CN113079741A - Rapid seedling growing method for polygonatum cyrtonema - Google Patents
Rapid seedling growing method for polygonatum cyrtonema Download PDFInfo
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- CN113079741A CN113079741A CN202110483003.5A CN202110483003A CN113079741A CN 113079741 A CN113079741 A CN 113079741A CN 202110483003 A CN202110483003 A CN 202110483003A CN 113079741 A CN113079741 A CN 113079741A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly growing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema, which comprises the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing; the soaking solution consists of 2-3 parts of gibberellin, 2-3 parts of kinetin, 1-2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 180-200 parts of water; the probiotic disinfectant comprises composite bacteria powder and warm water, wherein the composite bacteria powder is prepared by compounding 1-3 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 1-3 parts of bacillus powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder and 1-3 parts of bifidobacterium powder; and the probiotics culture solution is also arranged, so that the survival rate of the seeds in the stages of germination, budding, seedling emergence, rooting and transplanting is greatly improved, and the yield of the polygonatum is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polygonatum cyrtonema planting and cultivating, and particularly relates to a rapid seedling growing method of polygonatum cyrtonema.
Background
Polygonatum cyrtonema is a Chinese herbal medicine plant, but Polygonatum cyrtonema is large in fruit and not easy to be sown with wind blowing, so that the Polygonatum cyrtonema usually grows in an aggregation manner, but seeds of the Polygonatum cyrtonema are too thick and have harsh germination conditions, so that the yield is not high, the existing Polygonatum cyrtonema has the problem of low germination rate in the artificial planting process and is high in storage cost, and therefore, the method for quickly growing seedlings of Polygonatum cyrtonema is provided for solving the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for quickly culturing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema includes the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing;
wherein in the first step, the fruit fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema single plant which grows strongly and has no plant diseases and insect pests, and collecting mature fruits;
2) sealing and fermenting the fruits for 10 days by using a plastic bag, after the fruits are fermented to be mature, peeling seeds and pulp, cleaning and drying in the shade, and peeling the pulp and the seeds of the polygonatum cyrtonema by adopting a mode of rinsing with clear water and manual rubbing or mechanical roller rubbing;
wherein in the second step, the sterilizing and freezing comprises the following steps:
1) selecting full polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using screening equipment, soaking and disinfecting the seeds for 8 hours by using carbendazim, taking out the seeds, soaking the seeds for 0.5 to 1min by using 10 percent sulfuric acid water solution, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds clean;
2) putting polygonatum cyrtonema seeds into a freeze dryer, freezing at the temperature of minus 34 ℃, freeze-drying until the water content is 14%, adding activated carbon accounting for 15-20% of the seeds into the dried seeds, and storing;
wherein in the third step, the accelerating germination and disinfection comprises the following steps:
1) taking the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds out from the bottom of 11 months to the bottom of 12 months, and soaking the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a soaking solution for 1.5 to 2 hours, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of gibberellin, 2-3 parts of kinetin, 1-2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 180-200 parts of water;
2) uniformly mixing Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and wet sand according to the ratio of 1: 3, wherein the humidity of the wet sand is 30%, and the environmental temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and accelerating germination;
3) cleaning the seed sprouts after germination acceleration, wherein the cleaning method comprises the steps of elutriating for 3 times by using a 5% detergent solution, washing for 4 hours by using running water, sterilizing for 1-2 times by using 75% ethanol for 30s, sterilizing for 10-15 min by using a 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and finally cleaning for 3-5 times by using clear water;
in the fourth step, the treated seed buds are sowed into a seedling raising field in 2 months next year, the sowing depth is 1.5cm, the sowing quantity is 29.4g/m2, the seedbed cover is a sunshade net, soil in the seedling raising field is watered thoroughly, and the growth condition of the seed buds is observed in time;
in the fifth step, after the seed buds are planted for 45-50 days, a rooting solution is sprayed on the surface of the seed buds every day, probiotic disinfectant is sprayed after 5-6 hours, water is supplemented, weeding and disease prevention are carried out timely, the humidity of the substrate in the seedling raising field is kept at 30-40%, and seedling emergence and field planting can be carried out after autumn of the current year or spring of the next year.
As a further scheme of the invention, in the step two 1), the soaked polygonatum cyrtonema seeds are washed clean by clear water for 3-5 times.
As a further scheme of the invention, in the step three 1), the concentrations of the components of the soak solution are 300mg/L gibberellin, 300mg/L kinetin and 0.5-1 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid respectively.
In the fourth step, 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 0.5-1 mg/L of 6-benzylamino adenine are sprayed in the seedling raising field.
In the fifth step, the rooting solution is prepared by compounding 1-3 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 1-3 parts of adenylate cyclase and 150-180 parts of water, wherein the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 1-2mg/L, and the concentration of the adenylate cyclase is 0.1%.
As a further scheme of the invention, in the fifth step, the probiotic disinfectant is formed by diluting composite bacteria powder and warm water according to the ratio of 1: 200, the temperature of the warm water for diluting the disinfectant is 25-30 ℃, the composite bacteria powder is formed by compounding 1-3 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 1-3 parts of bacillus powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder and 1-3 parts of bifidobacterium powder, and the probiotic disinfectant can secrete auxin, cytokinin and other phytohormones and enzymes, regulate and control the metabolism of the bud seedlings, promote the growth of stems and leaves of the bud seedlings, inhibit the growth and propagation of harmful microorganisms such as mildew and germs, and effectively prevent the phenomena of root burning, bud rotting and the like.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling method, which has the following beneficial effects:
the method utilizes 10% sulfuric acid water solution to pretreat seeds to thin seed coats, and freeze-dries polygonatum cyrtonema seeds, so that the water balance in the seeds is kept, the death of germs or the consumption of more nutrition of the germs in the storage process are avoided, the porosity of the seed coats is increased while the storage cost is reduced, the growth of the germs is promoted, and the germination of the sowed seeds is accelerated; and the probiotics culture solution is also arranged, so that the survival rate of the seeds in the stages of germination, budding, seedling emergence, rooting and transplanting is greatly improved, and the yield of the polygonatum is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the finishing step of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
example 1:
a method for quickly culturing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema includes the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing;
wherein in the first step, the fruit fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema single plant which grows strongly and has no plant diseases and insect pests, and collecting mature fruits;
2) sealing and fermenting the fruits for 10 days by using a plastic bag, after the fruits are fermented to be mature, peeling seeds and pulp, cleaning and drying in the shade, and peeling the pulp and the seeds of the polygonatum cyrtonema by adopting a mode of rinsing with clear water and manual rubbing or mechanical roller rubbing;
wherein in the second step, the sterilizing and freezing comprises the following steps:
1) selecting full Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using screening equipment, soaking and disinfecting the seeds for 8 hours by using carbendazim, taking out the seeds, soaking the seeds for 0.5min by using 10% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
2) putting polygonatum cyrtonema seeds into a freeze dryer, freezing at the temperature of minus 34 ℃, freeze-drying until the water content is 14%, adding active carbon with the amount of 17% of the seed amount into the dried seeds, and storing;
wherein in the third step, the accelerating germination and disinfection comprises the following steps:
1) taking out Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds from the bottom of 11 months to the bottom of 12 months, and soaking the Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a soaking solution for 2 hours, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of kinetin, 2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 200 parts of water, wherein the concentration of each component of the soaking solution is 300mg/L of gibberellin, 300mg/L of kinetin and 2mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid respectively;
2) uniformly mixing Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and wet sand according to the ratio of 1: 3, wherein the humidity of the wet sand is 30%, and the environmental temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and accelerating germination;
3) cleaning the seed sprouts after germination acceleration, wherein the cleaning method comprises the steps of elutriating for 3 times by using a 5% detergent solution, washing for 4 hours by using running water, sterilizing for 2 times, sterilizing for 30s by using 75% ethanol, sterilizing for 10min by using a 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and finally cleaning for 4 times by using clear water;
in the fourth step, the treated seed buds are sown in a seedling raising field 2 months next year, 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 1mg/L of 6-benzylamino adenine are sprayed in the seedling raising field, the sowing depth is 1.5cm, the sowing amount is 29.4g/m2, a seedbed cover is a sunshade net, the soil in the seedling raising field is watered thoroughly, and the growth condition of the seed buds is observed in time;
in the fifth step, after the seed buds are planted for 45-50 days, a rooting solution is sprayed on the surface of the seed buds every day, the rooting solution is formed by compounding 1 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1 part of adenylate cyclase and 150 parts of water, the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 1mg/L, the concentration of the adenylate cyclase is 0.1%, probiotic disinfectant is sprayed after 6 hours, the probiotic disinfectant is formed by diluting composite bacteria powder and warm water according to the proportion of 1: 200, the temperature of the warm water for diluting the disinfectant is 25 ℃, the composite bacteria powder is formed by compounding 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 2 parts of bacillus powder, 2 parts of yeast powder and 2 parts of bifidobacterium powder, water is timely supplemented, weed and diseases are prevented, the humidity of the substrate in the seedling raising field is kept to be 30-40%, and seedling planting can be realized after autumn of the current year or spring of the next year.
Example 2:
a method for quickly culturing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema includes the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing;
wherein in the first step, the fruit fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema single plant which grows strongly and has no plant diseases and insect pests, and collecting mature fruits;
2) sealing and fermenting the fruits for 10 days by using a plastic bag, after the fruits are fermented to be mature, peeling seeds and pulp, cleaning and drying in the shade, and peeling the pulp and the seeds of the polygonatum cyrtonema by adopting a mode of rinsing with clear water and manual rubbing or mechanical roller rubbing;
wherein in the second step, the sterilizing and freezing comprises the following steps:
1) selecting full Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using screening equipment, soaking and disinfecting the seeds for 8 hours by using carbendazim, taking out the seeds, soaking the seeds for 1min by using 10% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
2) putting polygonatum cyrtonema seeds into a freeze dryer, freezing at the temperature of minus 34 ℃, freeze-drying until the water content is 14%, adding active carbon with the amount of 17% of the seed amount into the dried seeds, and storing;
wherein in the third step, the accelerating germination and disinfection comprises the following steps:
1) taking out Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds from the bottom of 11 months to the bottom of 12 months, and soaking the Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a soaking solution for 2 hours, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of kinetin, 1 part of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 200 parts of water, wherein the concentration of each component of the soaking solution is 300mg/L of gibberellin, 300mg/L of kinetin and 2mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid respectively;
2) uniformly mixing Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and wet sand according to the ratio of 1: 3, wherein the humidity of the wet sand is 30%, and the environmental temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and accelerating germination;
3) cleaning the seed sprouts after germination acceleration, wherein the cleaning method comprises the steps of elutriating for 3 times by using a 5% detergent solution, washing for 4 hours by using running water, sterilizing for 2 times, sterilizing for 30s by using 75% ethanol, sterilizing for 10min by using a 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and finally cleaning for 4 times by using clear water;
in the fourth step, the treated seed buds are sown in a seedling raising field 2 months next year, 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 1mg/L of 6-benzylamino adenine are sprayed in the seedling raising field, the sowing depth is 1.5cm, the sowing amount is 29.4g/m2, a seedbed cover is a sunshade net, the soil in the seedling raising field is watered thoroughly, and the growth condition of the seed buds is observed in time;
in the fifth step, after the seed buds are planted for 45-50 days, a rooting solution is sprayed on the surface of the seed buds every day, the rooting solution is formed by compounding 1 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1 part of adenylate cyclase and 150 parts of water, the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 1mg/L, the concentration of the adenylate cyclase is 0.1%, probiotic disinfectant is sprayed after 6 hours, the probiotic disinfectant is formed by diluting composite bacteria powder and warm water according to the proportion of 1: 200, the temperature of the warm water for diluting the disinfectant is 25 ℃, the composite bacteria powder is formed by compounding 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 2 parts of bacillus powder, 2 parts of yeast powder and 2 parts of bifidobacterium powder, water is timely supplemented, weed and diseases are prevented, the humidity of the substrate in the seedling raising field is kept to be 30-40%, and seedling planting can be realized after autumn of the current year or spring of the next year.
Example 3:
a method for quickly culturing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema includes the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing;
wherein in the first step, the fruit fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema single plant which grows strongly and has no plant diseases and insect pests, and collecting mature fruits;
2) sealing and fermenting the fruits for 10 days by using a plastic bag, after the fruits are fermented to be mature, peeling seeds and pulp, cleaning and drying in the shade, and peeling the pulp and the seeds of the polygonatum cyrtonema by adopting a mode of rinsing with clear water and manual rubbing or mechanical roller rubbing;
in the second step, selecting full Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using screening equipment, soaking and disinfecting the seeds for 8 hours by using carbendazim, taking out the seeds, soaking the seeds for 0.5 to 1min by using 10 percent sulfuric acid water solution, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
wherein in the third step, the accelerating germination and disinfection comprises the following steps:
1) taking out Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds from the bottom of 11 months to the bottom of 12 months, and soaking the Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a soaking solution for 2 hours, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of kinetin, 1 part of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 200 parts of water, wherein the concentration of each component of the soaking solution is 300mg/L of gibberellin, 300mg/L of kinetin and 2mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid respectively;
2) uniformly mixing Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and wet sand according to the ratio of 1: 3, wherein the humidity of the wet sand is 30%, and the environmental temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and accelerating germination;
3) cleaning the seed sprouts after germination acceleration, wherein the cleaning method comprises the steps of elutriating for 3 times by using a 5% detergent solution, washing for 4 hours by using running water, sterilizing for 2 times, sterilizing for 30s by using 75% ethanol, sterilizing for 10min by using a 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and finally cleaning for 4 times by using clear water;
in the fourth step, the treated seed buds are sown in a seedling raising field 2 months next year, 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 1mg/L of 6-benzylamino adenine are sprayed in the seedling raising field, the sowing depth is 1.5cm, the sowing amount is 29.4g/m2, a seedbed cover is a sunshade net, the soil in the seedling raising field is watered thoroughly, and the growth condition of the seed buds is observed in time;
in the fifth step, after the seed buds are planted for 45-50 days, a rooting solution is sprayed on the surface of the seed buds every day, the rooting solution is formed by compounding 1 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1 part of adenylate cyclase and 150 parts of water, the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 1mg/L, the concentration of the adenylate cyclase is 0.1%, probiotic disinfectant is sprayed after 6 hours, the probiotic disinfectant is formed by diluting composite bacteria powder and warm water according to the proportion of 1: 200, the temperature of the warm water for diluting the disinfectant is 25 ℃, the composite bacteria powder is formed by compounding 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 2 parts of bacillus powder, 2 parts of yeast powder and 2 parts of bifidobacterium powder, water is timely supplemented, weed and diseases are prevented, the humidity of the substrate in the seedling raising field is kept to be 30-40%, and seedling planting can be realized after autumn of the current year or spring of the next year.
Comparative example:
a method for quickly culturing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema includes the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing;
wherein in the first step, the fruit fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema single plant which grows strongly and has no plant diseases and insect pests, and collecting mature fruits;
2) sealing and fermenting the fruits for 10 days by using a plastic bag, after the fruits are fermented to be mature, peeling seeds and pulp, cleaning and drying in the shade, and peeling the pulp and the seeds of the polygonatum cyrtonema by adopting a mode of rinsing with clear water and manual rubbing or mechanical roller rubbing;
in the second step, selecting full Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using screening equipment, soaking and disinfecting the seeds for 8 hours by using carbendazim, taking out the seeds, soaking the seeds in clear water with the same mass as a 10% sulfuric acid aqueous solution for 0.5-1 min, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds for 4 times by using clear water;
wherein in the third step, the accelerating germination and disinfection comprises the following steps:
1) taking out Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds from the bottom of 11 months to the bottom of 12 months, and soaking the Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a soaking solution for 2 hours, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of kinetin, 1 part of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 200 parts of water, wherein the concentration of each component of the soaking solution is 300mg/L of gibberellin, 300mg/L of kinetin and 2mg/L of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid respectively;
2) uniformly mixing Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and wet sand according to the ratio of 1: 3, wherein the humidity of the wet sand is 30%, and the environmental temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and accelerating germination;
3) cleaning the seed sprouts after germination acceleration, wherein the cleaning method comprises the steps of elutriating for 3 times by using a 5% detergent solution, washing for 4 hours by using running water, sterilizing for 2 times, sterilizing for 30s by using 75% ethanol, sterilizing for 10min by using a 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and finally cleaning for 4 times by using clear water;
in the fourth step, the treated seed buds are sown in a seedling raising field 2 months next year, 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 1mg/L of 6-benzylamino adenine are sprayed in the seedling raising field, the sowing depth is 1.5cm, the sowing amount is 29.4g/m2, a seedbed cover is a sunshade net, the soil in the seedling raising field is watered thoroughly, and the growth condition of the seed buds is observed in time;
in the fifth step, after the seed buds are planted for 45-50 days, a rooting solution is sprayed on the surface of the seed buds every day, the rooting solution is formed by compounding 1 part of naphthylacetic acid, 1 part of adenylate cyclase and 150 parts of water, the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 1mg/L, the concentration of the adenylate cyclase is 0.1%, probiotic disinfectant is sprayed after 6 hours, the probiotic disinfectant is formed by diluting composite bacteria powder and warm water according to the proportion of 1: 200, the temperature of the warm water for diluting the disinfectant is 25 ℃, the composite bacteria powder is formed by compounding 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 2 parts of bacillus powder, 2 parts of yeast powder and 2 parts of bifidobacterium powder, water is timely supplemented, weed and diseases are prevented, the humidity of the substrate in the seedling raising field is kept to be 30-40%, and seedling planting can be realized after autumn of the current year or spring of the next year.
Selecting A, B, C, D four groups of full polygonatum cyrtonema seeds with the same quantity, respectively processing according to each embodiment and a comparison example, wherein each group of A and B groups comprises 300 grains, each group of C groups comprises 600 grains, the grains are divided into two groups which are respectively marked as C1 and C2, each group of D groups comprises 900 grains, the grains are divided into three groups which are respectively marked as D1, D2 and D3, the seeds are cultured under the conditions of 25 ℃ and 16h illumination and 1200lx illumination, and the data records are as follows:
based on the above, the optimal condition of soaking for 1min by using 10% sulfuric acid aqueous solution can obviously improve the germination rate, shorten the germination period and be beneficial to subsequent rooting and seedling emergence; the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds are subjected to freeze drying, so that the necrosis rate of the seeds is reduced, and the storage cost is reduced; the probability of seed bud necrosis can be reduced by using the probiotic disinfectant, the germination rate is further improved, and meanwhile, the transplanting survival rate is also greatly improved, so that the probiotic disinfectant is beneficial to popularization and use.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quickly culturing seedlings of polygonatum cyrtonema includes the following steps of firstly, fermenting fruits; step two, sterilizing and freezing; step three, soaking for accelerating germination; step four, breeding seedlings quickly; fifthly, rooting and sterilizing; the method is characterized in that:
wherein in the first step, the fruit fermentation comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-quality polygonatum cyrtonema single plant which grows strongly and has no plant diseases and insect pests, and collecting mature fruits;
2) sealing and fermenting the fruits for 10 days by using a plastic bag, and after the fruits are fermented to be mature, peeling the seeds and the pulps, cleaning and drying in the shade;
wherein in the second step, the sterilizing and freezing comprises the following steps:
1) selecting full polygonatum cyrtonema seeds by using screening equipment, soaking and disinfecting the seeds for 8 hours by using carbendazim, taking out the seeds, soaking the seeds for 0.5 to 1min by using 10 percent sulfuric acid water solution, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds clean;
2) putting polygonatum cyrtonema seeds into a freeze dryer, freezing at the temperature of minus 34 ℃, freeze-drying until the water content is 14%, adding activated carbon accounting for 15-20% of the seeds into the dried seeds, and storing;
wherein in the third step, the accelerating germination and disinfection comprises the following steps:
1) taking the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds out from the bottom of 11 months to the bottom of 12 months, and soaking the polygonatum cyrtonema seeds in a soaking solution for 1.5 to 2 hours, wherein the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of gibberellin, 2-3 parts of kinetin, 1-2 parts of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 180-200 parts of water;
2) uniformly mixing Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds and wet sand according to the ratio of 1: 3, wherein the humidity of the wet sand is 30%, and the environmental temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and accelerating germination;
3) cleaning the seed buds after germination acceleration, sterilizing the seed buds for 1-2 times, sterilizing the seed buds for 30s by using 75% ethanol, sterilizing the seed buds for 10-15 min by using 0.1% mercuric chloride solution, and finally cleaning the seed buds for 3-5 times by using clear water;
wherein in the fourth step, the treated seed buds are sowed in the seedling raising field in 2 months next year, the sowing depth is 1.5cm, and the sowing quantity is 29.4g/m2The seedbed cover is a sunshade net, soil in the seedling raising field is watered thoroughly, and the growth condition of the seed buds is observed in time;
in the fifth step, after the seed buds are planted for 45-50 days, a rooting solution is sprayed on the surface of the seed buds every day, probiotic disinfectant is sprayed after 5-6 hours, water is supplemented, weeding and disease prevention are carried out in time, and seedling emergence and field planting can be carried out after autumn of the current year or spring of the next year.
2. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step one 2), the pulp and the seeds of the polygonatum cyrtonema are peeled by adopting a mode of rinsing with clear water and manual rubbing or mechanical stick rubbing.
3. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step two 1), the soaked polygonatum cyrtonema seeds are washed clean by clear water for 3-5 times.
4. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the third step 1), the concentration of each component of the soak solution is 300mg/L gibberellin, 300mg/L kinetin and 0.5-1 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.
5. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the third step 3), the cleaning method comprises elutriating for 3 times by using a 5% detergent solution and then washing for 4 hours by using running water.
6. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fourth step, 0.5mg/L of naphthylacetic acid and 0.5-1 mg/L of 6-benzylamino adenine are sprayed in the seedling raising field.
7. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fifth step, the rooting solution is prepared by compounding 1-3 parts of naphthylacetic acid, 1-3 parts of adenylate cyclase and 150-180 parts of water, wherein the concentration of the naphthylacetic acid is 1-2mg/L, and the concentration of the adenylate cyclase is 0.1%.
8. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fifth step, the probiotic disinfectant is prepared by diluting composite bacteria powder and warm water according to the proportion of 1: 200, wherein the composite bacteria powder is prepared by compounding 1-3 parts of photosynthetic bacteria powder, 1-3 parts of bacillus powder, 1-3 parts of yeast powder and 1-3 parts of bifidobacterium powder.
9. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 8, wherein: the warm water temperature for diluting the disinfectant is 25-30 ℃.
10. The polygonatum cyrtonema fast seedling growing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the fifth step, the humidity of the medium in the seedling raising field is kept at 30-40%.
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