CN115364167A - Traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115364167A CN115364167A CN202211201520.XA CN202211201520A CN115364167A CN 115364167 A CN115364167 A CN 115364167A CN 202211201520 A CN202211201520 A CN 202211201520A CN 115364167 A CN115364167 A CN 115364167A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary drug compositions, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis and a preparation method thereof, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20-30 parts of complete snakegourd fruit, 10-20 parts of weeping forsythia, 10-20 parts of Chinese angelica, 5-10 parts of green tangerine peel, 5-10 parts of tangerine leaf, 5-10 parts of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 10-20 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 10-20 parts of cowherb seed, 10-20 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 1-5 parts of radix bupleuri, 1-5 parts of liquorice and 10-20 parts of dandelion; wide raw material sources, low cost and high cure rate; the medicine has no residue, no adverse side effects, and is easy to be absorbed by milk cow. The invention takes the principles of clearing away heat and toxic material, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, relieving swelling and pain, activating blood and stimulating the menstrual flow, and promoting lactation and relieving swelling as the formula, has the obvious functions of sterilizing and detoxifying, improving the immunity of the organism, has obvious prevention and treatment effects on the mastitis of the dairy cows, is beneficial to improving the milk production quality of the dairy cows and improving the milk yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of veterinary drug compositions, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cow mastitis is a major infectious disease which jeopardizes the development of animal husbandry and food safety, particularly, in recent years, along with the change of environment and the abuse of antibiotics, various drug-resistant bacteria and even super bacteria appear, the morbidity and mortality of the cow mastitis caused by bacterial infection are increased year by year, the development of animal husbandry and the food safety are seriously jeopardized, and further, the human health is jeopardized. Cow mastitis is classified into clinical type and cryptogenic type. The clinical symptoms are: fever, swelling and pain in the breast area, reduced milk secretion, changed whey character, increased bacterial count, increased somatic cells, and multiple organ failure and even death in severe cases. The recessive type has no specific clinical manifestation, can be detected only by detecting somatic cells, milk yield and quality, but has a much higher cow suffering rate than the clinical type, causes further spreading of pathogenic microorganisms, can be converted into the clinical type under certain conditions, and has much higher actual loss than the clinical type.
The pathogenic bacteria which cause the mastitis of the dairy cattle can reach more than 140. According to clinical epidemiological data, pathogenic bacteria of cow mastitis in China are mainly escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus, and account for 91.4% of bacterial infection, wherein the escherichia coli accounts for 30%, the staphylococcus aureus accounts for 46%, and the streptococcus accounts for 40%. Coli can be classified into a plurality of serotypes based on the O antigen, and cow mastitis can be caused by one serotype of escherichia coli and can also be caused by a mixture of a plurality of serotypes of escherichia coli. The staphylococcus aureus is mainly staphylococcus aureus type 5 (also called as staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide serotype 5), staphylococcus aureus type 8 (also called as staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide serotype 8) and staphylococcus aureus type 336 (also called as staphylococcus aureus capsular polysaccharide serotype 336) (the three account for more than 95% of staphylococcus aureus infection), and is consistent with the current international reported infection strains, serotypes and epidemic trends. The streptococcus is mainly streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis (the three account for more than 92% of streptococcus infection), and is consistent with the current international reported infection strains, serotypes and prevalence trends.
The existing medicine for treating the cow mastitis has the disadvantages of complex preparation process, difficult material taking, expensive preparation raw material cost, high preparation cost, low cure rate for the cow mastitis, medicine residue in milk produced in the later stage of cream and side effect for human drinking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the existing medicine for treating cow mastitis proposed in the background technology is complex in preparation process, difficult in material taking, expensive in preparation raw material cost, high in preparation cost, low in cure rate of cow mastitis, residual in milk produced in the later stage of cream and side effect when people drink the milk.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating the mastitis of the dairy cattle comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20-30 parts of complete snakegourd fruit, 10-20 parts of weeping forsythia, 10-20 parts of Chinese angelica, 5-10 parts of green tangerine peel, 5-10 parts of tangerine leaf, 5-10 parts of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 10-20 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 10-20 parts of cowherb seed, 10-20 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 1-5 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 1-5 parts of liquorice and 10-20 parts of dandelion.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 10 parts of fructus forsythiae, 10 parts of angelica, 5 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 5 parts of tangerine leaf, 5 parts of bulbus fritilariae, 10 parts of radix rhapontici, 10 parts of cowherb seed, 10 parts of fructus liquidambaris, 1 part of radix bupleuri, 1 part of liquorice and 10 parts of dandelion.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 25 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 15 parts of fructus forsythiae, 15 parts of angelica, 7.5 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 7.5 parts of orange leaves, 7.5 parts of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15 parts of radix rhapontici, 15 parts of cowherb seed, 15 parts of fructus liquidambaris, 3 parts of radix bupleuri, 3 parts of liquorice and 15 parts of dandelion.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 30 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 20 parts of fructus forsythiae, 20 parts of angelica, 10 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 10 parts of tangerine leaf, 10 parts of bulbus fritilariae, 20 parts of radix rhapontici, 20 parts of cowherb seed, 20 parts of fructus liquidambaris, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 5 parts of liquorice and 20 parts of dandelion.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating the mastitis of the dairy cow as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following specific steps:
decocting: pouring fructus Trichosanthis, fructus forsythiae, radix Angelicae sinensis, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, folium Citri Gangerinae, bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, radix Rhapontici, semen Vaccariae, fructus Lipuidambaris, bupleuri radix, glycyrrhrizae radix and herba Taraxaci into clear water, cleaning with clear water, draining off water, pouring into container, adding clear water just over the medicine mixture, decocting with small fire with heating device, adding 12 times of clear water into the container after 1.5 hr, adding 10 times of clear water again after 1 hr, stopping heating when the paste yield is 15-25%, filtering with gauze, filtering to remove solid medicine, leaving liquid and standing for 10-14 hr;
concentration: when the liquid medicine is cooled, pouring the liquid medicine into the container, heating the liquid medicine by the heating device, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be 200-300 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the heating device to be 120-140 ℃ along with the increase of the consistency of the liquid medicine to gradually reduce steam, but needing to always keep the liquid medicine in a dense bubbling boiling state, stopping heating when the liquid medicine is concentrated to the state that each milliliter of the liquid medicine contains 0.8-1g of crude medicine, and cooling for later use;
and (3) filtering: taking a vacuum filtering device, arranging two layers of filter paper in the vacuum filtering device, and filtering the liquid medicine prepared in the concentration step through the vacuum filtering device to further remove impurities;
and (3) corrosion prevention: measuring the medicine after removing impurities in the filtering step, adjusting the Ph of the medicine to be 4.80-4.86, adding 1% sodium metabisulfite, preserving the medicine, and bottling and packaging to obtain the finished product of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid.
Preferably, in the decocting process, when decocting, big fire and then small fire are needed, the decoction is quickly boiled by the big fire, and then slowly decocted by effect, wherein the temperature of the big fire is controlled to be 200-240 ℃, and the temperature of the small fire is controlled to be 120-140 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid is prepared by a decoction method, and the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid has a reasonable formula and a simple preparation process; wide raw material sources, low cost and high cure rate; the medicine has no residue, no adverse side effects, and is easy to be absorbed by milk cow. The invention takes the principles of clearing away heat and toxic material, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, relieving swelling and pain, activating blood and stimulating the menstrual flow, and promoting lactation and relieving swelling as the formula principles, has the functions of obviously killing bacteria and detoxifying and improving the immunologic function of organisms, has obvious prevention and treatment effects on mastitis of dairy cows, is favorable for improving the milk production quality of the dairy cows and improving the milk yield, and in the aspect of the advantages of the formula, the pharmaceutical composition and the dosage thereof are prepared according to the principle of dialectical treatment of Chinese veterinarians, and the principles of clearing away heat and toxic material, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, relieving swelling and pain, activating blood and stimulating the menstrual flow, and promoting lactation and relieving swelling are taken as the formula principles. In the formula, fructus trichosanthis clears channels and purgation, dandelion clears heat and toxic materials, diminishes swelling and dissipates stagnation, fructus forsythiae clears heat and toxic materials, diminishes swelling and dissipates stagnation, angelica sinensis enriches blood and activates blood, pericarpium citri reticulatae viride regulates qi and dissipates stagnation, tangerine leaves sooth liver and promote qi circulation, reduces phlegm and dissipates stagnation, bulbus fritilariae reduces phlegm and eliminates carbuncle, radix rhapontici, detoxifies carbuncle, clears channels and purges, cowherb seed, activates blood and clears channels, purges and dissipates swelling, fructus liquidambaris dispels wind and activates collaterals, diuresis is performed and is passed through channels, radix bupleuri is used for treating and lifting yang qi, and liquorice clears heat and toxic materials, regulates the middle warmer and relieves urgency, harmonizes the medicines, and relieves toxicity and pungency of the medicines. The medicines are matched, so that internal heat is cleared, channels and collaterals are cleared, swelling is relieved, and stagnation is eliminated; simultaneously, the body function of the dairy cows is improved, the state of illness is relieved, and all symptoms can be relieved and cured after the sick dairy cows take the medicine; in the aspect of technological innovation, chinese medicinal preparations related to treating the mastitis of the dairy cows in national standards of national animal pharmacopoeia and veterinary medicines are powder, such as dandelion powder, angelica and astragalus milk rehabilitation powder, cattail and astragalus king powder and the like. After a large number of references of related documents and understanding of traditional Chinese medicine products for treating cow mastitis on the market, the research also mainly takes traditional Chinese medicine powder and traditional Chinese medicine extract injection as main materials. Although the preparation process of the powder is simple, the powder has the defects of low utilization rate of the medicine, unsatisfactory curative effect, large dosage and the like; the injection of the traditional Chinese medicine extract has complex process and higher production cost, and finally increases the burden of the breeding industry. The process of the traditional Chinese medicine oral preparation is relatively simple and convenient, and under the optimization and innovation of the inventor, the research improves the extraction rate of effective components, improves the utilization rate of the medicine and improves the curative effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating the mastitis of the dairy cattle comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20-30 parts of complete snakegourd fruit, 10-20 parts of weeping forsythia, 10-20 parts of Chinese angelica, 5-10 parts of green tangerine peel, 5-10 parts of tangerine leaf, 5-10 parts of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 10-20 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 10-20 parts of cowherb seed, 10-20 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 1-5 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 1-5 parts of liquorice and 10-20 parts of dandelion.
The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20 parts of complete snakegourd fruit, 10 parts of weeping forsythia, 10 parts of Chinese angelica, 5 parts of green tangerine peel, 5 parts of tangerine leaf, 5 parts of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 10 parts of cowherb seed, 10 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 1 part of Chinese thorowax root, 1 part of liquoric root and 10 parts of dandelion.
The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 25 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 15 parts of fructus forsythiae, 15 parts of angelica, 7.5 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 7.5 parts of orange leaves, 7.5 parts of bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae, 15 parts of radix rhapontici, 15 parts of cowherb seed, 15 parts of fructus liquidambaris, 3 parts of radix bupleuri, 3 parts of liquorice and 15 parts of dandelion.
The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 30 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 20 parts of fructus forsythiae, 20 parts of angelica, 10 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 10 parts of tangerine leaf, 10 parts of bulbus fritilariae, 20 parts of radix rhapontici, 20 parts of cowherb seed, 20 parts of fructus liquidambaris, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 5 parts of liquorice and 20 parts of dandelion.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating the mastitis of the dairy cow as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following specific steps:
decocting: pouring fructus Trichosanthis, fructus forsythiae, radix Angelicae sinensis, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, folium Citri Gangerinae, bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, radix Rhapontici, semen Vaccariae, fructus Lipuidambaris, bupleuri radix, glycyrrhrizae radix and herba Taraxaci into clear water, cleaning with clear water, draining off water, pouring into the container, adding clear water just over the medicinal mixture, decocting with small fire with a heating device, adding 12 times of clear water after 1.5 hr, adding 10 times of clear water again after 1 hr, stopping heating when the paste yield is 15-25%, filtering with gauze, filtering to remove solid medicine, and standing for 10-14 hr;
concentration: when the liquid medicine is cooled, pouring the liquid medicine into the container, heating the liquid medicine by a heating device, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be 200-300 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the heating device to be 120-140 ℃ along with the increase of the consistency of the liquid medicine to gradually reduce steam, but needing to always keep the liquid medicine in a dense bubbling boiling state, stopping heating when the liquid medicine is concentrated to contain 0.8-1g of crude medicine per milliliter, and cooling for later use;
and (3) filtering: taking a vacuum filtering device, arranging two layers of filter paper in the vacuum filtering device, and filtering the liquid medicine prepared in the concentration step through the vacuum filtering device to further remove impurities;
and (3) corrosion prevention: measuring the medicine after removing impurities in the filtering step, adjusting the Ph of the medicine to be 4.80-4.86, adding 1% sodium metabisulfite, preserving the medicine, and bottling and packaging to obtain the finished product of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid.
In the decocting process, big fire and then small fire are needed to be firstly carried out during each decocting, the decoction is quickly boiled by the big fire, and then the decoction is slowly carried out by the effect, wherein the temperature of the big fire is controlled to be 200-240 ℃, and the temperature of the small fire is controlled to be 120-140 ℃.
The clinical use method comprises the following steps:
the application method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid is that one bottle (530 ml/bottle) is taken once a day for each cow, 300-500ml of 50 ℃ white spirit is required to be added into the medicine for pouring and taking, and the medicine is continuously used for 1-3 days. Liniment (100 ml/bottle) can be added, one bottle at a time.
The administration route is oral administration, and the use is convenient.
The dosage of the oral liquid is high in absorption and utilization rate, and the dosage is reduced compared with the dosage of powder
The method adopts Chinese liquor for drenching, improves curative effect, and shortens treatment course. The traditional Chinese medicine holds that the wine is the smell of water and grain, pungent and sweet in taste, strong in nature and hot, fragrant and mellow in smell, enters heart and liver meridians, can ascend and disperse energy, and has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and activating blood, promoting medicine vigor, resisting cold and removing cold accumulation, and correcting odor and taste. The traditional Chinese medicine taken with wine or soaked in wine can moderate the cold property of the medicine to adjust the property and taste of the traditional Chinese medicine by means of the pungent and hot property of the wine, and the wine has the property of lifting and can guide the medicine to move upwards, so that the efficacy of the wine can quickly reach the channels of the whole body to enhance the effects of promoting blood circulation, dredging collaterals, dispelling wind and cold, and therefore the ancient method has the saying that the wine is the long of hundreds of medicines. Modern medical research considers that various effective components of traditional Chinese medicines, such as alkaloid, salt, glycoside, tannin, organic acid, volatile oil, etc., are easily dissolved in wine, and if the traditional Chinese medicines are taken with wine or soaked in wine, the effective components are more easily dissolved, and the curative effect can be improved. Therefore, the effect of the medicine for preventing and treating the cow mastitis can be better played by taking the medicine with wine during treatment, and the effect of twice the result with half the effort is achieved. The external traditional Chinese medicine liniment is combined with oral liquid for oral administration, so that the effect is better;
the current research situation of extracting the main effective components of each medicine is summarized by looking up the literature as follows:
the chemical components are the material basis of the medicinal effect of the decoction, but due to the complexity and instability of the chemical components, the research on the decoction compound is mainly to research the pharmacological action of the chemical components of each single Chinese medicament at present. Some of these components have significant biological activity and medical effects, and are often called active ingredients, such as alkaloids, glycosides, essential oils, terpenes.
The quality standards of the medicines in the study are as follows:
the data come from the two parts of the pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China
(1) And (3) fructus forsythiae: the effective components mainly comprise phillyrin, forsythoside, rutin, forsythiaside, volatile oil, etc.;
(1) phillyrin: studies of Cao Xiao Yan et al show that the average content of phillyrin in different parts of forsythia is: green-leaf forsythia (3.03%) > old-leaf forsythia (2.78%) > forsythia flower (0.73%) > green-leaf forsythia (0.22%) > old-leaf forsythia (0.19%);
ethanol reflux method: the ethanol concentration is 85%, the reflux frequency is 3, the reflux time is 60min, and the material-liquid ratio is 1-phillyrin average yield is 5.781%;
the content of phillyrin extracted by ultrasonic method is 6.76mg/g (0.676%).
(2) Volatile oil: extracting green fructus forsythiae by steam distillation, and determining respective preferable conditions through orthogonal experiment, namely the former is 12 times of water addition amount, the distillation time is 6h, the crushing degree is not crushed, and the oil recovery rate is 3.07% on average under the preferable conditions;
supercritical CO2 extraction, wherein the extraction pressure is 40MPa, the extraction temperature is 32 ℃, the separation pressure is 6.6MPa, the separation temperature is 30 ℃, the crushing degree is 2.0mm, and the average oil yield under the optimal conditions is 7.89%;
rong Wang et al extract fructus forsythiae by supercritical CO2 extraction-molecular distillation and separate volatile oil, with a volatile oil extraction rate of 4.23%.
(2) Dandelion: the main components are caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, oleanolic acid, taraxasterol, flavonoids, coumarins and polysaccharides, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, pectin and the like, wherein luteolin and glycosides thereof have the highest content. Caffeic acid has wide antibacterial and antiviral effects. Chlorogenic acid, total flavone and glycoside thereof can reflect the efficacies of dandelion in clearing heat, diminishing swelling, promoting urination and the like;
(1) dandelion extract: taking 70% ethanol as solvent, feeding according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1/25, and reflux-extracting for 2.5h under the condition of 100 deg.C water bath. The extraction rate under the optimal extraction condition is 19.97%, the bacteriostatic effect of the optimal dandelion extract on escherichia coli can reach 13.15mm, and the bacteriostatic effect on salmonella is 18.74mm. The experimental results show that the dandelion extract has obvious inhibition effect on bacteria;
(2) dandelion polysaccharide: the optimal extraction process of hot water leaching is that the ratio of material to water is 1, the temperature is kept at 80 ℃ for 3h, and the extraction is carried out for 2 times. As can be seen from stability, reproducibility and recovery rate experiments, the anthrone-concentrated sulfuric acid method is suitable for measuring the dandelion polysaccharide, and the dandelion root polysaccharide is measured to account for 52.06% of the dry weight of dandelion roots.
(3) Chinese angelica: mainly contains volatile oil, saccharides, amino acids, organic acid (ferulic acid), flavonoids, coumarins, vitamins, etc.;
(1) volatile oil: the volatile oil only accounts for about 0.62 percent of the total chemical components of the angelica, but has rich chemical components and wide pharmacological action;
the yield of extracting volatile oil from Hu's by a supercritical CO2 extraction method reaches 1.81 percent;
the Dong's, etc. adopts the dried root of Angelica sinensis produced in Gansu province, and utilizes a volatile oil extractor to directly extract the volatile oil in Angelica sinensis by conventional steam reflux method, the oil yield is 0.4%, wherein the component with the highest relative content of chemical components is ligustilide, which accounts for 57.81% of the total content;
zhouyonghong, etc. is extracted by normal pressure steam distillation for about 12 hours, the yield of volatile oil reaches 0.4 percent, the yield of volatile oil reaches 0.97 percent by ultrasonic extraction for 75min, and the yield of volatile oil in 100ml of cyclohexane reaches 1.04 percent by microwave extraction with the microwave power of 720W and the extraction time of 120 s.
(2) Ferulic acid: study of type of extracted ingredients of Angelica sinensis and correlation with extraction process "
TABLE 3 comparison of different extraction procedures for Angelica sinensis
Tab 3 Comparison of tbe different extract technologies for angelica
* Converted into ferulic acid extraction amount of 100g radix Angelicae sinensis
(3) Angelica polysaccharide: the angelica polysaccharide consists of D-galactose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid and the like, and accounts for 8.5 percent of the original dry medicinal materials. The angelica polysaccharide is separated and extracted by a water boiling and alcohol precipitation method. Removing liposoluble impurities from radix Angelicae sinensis with petroleum ether and diethyl ether, extracting with 85% ethanol to remove interference components such as monosaccharide, oligosaccharide and glycosides, and extracting with water and precipitating with ethanol to obtain crude polysaccharide with polysaccharide content of 11.92%. Zhang' jindong et al extract crude polysaccharide of radix Angelicae sinensis, which is obtained by decocting radix Angelicae sinensis in water and precipitating with ethanol, dissolving crude polysaccharide in distilled water, extracting with dilute alkali solution, exchanging with anion and cation mixed resin, and precipitating with ethanol. Although the obtained polysaccharide is crude polysaccharide, the content of the angelica polysaccharide is greatly improved to 77.59 percent. Experiments prove that pretreatment such as microwave, ultrasonic and the like can improve the yield of the polysaccharide. Therefore, the angelica polysaccharide can be extracted by firstly carrying out microwave and ultrasonic pretreatment and then carrying out water boiling and alcohol precipitation.
(4) And (3) complete snakegourd fruit: mainly contains grease and saponin organic acid, takes trichosanthes acid as the main component, and then is triterpene, a little flavone and a plurality of amino acids;
(1) and (3) trichosanthes saponin: according to the Korean phoenix research, the content of the trichosanthes saponin is 69.54%, and the final extraction rate is 0.947% under the optimal conditions that the ethanol concentration is 40%, the material-liquid ratio is 1: 25, the ultrasonic time is 50min and the ultrasonic power is 90W;
(2) and (3) snakegourd fruit polysaccharide: the crude trichosanthes polysaccharide product without protein and nucleic acid is obtained from trichosanthes peel by water extraction, deproteinization, dialysis and alcohol precipitation, and the yield is 0.9298%.
(5) Licorice root: the chemical components in licorice are relatively complex, and mainly comprise triterpenoid saponin compounds (glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid), flavonoid compounds (liquiritin and isoliquiritin), glycyrrhiza polysaccharide and the like;
(1) and (3) liquorice polysaccharide: liu bright valuable and the like adopt an orthogonal test to determine the optimal process for extracting the glycyrrhiza polysaccharide by water, the extract yield is 4.35 percent, the mass fraction of the polysaccharide is 45.03 percent, the process is feasible, and a basis is provided for the development and research of the glycyrrhiza active polysaccharide;
the preferred extraction process of glycyrrhiza polysaccharide from Zhao Chun Jian, etc. can obtain glycyrrhiza polysaccharide with average extraction rate of 5.40% and purity of 39.95%. Ultrasonic extraction of glycyrrhiza polysaccharide and glycyrrhizic acid from glycyrrhiza residue by using Japanese plum, etc., wherein the content of the polysaccharide and the content of the glycyrrhizic acid are respectively 2.329% and 6.562%, and the method is favorable for comprehensive utilization of glycyrrhiza resource;
(2) glycyrrhizic acid: general research on extraction and determination method of glycyrrhizic acid as effective component in licorice "
TABLE 1 comparison of glycyrrhizic acid crude product extraction methods
Based on the traditional orthogonal test method, the Lexijiajun and the like are optimized by an artificial neural network method, the optimized process conditions for extracting glycyrrhizic acid by ultrasonic are obtained, the extraction rate of the obtained crude product is 23.56%, the optimized process conditions can reduce the process cost and energy consumption, and the operability is better.
The technological parameters of ultrasonic extraction of glycyrrhizic acid are optimized for fruit peeling and the like, and compared with the traditional extraction method, the extraction rate of glycyrrhizic acid can reach 87.4% in 150min, and the advantages of less time consumption and high extraction rate of the ultrasonic extraction method are embodied.
Guo wen jing and the like research the ultrahigh pressure extraction process of glycyrrhizic acid, and save about half of solvent compared with the reflux method. By the process, the yield of the glycyrrhizic acid crude product can reach 11.71 percent, and the glycyrrhizic acid content in the crude product reaches 73.09 percent. The method is a novel efficient and energy-saving method suitable for quickly extracting glycyrrhizic acid from liquorice, and has a very wide prospect for industrial production of glycyrrhizic acid.
The optimal process for extracting the effective components of the liquorice by microwave comprises the following steps: using 70% ethanol as an extraction solvent, and mixing the raw materials in a proportion of 10:1 (mL/g) liquid-solid ratio, microwave high-fire irradiation for 4min, 3 times of extraction, 3.06% of glycyrrhizic acid extraction rate, 3.00% of licoflavone extraction rate, and the result is close to that of the hot reflux extraction method for 4 h.
(3) Licorice flavonoids: zeng Chaozhen et al extracted flavone from radix Glycyrrhizae by ultrasonic method through orthogonal test, with flavone extraction rate of 6.23%.
Ultrasonic extraction of isoliquiritigenin from Ural licorice root is carried out by Fuyujie et al, the extraction rate of isoliquiritigenin is 0.37 ‰, and the mass fraction of isoliquiritigenin in ultrasonic extraction extract is 0.55%.
(6) Bupleurum root: the bupleuri radix mainly contains saikosaponin (four kinds of saikosaponin a, b, c, d), sterol, volatile oil (saikosaponin, eugenol, etc.), fatty acid (oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, etc.), polysaccharide, etc. Also contains flavone, polyalcohol, coumarin, trace elements, etc.;
(1) bupleurum polysaccharide: the optimal extraction conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction are that the ultrasonic power is 360W, the ultrasonic time is 15min, and the material-liquid ratio is 1:35, the water bath temperature is 90 ℃, the water bath time is 1h, the extraction rate is 2.58%, the purity of the obtained bupleurum polysaccharide (SBP 0) is 44.14%, and compared with the traditional extraction method, the method not only saves the time, but also improves the extraction efficiency;
(2) saikosaponin: the best extraction process conditions of bupleurum are determined by orthogonal experiments of a water decoction extraction process by taking total saponins of bupleurum as an investigation index, such as the pulsatilla, and the like: maintaining pH at 8-9, soaking for 6 hr, extracting for 3 hr, and extracting for 2 nd time for 2 hr to obtain extraction rate of 0.883%.
Extracting bupleuri radix powder with 60% ethanol at a temperature below 55 deg.C, removing solvent from the filtrate, adding n-butanol into the slurry, and removing solvent at a temperature below 55 deg.C to obtain saponin powder, wherein the yield of total saponins of bupleuri radix is 1.1%, and the saponin powder is rich in saponin a, C, and D.
The best extraction process of the saikosaponin obtained by the study of cloaca and the like comprises the steps of taking bupleurum powder with the particle size of less than 180 mu m, adding 70% ethanol, and carrying out reflux extraction for 3 times at the temperature of 80 ℃, using 8 times of solvent, wherein the extraction rate can reach 2.90% each time for 1 hour.
The research of Zhulan, etc. obtains the extraction of bupleurumThe optimum process of the saponin a comprises the following steps: bupleuri radix coarse powder and 70% ethanol (1 ‰ Na) 2 CO 3 ) The extraction time was 2 hours, and the extraction rate was 6.65mg/g (0.665%).
Example 1:
the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific steps:
decocting: pouring fructus Trichosanthis, fructus forsythiae, radix Angelicae sinensis, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, folium Citri Gangerinae, bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, radix Rhapontici, semen Vaccariae, fructus Lipuidambaris, bupleuri radix, glycyrrhrizae radix and herba Taraxaci into clear water, cleaning with clear water, draining off water, pouring into the container, adding clear water just over the medicinal mixture, decocting with small fire with a heating device, adding 12 times of clear water after 1.5 hr, adding 10 times of clear water again after 1 hr, stopping heating when the paste yield is 15%, filtering with gauze, filtering out solid medicine, leaving liquid and standing for 10-14 hr;
and (3) concentrating: when the liquid medicine is cooled, pouring the liquid medicine into the container, heating the liquid medicine by the heating device, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be 200 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the heating device to be 120 ℃ along with the increase of the consistency of the liquid medicine to gradually reduce steam, but needing to always keep the liquid medicine in a dense bubbling boiling state, stopping heating when the liquid medicine is concentrated to contain 0.8g of crude medicine per milliliter, and cooling for later use;
and (3) filtering: taking a vacuum filtering device, arranging two layers of filter paper in the vacuum filtering device, and filtering the liquid medicine prepared in the concentration step through the vacuum filtering device to further remove impurities;
and (3) corrosion prevention: measuring the medicine after the impurities are removed in the filtering step, adjusting the Ph of the medicine to be 4.80, adding 1% sodium metabisulfite, performing corrosion prevention, and bottling and packaging to obtain a finished product of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid;
example 2:
the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific steps:
decocting: pouring fructus Trichosanthis, fructus forsythiae, radix Angelicae sinensis, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, folium Citri Gangerinae, bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, radix Rhapontici, semen Vaccariae, fructus Lipuidambaris, bupleuri radix, glycyrrhrizae radix and herba Taraxaci into clear water, cleaning with clear water, draining off water, pouring into the container, adding clear water just over the medicinal mixture, decocting with small fire with a heating device, adding 12 times of clear water after 1.5 hr, adding 10 times of clear water again after 1 hr, stopping heating when the paste yield is 20%, filtering with gauze, filtering out solid medicine, leaving liquid and standing for 12 hr;
concentration: when the liquid medicine is cooled, pouring the liquid medicine into the container, heating the liquid medicine by the heating device, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be 250 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the heating device to be 130 ℃ along with the increase of the consistency of the liquid medicine to gradually reduce steam, but always keeping the liquid medicine in a dense bubbling boiling state, stopping heating when the liquid medicine is concentrated to contain 0.9g of crude medicine per milliliter, and cooling for later use;
and (3) filtering: taking a vacuum filtering device, arranging two layers of filter paper in the vacuum filtering device, and filtering the liquid medicine prepared in the concentration step through the vacuum filtering device to further remove impurities;
and (3) corrosion prevention: measuring the medicine after the impurities are removed in the filtering step, adjusting the Ph of the medicine to be 4.83, adding 1% sodium metabisulfite, performing corrosion prevention, and bottling and packaging to obtain a finished product of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid;
example 3:
the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific steps:
decocting: pouring fructus Trichosanthis, fructus forsythiae, radix Angelicae sinensis, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, folium Citri Gangerinae, bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, radix Rhapontici, semen Vaccariae, fructus Lipuidambaris, bupleuri radix, glycyrrhrizae radix and herba Taraxaci into clear water, cleaning with clear water, draining off water, pouring into the container, adding clear water just over the medicine mixture, decocting with small fire by heating device, adding 12 times of clear water into the container after 1.5 hr, adding 10 times of clear water again after 1 hr, stopping heating when the paste yield is 25%, filtering with gauze, filtering to remove solid medicine, leaving liquid and standing for 14 hr;
and (3) concentrating: when the liquid medicine is cooled, pouring the liquid medicine into the container, heating the liquid medicine by the heating device, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be 300 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the heating device to be 140 ℃ along with the increase of the consistency of the liquid medicine to gradually reduce steam, but always keeping the liquid medicine in a dense bubbling boiling state, stopping heating when the liquid medicine is concentrated to contain 1g of crude medicine per milliliter, and cooling for later use;
and (3) filtering: taking a vacuum filtering device, arranging two layers of filter paper in the vacuum filtering device, and filtering the liquid medicine prepared in the concentration step through the vacuum filtering device to further remove impurities;
and (3) corrosion prevention: measuring the medicine after removing impurities in the filtering step, adjusting the Ph of the medicine to be 4.86, adding 1% sodium metabisulfite, performing corrosion prevention, and bottling and packaging to obtain the finished product of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid.
While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not to be construed as limiting the claims.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating the mastitis of the dairy cows is characterized by comprising the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20-30 parts of complete snakegourd fruit, 10-20 parts of weeping forsythia capsule, 10-20 parts of Chinese angelica, 5-10 parts of green tangerine peel, 5-10 parts of tangerine leaf, 5-10 parts of bulbus fritilariae, 10-20 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 10-20 parts of cowherb seed, 10-20 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 1-5 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 1-5 parts of liquorice and 10-20 parts of dandelion.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 20 parts of complete snakegourd fruit, 10 parts of weeping forsythia, 10 parts of Chinese angelica, 5 parts of green tangerine peel, 5 parts of tangerine leaf, 5 parts of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 10 parts of cowherb seed, 10 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 1 part of Chinese thorowax root, 1 part of liquoric root and 10 parts of dandelion.
3. The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 25 parts of snakegourd fruit, 15 parts of weeping forsythia, 15 parts of Chinese angelica, 7.5 parts of green tangerine peel, 7.5 parts of tangerine leaf, 7.5 parts of tendril-leaved fritillary bulb, 15 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 15 parts of cowherb seed, 15 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 3 parts of Chinese thorowax root, 3 parts of liquorice and 15 parts of dandelion.
4. The traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific raw material components in proportion: 30 parts of fructus trichosanthis, 20 parts of fructus forsythiae, 20 parts of angelica, 10 parts of pericarpium citri reticulatae viride, 10 parts of orange leaves, 10 parts of bulbus fritilariae, 20 parts of radix rhapontici, 20 parts of cowherb seed, 20 parts of fructus liquidambaris, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 5 parts of liquorice and 20 parts of dandelion.
5. A method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating the cow mastitis according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis comprises the following specific steps:
decocting: pouring fructus Trichosanthis, fructus forsythiae, radix Angelicae sinensis, pericarpium Citri Reticulatae viride, folium Citri Gangerinae, bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, radix Rhapontici, semen Vaccariae, fructus Lipuidambaris, bupleuri radix, glycyrrhrizae radix and herba Taraxaci into clear water, cleaning with clear water, draining off water, pouring into the container, adding clear water just over the medicinal mixture, decocting with small fire with a heating device, adding 12 times of clear water after 1.5 hr, adding 10 times of clear water again after 1 hr, stopping heating when the paste yield is 15-25%, filtering with gauze, filtering to remove solid medicine, and standing for 10-14 hr;
and (3) concentrating: when the liquid medicine is cooled, pouring the liquid medicine into the container, heating the liquid medicine by a heating device, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be 200-300 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the heating device to be 120-140 ℃ along with the increase of the consistency of the liquid medicine to gradually reduce steam, but needing to always keep the liquid medicine in a dense bubbling boiling state, stopping heating when the liquid medicine is concentrated to contain 0.8-1g of crude medicine per milliliter, and cooling for later use;
and (3) filtering: taking a vacuum filtering device, arranging two layers of filter paper in the vacuum filtering device, and filtering the liquid medicine prepared in the concentration step through the vacuum filtering device to further remove impurities;
and (3) corrosion prevention: measuring the medicine after removing impurities in the filtering step, adjusting the Ph of the medicine to be 4.80-4.86, adding 1% sodium metabisulfite, preserving the medicine, and bottling and packaging to obtain the finished product of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid.
6. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for treating cow mastitis according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in the decocting process, big fire and then small fire are needed to be firstly carried out during each decocting, the decoction is quickly boiled by the big fire, and then the decoction is slowly carried out by the effect, wherein the temperature of the big fire is controlled to be 200-240 ℃, and the temperature of the small fire is controlled to be 120-140 ℃.
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| CN101904977A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2010-12-08 | 葛德钜 | Medicament for treating mastitis and preparation method thereof |
| CN103405589A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-11-27 | 胡洪杰 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cow mastitis and preparation method thereof |
| CN104605067A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-13 | 广州至信中药饮片有限公司 | Breast beautifying tea and preparation method of tea |
| CN108785422A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-13 | 北京盈科瑞创新医药股份有限公司 | A kind of Chinese medicine composition and preparation method thereof for treating acute mastitis |
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| CN101904977A (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2010-12-08 | 葛德钜 | Medicament for treating mastitis and preparation method thereof |
| CN103405589A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-11-27 | 胡洪杰 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating cow mastitis and preparation method thereof |
| CN104605067A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-13 | 广州至信中药饮片有限公司 | Breast beautifying tea and preparation method of tea |
| CN108785422A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-11-13 | 北京盈科瑞创新医药股份有限公司 | A kind of Chinese medicine composition and preparation method thereof for treating acute mastitis |
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