CN115428614A - Polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method - Google Patents

Polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115428614A
CN115428614A CN202211278901.8A CN202211278901A CN115428614A CN 115428614 A CN115428614 A CN 115428614A CN 202211278901 A CN202211278901 A CN 202211278901A CN 115428614 A CN115428614 A CN 115428614A
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seeds
sealwort
seed
soaking
aqueous solution
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雷志超
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Hubei Chongjie Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Hubei Chongjie Agricultural Development Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed

Abstract

The application relates to a sealwort seed pretreatment method, which comprises the following steps: selecting full sealwort seeds and removing peels; putting the sealwort seeds without peel into disinfectant for disinfection; putting the disinfected sealwort seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking; uniformly mixing 5-10mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 10-20mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 100-200mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and mixing the fine sand with the obtained mixed solution to wet, wherein the humidity is controlled at 30-50%; storing the soaked rhizoma Polygonati seeds and fine sand at a ratio of 1: 3 in shade at a temperature of about 3-5 deg.C; seeds stored for 90 days are spread on a culture medium, and a layer of the culture medium is covered on the seeds for germination acceleration. The sealwort seed pretreatment method can greatly reduce the pollution rate by primarily disinfecting the sealwort seeds, thereby improving the germination rate of the seeds.

Description

Polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of seed pretreatment, in particular to a sealwort seed pretreatment method.
Background
Rhizoma polygonati is a traditional bulk medicinal material with dual purposes of medicine and food since ancient times, and is also an important raw material for producing medicines and health-care products. Along with the development of economy, people pay more and more attention to health preservation, and the demand of polygonatum kingianum is greatly increased. However, since the pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China only stipulates polysaccharides, alcohol-soluble extracts and total ash content in the sealwort processing process, specific processing technology and technical parameters are not stipulated, and the differences of sealwort processing methods in various regions are large, the quality of products is easily different
In the related art, the traditional sealwort planting method utilizes a plant which is cut from the upper part of a sealwort tuber, and belongs to asexual propagation. Moreover, the quality of sealwort is degraded due to long-term asexual propagation, the problem of plant diseases and insect pests is increasingly serious, and the production scale of sealwort is severely limited. The polygonatum seeds have the habit of embryo after-ripening, and the germination rate is lower under natural conditions. With the gradual maturity of tissue culture technology, the cultivation of sealwort seedlings by tissue culture and rapid propagation becomes a feasible way. The traditional cultivation is high in input threshold and cost, and the land is extremely scarce, so that the cost is in a rapid rising trend, large-scale cultivation is realized, and most of areas are almost selected without land. On the other hand, in non-staple food production areas, particularly in poor and laggard areas, retained women and old people become labor force mainly engaged in planting industry, labor quality and suitable labor intensity are rapidly degraded, and the traditional deep digging and harvesting of polygonatum are difficult to adapt.
The cost of artificial large-area planting is greatly increased due to the factors of long seedling raising time, low propagation rate, difficult seed collection and the like of the polygonatum sibiricum seeds, however, in the traditional artificial planting, the polygonatum sibiricum seeds are mainly propagated by utilizing asexual propagation and rhizomes, so that the polygonatum sibiricum seeds are seriously degraded after multi-generation propagation, are susceptible to viruses and reduce the germination rate of the seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a sealwort seed pretreatment method, which aims to solve the problems that the degeneration is serious and viruses are easily infected after multi-generation propagation in the related technology, and the germination rate of seeds is reduced.
Provides a sealwort seed pretreatment method, which comprises the following steps:
selecting full sealwort seeds and removing peels;
putting the sealwort seeds without peel into disinfectant for disinfection;
putting the disinfected sealwort seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
uniformly mixing 5-10mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 10-20mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 100-200mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and mixing the fine sand with the obtained mixed solution to wet, wherein the humidity is controlled at 30-50%;
storing the soaked rhizoma Polygonati seeds and fine sand at a ratio of 1: 3 in shade at a temperature of about 3-5 deg.C;
seeds stored for 90 days are spread on a culture medium, and a layer of culture medium is covered on the seeds for germination acceleration.
In some embodiments, the step of putting the sealwort seeds without peel into a disinfectant for disinfection specifically comprises the steps of:
soaking the pericarp-removed seed in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking the pericarp-removed seed in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixed liquid for 5-10min, washing with sterile distilled water for 4-5 times, and adding 0.1% of HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 5-10min.
In some embodiments, before the sealwort seed with the pericarp removed is put into the disinfectant for disinfection, after the pericarp removal, the method further comprises the following steps:
and providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles.
In some embodiments, the culture medium is one or more of fermented rice chaff, rotten leaves, or other loose nutrient medium.
In some embodiments, the soaked polygonatum seeds and fine sand are stored in a shade place according to the proportion of 1 to 3, and the temperature is controlled to be about 3-5 ℃, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 5-7 grains of rhizoma Polygonati seeds with wet fine sand per cubic centimeter, storing in shade, watering regularly, keeping humidity at 40%, and storing for 3 months.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a sealwort seed pretreatment method, and sealwort seeds with peel removed are put into disinfectant for disinfection. The disinfected sealwort seeds are placed into a seed coating agent to be stirred and soaked, and the pollution rate of the disinfected sealwort seeds can be greatly reduced, so that the germination rate of the seeds is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a sealwort seed pretreatment method, which can solve the problems that the degeneration is serious and viruses are easily infected after multi-generation propagation in the related technology, and the germination rate of seeds is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting full-grain sealwort seeds, and removing peels;
s2, putting the sealwort seeds without peel into a disinfectant for disinfection;
s3, placing the disinfected rhizoma polygonati seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
s4, uniformly mixing 5-10mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 10-20mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 100-200mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and stirring the fine sand with the obtained mixed solution to wet, wherein the humidity is controlled to be 30-50%;
s5, storing the soaked rhizoma polygonati seeds and fine sand in a shade at a ratio of 1 to 3, and controlling the temperature to be about 3-5 ℃;
s6, spreading the seeds stored for 90 days on a culture medium, covering a layer of culture medium on the seeds, and accelerating germination.
After the step S6, a field is selected as a seedling growing field, seeds for accelerating germination are sowed on a prepared seedling growing bed in a row, the seeds are covered with the hay and watered after being sowed, finally, the shading net is covered, the hay and the shading net are removed after seedlings emerge, the shading net is lapped on the seedling growing bed, the seedling growing bed is kept moist, and the seedlings are immediately weeded and fertilized with farmyard manure to strengthen the seedlings.
In step S1, preferably, mature rhizoma Polygonati seeds harvested in 10-11 months are selected, the rhizoma Polygonati seeds with plump grains are placed in a cool place for natural softening, and then the peels are rubbed off.
In step S4, preferably, 6mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 15mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 150mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution are mixed uniformly in equal volumes, and the fine sand is stirred wet by the obtained mixed solution, and the humidity is controlled at 40%.
In this application, the sealwort seeds with the pericarp removed are put into the disinfectant for disinfection. The disinfected sealwort seeds are placed into a seed coating agent to be stirred and soaked, and the pollution rate of the disinfected sealwort seeds can be greatly reduced, so that the germination rate of the seeds is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the step S2 of putting the polygonatum sibiricum seeds with the pericarp removed into a disinfectant for disinfection specifically comprises the steps of:
s21, soaking the pericarp-removed seeds in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking the pericarp-removed seeds in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixture for 5-10min, washing with sterile distilled water for 4-5 times, and further 0.1% HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 5-10min.
The epicarp of rhizoma Polygonati seed is the main source of seed contamination, and before sterilization, the pericarp should be cleaned by repeatedly rubbing, soaking in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking in 8% NaClO 5-6 drops of Tween for 5-10min, washing with sterile distilled water for 4-5 times, and adding 0.1% HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 5-10min.
Further, before putting the sealwort seed without peel into the disinfectant for disinfection, after removing peel, namely in steps S1 and S2, the method further comprises the steps of:
s11, providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles.
Namely, the full-grain sealwort seeds selected in S1 are preselected, the full-grain net seeds selected in S11 are selected as the check, and each seed can be ensured to be full grains through mechanical screening, so that the consistency of products is ensured.
On the other hand, as the seed per se has hard and thick seed coat and endosperm and disinfectant is not easy to enter the interior of the seed, the seed coat and the endosperm can be softened to a certain degree through mechanical screening, so that digestive juice can easily enter the interior of the seed.
Preferably, the culture medium is one or a mixture of fermented rice chaff, rotten leaves or other loose nutrient substrates.
Further, in step S5, the soaked polygonatum seeds and fine sand are stored in a shade at a ratio of 1 to 3, and the temperature is controlled at about 3-5 ℃, including the following steps:
s51, mixing 5-7 grains of sealwort seeds into the wet fine sand per cubic centimeter, then placing the mixture in a cool and shady place for storage, watering the mixture regularly, keeping the humidity at 40 percent, and storing the mixture for 3 months.
The embodiment of the application provides a sealwort seed pretreatment method, and sealwort seeds with peel removed are put into disinfectant for disinfection. The disinfected sealwort seeds are placed into a seed coating agent to be stirred and soaked, and the pollution rate of the disinfected sealwort seeds can be greatly reduced, so that the germination rate of the seeds is improved.
The following will be illustrated from the different examples and comparative examples:
comparative example:
the application provides a polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting full-grain sealwort seeds, and removing peels;
s11, providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles;
s3, placing the disinfected rhizoma polygonati seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
s4, uniformly mixing 6mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 15mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 150mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and wetting the fine sand by using the obtained mixed solution, wherein the humidity is controlled at 40%;
s5, storing the soaked rhizoma polygonati seeds and fine sand in a shade at a ratio of 1 to 3, and controlling the temperature to be about 3-5 ℃;
s6, spreading the seeds stored for 90 days on a culture medium, covering a layer of culture medium on the seeds, and accelerating germination.
Example 1:
s1, selecting full-grain sealwort seeds, and removing peels;
s11, providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles;
s21, soaking the seeds without peel in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking the seeds without peel in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixture for 5min, washing with sterile distilled water for 5 times, and adding 0.1% of HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 5min;
s3, placing the disinfected rhizoma polygonati seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
s4, uniformly mixing 6mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 15mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 150mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and wetting the fine sand by using the obtained mixed solution, wherein the humidity is controlled at 40%;
s5, storing the soaked rhizoma polygonati seeds and fine sand in a shade at a ratio of 1 to 3, and controlling the temperature to be about 3-5 ℃;
s6, spreading the seeds stored for 90 days on a culture medium, covering a layer of culture medium on the seeds, and accelerating germination.
Example 2:
s1, selecting full-grain sealwort seeds, and removing peels;
s11, providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles;
s21, soaking the seeds without peel in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking the seeds without peel in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixture for 8min, washing with sterile distilled water for 5 times, and adding 0.1% of HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 8min;
s3, placing the disinfected rhizoma polygonati seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
s4, uniformly mixing 6mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 15mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 150mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and wetting the fine sand by using the obtained mixed solution, wherein the humidity is controlled at 40%;
s5, storing the soaked rhizoma polygonati seeds and fine sand in a shade at a ratio of 1 to 3, and controlling the temperature to be about 3-5 ℃;
s6, spreading the seeds stored for 90 days on a culture medium, covering a layer of culture medium on the seeds, and accelerating germination.
Example 3:
s1, selecting full-grain sealwort seeds, and removing peels;
s11, providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles;
s21, soaking the seeds without peel in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking the seeds without peel in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixture for 10min, washing with sterile distilled water for 5 times, and adding 0.1% of HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 10min;
s3, placing the disinfected rhizoma polygonati seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
s4, uniformly mixing 6mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 15mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 150mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and wetting the fine sand by using the obtained mixed solution, wherein the humidity is controlled at 40%;
s5, storing the soaked rhizoma polygonati seeds and fine sand in a shade at a ratio of 1 to 3, and controlling the temperature to be about 3-5 ℃;
s6, spreading the seeds stored for 90 days on a culture medium, covering a layer of culture medium on the seeds, and accelerating germination.
Germination experiments are carried out on the polygonatum seeds treated in the comparative example and the first, second and third examples, and the germination rate of each treated polygonatum seed is counted, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
12 petri dishes were prepared and two layers of filter paper were laid in each dish. Taking 3 culture dishes paved with two layers of filter paper, and putting 100 polygonatum seeds treated in the first embodiment in each culture dish. And distinguishing and marking 3 culture dishes filled with the sealwort seeds treated in the comparative example.
And taking 3 culture dishes paved with two layers of filter paper, and putting 100 polygonatum seeds treated in the second embodiment in each culture dish. And distinguishing and marking 3 culture dishes filled with the sealwort seeds treated in the first embodiment.
Then, 3 culture dishes paved with two layers of filter paper are taken, and 100 polygonatum seeds treated by the first control example are put in each culture dish. And distinguishing and marking 3 culture dishes filled with the sealwort seeds treated in the second control example.
100 polygonatum seeds treated according to the second comparative example were placed in the last 3 dishes with two layers of filter paper. And distinguishing and marking 3 culture dishes filled with the sealwort seeds treated in the third control example.
Placing 12 culture dishes in a dark illumination incubator at 25 ℃ for germination, observing the moisture condition in the culture dishes every day, replenishing moisture in time, and counting the germination number every 10 days. The total number of the samples was counted 6 times. The germination numbers of the three treated seeds are respectively 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 50 days and 60 days. The calculated germination rates are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003897810760000081
Figure BDA0003897810760000091
As can be seen from table 1:
in the comparative example, the germination rates of polygonatum seeds which were not soaked with the disinfectant were lower than those of polygonatum seeds soaked with the disinfectant at each stage, as compared with the examples, and it can be seen that the germination rates of polygonatum seeds soaked with the disinfectant were significantly improved as compared with those of polygonatum seeds which were not soaked.
As seen from the data of examples one, two and three, when the pericarp-removed seed is soaked in 70% ethanol for 1min, then the pericarp-removed seed is soaked in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixture for 8min, washed 5 times with sterile distilled water, and then again treated with 0.1% HgCl 2 When 5-6 drops of Tween are added for soaking for 8min, the germination rate is the highest.
The reason that the soaking time is short and the disinfection is not carried out well is mainly because the soaking time is short, and the germination rate is low after the soaking time is 10min, and the reason that the soaking time is long and the disinfection solution enters the interior of the embryo, the cut seeds are disinfected shows that the milky embryo turns brown and the germination rate is also reduced remarkably, which indicates that the plant tissue is easy to necrotize after the disinfection time is too long, so that the germination rate is reduced.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (5)

1. A sealwort seed pretreatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting full sealwort seeds and removing peels;
putting the sealwort seeds without peel into disinfectant for disinfection;
putting the disinfected sealwort seeds into a seed coating agent, stirring and soaking;
uniformly mixing 5-10mg/L ABT rooting powder aqueous solution, 10-20mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution and 100-200mg/L carbendazim aqueous solution in equal volume, and mixing the fine sand with the obtained mixed solution to wet, wherein the humidity is controlled at 30-50%;
storing the soaked polygonatum seeds and fine sand in a shade place according to the proportion of 1: 3, and controlling the temperature to be about 3-5 ℃;
seeds stored for 90 days are spread on a culture medium, and a layer of the culture medium is covered on the seeds for germination acceleration.
2. The sealwort seed pretreatment method according to claim 1, characterized by:
the method for disinfecting the sealwort seeds without peel comprises the following steps:
soaking the pericarp-removed seed in 70% ethanol for 1min, soaking the pericarp-removed seed in 8% NaClO in 5-6 drops of Tween mixed liquid for 5-10min, washing with sterile distilled water for 4-5 times, and adding 0.1% of HgCl 2 Adding 5-6 drops of Tween, and soaking for 5-10min.
3. The sealwort seed pretreatment method according to claim 1, characterized by:
before putting the sealwort seed without peel into disinfectant for disinfection, after removing peel, the method also comprises the following steps:
and providing a screening machine, and placing the clean seeds with the peel taken out on the screening machine for screening to obtain the clean seeds with full particles.
4. The method for pretreating polygonatum sibiricum seeds according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the culture medium is one or a mixture of fermented rice chaff, rotten leaves or other loose nutrient substrates.
5. The sealwort seed pretreatment method according to claim 1, characterized by:
the soaked polygonatum seeds and fine sand are placed in a shade for storage according to the proportion of 1 to 3, and the temperature is controlled to be about 3-5 ℃, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
mixing 5-7 rhizoma Polygonati seeds per cubic centimeter with wet fine sand, storing in shade, watering periodically, keeping humidity at 40%, and storing for 3 months.
CN202211278901.8A 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Polygonatum sibiricum seed pretreatment method Pending CN115428614A (en)

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