CN115518085B - 含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于预防或治疗妇科疾病的药学组合物 - Google Patents

含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于预防或治疗妇科疾病的药学组合物 Download PDF

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CN115518085B
CN115518085B CN202211221745.1A CN202211221745A CN115518085B CN 115518085 B CN115518085 B CN 115518085B CN 202211221745 A CN202211221745 A CN 202211221745A CN 115518085 B CN115518085 B CN 115518085B
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禹慧珍
禹大夏
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制备药剂的虎掌菇提取物的用途,上述药剂用于预防或治疗选自由痛经、月经不调、月经引起的疲劳感及月经引起的浮肿组成的组中的一种妇科疾病,上述妇科疾病为由雌激素不均衡导致的,为了预防或治疗上述妇科疾病,在痛经开始时服用虎掌菇提取物,上述虎掌菇提取物为虎掌菇子实体的水提取物,虎掌菇提取物的制备方法包括:步骤1),放入水后在45‑60℃下30分钟进行第一次提取;步骤2),在90‑105℃下10分钟进行第二次提取;步骤3),过滤步骤2)的提取物;以及步骤4),对步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥。

Description

含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于预防或治疗妇科疾病 的药学组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于预防或治疗妇科疾病的药学组合物。
背景技术
随着社会进步,职业女性的数量逐渐增加,但由于西式餐饮和速食食品的摄入、来自事业和家庭的压力以及不合理的减肥等原因,使女性体内的营养和激素不均衡,导致许多女性出现月经不调、痛经、皮肤过敏、失眠、脱发、抑郁、以及身高和胸部发育不良等疾病。
对于这些疾病,大多使用向患者施用人工合成雌激素的激素替代疗法,但长期使用这种疗法可能诱发子宫癌、乳房癌、静脉血栓、胆囊疾病等,因此受到诸多限制。
痛经在育龄妇女中出现的概率高达50%,为常见的妇科疾病之一,初发于初潮后的第一至两年间,在十几岁或二十几岁的女性中属常见症状,但有甚者到四十多岁还在继续,这其中大约10%的人反映每个月有一到三天因疼痛而做不了平时能做的事。
痛经出现于经前数小时或月经即将来临之时,疼痛开始于耻骨上部,持续两到三天,原发性痛经源自子宫肌的过度收缩,这类似于分娩时的分娩痛,会伴有尾骨(骶椎)部位的疼痛,疼痛还会向前蔓延到大腿根部,同时伴有恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状,偶尔会出现昏迷症状。另外,痛经时的疼痛不同于腹腔炎症带来的疼痛,表现为一种绞痛,虽然可以通过按摩骨盆或活动身体来缓解,但还要依据症状程度进行药物治疗。
据韩国庆熙医疗院韩医院的调查结果,月经时出现腹痛、腰痛和头痛等疼痛症状的女性高达47%,出现食欲不振和消化不良等胃肠障碍的达13%,感到不适的为8%,尤其在632名初高中女学生中,70%出现生理痛,50%疼痛的症状严重,但其中66%的人选择忍耐,28%的人使用镇痛剂解决,90%的人不采取根本性的治疗。
痛经的起因还有很多不明之处,但原发性痛经的绝大部分疼痛由子宫内膜细胞的前列腺素分泌增加引起,在黄体期,由于黄体酮水平低下而脱落的子宫内膜细胞的环氧化酶(COX)的活性增加,分泌前列腺素(PG),尤其是PGF2-α和PGE2,在这些前列腺素的作用下,子宫的紧张度增加,出现大幅度的收缩,这样的收缩会带来缺血性疼痛。
现在还没有能够根治痛经的药剂,但通过给药阿司匹林、布洛芬、扑热息痛等药物抑制前列腺素的生成来缓解疼痛的方法而被广泛使用,不过上述药物可带来耐药性、消化不良、恶心、呕吐、便秘、腹泻、头痛、眩晕、视觉障碍、听觉障碍、困倦、疲劳以及胃肠道出血等副作用。
因此,为开发能够无副作用地缓解痛经的物质的研究正在如火如荼地开展。与此相关地,韩国专利公报第10-2015-005430号公开了含人参子提取物的缓解月经前综合征和痛经的组合物,韩国专利公报第10-1598283号公布了能够通过醋氯芬酸和东莨菪碱缓解或治疗痛经。
另外,数千年前人类就已把蘑菇作为食物和药物广泛地加以利用,蘑菇的代谢产物多醣体及多醣体-肽复合体,含有三萜类化合物(triterpenoid)和蛋白质,对多种生理反应有调节能力,在这一点上有重要的药理价值。
在这些蘑菇中,虎掌菇(Sarcodon Asparatus)为多孔菌目(Aphyllophorales)革菌科(Thelphoraceae)的担子菌类蘑菇,子实体高10cm至20cm,外形呈漏斗状像喇叭花,生有许多小针,菌帽直径为7cm至25cm,高7cm至25cm,表面粗糙,有大鳞片。虎掌菇干燥后能够散发出强烈香气,因此又名香菇。虎掌菇对生物机能调节的效果很高,已知对癌症、脑卒中、心脏病等成人疾病的预防和改善有着良好的效果,虎掌菇的根或外生菌根植于栎树之上,在阔叶林的地面群生或单生,由于目前还不能人工栽培,因此只能依靠自然状态的采摘。
对此,本发明人在开发安全无副作用地缓解或治疗痛经的制剂时,确认虎掌菇提取物能够缓解痛经,能够减少经期、月经量、月经不调以及淤血,还能够鲜亮经血,从而完成了本发明。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供虎掌菇提取物对妇科疾病的预防或治疗用途。
解决问题的方案
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供一种含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的预防或治疗妇科疾病的药学组合物。
并且,本发明还提供一种含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于改善妇科疾病的保健食品。
并且,本发明还提供一种包括向对象给药虎掌菇提取物步骤的用于预防、改善或治疗妇科疾病的方法。
进而,本发明还提供一种虎掌菇提取物的用途,能够用于为预防、改善或治疗妇科疾病的药剂的制备。
本申请的用于制备药剂的虎掌菇提取物的用途,上述药剂用于预防或治疗选自由痛经、月经不调、月经引起的疲劳感及月经引起的浮肿组成的组中的一种妇科疾病,
上述妇科疾病为由雌激素不均衡导致的,
为了预防或治疗上述妇科疾病,在痛经开始时服用虎掌菇提取物,
上述虎掌菇提取物为虎掌菇子实体的水提取物,
虎掌菇提取物的制备方法包括:
步骤1),放入水后在45-60℃下30分钟进行第一次提取;
步骤2),在90-105℃下10分钟进行第二次提取;
步骤3),过滤步骤2)的提取物;以及
步骤4),对步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥。
本申请的用于制备保健食品的虎掌菇提取物的用途,上述保健食品用于改善选自由痛经、月经不调、月经引起的疲劳感及月经引起的浮肿组成的组中的一种妇科疾病,
上述妇科疾病为由雌激素不均衡导致的,
为了改善上述妇科疾病,在痛经开始时服用虎掌菇提取物,
上述虎掌菇提取物为虎掌菇子实体的水提取物,
虎掌菇提取物的制备方法包括:
步骤1),放入水后在45-60℃下30分钟进行第一次提取;
步骤2),在90-105℃下10分钟进行第二次提取;
步骤3),过滤步骤2)的提取物;以及
步骤4),对步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥。
发明的效果
只要服用一次本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物就能够治疗痛经,能够减少经期、月经量、月经不调以及淤血,还能够鲜亮经血,能够有效应用于妇科疾病的预防或治疗。
最佳实施方式
以下详细说明本发明。
本发明提供一种含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于预防或治疗妇科疾病的药学组合物。
上述提取物的制备方法包括:1)向虎掌菇加入提取溶剂来进行第一次提取的步骤;2)对上述步骤1)的第一次提取物进行第二次提取的步骤;3)过滤上述步骤2)的提取物的步骤;以及4)对上述步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥的步骤。
根据上述方法,步骤1)的虎掌菇不受栽培的或是采购的限制,都能够使用,也能够使用上述虎掌菇的子实体或菌丝体部分,在本发明的一实施例中,上述虎掌菇提取物可以为从子实体中提取的。
根据上述方法,步骤1)的提取溶剂可以为水、醇或它们的混合物。上述醇具体地为C1至C4低级醇,更具体地,可以为甲醇或乙醇;在本发明的一实施例中,上述提取溶剂可以为水。提取方法可以为减压高温提取、沸水提取、过滤法、热水提取、浸渍提取、回流提取、冷浸提取、蒸汽提取、常温提取或超声波提取等本领域已知的所有提取方法都能够适用,在本发明的一实施例中,上述提取方法可以为热水提取法,上述提取溶剂的添加量为以虎掌菇干燥重量为基准的30倍至90倍,具体地为40倍至80倍,更具体地为50倍至70倍,在本发明的一实施例中,上述提取溶剂的添加量可以为以虎掌菇干燥重量为基准的60倍。
上述步骤1)的第一次提取的执行温度可以为30℃至100℃,具体地为40℃至80℃,更具体地为45℃至60℃,在本发明的一实施例中,上述第一次提取的执行温度可以为50℃。并且,上述第一次提取的执行时间可以为5分钟至1小时,具体地为15分钟至40分钟,更具体地为25分钟至35分钟,在本发明的一实施例中,上述第一次提取的执行时间可以为30分钟。
上述步骤2)的第二次提取的执行温度可以为50℃至120℃,具体地为70℃至110℃,更具体地为90℃至105℃,在本发明的一实施例中,上述第二次提取的执行温度为100℃。并且,上述第二次提取的执行时间可以为5分钟至30分钟,具体地为5分钟至20分钟,更具体地为5分钟至15分钟,本发明的一实施例中,上述第二次提取的执行时间可以为10分钟。
上述妇科疾病可以为由雌激素不均衡导致的,具体地可以为由雌激素不均衡导致的痛经、月经前综合征、浮肿、月经不调、带下症、淤血、手脚冰冷、腰痛、皮肤过敏、失眠、脱发、抑郁、眩晕、头痛、便秘、腹泻、皮肤潮红、耳鸣及尿频等。
在本发明的具体实施例中,本发明人将水加入通过热风干燥后粉碎的虎掌菇子实体中来制备虎掌菇提取物,使每次都因经期严重痛经而服用镇痛剂的17位十几岁至五十几岁的女性服用该提取物。结果,服用虎掌菇提取物的女性在服用之后,痛经马上消失,在服用一次虎掌菇提取物的当月的经期及月经量减少,并且,经血变得鲜亮,淤血消失(参考表1);而且,在服用一次虎掌菇提取物之后,下个月开始即使不再服用虎掌菇提取物,也只出现轻微的痛经或者消失不见,经量减少,淤血消失,上述效果在经过12个月后仍持续(参考表2至表4)。
因此,上述虎掌菇提取物能够有效用作预防或治疗妇科疾病的治疗用药学组合物。
上述药学组合物中,相对于药学组合物的总重量,可以包含10重量百分比至95重量百分比的本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分。并且,本发明所述的药学组合物还可以含有除上述有效成分外的具有相同或类似功能的一种以上有效成分。
本发明所述的组合物还可以包括通常用于生物制剂的载体、稀释剂、赋形剂或它们的两种以上的组合。在药剂学上可接受的载体,适合于向生物体内传递组合物,则不受特别的限制,可以为记载于Merck Index,13th ed.,Merck&Co.Inc.的化合物、生理盐水、灭菌水、林格氏溶液、缓冲生理盐水、葡萄糖溶液、麦芽糊精溶液、甘油、乙醇或者这些成分中一种以上成分的混合物。此时可以根据需要添加抗氧化剂、缓冲液、制菌剂等其他常规添加剂。
对上述组合物进行制剂化时,使用常规的填充剂、增量剂、结合剂、湿润剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂等稀释剂或赋形剂来制备。
本发明所述的组合物可以制成口服制剂或非口服制剂的剂型。用于口服给药的固体制剂包括片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、锭剂等,这样的固体制剂可以在一种以上的组合物中混合一种以上的赋形剂,比如淀粉、碳酸钙、蔗糖、乳糖以及明胶等来制成。并且,还可以混合硬脂酸镁、滑石粉之类的润滑剂。另外,液体制剂包括悬浮剂、内用液剂、油剂或者糖浆剂等,其中可以包括湿润剂、甜味剂、芳香剂、保存剂之类的赋形剂。
非口服制剂包括灭菌的水溶液、非水性溶剂、悬浮溶剂、油剂等注射剂。
非水性溶剂和悬浮溶剂可以使用聚丙二醇、聚乙二醇、橄榄油之类的植物性油脂以及油酸乙酯之类能够用于注射的酯等。
并且,本发明还提供含有虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的用于改善妇科疾病的保健食品。
上述提取物的制备方法包括:1)向虎掌菇添加提取溶剂进行第一次提取的步骤;2)对上述步骤1)的第一次提取物进行第二次提取的步骤;3)过滤上述步骤2)的提取物的步骤;以及4)对上述步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥的步骤。
根据上述方法,步骤1)的虎掌菇不受栽培的或采购的限制,都能够使用,也能够使用上述虎掌菇的子实体或菌丝体部分,在本发明的一实施例中,上述虎掌菇提取物可以为从子实体中提取的。
上述提取物可以由水、醇或它们的混合物提取。上述醇具体地为C1至C4低级醇,更具体地,可以为甲醇或乙醇。在本发明的一实施例中,上述提取溶剂可以为水。
上述妇科疾病可以为由雌激素不均衡导致的,具体地可以为由雌激素不均衡导致的痛经、月经前综合征、浮肿、月经不调、带下症、淤血、手脚冰冷、腰痛、皮肤过敏、失眠、脱发、抑郁、眩晕、头痛、便秘、腹泻、皮肤潮红、耳鸣及尿频等。
在本发明的具体实施例中,本发明人将水加入通过热风干燥后粉碎的虎掌菇子实体中来制备虎掌菇提取物,使每次都因经期严重痛经而服用镇痛剂的17位十几岁至五十几岁的女性服用该提取物,结果,服用虎掌菇提取物的女性在服用之后,痛经马上消失,在服用一次虎掌菇提取物的当月的经期及月经量减少,并且,经血变得鲜亮,淤血消失(参考表1);而且,在服用一次虎掌菇提取物之后,下个月开始即使不再服用虎掌菇提取物,也只出现轻微的痛经或者消失不见,经量减少,淤血消失,上述效果在经过12个月后仍持续(参考表2至表4)。
因此,上述虎掌菇提取物能够有效应用于改善妇科疾病。
上述保健食品中添加的作为有效成分的虎掌菇提取物的含量可以根据目的确定,通常上述含量为健康食品的总重量的0.01重量份至90重量份。
并且,上述保健食品的形态和种类不受限制,能够添加上述物质的健康食品的形态可以为片剂、胶囊、粉末、颗粒、液态或者丸等。
本发明所述的健康食品与常规的健康食品一样,能够含有各种香味剂或者天然碳水化合物等追加成分,上述天然碳水化合物可以为葡萄糖、果糖之类的单糖,也可以为麦芽糖、蔗糖之类的多糖,也可以为糊精、环状糊精之类的多聚糖,也可以为木糖醇、山梨醇、赤藓糖醇之类的糖醇,甜味剂可以为索马甜、甜叶菊提取物之类的天然甜味剂、也可以为糖精或阿斯巴甜之类的人工甜味剂。
除此之外,本发明所述的保健食品还可以含有各种营养素、维生素、电解质、风味剂、着色剂、果胶酸及其盐、褐藻酸及其盐、有机酸、保护性果胶增稠剂、pH调节剂、稳定剂、防腐剂、甘油或者醇等。这些成分可以单独或者组合使用,相对于100重量份的本发明的提取物,这些添加剂的比率可以在0.01重量份至0.1重量份的范围内。
并且,本发明还提供包括向对象给药虎掌菇提取物的步骤的用于预防、改善或治疗妇科疾病的治疗方法。
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物可以具有上述特征,上述对象可以为哺乳动物,具体地可以为人类。
本发明所述的组合物根据目的不同而采用口服给药或者非口服给药,非口服给药能够选择外敷或者腹腔内注射、直肠内注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射、或者胸部注射等注入方式。
本发明所述的组合物以药剂学上的有效剂量来给药,可根据疾病的种类、轻重度、药物的活性、对药物的敏感度、给药时间、给药途径及代谢率、疗程以及同时使用的药物等情况不同而有所不同,本发明所述的组合物能够单独给药或与其他治疗剂联合给药,联合给药时,可依次给药或者同时给药。
但是,为了得到优选的效果,本发明所述的组合物中包含的有效成分的量可以为0.001mg/kg至10000mg/kg,具体可以为0.1g/kg至5g/kg,上述给药可以为一日一次,也可以为一日多次。
进而,本发明还提供一种虎掌菇提取物的用途,用于制备预防、改善或治疗妇科疾病的药剂。
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物可具有上述特征。
具体实施方式
以下,通过下述实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
但下述实施例只是例示本发明,本发明的内容并不限定于下述实施例。
实施例1:虎掌菇提取物的制备
利用常规方法对从韩国庆尚北道安东野山中采集的虎掌菇的子实体进行热风干燥后粉碎,之后将3g粉碎的虎掌菇放入180ml的水中,而后在50℃加热30分钟,再在100℃加热10分钟,得到了虎掌菇提取物。
实验例1:虎掌菇提取物对痛经的疗效的确认
为评价虎掌菇提取物对痛经的缓解及疗效进行了如下实验。
1-1:实验对象
以每次都因经期严重痛经而服用镇痛剂的17位十几岁至五十几岁的女性为对象,评价了虎掌菇提取物对痛经的缓解效果和疗效。
1-2:服用虎掌菇提取物前后对痛经的疗效的确认
为确认服用虎掌菇提取物前后的变化,选择了每次都因经期严重痛经而服用镇痛剂的女性,使其在痛经开始时服用一次通过上述实施例1的方法制备的提取物160ml,随着服用提取物的变化如下面表1所示。
表1:服用虎掌菇提取物前后对比
如表1所示,在服用虎掌菇提取物后不久,所有女性的痛经都消失了,大部分女性在服用一次虎掌菇提取物的当月的经期及月经量减少,经血变得鲜亮,淤血及月经不调消失(表1)。并且,一部分女性因月经而起的无力感、疲劳感及浮肿减少了。
1-3:服用虎掌菇提取物一次后的疗效的确认
调查了服用虎掌菇提取物一次后经过1个月、2个月、3个月、6个月及12个月后的变化如下面表2至表4所示。
表2痛经持续时间比较
表3月经量比较
表4是否产生淤血比较
如表2至表4所示,在服用一次虎掌菇提取物之后,下个月开始即使不再服用虎掌菇提取物,也只出现轻微的痛经或者消失不见,月经量减少,淤血消失,上述效果在经过12个月后仍持续(表2至表4)。
另外,本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物能够根据目的而制成不同形态的制剂,下述介绍含有本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物作为有效成分的几种制剂化方法,只是例示,本发明不限定于此。
制剂例1:药学制剂的制备
1-1:散剂的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物2g
乳糖1g
将上述成分混合后装入密封袋制成散剂。
1-2:片剂的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物 100mg
玉米淀粉 100mg
乳糖 100mg
硬脂酸镁 2mg
将上述成分混合后,利用常规制备片剂的方法压片制成片剂。
1-3:胶囊剂的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物100mg
玉米淀粉 100mg
乳糖 100mg
硬脂酸镁 2mg
将上述成分混合后,利用制备胶囊剂的常规方法填充至明胶胶囊制成胶囊剂。
1-4:丸的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物 1g
乳糖 1.5g
甘油 1g
木糖醇 0.5g
将上述成分混合后,利常规的方法制成丸,每个丸为4g。
1-5:颗粒的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物 150mg
大豆提取物 50mg
葡萄糖 200mg
淀粉 600mg
将上述成分混合后,添加30%的乙醇100mg,在60℃下干燥形成颗粒,而后装入袋中。
1-6:注射剂的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物500mg
适量的注射用灭菌蒸馏水
适量的pH调节剂
根据制备注射剂的常规方法,按每1安瓿(2ml)包含上述含量的成分来制备。
1-7:液剂的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物100mg
异构糖 10g
甘露醇 5g
*适量的纯净水
以制备液剂的常规方法将各成分加入纯净水中溶解,再加入适量柠檬香后混合上述成分,再通过加入纯净水调节到100ml,灌入棕色瓶中灭菌后制成液剂。
制剂例2:保健食品的制备
本发明所述的虎掌菇提取物100mg
适量的维生素混合物
醋酸维生素A 70μg
维生素E 1.0mg
维生素B1 0.13mg
维生素B2 0.15mg
维生素B6 0.5mg
维生素B12 0.2μg
维生素C 10mg
生物素10μg
烟酰胺 1.7mg
叶酸 50μg
泛酸钙 0.5mg
适量的无机混合物
硫酸亚铁 1.75mg
氧化锌 0.82mg
碳酸镁 25.3mg
磷酸一钙 15mg
磷酸二钙 55mg
枸橼酸钙 90mg
碳酸钙 100mg
氯化镁 24.8mg
上述维生素和矿物质的混合物的组成比为按适合保健食品成分的优选实施例混合组成的,也可以改变组成比来实施,按照常规的保健食品的制备方法将上述成分混合后,制成颗粒,并可按照常规的方法使用于保健食品组合物的制备中。

Claims (2)

1.虎掌菇提取物作为唯一活性成分在制备用于预防或治疗痛经或月经不调的药剂中的用途,其特征在于,
上述痛经或月经不调为由雌激素不均衡导致的,
为了预防或治疗上述痛经或月经不调,在痛经开始时服用虎掌菇提取物,
上述虎掌菇提取物为虎掌菇子实体的水提取物,
虎掌菇提取物的制备方法包括:
步骤1),放入水后在45-60℃下30分钟进行第一次提取;
步骤2),在90-105℃下10分钟进行第二次提取;
步骤3),过滤步骤2)的提取物;以及
步骤4),对步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥。
2.虎掌菇提取物作为唯一活性成分在制备用于辅助改善痛经或月经不调的保健食品中的用途,其特征在于,
上述痛经或月经不调由雌激素不均衡导致的,
为了改善上述痛经或月经不调,在痛经开始时服用虎掌菇提取物,
上述虎掌菇提取物为虎掌菇子实体的水提取物,
虎掌菇提取物的制备方法包括:
步骤1),放入水后在45-60℃下30分钟进行第一次提取;
步骤2),在90-105℃下10分钟进行第二次提取;
步骤3),过滤步骤2)的提取物;以及
步骤4),对步骤3)中过滤的提取物进行减压浓缩后进行干燥。
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