen, 10 parts of radix puerariae, 15 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 15 parts of oyster and 25 parts of bitter melon seeds according to parts by weight, and sieving the mixture through a 18-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, carrying out three-step extraction by using ethanol as a solvent, wherein the first step of extraction is to add 40% by volume of ethanol solution into the mixed powder, the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the ethanol solution is 1;
(2) And (3) concentrating under reduced pressure: concentrating the above extractive stock solution under reduced pressure at vacuum degree of-0.05 MPa and temperature of 60 deg.C to relative density of 1.03-1.06kg/cm 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract;
and 2, step: purification of
Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the extract prepared in the step 1, uniformly stirring, standing for 36h, centrifuging at 8000rpm, collecting precipitate, adding purified water, stirring for dissolving, standing for 16h, centrifuging at 8000rpm, and collecting centrifugate as purified liquid for later use; the mass ratio of the extract to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1;
and step 3: preparing an adjuvant solution
Adding mannitol into purified water, stirring at the rotating speed of 30rpm for 20min, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 15min, wherein the mass ratio of the mannitol to the sodium bicarbonate to the methionine to the purified water is 5;
and 4, step 4: homogenizing and degassing
Adding tween 80 into the purified solution prepared in the step 2, stirring for dissolving, filtering, collecting a filtrate, wherein the mass ratio of the purified solution to the tween 80 is 180; homogenizing at 1800rpm for 60min to obtain homogeneous solution; degassing by degassing at-0.08 MPa for 10min, and injecting the degassed solution into a mold;
and 5: freeze drying
Cooling to-45 deg.C at a rate of 10 deg.C/min, maintaining for 3 hr, vacuum-pumping to-0.11 MPa, heating to-20 deg.C at a rate of 10 deg.C/min, maintaining for 4 hr, heating to 10 deg.C within 60min, maintaining for 3 hr, heating to 30 deg.C within 30min, and maintaining for 2 hr to obtain lyophilized tablet.
The product prepared in example 3 was placed in an environment of about 25 ℃ and a relative humidity of 60 to 70%, and the test results of the test of the property components of the product were performed at intervals of 3 to 6 months, as shown in table 4.
Table 4:
therefore, the product prepared by the invention has short and stable disintegration time limit, and the effective components have stable performance and are not decomposed.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a health food suitable for diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking sealwort, poria cocos, pine pollen, kudzu vine root, polygonatum odoratum, oyster and bitter melon seeds as raw materials, taking ethanol as a solvent, carrying out low-temperature extraction and reduced-pressure concentration to obtain a water-soluble extract, adding absolute ethanol for purification to obtain a purified liquid, adding tween 80 to obtain a filtrate, mixing the filtrate with an auxiliary material solution prepared from mannitol, sodium bicarbonate and methionine to form a mixed solution, carrying out homogenization, degassing in sequence, injection molding and freeze drying.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the health food is further characterized by comprising the steps of: according to the weight parts, the sealwort is 8-15 parts, the poria cocos is 8-15 parts, the pine pollen is 3-7 parts, the kudzu vine root is 6-10 parts, the polygonatum odoratum is 8-15 parts, the oyster is 10-15 parts, and the balsam pear seeds are 20-25 parts.
3. The method for preparing a health food suitable for diabetic patients according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the auxiliary material solution is prepared by adding mannitol into purified water, stirring for 20-30min at the rotation speed of 20-30rpm, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 10-15min, wherein the mass ratio of mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, methionine and purified water is 3-5.
4. A method of preparing a health food suitable for diabetic patients according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the low-temperature extraction is specifically divided into three steps of extraction, wherein in the first step of extraction, raw materials are mixed and added into 30-40% by volume of ethanol solution, the mixture is heated to 30-35 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.05-0.08 MPa, extraction is carried out for 20-30min, extract liquor is collected, in the second step of extraction, 60-70% by volume of ethanol solution is added into the solid obtained after the first step of extraction, the vacuum degree is adjusted to-0.03-0.06 MPa, the temperature is adjusted to 40-45 ℃ for extraction for 20-30min, the extract liquor is collected, in the third step of extraction, 20-30% by volume of ethanol solution is added into the solid obtained after the second step of extraction, the extract liquor is extracted at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.07-0.08 MPa, the extract liquor is collected, and the mixed extraction raw liquor obtained by the three steps of extraction is collected.
5. The method for preparing a health food suitable for diabetic patients according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and the purification is to add absolute ethyl alcohol into the extracted extract, stir the mixture evenly, stand the mixture for 24 to 36 hours, then centrifuge the mixture at 8000 to 12000rpm, collect the precipitate, add purified water, stir the mixture for dissolution, stand the mixture for 12 to 16 hours, then centrifuge the mixture at 8000 to 12000rpm, collect the centrifugate as the purified liquid for later use.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of preparing the health food is further characterized by comprising: the reduced pressure concentration is that the extraction stock solution is reduced pressure and concentrated to the relative density of 1.03-1.06kg/cm under the vacuum degree of-0.05 to-0.08 MPa and the temperature of 50-60 DEG C 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of preparing the health food is further characterized by comprising: the freeze drying is carried out by cooling to-40 to-45 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping for 3-5h, performing qualitative vacuum pumping to-0.08 to-0.11 MPa, heating to-15 to-20 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, keeping for 4-6h, then heating to 8-10 ℃ within 30-60min, keeping for 3-5h, heating to 25-30min within 20-30min, keeping for 2-3h, and obtaining the freeze-dried tablet.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of preparing the health food is further characterized by comprising: homogenizing at 1800-2000rpm for 30-60min to obtain homogeneous solution; degassing under-0.05 to-0.08 MPa for 10-15min.
9. A preparation method of a health food suitable for diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparation of extract
(1) And (3) extraction: mixing 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of poria cocos, 3-7 parts of pine pollen, 6-10 parts of radix puerariae, 8-15 parts of radix polygonati officinalis, 10-15 parts of oyster and 20-25 parts of bitter gourd seeds in parts by weight, crushing and sieving to obtain mixed powder, performing three-step extraction by using ethanol as a solvent, wherein the first step of extraction comprises the steps of adding the mixed powder into an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 30-40%, heating to 30-35 ℃ under the vacuum degree of-0.05-0.08 MPa, collecting extract liquor, the second step of extraction comprises the steps of adding an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 60-70% into the solid obtained after the first step of extraction, adjusting the vacuum degree to-0.03-0.06 MPa, extracting at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ for 20-30min, collecting the extract liquor, the third step of extraction comprises the steps of adding an ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 20-30% into the solid obtained after the second step of extraction, extracting under the vacuum degree of-0.07-0.08 MPa, extracting at the temperature of 30-40 ℃, collecting the extract liquor, collecting the mixed extract liquor, and collecting the original extraction liquor;
(2) And (3) concentrating under reduced pressure: concentrating the extraction stock solution under reduced pressure at 50-60 deg.C under vacuum degree of-0.05 to-0.08 MPa to relative density of 1.03-1.06kg/cm 3 (60 ℃) to obtain extract;
step 2: purification of
Adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the extract prepared in the step 1, stirring uniformly, standing for 24-36h, centrifuging at 8000-12000rpm, collecting precipitate, adding purified water, stirring for dissolving, standing for 12-16h, centrifuging at 8000-12000rpm, and collecting centrifugate as purified liquid for later use;
and 3, step 3: preparing an adjuvant solution
Adding mannitol into purified water, stirring at the rotating speed of 20-30rpm for 20-30min, then adding sodium bicarbonate and methionine, and continuing stirring for 10-15min, wherein the mass ratio of mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, methionine and purified water is (3-5);
and 4, step 4: homogenizing and degassing
Homogenizing at 1800-2000rpm for 30-60min to obtain homogeneous solution; degassing, namely placing the homogeneous solution under-0.05 to-0.08 MPa, degassing for 10 to 15min, and injecting the degassed solution into a mold;
and 5: freeze drying
Cooling to-40 to-45 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, keeping for 3-5h, performing qualitative vacuum pumping to-0.08 to-0.11 MPa, heating to-15 to-20 ℃ at the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, keeping for 4-6h, then heating to 8-10 ℃ within 30-60min, keeping for 3-5h, and then heating to 25-30 ℃ within 20-30min, keeping for 2-3h, thus obtaining the freeze-dried tablet.
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