CN115386061B - 一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用,具体涉及纺织印花技术领域。所述方法包括将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇、三羟甲基丙烷、MPEG1200、H12MDI和催化剂加入到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜内无空气后反应,制得聚氨酯预聚体;加入封端剂后反应,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;将所述封端聚氨酯预聚体加到乳化釜中,在20~30℃,快速搅拌加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液,再加入碳酸氢钠水溶液,搅拌,加去离子水,搅拌均匀,制得热反应水性聚氨酯树脂。本发明利用热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂制得的纯棉织物立体印花浆在加热过程中,封闭的异氰酸酯基(‑NCO)被释放出来,与纯棉织物上的羟基(‑OH)反应,可以与棉织物产生牢固的结合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印花技术领域,具体涉及一种纯棉织物立体印花用热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
纺织印花是在织物预定面积上进行局限染色的过程,其中包括制备色浆,显现和固色,以及加用增稠剂,以限定色浆牢固于织物的预定范围之内。纺织品印花一般以染料为主。技术工艺及配套设备比较复杂。因实用性的需要,纺织品丝网印花的色泽必须具有一定的坚牢度(不易褪色),同时它色泽变化大,所以浆料与色料一般要分别销售和储存,使用时按要求配成印花浆。大多印花形成的图案都是平面图案居多,而立体图案的形成,需要采用特殊配方的印花浆料,而市场上这种立体印花浆料并不多见。
目前的立体印花浆,通常是由热膨胀微胶囊粉或绒毛粉,粘合剂、其它助剂组成,所用的热膨胀微胶囊粉或绒毛粉是有机物,在加热膨胀过程中往往会因为过度膨胀造成所用粘合剂的强度降低、牢度降低,耐搓洗性能差。
另一类立体印花是在绒面革和麂皮绒的绒面上印制由聚氨酯树脂或聚氨酯树脂改性丙烯酸树脂制成的粘合剂,把绒面革和麂皮绒的绒压倒固定,形成立体效果的花形,这样的立体印花仅能在绒面织物上进行,有局限性。
而由高含量热反应性聚氨酯树脂,无机发泡剂,颜料色浆等制成的立体印花浆及用于纯棉织物立体印花未见报道。
发明内容
为此,本发明提供一种纯棉织物立体印花用热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法和应用,以解决现有技术中的立体印花浆,牢度低,耐搓洗性能差等问题,在纯棉织物上实现立体印花。
本发明发现由高含量热反应性聚氨酯树脂,无机盐发泡剂,颜料色浆等原料组成的产品,通过台版印花加工工艺,可以在纯棉织物上形成立体效果图案;适用于纯棉织物的立体印花加工整理。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
根据本发明的第一方面提供的一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤一,将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇、三羟甲基丙烷、MPEG1200、H12MDI和催化剂加入到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜内无空气后反应,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加入封端剂后反应,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将所述封端聚氨酯预聚体加到乳化釜中,在20~30℃,快速搅拌加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液,再加入碳酸氢钠水溶液,搅拌,加去离子水,搅拌均匀,制得热反应水性聚氨酯树脂
进一步的,所述步骤中,各组分按重量比为:聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇100~200份、MPEG1200 10~20份、三羟甲基丙烷3~5份、H12MDI 60~100份、催化剂0.02~0.06份、封端剂20~30份、碳酸氢钠6~8份、亚硫酸氢钠8~10份、去离子水150~300份。
进一步的,所述催化剂为醋酸二丁基锡。
进一步的,所述封端剂为甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯或丙烯酸羟乙酯。
进一步的,所述聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇数均分子量为3000。
进一步的,所述步骤一和步骤二中,反应的条件均为70~80℃反应4~5小时。
进一步的,所述步骤一中,所述步骤三中,加入碳酸氢钠水溶液,搅拌时间为20~40min。
根据本发明的第二方面提供的一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂,是由如上所述方法制备而成。
根据本发明的第三方面提供的一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂在制备用于纯棉织物立体印花浆中的应用。
进一步的,所述纯棉织物立体印花浆是将热反应水性聚氨酯树脂与颜料色浆和过硫酸钾混合后制得纯棉织物立体印花胶浆。
进一步的,所述热反应水性聚氨酯树脂100份、颜料色浆20份、过硫酸钾0.1份。
过硫酸钾有半衰期,要先用先配制立体印花胶浆,避免过硫酸钾失效。
本发明热反应性聚氨酯树脂含有碳酸氢钠、亚硫酸氢钠,在加热的条件下释放出二氧化碳、二氧化硫、使其胶浆在成膜过程中产生微孔发泡结构,使其体积增大,作为纯棉织物胶浆印花,可以形成立体图案。
本发明具有如下优点:
本发明利用热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂制得的纯棉织物立体印花浆在加热过程中,封闭的异氰酸酯基(-NCO)被释放出来,与纯棉织物上的羟基(-OH)反应,可以与棉织物产生牢固的结合,另外,胶浆中的乙烯基(-CH=CH2)在加热过程中,由过硫酸钾引发,产生自由基聚合反应,形成交联网络结构,使其胶浆的牢度和强度得到进一步的增强,膜感、胶感更强,本发明的纯棉织物立体印花浆中,热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂,含量高,抗拉伸,耐擦洗,使其制成的胶浆印花,立体感强,耐搓洗性能优。
本发明使用的无机发泡剂碳酸氢钠和亚硫酸氢钠,同时还是-NCO的封闭剂,可以有效的把-NCO封闭,使其在水中稳定。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是示例性的,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图引伸获得其它的实施附图。
本说明书所绘示的结构、比例、大小等,均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容,以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读,并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件,故不具技术上的实质意义,任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整,在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下,均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。
图1为本发明提供的一种利用实施例4的热反应水性聚氨酯树脂制备的纯棉织物立体印花胶浆,在蓝色纯棉牛津织物上的立体印花图。
图2为本发明提供的一种利用实施例4的热反应水性聚氨酯树脂制备的纯棉织物立体印花胶浆,在白色纯棉牛津织物上的立体印花图。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式,熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
MPEG1200:聚乙二醇单甲醚
H12MDI:氢化二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯
实施例1
本实施例提供热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
步骤一将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇(数均分子量3000)100份,MPEG1200 10份,三羟甲基丙烷3份,H12MDI 60份,醋酸二丁基锡0.02份,依次加到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜无空气,目的隔绝氧,在70℃反应5小时,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加丙烯酸羟乙酯20份,在70℃反应5小时,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将上述封端聚氨酯预聚体放到乳化釜中,而后降温至20℃,加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液(亚硫酸氢钠8份和去离子水12份配成的溶液),而后加碳酸氢钠水溶液(碳酸氢钠6份和去离子水54份配成的溶液),搅拌40分钟,加水84份搅拌均匀,制得热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
步骤一,将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇(数均分子量3000)200份,MPEG120020份,三羟甲基丙烷5份,H12MDI 100份,醋酸二丁基锡0.06份,依次加到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜无空气,目的隔绝氧,在80℃反应4小时,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯30份,在80℃反应4小时,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将上述封端聚氨酯预聚体放到乳化釜中,而后降温至30℃,加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液(亚硫酸氢钠10份和去离子水30份配成的溶液),而后加碳酸氢钠水溶液(碳酸氢钠8份和去离子水100份水配成的溶液),搅拌20分钟,加水170份搅拌均匀,制得热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
步骤一,将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇(数均分子量3000)150份,MPEG120015份,三羟甲基丙烷4份,H12MDI 77.8份,醋酸二丁基锡0.04份,依次加到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜无空气,目的隔绝氧,在75℃反应4.5小时,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯25份,在75℃反应4.5小时,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将上述封端聚氨酯预聚体放到乳化釜中,而后降温至25℃,加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液(亚硫酸氢钠9份和去离子水30份配成的溶液),而后加碳酸氢钠水溶液(碳酸氢钠7份和去离子水90份水配成的溶液),搅拌30分钟,加水120份,搅拌均匀,制得热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
步骤一,将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇(数均分子量3000)120份,MPEG120012份,三羟甲基丙烷3.5份,H12MDI 68.2份,醋酸二丁基锡0.03份,依次加到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜无空气,目的隔绝氧,在76℃反应4.5小时,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加丙烯酸羟乙酯21份,在76℃反应4.5小时,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将上述封端聚氨酯预聚体放到乳化釜中,而后降温至23℃,加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液(亚硫酸氢钠9.5份和去离子水25份配成的溶液),而后加碳酸氢钠水溶液(碳酸氢钠6.5份和去离子水80份水配成的溶液),搅拌35分钟,加水90份,搅拌均匀,制得热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法。
步骤一,将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇(数均分子量3000)130份,MPEG120016份,三羟甲基丙烷3.5份,H12MDI 74.6份,醋酸二丁基锡0.035份,依次加到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜无空气,目的隔绝氧,在75℃反应4.5小时,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加丙烯酸羟乙酯23份,在75℃反应4.5小时,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将上述封端聚氨酯预聚体放到乳化釜中,而后降温至24℃,加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液(亚硫酸氢钠8.6份和去离子水20份配成的溶液),而后加碳酸氢钠水溶液(碳酸氢钠6.8份和去离子水70份水配成的溶液),搅拌30分钟,加水120份,搅拌均匀,制得热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种纯棉织物立体印花胶浆的制备方法。
本实施例利用实施例1-5制备的热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂制备纯棉织物立体印花胶浆,具体数据见表1。
表1
各颜色具体为:
红色:凯宝牌红色浆(杭州凯丽化工有限公司)
绿色:凯宝牌绿色浆(杭州凯丽化工有限公司)
蓝色:凯宝牌蓝色浆(杭州凯丽化工有限公司)
橙色:凯宝牌橙色浆(杭州凯丽化工有限公司)
黄色:凯宝牌黄色浆(杭州凯丽化工有限公司)
将实施例1-5制备的热反应水性聚氨酯树脂100份与不同颜色的颜料色浆20份和过硫酸钾0.1份搅均匀,过滤后制得纯棉织物立体印花胶浆。
对比例1
采用粘合剂FS-460(辽宁恒星精细化工有限公司)100份,FS-20E(辽宁恒星精细化工有限公司):1.5份,红色颜料色浆(凯宝牌红色浆)20份,热膨胀微胶囊粉:JMU8009(浙江精迈高分子材料有限公司):3份,制成发泡印花浆。
试验例
织物:纯棉牛津织物
水洗设备:Wascator FOM71 CLS滚筒洗衣机
将实施例6制得的A-E五种纯棉织物立体印花胶浆和对比例1的立体印花浆进行织物印染:
纯棉织物→刮涂印花(80目台版印花版)→烘干(100~120℃,100~200s)→→焙烘(160~170℃,100~200s)取样检测。检测结果列入表2。
测试指标:
1.耐洗色牢度:按GB/T 3921.1-1997试验。
2.织物的耐摩擦色牢度测试:按GB/T 3920-1997试验,即纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度,按测定摩擦色牢度标准用干布、湿布往复直线摩擦,把原标准的评定摩擦布的沾色改为经一定次数摩擦后入水花纹是否清晰。
3.日晒牢度(级):根据GB/T8427-2008。
表2
结论:从表2可以看出,对比例1,在温水洗涤10次后,花型有破损即不完整,掉色、掉浆,干湿摩牢度仅能达到3级,与本专利有明显的差异,主要原因,一是本专利产品有与棉织物的羟基反应的-NCO基团,可以与棉织物产生化学反应,牢固的固定在棉织物上,而对比例1的粘合剂FS-460是丙烯酸树脂,没有与棉织物的羟基反应的基团,所以,相比而言,牢度差,易破损、易掉浆、掉色是必然的,二是因为,对比例1用的是有机物热膨胀微胶囊粉,热膨胀后会造成粘合剂FS-460的成膜强度降低,也是造成耐搓洗性能差的原因。
另外本专利产品有再反应的乙烯基基团,在引发剂、加热的条件下产生自由基聚合从而使其进一步交联,膜的的强度增加,固色能力加强,所以,干湿摩牢度达到4级,而FS-460没有这样的基团,就没有这样的反应,相比而言其强度、固色能力就差,所以干湿摩牢度也差。
日晒牢度,由于,日晒牢度与所用粘合剂的日晒抗氧化降解性能有关,本专利产品热反应性聚氨酯树脂的交联度高,抗氧化降解性能优,日晒牢度好,与丙烯酸树脂胶的抗日晒牢度相似。所以,本专利的日晒牢度与对比例1的日晒牢度相同。
尽管本专利的立体印花浆不含有任何热膨胀微胶囊粉、绒毛粉等热膨胀发泡剂,但是,本发明热反应性聚氨酯树脂含有碳酸氢钠、亚硫酸氢钠,在加热的条件下释放出二氧化碳、二氧化硫、使其胶浆在成膜过程中产生微孔发泡结构,使其体积增大,作为纯棉织物胶浆印花,可以形成立体图案,如图1和图2所示,图1和图2为利用实施例4的热反应水性聚氨酯树脂制备的纯棉织物立体印花胶浆,在纯棉牛津织物上的立体印花。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
步骤一,将聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇、三羟甲基丙烷、MPEG1200、H12MDI和催化剂加入到反应釜中,搅拌升温,并同时通氮气,保证反应釜内无空气后反应,制得聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤二,加入封端剂后反应,制得封端聚氨酯预聚体;
步骤三,将所述封端聚氨酯预聚体加到乳化釜中,在20~30℃,快速搅拌加入亚硫酸氢钠水溶液,再加入碳酸氢钠水溶液,搅拌,加去离子水,搅拌均匀,制得热反应水性聚氨酯树脂;
所述步骤中,各组分按重量比为:聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇 100~200份、MPEG1200 10~20份、三羟甲基丙烷 3~5份、H12MDI 60~100份、催化剂 0.02~0.06份、封端剂 20~30份、碳酸氢钠 6~8份、亚硫酸氢钠 8~10份、去离子水 150~300份;
所述封端剂为甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯或丙烯酸羟乙酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂为醋酸二丁基锡。
3.根据权利要求1所述热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述聚氧化丙烯醚三元醇数均分子量为3000。
4.根据权利要求1所述热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一和步骤二中,反应的条件均为70~80℃反应4~5小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中,加入碳酸氢钠水溶液,搅拌时间为20~40min。
6.一种热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂,其特征在于,是由权利要求1-5任一方法制备而成。
7.一种如权利要求6所述的热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂在制备用于纯棉织物立体印花浆中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述应用,其特征在于,所述纯棉织物立体印花浆是将热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂与颜料色浆和过硫酸钾混合后制得纯棉织物立体印花胶浆。
9.根据权利要求8所述应用,其特征在于,所述热反应性水性聚氨酯树脂 100份、颜料色浆 20份、过硫酸钾 0.1份。
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