CN115969034B - Oral freeze-dried powder for diabetics and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Oral freeze-dried powder for diabetics and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Abstract
A method for preparing oral lyophilized powder for diabetic patients comprises extracting rhizoma Polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix Trichosanthis, radix Puerariae, rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, stigma Maydis, cortex moutan, corni fructus, and semen Momordicae Charantiae, purifying to obtain purified solution, mixing with Tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain mixed solution, homogenizing, degassing, and lyophilizing. The invention is suitable for health care food of diabetics, the prepared freeze-dried powder has excellent stability, the appearance of the product is stable and does not change color after 18 months of simulated storage, the pH is stable, compared with 0 month, the product has basically no change, the content of medicinal components is stable and does not decrease, the shelf life is at least 18 months, meanwhile, the product has excellent quick dissolution performance, the dissolution time is 8 seconds at most, the effect of instantly dissolving after entering the mouth can be achieved, the product is convenient to carry and take, the product can be used by different diabetics, and the product is worthy of market popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
In particular to oral freeze-dried powder for diabetics and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is caused by defective insulin secretion or impaired biological action, or both. The long-standing hyperglycemia of diabetes causes chronic damage to various tissues, especially eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, nerves, and dysfunction.
After diabetes mellitus, the life of people is greatly influenced, so that not only is the healthy life style influenced, but also the normal diet aspect is greatly influenced. In order to achieve a healthy life, many people are actively treated for diabetes, a large percentage of whom are selected to be treated with traditional Chinese medicines, and then which can treat diabetes? Modern pharmacological studies prove that a plurality of single traditional Chinese medicines have the function of reducing blood sugar. However, the traditional Chinese medicine is used for treating diabetes, and is the same as other diseases, and is characterized in that the individual difference of patients and the use of the compound are emphasized. The traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of reducing blood sugar, improving symptoms by adopting comprehensive measures, preventing and treating complications and improving life quality and prolonging life by adopting a dialectical treatment method.
The dialectical treatment of diabetes in traditional Chinese medicine has very remarkable curative effect on diabetes from ancient times. Diabetes mellitus is also called diabetes mellitus in traditional Chinese medicine, and can be divided into upper-level diabetes mellitus, middle-level diabetes mellitus, lower-level diabetes mellitus and other different types according to different pathological mechanisms, and is different from the type of diabetes mellitus in Western medicine. The upper consumption is the consumption of lung heat and fluid, the middle consumption and the exuberance of stomach heat, and the lower consumption causes deficiency of kidney yin and deficiency of yin and yang. The patients have symptoms of emaciation, polydipsia, diuresis, polyphagia, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, frequent urination and the like caused by upper, middle and lower jiao.
The traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes not only helps to reduce blood sugar and reduce drug dependence; intervention is carried out on the pre-diabetes; treating mild to moderate type 2 diabetes; treating a patient with good glycemic control but less pronounced relief; preventing and treating early chronic complications.
The expert of traditional Chinese medicine indicates that the traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of good curative effect, convenience, practicability, no toxic or side effect, moderate price, meeting the requirements of vast crowds, and even in many cases, the traditional Chinese medicine can play a good role under the condition that Western medicine is developed in a first stage, and more importantly, the vast crowds have fear of psychological effects on hypoglycemic agents taken for a long time and insulin treatment, and are willing to accept the treatment of the traditional Chinese medicine.
The traditional Chinese medicine has a plurality of advantages: (1) the traditional Chinese medicine is mainly an animal and plant organism, has ingredients close to human foods, has less toxic and side effects than chemically synthesized western medicines, is safer to use, generally does not seriously damage viscera, and has no contraindication (not absolute) on treatment of serious complications such as liver and kidney. (2) The method and the prescription for treating diabetes by the traditional Chinese medicine are quite rich, and provide more choices for the development of new medicines and the treatment of diabetes. (3) The Chinese medicine has effects of strengthening body constitution, improving disease resistance, strengthening body resistance, eliminating pathogenic factors, and strengthening long-term curative effect. (4) Many Chinese herbal medicines contain abundant microelements zinc, chromium and the like, and also contain abundant plant fibers, thus having definite effect on controlling blood sugar. At present, food with traditional Chinese herbal plants as raw materials for assisting in reducing blood sugar is marketed, but conventional tablets, capsules, soft capsules and the like are convenient to take, but for a small number of old people, dysphagia conditions exist, normal use cannot be realized, and an oral solid preparation can be absorbed by a human body only through the processes of disintegration and dissolution in gastrointestinal tracts, so that the oral solid preparation has relatively slow onset of action, and the traditional decoction or finished oral liquid is inconvenient to carry, so that a product which is convenient to swallow, use and carry is needed in the market so as to meet different diabetics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetics, characterized in that: the beverage is prepared from rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, radix trichosanthis, radix puerariae, rhizoma polygonati, corn silk, cortex moutan, dogwood and balsam pear seeds serving as raw materials through extraction and purification to obtain a purified liquid, mixing the purified liquid with Tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain a mixed liquid, homogenizing, degassing, freeze-drying and the like.
A preparation method of oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is characterized in that: is prepared from rhizoma Polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, radix Trichosanthis, radix Puerariae, rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, stigma Maydis, cortex moutan, corni fructus, and semen Momordicae Charantiae by extracting, purifying to obtain purified solution, mixing with Tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain mixed solution, homogenizing, degassing, and lyophilizing.
Further, 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 6-9 parts of radix trichosanthis, 8-12 parts of radix puerariae, 10-15 parts of radix polygonati officinalis, 15-20 parts of corn silk, 10-15 parts of cortex moutan, 10-15 parts of dogwood and 18-22 parts of bitter melon seeds.
Further, the extraction is to mix rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, radix trichosanthis, radix puerariae, rhizoma polygonati officinalis, corn silk, cortex moutan, dogwood and balsam pear seeds, crush and pass through a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, then place the medicinal material mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, add sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% -3%, set the pressure of a separation column at 18-22 MPa, the temperature at 40-45 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle at 12-14 MPa, the temperature at 38-42 ℃, the extraction pressure at 28-33 MPa and the extraction temperature at 60-65 ℃ for 2-3 hours, and obtain an extract; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10:0.8-1.2.
Further, the purified liquid is prepared by taking the prepared extract liquid, adding purified water to dilute the extract liquid for 20-30 times, stirring the extract liquid for 3-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 15-25 r/min, standing the extract liquid for 18-24 hours, centrifuging the extract liquid at the centrifugal machine of 8000-10000 rpm, collecting the centrifugal supernatant liquid, and then placing the centrifugal supernatant liquid into a ceramic membrane with the molecular retention of 12000-15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 0.8-1.0 MPa, the temperature is 30-35 ℃, the ultrafiltration is finished, and the ultrafiltrate is collected, so that the purified liquid is obtained.
Further, the mixed solution is prepared by taking the prepared purified solution, adding tween 60, stirring for 2-3 minutes under the condition of 20-30 rpm, then sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 30-50 minutes under the condition of 20-30 rpm to obtain the mixed solution; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200:0.5-0.8:60-80:5-8:20-25:6-10.
Further, the homogenizing is to homogenize the mixed solution at 1800-2000rpm for 20-30 min to obtain homogeneous solution; the degassing is to subject the homogenized solution to degassing for 20-30 min under the pressure of minus 0.05 to minus 0.08MPa, thus obtaining the homogenized and degassed solution.
Further, the freeze drying is to inject the prepared homogenized and degassed solution into a penicillin bottle according to each 10ml/L, cool to-38 to-42 ℃ at a speed of 3-5 ℃/min, keep for 6-8h, vacuumize to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, heat to-20 to-25 ℃ at 5-8 ℃/min, keep for 8-10h, heat to 10-15 ℃ within 1-2h, keep for 6-8h, heat to 25-30 ℃ within 1-3h, and finally press cover to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
In order to solve the problem of mouthfeel, the strawberry fruit juice powder with corrected taste is introduced, so that the mouthfeel of the product is fragrant and sweet, the extracted traditional Chinese medicine components and the strawberry fruit juice powder are easy to oxidize and discolor in the storage process, the properties are unstable, methionine is used as an antioxidant, and the properties of the oral freeze-dried powder can be ensured not to be changed in the preparation and placement processes; in addition, the momordica glycosides extracted from the momordica seed have poor stability, are easy to degrade, and a complex system formed by various active ingredients leads to the reduction of the dissolution rate of powder, and when the powder is directly taken in, the powder can be stuck on the inner surface of an oral cavity, and longer dissolution time is required if the powder is mixed with warm water. According to the invention, the sodium carbonate solution and the carbon dioxide are selected for supercritical extraction in the extraction process, so that on one hand, the high transfer rate of the product is ensured, meanwhile, the loss of the balsam pear glycoside in the extraction process is also ensured to be small, the sodium carbonate has the performance of buffering and regulating the pH value, and the stable and undegraded content of the balsam pear glycoside in the placement process is ensured.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics, which is prepared by the invention, is suitable for health-care food of diabetics, has rich extracted effective components and high extraction conversion rate, the prepared freeze-dried powder has excellent stability, is stable in appearance, does not change color and has stable pH, compared with 0 month, basically has no change, the content of medicinal components is stable and does not decrease, the shelf life is at least 18 months, meanwhile, the oral freeze-dried powder food has excellent quick dissolution performance, the dissolution time is 8 seconds at the most, the effect of dissolving at the entrance can be achieved, the oral freeze-dried powder food has fresh and sweet taste, is convenient to carry and take, can be used by different diabetics, and is worthy of market popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, which are necessary to be pointed out herein for further illustration of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
A preparation method of oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics comprises the following steps:
1. extracting: 12 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 12 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 13 parts of Chinese yam, 8 parts of radix trichosanthis, 10 parts of radix puerariae, 12 parts of rhizoma polygonati officinalis, 18 parts of corn silk, 12 parts of cortex moutan, 12 parts of dogwood and 20 parts of balsam pear seeds by weight, mixing the above medicinal materials, placing the mixture into a universal pulverizer, pulverizing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, placing the mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2.6%, setting the pressure of a separation column at 20MPa, the temperature at 42 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle at 13MPa, the temperature at 40 ℃, the extraction pressure at 30MPa and the extraction temperature at 63 ℃ for 2.5 hours, and obtaining an extract; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10:1.0.
2. Purifying: diluting the prepared extract with purified water by 25 times, stirring for 4 minutes at the rotating speed of 20 revolutions per minute, standing for 22 hours, centrifuging at the centrifugal machine 9000rpm, collecting the centrifugal supernatant, placing the centrifugal supernatant into a ceramic membrane with the molecular retention amount of 12000-15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 0.9MPa, the temperature is 32 ℃, the ultrafiltration is finished, and the ultrafiltrate is collected, so that the purified liquid is obtained.
3. Preparation of the mixed solution: adding tween 60 into the prepared purified solution, stirring for 3 min at a rotation speed of 25 rpm, sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 40 min at a rotation speed of 25 rpm to obtain a mixed solution; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200:0.7:70:7:22:8.
4. Homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution at 1900rpm for 25min to obtain a homogenized solution.
5. Degassing: and (3) putting the homogenized solution into a pressure of minus 0.05 to minus 0.08MPa for degassing for 25min to obtain a homogenized and degassed solution.
6. And (3) freeze drying: injecting the prepared homogenized and degassed solution into penicillin bottles according to the ratio of 10ml/L, cooling to-40 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, keeping for 7 hours, vacuumizing to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, heating to-22 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, preserving heat for 9 hours, heating to 13 ℃ within 2 hours, preserving heat for 7 hours, heating to 28 ℃ within 2 hours, keeping for 1 hour, and finally capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
Example 2
A preparation method of oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics comprises the following steps:
1. extracting: 8 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10 parts of Chinese yam, 6 parts of radix trichosanthis, 8 parts of radix puerariae, 10 parts of rhizoma polygonati officinalis, 15 parts of corn silk, 10 parts of cortex moutan, 10 parts of dogwood and 18 parts of balsam pear seeds by weight, mixing the above medicinal materials, placing the mixture into a universal pulverizer, pulverizing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, placing the mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2%, setting the pressure of a separation column at 18MPa, the temperature at 40 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle at 12MPa, the temperature at 38 ℃, the extraction pressure at 28MPa and the extraction temperature at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and obtaining an extract; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10:0.8.
2. Purifying: diluting the obtained extract with purified water for 20 times, stirring for 3 minutes at a rotation speed of 15 revolutions per minute, standing for 18 hours, centrifuging at 8000rpm of a centrifuge, collecting the supernatant, placing the supernatant in a ceramic membrane with a molecular retention of 12000-15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 0.8MPa, the temperature is 30 ℃, the ultrafiltration is finished, and the ultrafiltrate is collected to obtain the purified liquid.
3. Preparation of the mixed solution: adding tween 60 into the prepared purified solution, stirring for 2 minutes at the rotating speed of 20 r/min, sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 20 r/min to obtain a mixed solution; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200:0.5:60:5:20:6.
4. Homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution at 1800rpm for 20min to obtain a homogenized solution.
5. Degassing: and (3) putting the homogenized solution into a pressure of minus 0.05 to minus 0.08MPa for degassing for 20min to obtain a homogenized and degassed solution.
6. And (3) freeze drying: injecting the prepared homogenized and degassed solution into penicillin bottles according to the ratio of 10ml/L, cooling to-38 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, keeping for 6 hours, vacuumizing to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, heating to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 8 hours, heating to 10 ℃ within 1 hour, preserving heat for 6 hours, heating to 25 ℃ within 1 hour, keeping for 1 hour, and finally capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
Example 3
A preparation method of oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics comprises the following steps:
1. extracting: 15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 15 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 15 parts of Chinese yam, 9 parts of radix trichosanthis, 12 parts of radix puerariae, 15 parts of rhizoma polygonati officinalis, 20 parts of corn silk, 15 parts of cortex moutan, 15 parts of dogwood and 22 parts of balsam pear seeds by weight, mixing the above medicinal materials, placing the mixture into a universal pulverizer, pulverizing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, placing the mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3%, setting the pressure of a separation column at 22MPa, the temperature at 45 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle at 14MPa, the temperature at 42 ℃, the extraction pressure at 33MPa and the extraction temperature at 65 ℃ for 3 hours, and obtaining an extract; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10:1.2.
2. Purifying: diluting the prepared extract with purified water by 30 times, stirring for 5 minutes at the rotation speed of 25 revolutions per minute, standing for 24 hours, centrifuging at 10000rpm of a centrifugal machine, collecting the supernatant, placing the supernatant in a ceramic membrane with the molecular retention of 12000-15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 1.0MPa, the temperature is 35 ℃, the ultrafiltration is finished, and the ultrafiltrate is collected to obtain the purified liquid.
3. Preparation of the mixed solution: adding tween 60 into the prepared purified solution, stirring for 3 min at a rotation speed of 30 rpm, sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 50 min at a rotation speed of 30 rpm to obtain a mixed solution; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200:0.8:80:8:25:10.
4. Homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution at 2000rpm for 30min to obtain homogeneous solution.
5. Degassing: and (3) degassing the homogenized solution for 30min under the pressure of-0.05 to-0.08 MPa to obtain a homogenized and degassed solution.
6. And (3) freeze drying: injecting the prepared homogenized and degassed solution into penicillin bottles according to the ratio of 10ml/L, cooling to-42 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping for 8 hours, vacuumizing to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, heating to-25 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10 hours, heating to 15 ℃ within 2 hours, preserving heat for 8 hours, heating to 30 ℃ within 3 hours, keeping for 2 hours, and finally capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
Comparison test:
comparative example 1: unlike example 1, the extract prepared in this scheme was directly diluted with 25 times of purified water without performing the purification step, and the extract was prepared by the steps of preparing, homogenizing, degassing, and freeze-drying the mixture in example 1, with the parameters consistent with those of example 1.
Comparative example 2: the difference from example 1 is that sodium carbonate is not added in the extraction process and the preparation of the mixed solution, the missing part is replaced by sorbitol, and other steps, formulas and process parameters of each step are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 3: the difference from example 1 is that methionine is not added to the adjuvant solution, the missing amount is replaced by sorbitol, and the rest of the procedure and formulation are the same as in example 1.
The stability test was conducted by placing the sample in the environment where the relative humidity was 65.+ -. 5% at 25.+ -. 2 ℃ in example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the test results are shown in the following table.
As is clear from the above table, the products prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 still keep the properties substantially consistent with those of the original products in 18 months, and the effective components such as rhizoma polygonati polysaccharide and momordica glycoside contained in the products are stable and unchanged, and the products have stable dissolution performance and pH. In the comparative example 1, the purification step is not carried out, so that the product components are water-soluble components, the effective components are difficult to form a structure penetrating through sorbitol under the action of the surfactant, the subsequent synergistic water diversion of methionine and sodium carbonate cannot well play a role, water cannot enter the interior rapidly, the effect of promoting dissolution is not achieved, the dissolution time is greatly increased, the product components are complex under the condition that the purification is not carried out, the impurities are more, the product is placed for 18 months, and the product properties are obviously changed; in comparative example 2, the sodium carbonate is absent, the pH of the product tends to decrease, and the content of the momordica glycosides decreases rapidly because the momordica glycosides are unstable under acidic conditions, which indicates that the lack of sodium carbonate leads to poor stability of the content of the momordica glycosides, so that the change of the pH is probably the main cause of decreasing the content of the momordica glycosides; on the other hand, the dissolution time of comparative example 2 is also longer than that of example 1, and the main reason is that the water diversion performance of the product is reduced in the absence of sodium carbonate, so that the dissolution is also slowed down, and the dissolution of the active ingredients is not promoted well because the water diversion performance is reduced by solely relying on methionine and sorbitol; whereas comparative example 3 showed a rapid decrease in the content of momordica glycosides due to the lack of methionine, indicating that the lack of methionine resulted in poor stability of the content of momordica glycosides; on the other hand, the dissolution time of comparative example 3 is also longer than that of example 1, mainly because the water diversion performance of the product is reduced in the absence of methionine, so that the dissolution time is also longer, and it is seen that sodium carbonate and methionine have synergistic water diversion function to effectively act on the water-soluble component of the present invention using sorbitol as an excipient, thereby realizing rapid dissolution, and methionine and sodium carbonate can also ensure stable and non-reduction of the content of momordicoside.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of oral freeze-dried powder for diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 6-9 parts of radix trichosanthis, 8-12 parts of radix puerariae, 10-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 15-20 parts of corn silk, 10-15 parts of cortex moutan, 10-15 parts of dogwood and 18-22 parts of balsam pear seeds as raw materials, extracting, namely, mixing rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, radix trichosanthis, radix puerariae and balsam pear seeds, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder of medicinal materials, placing the mixed powder of medicinal materials into a carbon dioxide supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% -3%, setting the pressure of a separation column to 18-22 MPa, the temperature of 40-45 ℃, the separation pressure of the separation column to be 28-3 MPa, and the extraction temperature of the extraction liquid to be 33-60-28 MPa; the mass ratio of the mixed powder of the medicinal materials to the sodium carbonate solution is 10:0.8-1.2, the purification is to take the prepared extract, the extract is diluted by 20-30 times, the mixture is stirred for 3-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 15-25 r/min, the mixture is stood for 18-24 hours, and then centrifuged at 8000-10000 rpm of a centrifuge, the supernatant is collected, the supernatant is subjected to ultrafiltration treatment in a ceramic membrane with the molecular cut-off of 12000-15000, the ultrafiltration pressure is 0.8-1.0 MPa, the temperature is 30-35 ℃, the ultrafiltration is finished, the ultrafiltrate is collected, the purified solution is obtained, the mixture is obtained, the prepared purified solution is firstly added with 60, and stirred for 2-3 minutes under the rotating speed of 20-30 r/min, then sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder are sequentially added, and stirring is continued for 30-50 minutes under the rotating speed of 20-30 r/min, so that the mixed solution is obtained; the mass ratio of the purified solution to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200:0.5-0.8:60-80:5-8:20-25:6-10, and the homogenization is to homogenize the mixed solution at 1800-2000rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a homogeneous solution; and the degassing is to subject the homogenized solution to degassing under the pressure of-0.05 to-0.08 MPa for 20-30 min to obtain the homogenized and degassed solution.
2. The method for preparing the oral freeze-dried powder for diabetics to take according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the freeze drying is that the prepared solution after homogenizing and degassing is injected into a penicillin bottle according to each 10ml/L, the temperature is reduced to-38 to-42 ℃ at the speed of 3-5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 6-8 hours, the vacuum pumping is carried out to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, the temperature is increased to-20 to-25 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 8-10 hours, the temperature is increased to 10-15 ℃ within 1-2 hours, the temperature is kept for 6-8 hours, the temperature is increased to 25-30 ℃ within 1-3 hours, the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours, and finally the oral freeze-dried powder is obtained after capping.
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