CN115413649A - 一种血浆保存液、采血管以及其在ctDNA检测中的用途 - Google Patents
一种血浆保存液、采血管以及其在ctDNA检测中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种血浆保存液、采血管以及其在ctDNA检测中的用途,属于液体活检技术领域。包括:抗凝剂50‑200mg/ml、防腐剂50‑300mg/ml、醛淬灭剂10‑100mg/ml、细胞膜保护剂10‑80mg/ml、代谢抑制剂2‑35mg/ml、自由基捕获剂5‑50mg/ml、水。本发明中提供的血浆保存液能够有效地对采血样本进行保存,特别适用于ctDNA检测的样本处理过程,其具有存储时间长、避免ctDNA降解的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种血浆保存液、采血管以及其在ctDNA检测中的用途,属于液体活检技术领域。
背景技术
液态活检作为一种新兴的检测技术在肿瘤临床中的应用日趋成熟,已成为突变基因检测、动态监测、癌症早期筛查的重要手段。其中,基于血液的液态活检是最主要的研究方向,主要是对血液中的循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)、循环肿瘤细胞和外泌体进行基因检测。ctDNA(circulating tumor DNA,循环肿瘤DNA)是指人体血液循环系统中不断流动的携带一定特征(包括突变、重排、拷贝数异常、甲基化等)来自肿瘤基因组的DNA片段。ctDNA的主要来源包括:来自坏死的肿瘤细胞;来自凋亡的肿瘤细胞;循环肿瘤细胞;来自肿瘤细胞分泌的外排体。目前,CTDNA的检测主要基于两种特征信息:突变和甲基化。突变检测在靶向药的敏感性和抗耐药性方面具有一定的优势。而甲基化检测在早期诊断、预后监测以及后续的疗效判断方面具有一定的优势。
在临床中,由于实验条件等限制,无法在获得血液后的短时间内分离出血浆,通常容易导致血液中红细胞和白细胞破裂、cfDNA降解等问题,影响后续检测。因此,需使用添加特定保护成分的采血管进行血液样本采集,以有效减少细胞破裂和血浆cfDNA降解,使血液能够稳定保存和运输,避免对后续实验结果产生干扰。血液cfDNA保存成分通常包括抗凝剂、防腐剂、核酸酶抑制剂、代谢抑制剂、甲醛淬灭剂和细胞膜保护剂等。
另外,在现有的采血管中的保存液成分中,通常含有自由基成分,使得血液样品保存后会导致cfDNA的降解,进而使得存储后的样品无法较好地满足测序要求;为了解决该问题,通常会在保存液中加入一定量的自由基捕获剂,用于对保存液以及采血管中残留的自由基进行捕获固定,然而在采血管作为未使用的耗材在存储期间,所使用的自由基捕获剂会缓慢地与其它材料/原料中残留的自由基进行反应,导致其存储时间缩短,影响了其效期。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是:在进行用于ctDNA检测用的血浆样本的保存时,常规的存储试剂易导致cfDNA的降解,使得样本不能较好地满足ctDNA测序要求。
一种血浆保存液,包括:
抗凝剂50-200mg/ml、防腐剂50-300mg/ml、醛淬灭剂10-100mg/ml、细胞膜保护剂10-80mg/ml、代谢抑制剂2-35mg/ml、自由基捕获剂5-50mg/ml、水。
所述的抗凝剂是EDTA钾盐。
所述的防腐剂选自重氮烷基脲。
所述的醛淬灭剂是甘氨酸。
所述的细胞膜保护剂是海藻糖或山梨醇中的一种或两种的混合。
所述的代谢抑制剂是金精三羧酸或者二硫苏糖醇中的一种或两种的混合。
所述的自由基捕获剂选自酚类或者有机酸类中的一种或两种的混合。
所述的酚类是4-甲氧基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基氢醌、儿茶酚、2,6-二甲基苯醌、对硝基酚。
所述的有机酸类选自苯丙氨酸、水杨酸或者对苯二甲酸。
所述的代谢抑制剂是负载于热胀型温敏水凝胶中。
所述的代谢抑制剂的制备方法包括如下步骤:
按重量份计,将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺10-15份、丙烯酰胺20-30份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺5-10份、交联剂0.5-1份、引发剂0.1-0.3份,加水300-350份进行共聚反应,产物洗涤后干燥,得到干凝胶;
将干凝胶在含有自由基捕获剂的乙醇水溶液中浸泡,再减压干燥后,得到负载捕获剂的温敏凝胶。
交联剂是N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,所述的引发剂是过硫酸钾或者亚硫酸氢钠中的一种或两种的混合。
共聚反应是在15-25℃下反应10-60min,浸泡过程是室温下浸泡10-100h。
所述的干凝胶与乙醇水溶液的质量比1:3-5;自由基捕获剂在乙醇水溶液中的质量比5-10%;乙醇水溶液中乙醇占体积比30-50%。
一种采血管,其中装载有上述的血浆保存液。
上述的血浆保存液在用于制备ctDNA检测用样品中的用途。
有益效果
本发明中提供的血浆保存液能够有效地对采血样本进行保存,特别适用于ctDNA检测的样本处理过程,其具有存储时间长、避免ctDNA降解的优点;
通过添加二硫苏糖醇作为代谢抑制剂,减少ctDNA降低,使其能够稳定保存;
通过采用山梨醇作为细胞膜保护剂,有效地保证了血样细胞完整性,并减小了存储样本溶血情况的发生;
通过使用自由基捕获剂,有效避免了原料等引入的羟自由基对cfDNA的降解;
通过在灌装过程中将自由基捕获剂用热胀型温敏水凝胶负载,在低温条件下有效地将捕获剂封闭,避免货架存储期间与羟自由基的反应,待存储样本时进行释放,有效提高了货架期。
附图说明
图1是实施例1-9的采血管对血浆样品采血后的溶血率比较;
图2是实施例5、7、9的采血管在货架存储后进行采血后的cfDNA质量分析仪检测结果对比;
图3是实施例5、7、9的采血管在货架存储后进行采血后的DNA提取量比较;
具体实施方式
实施例1
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇15mg/ml。
实施例2
与实施例1的区别在于:二硫苏糖醇的浓度改为5mg/ml。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml。
实施例3
与实施例2的区别在于:未加入二硫苏糖醇。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml。
实施例4
与实施例2的区别在于:未加入金精三羧酸。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml。
实施例5
与实施例2的区别在于:还加入有山梨醇。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml、山梨醇15mg/ml。
实施例6
与实施例5的区别在于:还加入有对硝基酚。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml、山梨醇15mg/ml、对硝基酚20mg/ml。
实施例7
与实施例5的区别在于:还加入有苯丙氨酸。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml、山梨醇15mg/ml、苯丙氨酸20mg/ml。
实施例8
与实施例6的区别在于:自由基捕获剂是负载于温敏水凝胶中加入。
取N-异丙基丙烯酰胺1.0g、丙烯酰胺2.1g、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺0.7g、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.04g、过硫酸钾0.02g混合后,加30ml水稀释,并于20℃下水浴反应45min,产物用去离子水洗涤以去除未反应完的单体,减压干燥后,得到干凝胶;采用45%vol.的乙醇水溶液,加入对硝基酚至浓度12wt.%,再加入粉碎后的干凝胶至浓度25wt.%,浸泡20h后,减压蒸除溶剂,获得了负载了捕获剂的凝胶。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml、山梨醇15mg/ml、负载了捕获剂的凝胶80mg/ml,在4℃条件下混合均匀,并于10℃下保存。
实施例9
与实施例7的区别在于:自由基捕获剂是负载于温敏水凝胶中加入。
取N-异丙基丙烯酰胺1.1g、丙烯酰胺2.0g、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺0.8g、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.03g、过硫酸钾0.02g混合后,加35ml水稀释,并于20℃下水浴反应50min,产物用去离子水洗涤以去除未反应完的单体,减压干燥后,得到干凝胶;采用50%vol.的乙醇水溶液,加入对硝基酚至浓度10wt.%,再加入粉碎后的干凝胶至浓度20wt.%,浸泡24h后,减压蒸除溶剂,获得了负载了捕获剂的凝胶。
按照以下原料浓度,准备各组分原料,并配制成溶液:
EDTA-K3 100mg/ml、重氮烷基脲200mg/ml、甘氨酸40mg/ml、海藻糖20mg/ml、金精三羧酸0.5mg/ml、二硫苏糖醇5mg/ml、山梨醇15mg/ml、负载了捕获剂的凝胶90mg/ml,在4℃条件下混合均匀,并于10℃下保存。
以上实施例中所得到的血浆保存液加入至采血管中并包装,每管中加入量为1.5ml保存液;货架存储条件于15℃下;使用前,采集血液样本加入至采血管中,30-35℃下保存7天后,执行以下测试评估:
1、溶血率:测定414nm吸光度,评估血红蛋白相对浓度;
2、QIAmp试剂盒提取cfDNA后,Qubit测定DNA提取量;
采用的样本为6名健康人,计算结果取平均值。
实施例1-5中通过对不同的原料组成的情况下存储后溶血进行考察,经过7天的存储后,采血管照片如图1所示,可以看出,实施例5中通过加入山梨醇,可以显示提高保存液对血液样本的保存效果,其溶血率更低,同时可以获得更高的核酸提取量;经过7天的保存,由于白细胞的破裂的发生,DNA会出现释放的情况,会出现一定的核酸提取量升高的情况。另外,实施例6、7中通过加入自由基捕获剂,避免了存储样本后羟自由基对核酸的降解作用。
分别采用实施例5、7、9中的采血管于10-15℃存储60d后,进行同样的采血测试,采集样本30-35℃下保存7天,经过Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100进行cfDNA质量测定,如图2所示,从结果中可以看出,实施例5相对于实施例1来说,山梨醇的使用能够有效地避免cfDNA的降解,主峰面积明显提高;而实施例7和9中通过使用自由基抑制剂,也同样地避免了cfDNA的降解。cfDNA的提取量结果如下:
从表中可以看出,通过将自由基捕获剂负载于温敏材料中,可以有效地在低温条件下的存储过程中将其封闭,避免与其它原料中残留的羟自由基反应,而在装载样本后,在常温下对血液样品进行保存时,将捕获剂释放,能够使自由基捕获剂在血浆样品的保存时间内发挥作用,避免了DNA的分解,使样本中的核酸得到较好的保存。
Claims (10)
1.一种血浆保存液,其特征在于,包括:抗凝剂50-200mg/ml、防腐剂50-300mg/ml、醛淬灭剂10-100mg/ml、细胞膜保护剂10-80mg/ml、代谢抑制剂2-35mg/ml、自由基捕获剂5-50mg/ml、水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,所述的抗凝剂是EDTA钾盐;
所述的防腐剂选自重氮烷基脲;
所述的醛淬灭剂是甘氨酸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,所述的细胞膜保护剂是海藻糖或山梨醇中的一种或两种的混合;
所述的代谢抑制剂是金精三羧酸或者二硫苏糖醇中的一种或两种的混合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,所述的自由基捕获剂选自酚类或者有机酸类中的一种或两种的混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,所述的酚类是4-甲氧基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2-叔丁基氢醌、儿茶酚、2,6-二甲基苯醌、对硝基酚;
所述的有机酸类选自苯丙氨酸、水杨酸或者对苯二甲酸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,所述的代谢抑制剂是负载于热胀型温敏水凝胶中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,所述的代谢抑制剂的制备方法包括如下步骤:按重量份计,将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺10-15份、丙烯酰胺20-30份、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺5-10份、交联剂0.5-1份、引发剂0.1-0.3份,加水300-350份进行共聚反应,产物洗涤后干燥,得到干凝胶;将干凝胶在含有自由基捕获剂的乙醇水溶液中浸泡,再减压干燥后,得到负载捕获剂的温敏凝胶。
8.根据权利要求7所述的血浆保存液,其特征在于,交联剂是N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,所述的引发剂是过硫酸钾或者亚硫酸氢钠中的一种或两种的混合;
共聚反应是在15-25℃下反应10-60min,浸泡过程是室温下浸泡10-100h;
所述的干凝胶与乙醇水溶液的质量比1:3-5;自由基捕获剂在乙醇水溶液中的质量比5-10%;乙醇水溶液中乙醇占体积比30-50%。
9.一种采血管,其中装载有权利要求1所述的血浆保存液。
10.权利要求1所述的血浆保存液在用于制备ctDNA检测用样品中的用途。
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