CN115349581B - Feeding substrate and artificial feeding method for aphis palmaris - Google Patents
Feeding substrate and artificial feeding method for aphis palmaris Download PDFInfo
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- CN115349581B CN115349581B CN202211093757.0A CN202211093757A CN115349581B CN 115349581 B CN115349581 B CN 115349581B CN 202211093757 A CN202211093757 A CN 202211093757A CN 115349581 B CN115349581 B CN 115349581B
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- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 94
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000721621 Myzus persicae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
A feeding substrate and artificial feeding method of aphis palmaris, said feeding substrate of aphis palmaris, use highland barley as main raw materials to make; the invention also comprises an artificial breeding method of the aphis palmaris with the breeding matrix. The feeding substrate for the aphis palmifolia has low cost, simple acquisition and good feeding effect; the method is simple, and can be used for breeding a large amount of Aphis palmatina indoors so as to pollinate facility agriculture and field crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a feeding substrate and an artificial feeding method for aphis palmatina, in particular to a feeding substrate and a feeding method for aphis palmatina.
Background
Aphis palmaris et ZaibaEristalinus arvorum) Belongs to the genus Diptera (Diptera) Aphis aphis of the family Aphis aphidae (Syrphidae)EristalinusRondani, 1845) is a feeding aphis putrescentiae. Larvae feed on putrefying organic matters or livestock manure, and adults feed on pollen and nectar, which are important pollinating insects in nature. The development of the aphis palmae is divided into 4 stages of larva, pupa and adult, wherein the larva stage can be divided into 1-stage larva, 2-stage larva and 3-stage larva.
Aphid eating can be classified into predatory, decay and plant feeding types according to the feeding habits of larvae. In recent years, more research on artificial feeding of predatory aphids is carried out, for example, CN112471082A and CN112602860A disclose contents about artificial feeding and breeding of broadband eudipivorous aphids, and CN104255670A discloses a breeding method of black stripe aphids and application of pollinating cruciferous crops for seed production. However, artificial feeding of aphis putrescentialis has been hardly studied.
The adults of predatory aphids and putrescence aphids have the habit of flower visiting, and the larvae are quite different; the predatory aphid larvae are provided with sucking mouthparts to suck the juice of aphids to obtain nutrition, and the mouthparts of the predatory aphid larvae are different from the predatory aphid larvae and cannot predate the aphids.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects in the prior art and providing a feeding substrate and an artificial feeding method for the aphis palmaris, which can realize mass propagation of the aphis palmaris.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a feeding substrate for aphis palmae is characterized in that highland barley is used as a main raw material.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps: placing cooled and sandwiched highland barley and cold water in a container, enabling the water surface to be soaked by the highland barley, sealing, and storing for more than two days at 20-30 ℃ to obtain the highland barley; the feeding matrix of the aphis palmae comprises solid matters (treated highland barley grains) and a small amount of clear liquid. The prepared feeding substrate has clear and transparent supernatant, is light yellow, and has light cereal aroma; the sandwiched highland barley is obtained by boiling or steaming.
Preferably, the highland barley is boiled in a pot with cold water until the water is boiled, and the boiling is continued for 1-3 minutes, so as to obtain the clamping highland barley.
The artificial breeding method for the myzus persicae by using the breeding substrate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the egg acquisition method comprises the following steps: placing male and female aphid and aphid in an insect cage, and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen, 5-15wt% of honey water, 3-8wt% of sucrose water and clear water; respectively soaking honey water, sucrose water and clear water in porous water-absorbing materials, wherein no clear water exists in the insect-raising cage; the insect raising cage is internally provided with an insect raising box A filled with raising matrixes and water, the liquid level in the insect raising box A is 0.8-1.5 cm lower than the surface of the solid substance, and water is timely added when the liquid level is too low; after the myzus persicae spawns in the insect-raising box A, covering the insect-raising box A, reserving ventilation holes and waiting for hatching; the insect cage can be made of breathable materials by self, and can also be purchased for products sold in the market; when the liquid level in the insect-raising box A is too high or the insect-raising cage is filled with open water, the adults are easy to die;
the larva raising method comprises the following steps: after the larvae hatch, increasing the liquid level in the insect-raising box A for raising; when the larvae grow to 0.4-0.6 cm in length, transferring the larvae into an insect-raising box B filled with raising matrixes and water, wherein the liquid level in the insect-raising box B is higher than the surface of a solid substance; when the liquid level in the insect raising box B is too low, raising failure can be caused;
the method for collecting the pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect-raising box B above a plane which is paved with sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect-raising box B, and collecting pupa from the sawdust after the larvae climb out of the insect-raising box B and enter the sawdust to pupate; the aphid larvae of the brown leg eye flies become pupae after 3 years, and the insect raising box B is put above sawdust in time according to the growth condition of the larvae;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of 50-70% of humidity, and obtaining the adult after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is ensured to be free of clear water.
Preferably, the thickness of the solid matters in the insect-raising box A is 2-4 cm.
Preferably, after the larvae are hatched, water is added to enable the height difference between the liquid level in the insect-raising box A and the surface of the solid matters to be smaller than 0.2cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the solid matters in the insect breeding box B is 0.8-2 cm.
Preferably, the liquid level in the insect-raising box B is 0.5-1.5 cm higher than the surface of the solid substance.
Preferably every 30 dm 3 80-130 adult myzus persicae are placed in the insect raising cage space, the proportion of male and female is 0.9-1.1:1, and the area of the bottom surface of the corresponding insect raising box A is 20-35 cm 2 。
Preferably, in the insect-raising box B, every 100cm 2 40-60 larvae are placed on the bottom surface area of the box body.
Preferably, the crushed bee pollen has a particle size of less than 100 mesh.
Preferably, the porous water absorbing material is one or more of cotton balls, non-woven fabrics and sponges.
Preferably, the thickness of the sawdust is 0.8-1.5 cm.
Preferably, the particle size of the sawdust is below 3 mm.
Preferably, the water content of the sawdust is 10-20wt%.
Preferably, the temperature in the feeding process is 12-32 ℃.
After the adults are obtained by the method, the method can be circulated to obtain a large number of adults of the aphis palmaris.
The feeding substrate for the aphis palmaris disclosed by the invention is the most suitable feeding substrate for feeding the aphis palmaris disclosed by the invention, which is found by the inventor from various feeding substrates, has a good feeding effect, can be used from the egg period to the whole larva period, does not need to provide nutrient substances except water when in use, and obviously reduces the feeding difficulty; additives can be additionally added on the basis of the invention if necessary, so that the effects of prolonging the preservation time, preventing diseases and the like are achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The feeding substrate for the aphis palmifolia has low cost, simple acquisition and good feeding effect;
(2) The method is simple, and can be used for breeding a large amount of Aphis palmatina indoors so as to pollinate facility agriculture and field crops.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The starting materials used in the examples of the present invention were all obtained by conventional commercial means.
Example 1
The feeding substrate for the aphis palmae in the embodiment is prepared from highland barley serving as a main raw material. Firstly, cleaning highland barley, putting the highland barley into a pot, boiling with water, and boiling for 2 minutes; pouring the boiled highland barley into a container, flushing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the highland barley, sealing, and preserving at 25 ℃ for two days to obtain the feeding matrix. The feeding matrix of the aphis palmae comprises the highland barley grains (i.e. solid matters) after treatment and a small amount of clear liquid. Wherein the clear liquid is clear and transparent, is light yellow, and has light cereal aroma.
The temperature of the whole feeding process in this example was 28.+ -. 1 ℃.
The adopted artificial breeding method for the aphis palmaris comprises the following steps:
the egg acquisition method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a 30cm multiplied by 30cm insect breeding cage by using gauze with the aperture size of 1mm multiplied by 1mm, putting 50 heads (100 heads in total) of adult female and male aphis palmaris in the insect breeding cage, and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen (sieving with a 100-mesh sieve), 10wt% of honey water, 5wt% of sucrose water and clear water; the honey water, the sucrose water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the cotton balls, and no clear water exists in the insect raising cage; a cylindrical insect-raising box A with the height of 6.5cm and the diameter of 5cm and containing raising matrix and water is arranged in the insect-raising cage, the thickness of solid matters in the insect-raising box A is 2cm, the liquid level is 1cm lower than the surface of the solid matters (namely, the liquid level is 1 cm), and water is added in time when the liquid level descends; after the aphis palmifolia in the insect-raising box A spawns, covering the insect-raising box A (the cover is provided with ventilation holes) and waiting for hatching;
the larva raising method comprises the following steps: after the larvae hatch, the liquid level in the insect raising box A is added to be flush with the solid matter for raising; when the larvae grow to be 0.4-0.6 cm in length, transferring to the bottom surface with the area of 348.75 and 348.75 cm 2 In a square insect-raising box B filled with a raising matrix and water (150-200 larvae are placed in each box), the thickness of solid matters in the insect-raising box B is 1cm, and the liquid level is 0.5cm higher than the surface of the solid matters;
the method for collecting the pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect-raising box B above a tray which is tiled with saw dust with the thickness of 0.8cm and the area of which is larger than the bottom surface of the insect-raising box B, and collecting pupa from the saw dust when the larvae climb out of the insect-raising box B and enter the saw dust to pupate; the sawdust is sieved by a sieve with the sieve mesh size of 3mm in advance, and the water content of the sawdust is 15wt%;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of 50-70% of humidity, and obtaining the adult after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is ensured to be free of clear water.
The breeding conditions of the myzus persicae of this example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 propagation conditions of Aphis palmatina (28.+ -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Egg laying amount/grain | 80 to 160 grains |
| Egg stage/d | 2～3d |
| Hatchability/% | 93±0.5% |
| Larval stage/d | 13～16d |
| Pupation rate/% | 85.16±0.14% |
| Pupal stage/d | 6～8d |
| Rate of emergence/% | 88.75±0.2% |
Example 2
The feeding substrate for the aphis palmae in the embodiment is prepared from highland barley serving as a main raw material. Firstly, cleaning highland barley, putting the highland barley into a pot, adding water and steaming for 2 minutes; pouring steamed highland barley into a container, cooling to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge highland barley, sealing, and standing at 20deg.C for three days to obtain the feeding matrix. The feeding matrix of the aphis palmae comprises the highland barley grains (i.e. solid matters) after treatment and a small amount of clear liquid.
The temperature of the whole feeding process in this example was 16.+ -. 1 ℃.
The adopted artificial breeding method for the aphis palmaris comprises the following steps:
the egg acquisition method comprises the following steps: the volume of the use is 50dm 3 Placing 75 adult aphids (150 heads in total) of male and female aphis palmaris in the insect cage, and feeding the adult aphids with crushed bee pollen (sieved by a 100-mesh sieve), 12wt% of honey water, 3wt% of sucrose water and clear water; the honey water, the sucrose water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the non-woven fabric sheet, and no clear water exists in the insect raising cage; the insect raising cage is provided with a bottom surface area of 50 and 50 cm 2 The square insect-culturing box A is filled with a culturing substrate and water, the thickness of solid matters in the insect-culturing box A is 2.5cm, the liquid level is 1.5cm lower than the surface of the solid matters (namely, the liquid level is 1 cm), and water is added in time when the liquid level descends; after the aphis palmetto is spawned in the insect-raising box A, the insect-raising box A is covered (the cover is openedAir holes are formed), waiting for hatching;
the larva raising method comprises the following steps: after the larvae hatch, the liquid level in the insect raising box A is added to be flush with the solid matter for raising; when the larvae grow to a length of 0.4-0.6 cm, transferring to a bottom surface area 200.96 cm 2 In the insect-raising box B filled with raising substrate and water (90-120 larvae are placed in each box), the thickness of solid matters in the insect-raising box B is 1.5cm, and the liquid level is 1.5cm higher than the surface of the solid matters;
the method for collecting the pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect-raising box B above a table top which is tiled with sawdust with the thickness of 1.5 and cm and the area larger than the bottom surface of the insect-raising box B, and collecting pupa from the sawdust after the larvae climb out of the insect-raising box B and enter the sawdust to pupate; the sawdust is sieved in advance by a sieve with the sieve mesh size of 3 mm; the water content of the sawdust is 10wt%;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of 50-70% of humidity, and obtaining the adult after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is ensured to be free of clear water.
The breeding conditions of the myzus persicae of this example are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 propagation conditions of Aphis palmatina (16.+ -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Egg laying amount/grain | 64-101 grains |
| Egg stage/d | 3～4d |
| Hatchability/% | 91±0.3% |
| Larval stage/d | 20～22d |
| Pupation rate/% | 82.33±0.26% |
| Pupal stage/d | 10～12d |
| Rate of emergence/% | 85.25±0.14% |
Example 3
The feeding substrate for the aphis palmae in the embodiment is prepared from highland barley serving as a main raw material. Firstly, cleaning highland barley, putting the highland barley into a pot, boiling with water, and boiling for 3 minutes; pouring the boiled highland barley into a container, flushing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the highland barley, sealing, and storing at 28 ℃ for two days to obtain the feeding substrate. The feeding matrix of the aphis palmae comprises the highland barley grains (i.e. solid matters) after treatment and a small amount of clear liquid.
The temperature of the whole feeding process in this example was 30.+ -. 1 ℃.
The adopted artificial breeding method for the aphis palmaris comprises the following steps:
the egg acquisition method comprises the following steps: the volume of the use is 20dm 3 Placing 40 heads (total 80 heads) of adult female and male aphis palmaris in the insect cage, and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen (100 mesh sieve), 5wt% of honey water, 8wt% of sucrose water and clear water; the honey water, the sucrose water and the clear water are respectively immersed in the sponge sheets, and no clear water exists in the insect raising cage; the insect raising cage is provided with a bottom surface with an area of 18.84 and 18.84 cm 2 The oval insect-culturing box A is filled with a culturing substrate and water, the thickness of solid matters in the insect-culturing box A is 3cm, the liquid level is 0.8cm lower than the surface of the solid matters (namely, the liquid level is 2.2 cm), and water is added in time when the liquid level descends; after the aphis palmifolia in the insect-raising box A spawns, covering the insect-raising box A (the cover is provided with ventilation holes) and waiting for hatching;
the larva raising method comprises the following steps: after the larvae hatch, the liquid level in the insect-raising box A is highThe degree is added to be level with the solid matter, and feeding is carried out; when the larvae grow to a length of 0.4-0.6 cm, transferring to a bottom surface area of 500 cm 2 In the insect-raising box B filled with raising substrate and water (240-280 larvae are placed in each box), the thickness of solid matters in the insect-raising box B is 2cm, and the liquid level is 1.2cm higher than the surface of the solid matters;
the method for collecting the pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect-raising box B above a platform with saw dust with the thickness of 1cm and the area larger than the bottom surface of the insect-raising box B, and collecting pupa from the saw dust when the larvae climb out of the insect-raising box B to enter the saw dust for pupation; the sawdust is sieved in advance by a sieve with the sieve mesh size of 3 mm; the water content of the sawdust is 20wt%;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of 50-70% of humidity, and obtaining the adult after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is ensured to be free of clear water.
The breeding conditions of the myzus persicae of this example are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 propagation conditions of Aphis palmatina (30.+ -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Egg laying amount/grain | 75-121 granules |
| Egg stage/d | 1～2d |
| Hatchability/% | 90±0.66% |
| Larval stage/d | 10～13d |
| Pupation rate/% | 80.28±0.27% |
| Pupal stage/d | 5～6d |
| Rate of emergence/% | 79.24±0.28% |
Comparative example 1
(1) The feed matrix for artificially raising the aphis palmae is prepared from rice, wheat and buckwheat serving as main raw materials. Rice and buckwheat are relatively more difficult to cook, and the cooking time is properly prolonged when the corresponding feed substrate is prepared so as to achieve the same cooking degree.
A feed matrix using paddy as main raw material is prepared by the following steps: firstly, cleaning rice, putting the rice into a pot, boiling the rice with water, and boiling the rice for 4 minutes; pouring cooked rice into container, washing with cold water to room temperature, adding water into container to submerge rice, covering, standing at 25deg.C, and storing for two days.
A feed matrix using wheat as a main raw material is prepared by the following steps: washing the wheat with the shell, putting the wheat into a pot, boiling with water, and boiling for 2 minutes; pouring cooked wheat into a container, washing with cold water to room temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the wheat, covering with a cover, and standing at 25deg.C for two days.
A feed matrix using buckwheat as main raw material is prepared by the following steps: washing semen Fagopyri Esculenti, decocting in water for 5 min; pouring the cooked semen Fagopyri Esculenti into a container, washing with cold water to room temperature, adding water into the container, covering, standing at 25deg.C, and preserving for two days.
(2) The same artificial feeding method as in example 1 was used to feed aphis palmae with feed matrixes mainly comprising rice, wheat and buckwheat, and the breeding situation of aphis palmae was studied. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 propagation conditions of Aphis palmatina with different feed substrates (28.+ -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Main raw materials of feed matrix | Rice grain | Wheat | Buckwheat |
| Egg laying amount/grain | 104-125 granules | 101-115 granules | 98-117 grains |
| Egg stage/d | 2～3d | 2～3d | 2～3d |
| Hatchability/% | 82±0.34% | 89±0.12% | 85±0.6% |
| Larval stage/d | 15～17d | 14～17d | 17～18d |
| Pupation rate/% | 75.5±0.4% | 80.24±0.12% | 79.17±0.33% |
| Pupal stage/d | 7～8d | 8～9d | 8～9d |
| Rate of emergence/% | 67.5±0.28% | 72.60±0.6% | 75.14±0.05% |
As can be seen from table 4 and table 1, compared with rice, wheat and buckwheat, the feed substrate prepared from highland barley maximizes the egg laying amount of the aphis palmae, and has the highest hatching rate, pupation rate and emergence rate, and the shortest larval stage and pupal stage. The species of the feed substrate has little influence on the spawning quantity and the egg period of the aphis palmaris.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example uses highland barley as main raw material to prepare the feeding substrate of the aphis palmae, and compared with the preparation of example 1, the boiling time of highland barley is prolonged. The specific preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning highland barley, putting the highland barley into a pot, boiling with water, and boiling for 6 minutes; pouring the boiled highland barley into a container, flushing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge highland barley, sealing, storing at 25deg.C for two days,
the same artificial feeding method as in example 1 was used to feed aphis palmaris, and the breeding condition of aphis palmaris was investigated. The results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 propagation conditions of Aphis palmatina (28.+ -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Egg laying amount/grain | 56-89 granules |
| Egg stage/d | 2～3d |
| Hatchability/% | 91±0.34% |
| Larval stage/d | 15～18d |
| Pupation rate/% | 65.7±0.2% |
| Pupal stage/d | 7～8d |
| Rate of emergence/% | 63.5±0.14% |
When the boiling time of highland barley is too long, the degree of ripeness is too high, and the nutrient substances are dissolved out more, so that clear liquid becomes sticky, the spawning quantity of the aphis palmae is obviously reduced, the larva period is prolonged, the escape phenomenon of the larva appears, and the pupation rate and the emergence rate are reduced.
Claims (7)
1. An artificial feeding method for aphis palmaris, which is characterized in that:
the egg acquisition method comprises the following steps: placing male and female aphid and aphid in an insect cage, and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen, 5-15wt% of honey water, 3-8wt% of sucrose water and clear water; respectively soaking honey water, sucrose water and clear water in porous water-absorbing materials, wherein no clear water exists in the insect-raising cage; the insect raising cage is internally provided with an insect raising box A filled with raising matrixes and water, the liquid level in the insect raising box A is 0.8-1.5 cm lower than the surface of the solid substance, and water is timely added when the liquid level is too low; after the myzus persicae spawns in the insect-raising box A, covering the insect-raising box A, reserving ventilation holes and waiting for hatching;
the larva raising method comprises the following steps: after the larvae hatch, increasing the liquid level in the insect-raising box A for raising; when the larvae grow to 0.4-0.6 cm in length, transferring the larvae into an insect-raising box B filled with raising matrixes and water, wherein the liquid level in the insect-raising box B is higher than the surface of a solid substance;
the method for collecting the pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect-raising box B above a plane which is paved with sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect-raising box B, and collecting pupa from the sawdust after the larvae climb out of the insect-raising box B and enter the sawdust to pupate;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of 50-70% of humidity, and obtaining the adult after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment needs to ensure no clear water;
the feeding substrate is prepared from highland barley serving as a main raw material;
the preparation method of the feeding substrate comprises the following steps: placing cooled and sandwiched highland barley and cold water in a container, enabling the water surface to be soaked by the highland barley, sealing, and storing for more than two days at 20-30 ℃ to obtain the highland barley; the feeding substrate comprises solid matter and clear liquid; the sandwiched highland barley is obtained by boiling: boiling highland barley in a pot with cold water until water is boiled, and continuously boiling for 1-3 minutes to obtain the highland barley which is clamped.
2. The artificial feeding method for the aphis palmaris according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of solid matters in the pest feeding box A is 2-4 cm; after the larvae are hatched, adding water to ensure that the height difference between the liquid level in the insect breeding box A and the surface of the solid matters is less than 0.2cm; the thickness of the solid matters in the insect-raising box B is 0.8-2 cm; the liquid level in the insect-raising box B is 0.5-1.5 cm higher than the surface of the solid substance.
3. The artificial feeding method of aphis palmaris as claimed in claim 1, wherein every 30 th dm th 3 80-130 adult myzus persicae are placed in the insect raising cage space, the proportion of male and female is 0.9-1.1:1, and the area of the bottom surface of the corresponding insect raising box A is 20-35 cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the insect-raising box B, every 100cm 2 40-60 larvae are placed on the bottom surface area of the box body.
4. A method of artificial feeding of aphis palmaris as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the crushed bee pollen has a particle size of less than 100 mesh.
5. The artificial feeding method for myzus persicae according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the porous water absorbing material is one or more of cotton ball, non-woven fabric and sponge.
6. The artificial feeding method of the myzus persicae according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the sawdust is 0.8-1.5 cm; the particle size of the sawdust is below 3 mm; the water content of the sawdust is 10-20wt%.
7. The artificial feeding method of the aphis palmaris according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the temperature of the feeding process is 12-32 ℃.
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