CN115969034A - Oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetic patients and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetic patients and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Abstract
A lyophilized oral powder for diabetic patients is prepared from rhizoma Polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, rhizoma Dioscoreae, trichosanthis radix, radix Puerariae, rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, stigma Maydis, cortex moutan, corni fructus, and semen Momordicae Charantiae by extracting, purifying to obtain purified solution, mixing with Tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain mixed solution, homogenizing, degassing, and freeze drying. The freeze-dried powder prepared by the invention is suitable for health-care food for diabetics, has excellent stability, is stored for 18 months in a simulated manner, has stable appearance and character, no color change, stable pH, basically no change compared with 0 month, stable and no reduction of content of active ingredients, has at least 18 months of shelf life, has excellent quick dissolving performance, has the maximum dissolving time of 8 seconds, can achieve the effect of melting in the mouth, is convenient to carry and take, meets the use requirements of different diabetics, and is worthy of market popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of health-care food, in particular to oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia is caused by a defect in insulin secretion or an impaired biological action, or both. Hyperglycemia, which is a long-standing cause of chronic damage to, and dysfunction of, various tissues, particularly the eye, kidney, heart, blood vessels, and nerves.
After suffering from diabetes, people have a lot of influences on life, which not only affects healthy life style, but also greatly affects ordinary diet. To achieve a healthy life, many people actively treat diabetes, and most of them choose to treat diabetes with traditional Chinese medicines? Modern pharmacological research proves that many single traditional Chinese medicines have the function of reducing blood sugar. However, the traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes is the same as other diseases, and is characterized by paying attention to individual difference and compound use of patients. The traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes has the advantages of reducing blood sugar, more importantly, improving symptoms by adopting comprehensive measures through a method of treatment based on syndrome differentiation, preventing and treating complications, and playing roles in improving life quality and prolonging life.
The treatment by traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation of diabetes is very obvious in treatment effect on diabetes from ancient times to present. Diabetes mellitus is also called diabetes mellitus in traditional Chinese medicine, and can be divided into different types of diabetes mellitus, namely upper-jiao diabetes mellitus, middle-jiao diabetes mellitus, lower-jiao diabetes and the like according to different pathological mechanisms, and the type of the diabetes mellitus is different from that of diabetes mellitus in western medicine. The upper-jiao syndrome is caused by lung heat and body fluid deficiency, and stomach heat in the middle-jiao syndrome is exuberant, and the lower-jiao syndrome can cause kidney yin deficiency and yin-yang deficiency. The symptoms of emaciation, polydipsia, diuresis, polyphagia, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, frequent micturition and the like of a patient are caused by the upper and lower digestive tracts.
The traditional Chinese medicine for treating diabetes not only helps to reduce blood sugar, but also reduces drug dependence; intervening in the early stage of diabetes; treating mild to moderate type 2 diabetes; treating patients with good glycemic control but with insignificant symptomatic relief; preventing and treating early stage chronic complications.
The experts of traditional Chinese medicine indicate that the traditional Chinese medicine has obvious advantages in the aspect of treating diabetes and complications thereof, has good curative effect clinically, is convenient and easy to implement, has no toxic or side effect, has moderate price, meets the requirements of the masses of people, even can play a good role in the traditional Chinese medicine of western medicine under the condition of one break, and is more important for the masses of people to fear the psychology of long-term administration of the hypoglycemic agent and insulin treatment, so that the traditional Chinese medicine is hopefully accepted.
The traditional Chinese medicine has many advantages: (1) the traditional Chinese medicine is mainly animal and plant organisms, the components of the traditional Chinese medicine are close to the food of human beings, the traditional Chinese medicine has less toxic and side effects compared with chemically synthesized western medicines, the traditional Chinese medicine is safer to use, generally does not seriously damage internal organs, and basically has no contraindication (not absolute) to the treatment of serious complications such as liver and kidney. (2) The method and the prescription for treating the diabetes by the traditional Chinese medicine are rich, and more choices are provided for the development of new medicines and the treatment of the diabetes. (3) The traditional Chinese medicine can strengthen physique, improve the disease resistance of human bodies, strengthen body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors and consolidate long-term curative effect. (4) Many Chinese herbal medicines contain abundant microelements such as zinc and chromium, and also contain abundant plant fibers, and have definite effect on controlling blood sugar. At present, foods which take traditional Chinese herbal plants as raw materials to assist in reducing blood sugar are sold on the market, but conventional tablets, capsules, soft capsules and the like are convenient to take, but have the situation of difficulty in swallowing for a small part of old people and cannot be normally used, and oral solid preparations need to be disintegrated and dissolved in the gastrointestinal tract to be absorbed by the body, the onset of action is relatively slow, and traditional decoction or finished oral liquid is inconvenient to carry, so that a product which is convenient to swallow and use and is convenient to carry is urgently needed in the market to meet different diabetes patients.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the oral freeze-dried powder food for the diabetics.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking sealwort, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, trichosanthes root, kudzuvine root, fragrant solomonseal rhizome, corn stigma, tree peony bark, dogwood and bitter gourd seed as raw materials, extracting and purifying to obtain purified liquid, mixing the purified liquid with tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain mixed liquid, homogenizing, degassing, freeze-drying and the like.
A preparation method of an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the beverage is prepared by taking rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, trichosanthes root, kudzu root, polygonatum, corn stigma, moutan bark, dogwood and bitter melon seed as raw materials, extracting and purifying to obtain purified liquid, mixing the purified liquid with tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain mixed liquid, and homogenizing, degassing, freeze-drying and the like.
Further, 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 6-9 parts of trichosanthes root, 8-12 parts of kudzu root, 10-15 parts of polygonatum, 15-20 parts of corn stigma, 10-15 parts of moutan bark, 10-15 parts of dogwood and 18-22 parts of bitter melon seed.
Further, the extraction comprises the steps of mixing rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, trichosanthes root, kudzu vine root, polygonatum, corn stigma, cortex moutan, dogwood and bitter melon seed, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, then placing the medicinal material mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2-3%, setting the pressure of a separation column at 18-22 MPa, the temperature at 40-45 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle at 12-14 MPa, the temperature at 38-42 ℃, the extraction pressure at 28-33 MPa and the extraction temperature at 60-65 ℃ for extraction for 2-3 hours to obtain an extract; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10.8-1.2.
Further, the purified liquid is obtained by adding purified water into the prepared extract liquid to dilute by 20-30 times, stirring for 3-5 minutes at the rotating speed of 15-25 r/min, standing for 18-24 hours, centrifuging at 8000-10000 rpm of a centrifugal machine, collecting the centrifugal supernatant, then placing the centrifugal supernatant into a ceramic membrane with the molecular cut-off of 12000-15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 0.8-1.0 MPa, the temperature is 30-35 ℃, and collecting ultrafiltrate after ultrafiltration is finished, thus obtaining the purified liquid.
Further, the mixed solution is prepared by taking the prepared purified solution, firstly adding tween 60, stirring for 2-3 minutes at the rotating speed of 20-30 revolutions per minute, then sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 30-50 minutes at the rotating speed of 20-30 revolutions per minute to obtain the mixed solution; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the Tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200.
Further, homogenizing the mixed solution at 1800-2000rpm for 20-30 min to obtain a homogeneous solution; and the degassing is to place the homogeneous solution under-0.05 to-0.08 MPa for 20 to 30min to obtain the homogeneous degassed solution.
Further, the freeze drying is to inject each prepared homogeneous degassed solution into a penicillin bottle according to the volume of 10ml/L, cool the solution to-38 to-42 ℃ at the speed of 3 to 5 ℃/min, keep the temperature for 6 to 8 hours, vacuumize the solution to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa after forming, heat the solution to-20 to-25 ℃ at the speed of 5 to 8 ℃/min, keep the temperature for 8 to 10 hours, heat the solution to 10 to 15 ℃ within 1 to 2 hours, keep the temperature for 6 to 8 hours, heat the solution to 25 to 30 ℃ within 1 to 3 hours, keep the temperature for 1 to 2 hours, and finally cover the bottles to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
In order to solve the problem of mouthfeel, the strawberry juice powder for correcting the taste is introduced, so that the product is fragrant and sweet in mouthfeel, the extracted traditional Chinese medicine components and the strawberry juice powder are easy to oxidize and discolor in the storage process, and the properties are unstable, and the methionine is used as an antioxidant, so that the properties of the oral freeze-dried powder can be ensured not to be changed in the preparation and placement processes; in addition, charantin extracted from the bitter gourd seeds is poor in stability and easy to degrade, and a complex system formed by multiple effective components causes the dissolution rate of powder to be reduced, so that the powder can be adhered to the surface in the oral cavity when the powder is directly taken, and a long dissolution time can be required if the powder is mixed with warm water. According to the invention, a sodium carbonate solution and carbon dioxide supercritical extraction are selected in the extraction process, on one hand, the high product transfer rate is ensured, and on the other hand, the low bitter gourd glycoside loss in the extraction process is ensured, the sodium carbonate has the performance of buffering and pH adjustment, and the stable bitter gourd glycoside content in the placement process is ensured without degradation.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the oral lyophilized powder food for the diabetes patients prepared by the invention is suitable for health food for the diabetes patients, the extracted effective components are rich, the extraction conversion rate is high, the prepared lyophilized powder is excellent in stability, the appearance and the character of the product are stable and do not change color, the pH value of the product is stable, compared with 0 month, the product is basically unchanged, the content of the medicinal components is stable and does not decrease, the shelf life is at least 18 months, meanwhile, the oral lyophilized powder food has excellent quick dissolving performance, the dissolving time is longest of 8 seconds, the effect of melting in the mouth can be achieved, the oral lyophilized powder food is fresh and sweet in taste, is convenient to carry and take, meets the use requirements of different diabetes patients, and is worthy of market popularization and application.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, it should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention based on the above-mentioned disclosure.
Example 1
A preparation method of an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is prepared by the following steps:
1. extraction: the method comprises the following steps of mixing 12 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 12 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 13 parts of Chinese yam, 8 parts of trichosanthes root, 10 parts of radix puerariae, 12 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 18 parts of corn stigma, 12 parts of cortex moutan, 12 parts of dogwood and 20 parts of bitter melon seeds in parts by weight, putting the mixture into a universal pulverizer, pulverizing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain mixed medicinal powder, putting the mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2.6%, setting the pressure of a separation column to be 20MPa, the temperature to be 42 ℃, setting the pressure of a separation kettle to be 13MPa, the temperature to be 40 ℃, extracting at the pressure of 30MPa and the extraction temperature to be 63 ℃ for 2.5 hours to obtain an extraction liquid; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10.
2. And (3) purification: adding purified water into the prepared extract liquor to dilute the extract liquor by 25 times, stirring the extract liquor for 4 minutes at the rotating speed of 20 revolutions per minute, standing the extract liquor for 22 hours, centrifuging the extract liquor by a centrifuge at 9000rpm, collecting centrifugal supernatant, placing the centrifugal supernatant into a ceramic membrane with the molecular cut-off of 12000-15000 to perform ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 0.9MPa, the temperature is 32 ℃, and collecting ultrafiltrate after the ultrafiltration is finished to obtain purified liquor.
3. Preparing a mixed solution: adding Tween 60 into the purified solution, stirring for 3 min at a rotation speed of 25 r/min, sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and stirring for 40 min at 25 r/min to obtain mixed solution; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200.7.
4. Homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution at 1900rpm for 25min to obtain a homogeneous solution.
5. Degassing: degassing the homogeneous solution at-0.05-0.08 MPa for 25min to obtain homogeneous degassed solution.
6. And (3) freeze drying: and injecting the prepared homogenized and degassed solution into penicillin bottles according to the volume of 10ml/L, cooling to-40 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, keeping for 7h, after molding, vacuumizing to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, heating to-22 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min, keeping for 9h, heating to 13 ℃ within 2h, keeping for 7h, heating to 28 ℃ within 2h, keeping for 1h, and capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
Example 2
A preparation method of an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is prepared by the following steps:
1. extraction: weighing 8 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10 parts of Chinese yam, 6 parts of trichosanthes root, 8 parts of radix puerariae, 10 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 15 parts of corn stigma, 10 parts of cortex moutan, 10 parts of dogwood and 18 parts of bitter melon seed according to parts by weight, mixing the medicinal materials, putting the mixture into a universal pulverizer, pulverizing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, putting the mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2%, setting the pressure of a separation column to be 18MPa, the temperature to be 40 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle to be 12MPa, the temperature to be 38 ℃, the extraction pressure to be 28MPa and the extraction temperature to be 60 ℃ for extraction for 2 hours to obtain an extraction liquid; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10.
2. And (3) purification: adding purified water into the prepared extract liquor to dilute the extract liquor by 20 times, stirring the extract liquor for 3 minutes at the rotating speed of 15 revolutions per minute, standing the extract liquor for 18 hours, centrifuging the extract liquor at 8000rpm of a centrifugal machine, collecting centrifugal supernatant, placing the centrifugal supernatant into a ceramic membrane with the molecular cut-off of 12000-15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 0.8MPa, the temperature is 30 ℃, and collecting ultrafiltrate after the ultrafiltration is finished to obtain purified liquor.
3. Preparing a mixed solution: taking the prepared purified liquid, firstly adding tween 60, stirring for 2 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 20 revolutions per minute, then sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes under the condition of 20 revolutions per minute to obtain a mixed liquid; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200.5.
4. Homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution at 1800rpm for 20min to obtain a homogeneous solution.
5. Degassing: degassing the homogeneous solution at-0.05 to-0.08 MPa for 20min to obtain the homogeneous degassed solution.
6. And (3) freeze drying: and (3) injecting the prepared homogeneous degassed solution into penicillin bottles according to the volume of 10ml/L, cooling to-38 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, keeping for 6h, after molding, vacuumizing to-0.08-0.10 MPa, heating to-20 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping for 8h, heating to 10 ℃ within 1h, keeping for 6h, heating to 25 ℃ within 1h, keeping for 1h, and finally capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
Example 3
A preparation method of an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is prepared by the following steps:
1. extraction: weighing 15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 15 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 15 parts of Chinese yam, 9 parts of trichosanthes root, 12 parts of radix puerariae, 15 parts of polygonatum odoratum, 20 parts of corn stigma, 15 parts of cortex moutan, 15 parts of dogwood and 22 parts of bitter melon seed in parts by weight, mixing the medicinal materials, putting the mixture into a universal pulverizer, pulverizing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, putting the mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3%, setting the pressure of a separation column to be 22MPa, the temperature to be 45 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle to be 14MPa, the temperature to be 42 ℃, the extraction pressure to be 33MPa and the extraction temperature to be 65 ℃ for extraction for 3 hours to obtain an extraction liquid; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10.
2. And (3) purification: adding purified water into the prepared extract liquor to dilute the extract liquor by 30 times, stirring the extract liquor for 5 minutes at the rotating speed of 25 revolutions per minute, standing the extract liquor for 24 hours, centrifuging the extract liquor at 10000rpm of a centrifugal machine, collecting centrifugal supernatant, placing the centrifugal supernatant into a ceramic membrane with the molecular cut-off of 12000-15000 to carry out ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, the ultrafiltration pressure in the ultrafiltration process is 1.0MPa, the temperature is 35 ℃, and collecting ultrafiltrate after the ultrafiltration is finished to obtain purified liquor.
3. Preparing a mixed solution: taking the prepared purified liquid, firstly adding tween 60, stirring for 3 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 30 revolutions per minute, then sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 50 minutes under the condition of 30 revolutions per minute to obtain a mixed liquid; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the Tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is 200.8.
4. Homogenizing: homogenizing the mixed solution at 2000rpm for 30min to obtain a homogeneous solution.
5. Degassing: and degassing the homogeneous solution at-0.05 to-0.08 MPa for 30min to obtain a homogeneous degassed solution.
6. And (3) freeze drying: and (3) injecting the prepared homogeneous degassed solution into penicillin bottles according to the volume of 10ml/L, cooling to-42 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, keeping for 8h, after molding, vacuumizing to-0.08-0.10 MPa, heating to-25 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, keeping for 10h, heating to 15 ℃ within 2h, keeping for 8h, heating to 30 ℃ within 3h, keeping for 2h, and finally capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
And (3) comparison test:
comparative example 1: unlike example 1, the extract solution prepared in this embodiment was diluted with 25 times of purified water without purification step, and was prepared by the steps of preparation of the mixed solution, homogenization, degassing, and freeze-drying in example 1, with the parameters consistent with those of example 1.
Comparative example 2: the difference from the example 1 is that sodium carbonate is not added in the extraction process and the preparation of the mixed solution, sorbitol is used for replacing the part lacking, and the other steps, the formula and the process parameters of each step are the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 3: the difference from example 1 is that methionine is not added to the adjuvant solution, and the missing amount is replaced by sorbitol, and the rest of the procedure and the formulation are the same as in example 1.
The stability of the samples of examples 1, 2 and 3 and comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 was examined by placing them at 25. + -. 2 ℃ and a relative humidity of 65. + -. 5%, and the results are shown in the following table.
As can be seen from the above table, the products prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 still have properties substantially consistent with those of the original products at 18 months, and the effective components such as polygonatum polysaccharides and charantin contained in the products are stable and unchanged, and have stable solubility and pH. In the comparative example 1, because the purification step is not carried out, the product components cannot be effectively ensured to be water-soluble components, and the effective components are difficult to form a structure penetrating through sorbitol under the action of the surfactant, the subsequent synergistic water diversion of methionine and sodium carbonate cannot well play a role, water cannot rapidly enter the interior, the effect of promoting dissolution is not achieved, the dissolution time is greatly increased, and under the condition of no purification, the product components are complex, the number of impurities is large, and the product properties are obviously changed after the product is placed for 18 months; in contrast, in comparative example 2, due to the lack of sodium carbonate, the product pH tended to decrease, and due to the fact that charantin was not very stable under acidic conditions, the content of charantin decreased rapidly, indicating that the lack of sodium carbonate resulted in poor stability of the content of charantin, and, therefore, it is likely that the change in pH was the main cause of the decrease in the content of charantin; on the other hand, the dissolution time of the comparative example 2 is longer than that of the example 1, and the main reason is that the water diversion performance of the product is reduced under the condition of lacking sodium carbonate, so the dissolution is also slowed, and the water diversion performance is reduced by depending on methionine and sorbitol alone, so that the dissolution of the effective components cannot be promoted well; in contrast, the content of momordicoside in comparative example 3 decreased faster due to the lack of methionine, indicating that the lack of methionine results in poor stability of the content of momordicoside; on the other hand, the dissolution time limit of comparative example 3 is also longer than that of example 1, mainly because the product diversion performance is reduced in the absence of methionine, so the dissolution time is also longer, and it can be seen that sodium carbonate and methionine have synergistic diversion function and effectively act on the water-soluble component of sorbitol as excipient in the invention, so as to achieve rapid dissolution, and methionine and sodium carbonate can also ensure that the content of momordicoside is not reduced stably.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an oral freeze-dried powder food for diabetics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of taking rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, trichosanthes root, kudzu root, polygonatum, corn stigma, moutan bark, dogwood and bitter melon seed as raw materials, extracting and purifying to obtain purified liquid, mixing the purified liquid with tween 60, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder to obtain mixed liquid, and then homogenizing, degassing, freeze-drying and the like.
2. The method for preparing an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetic patients according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 8-15 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 8-15 parts of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10-15 parts of Chinese yam, 6~9 parts of trichosanthes root, 8-12 parts of kudzu root, 10-15 parts of polygonatum, 15-20 parts of corn stigma, 10-15 parts of moutan bark, 10-15 parts of dogwood and 18-22 parts of bitter melon seed.
3. The method for preparing an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetic patients according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the extraction method comprises the steps of mixing rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma anemarrhenae, chinese yam, radix trichosanthis, radix puerariae, radix polygonati officinalis, corn stigma, cortex moutan, dogwood and bitter melon seeds, crushing, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain medicinal material mixed powder, then placing the medicinal material mixed powder into a supercritical extraction instrument, adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% -3%, setting the pressure of a separation column to be 18 to 22MPa, the temperature to be 40 to 45 ℃, the pressure of a separation kettle to be 12 to 14MPa, the temperature to be 38 to 42 ℃, the extraction pressure to be 28 to 33MPa, and the extraction temperature to be 60 to 65 ℃ for 2~3 hours to obtain extraction liquid; the mass ratio of the medicinal material mixed powder to the sodium carbonate solution is 10.8 to 1.2.
4. The method for preparing an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetic patients according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) taking the prepared extraction liquid, adding purified water into the extraction liquid to dilute the extraction liquid by 20 to 30 times, stirring the extraction liquid for 3~5 minutes at the rotating speed of 15 to 25 revolutions per minute, standing the extraction liquid for 18 to 24 hours, centrifuging the extraction liquid at 8000 to 10000rpm of a centrifuge, collecting a centrifugal supernatant, placing the centrifugal supernatant into a ceramic membrane with the molecular cut-off of 12000 to 15000 for ultrafiltration treatment, specifically, carrying out ultrafiltration at the ultrafiltration pressure of 0.8 to 1.0MPa and the temperature of 30 to 35 ℃ in the ultrafiltration process, and collecting ultrafiltrate to obtain the purified liquid.
5. The method for preparing an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetic patients according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: adding Tween 60 into the purified liquid, stirring for 2~3 minutes at the rotation speed of 20-30 r/min, then sequentially adding sorbitol, sodium carbonate, methionine and strawberry juice powder, and continuously stirring for 30-50 minutes at the rotation speed of 20-30 r/min to obtain a mixed liquid; the mass ratio of the purified liquid to the Tween 60 to the sorbitol to the sodium carbonate to the methionine to the strawberry juice powder is (200).
6. The method for preparing an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetic patients according to claim 5, wherein the oral lyophilized powder food comprises: homogenizing the mixed solution at 1800-2000rpm for 20-30min to obtain a homogenized solution; the degassing is to place the homogeneous solution under-0.05 to-0.08 MPa and degas for 20 to 30min to obtain the homogeneous degassed solution.
7. The method for preparing an oral lyophilized powder food for diabetic patients according to claim 6, wherein the oral lyophilized powder food comprises: and (3) injecting the prepared homogenized and degassed solution into a penicillin bottle according to the volume of 10ml/L, cooling to-38 to-42 ℃ at the speed of 3~5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 6-8h, after molding, vacuumizing to-0.08 to-0.10 MPa, heating to-20 to-25 ℃ at the speed of 5-8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 8-10h, heating to 10 to 15 ℃ within 1-2h, keeping the temperature for 6-8h, heating to 25-30 ℃ within 1-3h, keeping the temperature for 1-2h, and finally capping to obtain the oral freeze-dried powder.
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