CN115520850B - 一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料综合资源化回收再利用方法 - Google Patents
一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料综合资源化回收再利用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115520850B CN115520850B CN202211044962.8A CN202211044962A CN115520850B CN 115520850 B CN115520850 B CN 115520850B CN 202211044962 A CN202211044962 A CN 202211044962A CN 115520850 B CN115520850 B CN 115520850B
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- Prior art keywords
- iron
- ferrous sulfate
- doped
- salts
- soluble
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract 17
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VQCBHWLJZDBHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Er]O[Er]=O VQCBHWLJZDBHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CJGYQECZUAUFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tin(2+) Chemical compound [O-2].[Sn+2] CJGYQECZUAUFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000000917 Erbium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001225 Ytterbium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001462 antimony Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001621 bismuth Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- INPLXZPZQSLHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Co+2] INPLXZPZQSLHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002471 indium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002603 lanthanum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003746 yttrium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019262 disodium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002526 disodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxymethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O CEYULKASIQJZGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRLDUDBQNVFTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Sb+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JRLDUDBQNVFTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- SYDXSHCNMKOQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-H erbium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Er+3].[Er+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SYDXSHCNMKOQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000337 indium(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGCKLPDYTQRDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-H indium(iii) sulfate Chemical compound [In+3].[In+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O XGCKLPDYTQRDTR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VQEHIYWBGOJJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-H lanthanum(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [La+3].[La+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VQEHIYWBGOJJDM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011083 sodium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVCOOBXEBNBTGL-UHFFFAOYSA-H ytterbium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Yb+3].[Yb+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KVCOOBXEBNBTGL-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000347 yttrium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨材料综合资源化回收再利用方法。本发明的技术方案要点为:一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨材料综合资源化回收再利用方法,以钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料为主要原料,将其与高分子有机物或可溶性功能性金属盐和高分子有机物混合均匀后,在惰性气氛下经过高温煅烧处理制得硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料,该复合材料用于制备碱性二次电池负极。本发明可以高效回收废钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料,实现废旧材料的高效循环再生利用,回收的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料制得的铁基复合材料具有优异的电化学活性和循环可逆性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于工业固废资源化利用及无机电池材料制备技术领域,具体涉及一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料综合资源化回收再利用方法。
背景技术
钛白粉是一种白色颜料,是一种重要的无机化工产品。我国钛白企业多采用硫酸法生产二氧化钛,每生产1t二氧化钛就会产生3.5~4t的七水硫酸亚铁,其产出量可达750万t/a。钛白副产硫酸亚铁除了主要成分硫酸亚铁,还含有少量的镁、钙、钛等活泼金属元素以及锰、铬等有害重金属元素。长期以来都是作为固体废弃物堆放,不仅造成了环境影响,而且造成了铁资源的浪费,很大程度上制约了钛白粉产业的发展。随着人们对于环境问题和可持续发展理念的日益重视,对于钛白副产硫酸亚铁的资源化利用技术研究引起了人们广泛关注。通常,硫酸亚铁除了用来生产颜料外,还可用于制备铁盐、氧化铁颜料、媒染剂、净水剂、防腐剂、消毒剂等。近年来,随着新能源产业的日益发展,锂离子电池得到了大力推广,然而,退役后的锂离子电池石墨负极材料如何资源化循环利用仍是亟待解决的问题。
目前,锂离子电池已经在全球电动汽车和便携式电子设备市场占据主导地位,具有能量密度高和循环稳定性好等优点。然而,由于锂离子电池的成本高以及有机电解质易燃和有毒的潜在安全隐患,限制了其在大规模储能领域的应用。近年来,铁基碱性二次电池作为一种高安全长寿命绿色环保电池备受科研工作者的关注。铁基碱性二次电池具有安全性好、对环境无污染、原料易得、循环性能好及理论比能量高等优点,在多个应用领域得到快速发展。然而,传统的碱性铁电极所用的Fe3O4材料由于自身极易钝化,导致其较低的放电倍率性能和较强的析氢反应,因此充电效率相对较低、自放电大和活性物质利用率低,严重制约了铁基碱性二次电池的应用和发展。基于此,目前急需要开发制备高性能新型铁负极材料的新工艺。
本发明针对上述问题,提出了钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料综合利用制备高性能碱性铁负极材料的新思路,在解决钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料资源循环利用问题的同时,为铁基碱性二次电池提供新型高性能负极材料。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是提供了一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料综合资源化回收再利用方法,该方法工艺简单,实现了钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收,有效地减少资源消耗,同时为碱性二次电池提供了新型高性能铁基负极材料,改善了碱性二次电池的综合性能。
本发明为解决上述技术问题采用如下方案,一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于:以钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料为主要原料,将其与高分子有机物或可溶性功能性金属盐和高分子有机物混合均匀后,在惰性气氛下经过高温煅烧处理制得硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料,该铁基复合材料用于制备碱性二次电池负极,其中可溶性功能性金属盐为可溶性镍盐、可溶性钛盐、可溶性锌盐、可溶性铋盐、可溶性铅盐、可溶性铟盐、可溶性锡盐、可溶性锑盐、可溶性镱盐、可溶性铝盐、可溶性钇盐、可溶性铒盐或可溶性镧盐中的一种或多种,高分子有机物为丙烯酰胺类聚合物、聚乙烯醇或丙烯酸盐中的一种或多种。
进一步限定,所述硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料为C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料,该硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料中碳元素的质量百分含量为5%~28%,硫元素和铁元素的摩尔比为0.2:1~1:1;所述金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料中掺杂功能性金属元素为Ni、Ti、Zn、Bi、Pb、In、Sn、Sb、Yb、Y、Cu、Er或La中的一种或多种,掺杂功能性金属元素在金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料中的质量百分含量≤20%。
本发明所述的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于具体步骤为:
步骤S1,将废旧石墨负极材料经过稀酸溶液浸泡后,淋洗,干燥,再加入高分子有机物和去离子水或高分子有机物、可溶性功能性金属盐和去离子水,搅拌形成流动性好的粘稠状废旧石墨浆料备用;
步骤S2,将钛白副产硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态并搅拌混合均匀,将步骤S1得到的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度并加入到钛白副产硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,干燥后备用;
步骤S3,将步骤S2得到的混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至500-850℃恒温1-24h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料;
步骤S4,将50wt%-91wt%的步骤S3得到的硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料、5wt%-35wt%的添加剂和3wt%-20wt%的导电剂混合均匀,再加入到1wt%-5wt%粘结剂配制的粘结剂水溶液中,搅拌混合均匀制得活性物质浆料;
步骤S5,将步骤S4得到的活性物质浆料涂覆或挂浆在负极基体上,经过烘干,压片,冲切工序制得碱性二次电池铁基电极。
进一步限定,所述钛白副产硫酸亚铁、废旧石墨负极材料、功能性金属盐和高分子有机物的质量比为10:0.5~6:0~6:0.01~0.5。
进一步限定,所述稀酸溶液为稀硫酸、稀盐酸或稀硝酸。
进一步限定,所述添加剂为硫酸镍、硫化镍、硫化亚钴、氧化铋、硫化铋、羰基铁粉、氧化锌、氧化钇、氧化铒、氧化亚锡、二氧化铈、二氧化钛或短纤维中的至少两种;所述导电剂为导电石墨、科琴黑、导电炭黑、碳纳米管、石墨烯、氧化亚钛或MXene导电材料中的一种或多种;所述粘结剂为聚四氟乙烯、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚偏氟乙烯、聚丙烯酸、丁苯橡胶、聚偏二氟乙烯、海藻酸钠、明胶、聚乙烯醇或羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或多种。
进一步限定,所述负极基体为穿孔钢带、三维立体钢带、不锈钢网、发泡镍、发泡铜、发泡铁或铜网。
一种碱性二次电池铁负极板,其特征在于:所述铁负极板由上述方法制备的硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料制得。
一种碱性二次电池,包括电池壳体、密封在电池壳体中的极板组和电解液,所述的极板组包括镍正极板、铁负极板和隔膜,其特征在于:所述铁负极板采用上述碱性二次电池铁负极板,所用电解液为4-8M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为0.1%-3%的柠檬酸亚锡钠。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果是:本发明创新性地将钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料作为前驱体,通过功能性金属盐和有机碳源的加入,合成出适宜作为碱性二次电池负极的复合材料,从而实现了钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的资源化再利用。该工艺简单,易于大规模工业化生产,材料回收成本低,回收率高,制备的铁负极材料性能优异。本发明不仅提出了废旧磷酸铁锂材料新的回收方案,而且为碱性二次电池提供了一种电性能优异的负极。回收的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料制得的硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料具有优异的电化学活性和循环可逆性,0.2C放电容量达到480mAh/g以上,5C放电容量达到360mAh/g以上,1C倍率下300次循环后容量保持率为86.7%以上。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制备的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的XRD图;
图2是实施例1制备的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的SEM图。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本发明的上述内容做进一步详细说明,但不应该将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例,凡基于本发明上述内容实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
实施例1
C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的制备及应用
将废旧石墨负极材料经过摩尔浓度为0.2mol/L的硫酸溶液中浸泡20min,淋洗后,于120℃烘干备用。取处理后的废旧石墨负极材料2g和聚丙烯酰胺0.05g加到30mL去离子水中,搅拌成废旧石墨浆料备用;将10g硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态,搅拌均匀,不断搅拌下,将制备的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度,然后逐渐加入到硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,于100℃干燥后获得中间混合物;将该混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至650℃恒温3h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料;
将合成的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料84.5g、硫化镍5.5g、硫化铋5.0 g、导电石墨5.0g、质量浓度为2.5%的CMC溶液1g、质量浓度为4%的聚乙烯醇溶液0.5g和质量浓度为60%的PTFE水溶液0.3g混合均匀,制成负极浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至钢带两侧上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入为6M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为0.5%的柠檬酸亚锡二钠的电解液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
实施例2
掺镍的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的制备及应用
将废旧石墨负极材料经过摩尔浓度为0.2mol/L的硫酸溶液中浸泡20min,淋洗后,于120℃烘干备用。取处理后的废旧石墨负极材料2g、硫酸镍03.g和聚乙烯醇0.05g加到30mL去离子水中,搅拌成废旧石墨浆料备用;将10g硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态,搅拌均匀,不断搅拌下,将制备的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度,然后逐渐加入到硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,于110℃干燥后获得中间混合物;将该混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至700℃恒温2h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到掺镍的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料;
将合成的掺镍的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料90.0g、羰基铁粉4.0g、氧化亚锡2.0g、导电炭黑4.0g、质量浓度为2.5%的CMC溶液1g、质量浓度为2%的海藻酸钠溶液0.5g和质量浓度为60%的PTFE水溶液0.3g混合均匀,制成负极浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至穿孔钢带两侧上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入为7M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为0.2%的柠檬酸亚锡二钠的电解液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
实施例3
掺铋、锑的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的制备及应用
将废旧石墨负极材料经过摩尔浓度为0.2mol/L的硫酸溶液中浸泡20min,淋洗后,于120℃烘干备用。取处理后的废旧石墨负极材料1.5g、硝酸铋0.2g、硝酸锑0.1g和聚乙烯醇0.08g加到30mL去离子水中,搅拌成废旧石墨浆料备用;将10g硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态,搅拌均匀,不断搅拌下,将制备的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度,然后逐渐加入到硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,于100℃干燥后获得中间混合物;将该混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至750℃恒温1h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到掺铋、锑的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料;
将合成的掺铋、锑的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料87.0g、硫酸镍2.5g、氧化钇1.5g、二氧化铈2.0 g、氧化锌2.0g、MXene导电材料5.0g、质量浓度为2.5%的CMC溶液1g、质量浓度为1.5%的明胶溶液0.5g和质量浓度为60%的PTFE水溶液0.3g混合均匀,制成负极浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至三维立体钢带两侧上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入为6M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为0.6%的柠檬酸亚锡二钠的电解液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
实施例4
掺铅、铟、镱的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的制备及应用
将废旧石墨负极材料经过摩尔浓度为0.2mol/L的硫酸溶液中浸泡20min,淋洗后,于120℃烘干备用。取处理后的废旧石墨负极材料2.5g、硫酸铅0.1g、硫酸铟0.1g、硫酸镱0.1g、丙烯酰胺0.05g、聚乙烯醇0.1g加到30mL去离子水中,搅拌成废旧石墨浆料备用;将10g硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态,搅拌均匀,不断搅拌下,将制备的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度,然后逐渐加入到硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,于120℃干燥后获得中间混合物;将该混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至720℃恒温2h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到掺铅、铟、镱的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料;
将合成的掺铅、铟、镱的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料90.5g、硫酸镍1.5g、硫化铋3.0 g、羰基铁粉5.0g、科琴黑5.0g、质量浓度为2.5%的CMC溶液1g、质量浓度为1.5%的明胶溶液0.5g和质量浓度为60%的PTFE水溶液0.3g混合均匀,制成负极浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至发泡镍上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入为6M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为0.6%的柠檬酸亚锡二钠的电解液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
实施例5
掺铒、钇、镧、镍的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料的制备及应用
将废旧石墨负极材料经过摩尔浓度为0.2mol/L的硫酸溶液中浸泡20min,淋洗后,于120℃烘干备用。取处理后的废旧石墨负极材料1.0g、硫酸铒0.1g、硫酸钇0.08g、硫酸镧0.05g、硫酸镍0.1g和丙烯酰胺0.1g加到30mL去离子水中,搅拌成废旧石墨浆料备用;将10g硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态,搅拌均匀,不断搅拌下,将制备的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度,然后逐渐加入到硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,于120℃干燥后获得中间混合物;将该混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至680℃恒温5h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到掺铒、钇、镧、镍的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料;
将合成的掺铒、钇、镧、镍的C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料90.5g、硫酸镍1.5g、硫化铋3.0g、羰基铁粉5.0g、质量浓度为2.5%的CMC溶液1g、质量浓度为1.5%的明胶溶液0.5g和质量浓度为60%的PTFE水溶液0.3g混合均匀,制成负极浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至发泡镍上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入为6M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为1.2%的柠檬酸亚锡二钠的电解液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
对比例1
选用商业四氧化三铁为负极材料。
将Fe3O4负极材料80.5g、乙炔黑10g、硫酸镍1.5g、硫化铋3.0 g、羰基铁粉5.0g、质量浓度为2.5%的CMC溶液1g、质量浓度为4%的聚乙烯醇溶液0.5g和质量浓度为60%的PTFE水溶液0.3g混合均匀,制成负极浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至钢带两侧上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入6M氢氧化钾溶液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
对比例2
选用商业硫化亚铁为负极材料。
将硫化亚铁80.5g、乙炔黑10g、硫酸镍1.5g、硫化铋3.0 g、羰基铁粉5.0g和质量浓度为4%的聚乙烯醇溶液1.5g混合均匀制成负极活性物质浆料,通过拉浆模具涂布至发泡镍两侧上,经过干燥、辊压、裁切制成负极板。将常规烧结镍正极板与负极板之间夹隔着碱性电池隔膜,装入特制模拟电池壳中,注入6M氢氧化钾溶液,组装成半密封的铁镍二次电池。
电池性能测试:
容量测试:将采用具体实施例1-5和对比例1-2制备的模拟电池经0.2C活化后,0.2C充电6h,之后电池搁置30min,然后以0.2C和5C分别放电至电压为1.0V和0.6V,测定负极材料的容量性能。电池循环性能测试:将具体实施例1-5和对比例1-2制得的铁镍二次电池分别在25℃环境温度下进行1C充放电测试,循环300次。电池电性能测试结果列在表1。
表1 电池充放电性能测试
从以上测试结果可以看出,采用本发明方法制备的复合负极材料具有较高的克容量、优异的倍率性能和优秀的循环稳定性能。这些性能的改进主要归因于:(1)通过原位固相合成可以实现碳网络支撑结构和Fe3O4/FeS异质结结构的形成,对样品的容量提升和循环稳定性的提升均起到至关重要的作用;(2)碳材料的复合及有益金属元素在充放电过程中的复合掺杂对铁负极材料起到结构晶格修饰和调控作用,极大地改善了铁负极的容量性能和循环稳定性能,尤其是高倍率性能;(3)经研究发现,电解液有益添加剂的选择可以改善负极的析氢行为,抑制钝化,从而会在极大程度上影响到铁电极性能。
以上实施例描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征及优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明原理的范围下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进均落入本发明保护的范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于:以钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料为主要原料,将其与高分子有机物或可溶性功能性金属盐和高分子有机物混合均匀后,在惰性气氛下经过高温煅烧处理制得硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料,该铁基复合材料用于制备碱性二次电池负极,其中可溶性功能性金属盐为可溶性镍盐、可溶性钛盐、可溶性锌盐、可溶性铋盐、可溶性铅盐、可溶性铟盐、可溶性锡盐、可溶性锑盐、可溶性镱盐、可溶性铜盐、可溶性钇盐、可溶性铒盐或可溶性镧盐中的一种或多种,高分子有机物为丙烯酰胺类聚合物、聚乙烯醇或丙烯酸盐中的一种或多种;所述硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料为C/Fe3O4/FeS复合材料,该硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料中碳元素的质量百分含量为5%~28%,硫元素和铁元素的摩尔比为0.2:1~1:1;所述金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料中掺杂功能性金属元素为Ni、Ti、Zn、Bi、Pb、In、Sn、Sb、Yb、Y、Cu、Er或La中的一种或多种,掺杂功能性金属元素在金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料中的质量百分含量≤20%;
其具体步骤为:
步骤S1,将废旧石墨负极材料经过稀酸溶液浸泡后,淋洗,干燥,再加入高分子有机物和去离子水或高分子有机物、可溶性功能性金属盐和去离子水,搅拌形成流动性好的粘稠状废旧石墨浆料备用;
步骤S2,将钛白副产硫酸亚铁加热至熔融态并搅拌混合均匀,将步骤S1得到的废旧石墨浆料加热至熔融液温度并加入到钛白副产硫酸亚铁熔融液中,搅拌混合均匀,干燥后备用;
步骤S3,将步骤S2得到的混合物置于惰性气氛下升温至500-850℃恒温1-24h,然后冷却至室温,粉碎,筛分后得到硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料;
步骤S4,将50wt%-91wt%的步骤S3得到的硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料或金属掺杂型硫碳共掺杂铁基复合材料、5wt%-35wt%的添加剂和3wt%-20wt%的导电剂混合均匀,再加入到1wt%-5wt%粘结剂配制的粘结剂水溶液中,搅拌混合均匀制得活性物质浆料;
步骤S5,将步骤S4得到的活性物质浆料涂覆或挂浆在负极基体上,经过烘干,压片,冲切工序制得碱性二次电池铁基电极。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于:所述钛白副产硫酸亚铁、废旧石墨负极材料、功能性金属盐和高分子有机物的质量比为10:0.5~6:0~6:0.01~0.5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于:所述稀酸溶液为稀硫酸、稀盐酸或稀硝酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于:所述添加剂为硫酸镍、硫化镍、硫化亚钴、氧化铋、硫化铋、羰基铁粉、氧化锌、氧化钇、氧化铒、氧化亚锡、二氧化铈、二氧化钛或短纤维中的至少两种;所述导电剂为导电石墨、科琴黑、导电炭黑、碳纳米管、石墨烯氧化亚钛或MXene导电材料中的一种或多种;所述粘结剂为聚四氟乙烯、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚偏氟乙烯、聚丙烯酸、丁苯橡胶、聚偏二氟乙烯、海藻酸钠、明胶、聚乙烯醇或羟丙基甲基纤维素中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的钛白副产硫酸亚铁和废旧石墨负极材料的综合资源化回收再利用方法,其特征在于:所述负极基体为穿孔钢带、三维立体钢带、不锈钢网、发泡镍、发泡铜、发泡铁或铜网。
6.一种碱性二次电池铁负极板,其特征在于:所述铁负极板由权利要求1~5中任意一项所述方法得到的碱性二次电池铁基电极制得。
7.一种碱性二次电池,包括电池壳体、密封在电池壳体中的极板组和电解液,所述的极板组包括镍正极板、铁负极板和隔膜,其特征在于:所述铁负极板采用权利要求6所述的碱性二次电池铁负极板,所用电解液为4-8M氢氧化钾溶液,含有质量分数为0.1%-3%的柠檬酸亚锡钠。
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