CN115349581A - Breeding substrate and artificial breeding method for myiasis palmaris - Google Patents
Breeding substrate and artificial breeding method for myiasis palmaris Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 208000006123 Myiasis Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 241000411545 Punargentus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241001600407 Aphis <genus> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241001523597 Aphidius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 241000209219 Hordeum Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000721623 Myzus Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940038481 bee pollen Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000721621 Myzus persicae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009161 Espostoa lanata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000001624 Espostoa lanata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 9
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 9
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- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241001142294 Chamaemyiidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000000359 Triticum dicoccon Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001305034 Aphidius gifuensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001481659 Syrphidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000354649 Acanthopus palmatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233788 Arecaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000200060 Eristalinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000179039 Paenibacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000722337 Pholiota Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Physiology (AREA)
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Abstract
A feeding substrate and an artificial feeding method for myiasis palmaris et gregaris, wherein the feeding substrate for the myiasis palmaris et gregaris is prepared by taking highland barley as a main raw material; the invention also comprises an artificial feeding method of the Aphis palmatus Sing by using the feeding substrate. The feeding substrate for the Aphis palmatus has low cost, simple acquisition and good feeding effect; the method is simple, and can be used for indoor mass breeding of the Aphidius palmatus so as to pollinate facility agriculture and field crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a substrate and an artificial feeding method for myzus persicae, in particular to a substrate and a feeding method for myzus persicae.
Background
Myzus palmatus (A. Palmatus & B.) (Eristalinus arvorum) Belonging to the genus Syrphidae (Syrphidae) of the family Aphididae (Diptera) of the order Diptera (Aphidae)EristalinusRondani, 1845), is a saprophagic aphidius gifuensis. The larva takes putrefactive organic matters or livestock feces as food, and adult insects take pollen and nectar, which are important pollination insects in nature. The individual development of the Aphidius palmatus is divided into 4 stages of eggs, larvae, pupae and imagoes, wherein the larval stage can be divided into 1-instar larvae, 2-instar larvae and 3-instar larvae.
Aphid-eating flies can be classified into predatory, saprophagic and phytophagic species according to the feeding habits of the larvae. In recent years, artificial feeding of predatory aphid flies is studied more, for example, CN112471082A and CN112602860A disclose contents about artificial feeding and breeding of wide-band superior aphid flies, and CN104255670A discloses a breeding method of black-banded aphid flies and application of pollination to seed-production cruciferous crops. However, the artificial feeding of saprophagic aphididae is hardly studied.
Most adults of predatory aphid flies and saprophytic aphid flies have the habit of visiting flowers, and the larvae are different; the predatory aphid fly larvae absorb aphid juice through the sucking mouth parts to obtain nutrition, and the mouth parts of the saprophagous aphid fly larvae are different from the predatory aphid fly larvae and cannot prey on aphids.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a breeding substrate and an artificial breeding method for the myzus palmatus, which can realize mass propagation of the myzus palmatus.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a feeding substrate for myzus palmatus is characterized by being prepared from highland barley serving as a main raw material.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps: placing the cooled and half-cooked highland barley and cold water in a container to ensure that the water surface is submerged in the highland barley, sealing, and storing for more than two days at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ to obtain the highland barley-cold water-sealed highland barley-cold water; the breeding substrate of the myzus palmatus comprises solid matters (the treated highland barley grains) and a small amount of clear liquid. The clear and transparent supernatant of the prepared breeding substrate is light yellow and has light grain fragrance; the raw highland barley is obtained by cooking or steaming.
Preferably, the highland barley is boiled in a pot with cold water until the water is boiled, and the boiling is continued for 1 to 3 minutes to obtain the stuffed highland barley.
The artificial feeding method of the Aphis palmatus Sing using the feeding substrate of the invention is characterized in that:
the method for obtaining the eggs comprises the following steps: placing adult female and male brown leg myzus persicae in an insect breeding cage, and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen, 5 to 15wt% of honey water, 3 to 8wt% of cane sugar water and clear water; the honey water, the cane sugar water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the porous water absorption material, and no clear water exists in the insect cage; the insect breeding cage is internally provided with an insect breeding box A filled with breeding substrates and water, the liquid level height in the insect breeding box A is 0.8 to 1.5cm lower than the surface of the solid matter, and water is added in time when the liquid level height is too low; after the Aphis palmatus lays eggs in the insect breeding box A, covering the insect breeding box A, and reserving the air holes to wait for incubation; the insect-raising cage can be made of air-permeable materials, and can also be purchased with products sold on the market; when the liquid level in the insect box A is too high or open water exists in the insect cage, adults are easy to die;
the larva breeding method comprises the following steps: after the larvae are hatched, increasing the liquid level height in the larva breeding box A for breeding; transferring the larva to an insect box B filled with a feeding substrate and water when the length of the larva is 0.4-0.6 cm, wherein the liquid level in the insect box B is higher than the surface of the solid matter; when the liquid level in the insect breeding box B is too low, the breeding failure can be caused;
the collection method of pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect breeding box B above a plane which is tiled with sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect breeding box B, allowing the larva to climb out of the insect breeding box B, entering the sawdust to pupate, and collecting pupae from the sawdust; pupating the larvae of the Aphidius guichenoti after 3 years, and putting the insect breeding box B above sawdust in time according to the growth condition of the larvae;
the eclosion method of pupa comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition that the humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining imagoes after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is to ensure that no water is available.
Preferably, the thickness of the solid matter in the insect box A is 2-4 cm.
Preferably, after the larvae are hatched, water is added so that the difference between the liquid level in the insect-rearing box A and the solid matter surface is less than 0.2cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the solid matter in the insect box B is 0.8 to 2cm.
Preferably, the liquid level in the insect breeding box B is 0.5 to 1.5cm higher than the surface of the solid matter.
Preferably every 30 dm 3 The space of the insect cage is used for placing 80 to 130 adult myzus fuscus in the space of the insect cage, the male-female ratio is 0.9 to 1.1, and the area of the bottom surface of a corresponding insect box A is 20 to 35cm 2 。
Preferably, every 100cm in the insect-breeding box B 2 The bottom surface area of the artificial pond is 40 to 60 larvae.
Preferably, the particle size of the ground bee pollen is less than 100 mesh.
Preferably, the porous water absorbing material is one or more of cotton balls, non-woven fabrics and sponges.
Preferably, the thickness of the sawdust is 0.8 to 1.5cm.
Preferably, the particle size of the sawdust is 3mm or less.
Preferably, the water content of the sawdust is 10 to 20wt%.
Preferably, the temperature of the feeding process is 12 to 32 ℃.
After the imagoes are obtained by the method, the method can be recycled to obtain a large number of imagoes of the phaeomyza palmae.
The invention relates to a feeding substrate for myzus palmatus, which is a most suitable feeding substrate for myzus palmatus, is found from various feeding substrates by the inventor, has good feeding effect, can be used from the egg stage to the whole larva stage, does not need to provide nutrient substances except water during use, and obviously reduces the feeding difficulty; if necessary, additives can be additionally supplemented on the basis of the invention, so that the effects of prolonging the storage time, preventing diseases and the like are achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The feeding substrate for the Aphis palmatus has low cost, simple acquisition and good feeding effect;
(2) The method is simple, and can carry out indoor mass breeding on the Aphis palmatus for pollination of facility agriculture and field crops.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
The starting materials used in the examples of the present invention were all obtained from conventional commercial sources.
Example 1
The substrate for feeding the myzus fuscus gregaria is prepared by taking highland barley as a main raw material. Washing highland barley, boiling in water for 2 min; pouring the cooked semen Avenae Nudae into a container, washing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the semen Avenae Nudae, sealing, and storing at 25 deg.C for two days to obtain the culture medium. The breeding substrate of the myzus palmatus comprises treated highland barley grains (solid matters) and a small amount of clear liquid. The clear liquid is clear and transparent, is light yellow, and has light grain fragrance.
The temperature of the whole raising process of this example was 28. + -. 1 ℃.
The adopted artificial feeding method of the Aphis palmatus Sing comprises the following steps:
the method for obtaining the eggs comprises the following steps: preparing an insect cage with the aperture size of 1mm multiplied by 1mm by 30cm multiplied by 30cm by using gauze with the aperture size of 1mm multiplied by 1mm, putting 50 heads of adult female and male paenibacillus palmatus in the insect cage (total 100 heads), and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen (screened by a 100-mesh sieve), 10wt% of honey water, 5wt% of cane sugar water and clear water; the honey water, the cane sugar water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the cotton balls, and no clear water exists in the insect cage; a cylindrical insect culturing box A which is 6.5cm high, 5cm in diameter and is filled with a culturing substrate and water is arranged in the insect culturing cage, the thickness of the solid substance in the insect culturing box A is 2cm, the liquid level height is 1cm lower than the surface of the solid substance (namely the liquid level height is 1 cm), and water is added in time when the liquid level height is reduced; after the Aphidius guichenoti lays eggs in the insect breeding box A, covering the insect breeding box A (the cover is provided with air holes), and waiting for hatching;
the larva breeding method comprises the following steps: after the larvae are hatched, the liquid level in the larva breeding box A is added to be level with the solid matter for breeding; when the larva grows to be 0.4 to 0.6cm in length, the larva is transferred to the bottom surface with the area of 348.75 cm 2 The thickness of the solid matter in the insect breeding box B is 1cm, and the liquid level is 0.5cm higher than the surface of the solid matter;
the collection method of pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect breeding box B above a tray which is flatly paved with 0.8cm thick sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect breeding box B, enabling the larva to climb out of the insect breeding box B, entering the sawdust to pupate, and collecting pupae from the sawdust; sieving sawdust with a sieve with 3mm holes in advance, wherein the water content of the sawdust is 15wt%;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of humidity of 50 to 70 percent, and obtaining imagoes after the pupae are eclosized; the preservation environment is to ensure that no clear water exists.
The breeding of the Aphis palmatus flies in this example is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Breeding of Aphis palmatus Leporis (28 + -1 deg.C)
| Oviposition amount/granule | 80 to 160 granules |
| Egg period/d | 2～3d |
| Hatching rate/% | 93±0.5% |
| Larval stage/d | 13～16d |
| Pupation Rate/% | 85.16±0.14% |
| Pupal stage/d | 6～8d |
| Eclosion Rate/% | 88.75±0.2% |
Example 2
The substrate for feeding the myzus fuscus gregaria is prepared by taking highland barley as a main raw material. Washing highland barley, and putting the highland barley into a pot, adding water and steaming for 2 minutes; pouring the steamed highland barley into a container, cooling to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the highland barley, sealing, and storing at 20 ℃ for three days to obtain the feeding substrate. The breeding substrate of the myzus palmatus comprises treated highland barley grains (solid matters) and a small amount of clear liquid.
The temperature of the whole raising process of this example was 16. + -. 1 ℃.
The adopted artificial feeding method of the myzus palmatus comprises the following steps:
the method for obtaining the eggs comprises the following steps: the using volume is 50dm 3 The square insect rearing cage is characterized in that 75 heads (total 150 heads) of adult female and male green leg leaf spot eye aphids and flies are placed in the insect rearing cage, and the adult is fed with crushed bee pollen (sieved by a 100-mesh sieve), 12wt% of honey water, 3wt% of cane sugar water and clear water; the honey water, the cane sugar water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the non-woven fabric sheet, and no clear water exists in the insect cage; the bottom surface area of the insect breeding cage is 50 cm 2 The device comprises a square insect breeding box A filled with breeding substrates and water, wherein the thickness of solid matters in the insect breeding box A is 2.5cm, the liquid level height is 1.5cm lower than the surface of the solid matters (namely the liquid level height is 1 cm), and water is added in time when the liquid level height is reduced; brown riceAfter the Aphidius gifuensis Ashmaed lays eggs in the insect breeding box A, covering the insect breeding box A (a cover is provided with air holes), and waiting for hatching;
the larva breeding method comprises the following steps: after the larvae are hatched, the liquid level in the larva breeding box A is added to be level with the solid matter for breeding; when the larva grows to 0.4-0.6 cm in length, the larva is transferred to the bottom surface with the area of 200.96 cm 2 The thickness of solid matters in the insect breeding box B is 1.5cm, and the liquid level is 1.5cm higher than the surface of the solid matters in the insect breeding box B (every box is used for breeding 90 to 120 larvae);
the collection method of pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect breeding box B above a table top which is tiled with 1.5 cm-thick sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect breeding box B, enabling the larva to climb out of the insect breeding box B, entering the sawdust to pupate, and collecting pupae from the sawdust; sieving sawdust with a sieve with a hole size of 3mm in advance; the water content of the sawdust was 10wt%;
the eclosion method of pupa comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition of humidity of 50 to 70 percent, and obtaining imagoes after the pupae are eclosized; the preservation environment is to ensure that no clear water exists.
The breeding of the Aphis palmatus flies in this example is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Breeding of Pholiota palmata (16. + -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Egg laying amount/granule | 64 to 101 grains |
| Egg period/d | 3～4d |
| Hatching rate/% | 91±0.3% |
| Larval stage/d | 20～22d |
| Pupation Rate/% | 82.33±0.26% |
| Pupal stage/d | 10～12d |
| Eclosion Rate/% | 85.25±0.14% |
Example 3
The substrate for feeding the myzus fuscus gregaria is prepared by taking highland barley as a main raw material. Washing highland barley, boiling in water for 3 min; pouring the cooked highland barley into a container, washing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the highland barley, sealing, and storing at 28 ℃ for two days to obtain the feeding substrate. The breeding substrate of the myzus palmatus comprises treated highland barley grains (solid matters) and a small amount of clear liquid.
The temperature of the whole raising process of this example was 30. + -. 1 ℃.
The adopted artificial feeding method of the myzus palmatus comprises the following steps:
the method for obtaining the eggs comprises the following steps: the use volume is 20dm 3 The square insect rearing cage is characterized in that 40 heads (total 80 heads) of adult female and male green leg leaf spot eye aphids and flies are placed in the insect rearing cage, and the adult is fed with crushed bee pollen (sieved by a 100-mesh sieve), 5wt% of honey water, 8wt% of cane sugar water and clear water; the honey water, the cane sugar water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the sponge pieces, and no clear water exists in the insect cage; the bottom surface area of the insect breeding cage is 18.84 cm 2 The device comprises an elliptical insect breeding box A filled with breeding substrates and water, wherein the thickness of solid matters in the insect breeding box A is 3cm, the liquid level height is 0.8cm lower than the surface of the solid matters (namely the liquid level height is 2.2 cm), and water is added in time when the liquid level height is reduced; after the Aphidius guichenoti lays eggs in the insect breeding box A, covering the insect breeding box A (the cover is provided with air holes), and waiting for hatching;
the larva breeding method comprises the following steps:after the larvae are hatched, the liquid level in the larva breeding box A is added to be level with the solid matter for breeding; when the larva grows to 0.4-0.6 cm in length, the larva is transferred to the bottom surface with the area of 500 cm 2 In an insect box B (240 to 280 larvae are placed in each box) filled with a feeding substrate and water, the thickness of a solid matter in the insect box B is 2cm, and the liquid level is 1.2cm higher than the surface of the solid matter;
the collection method of pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect breeding box B above a platform which is tiled with 1 cm-thick sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect breeding box B, enabling the larva to climb out of the insect breeding box B, entering the sawdust to pupate, and collecting pupae from the sawdust; sieving sawdust with a sieve with a hole size of 3mm in advance; the water content of the sawdust is 20wt%;
the eclosion method of pupa comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition that the humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining imagoes after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is to ensure that no clear water exists.
The breeding of the Aphis palmatus fly is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Breeding situation of Aphis palmatus Greyana (30 + -1 deg.C)
| Oviposition amount/granule | 75 to 121 granules |
| Egg stage/d | 1～2d |
| Hatching rate/% | 90±0.66% |
| Larval stage/d | 10～13d |
| Pupation Rate/% | 80.28±0.27% |
| Pupal stage/d | 5～6d |
| Feathering rate/% | 79.24±0.28% |
Comparative example 1
(1) Rice, wheat and buckwheat are respectively used as main raw materials to prepare feed matrixes for artificially feeding rice-leg myzus persicae. The rice and buckwheat are relatively harder to cook, and the cooking time is properly prolonged to reach the same degree of cooking when preparing the corresponding feed base.
The preparation method of the feed matrix taking the rice as the main raw material comprises the following steps: firstly, washing rice, putting the rice into a pot, boiling the rice with water, and boiling the rice for 4 minutes; pouring the boiled paddy into a container, washing the container with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the paddy, covering the container with a cover, placing the container at 25 ℃ and storing the container for two days.
The preparation method of the feed matrix taking wheat as a main raw material comprises the following steps: firstly, washing wheat with shells, putting the wheat into a pot, boiling the wheat with the shells in water, and boiling the wheat for 2 minutes after the water is boiled; pouring the cooked wheat into a container, washing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the wheat, covering the container with a cover, placing the container at 25 ℃, and storing for two days.
The preparation method of the feed matrix taking buckwheat as a main raw material comprises the following steps: washing semen Fagopyri Esculenti, decocting in water for 5 min; pouring the boiled buckwheat into a container, washing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge the buckwheat, covering the container with a cover, placing the container at 25 ℃, and storing for two days.
(2) The feed substrates using rice, wheat and buckwheat as main raw materials were used, respectively, and the same artificial feeding method as in example 1 was used to feed myzus palmatus, and the breeding conditions of myzus palmatus were studied. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Breeding of Aphis palmatus Egyptica with different feed substrates (28 + -1 deg.C)
| Main raw material of feed matrix | Rice and rice | Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as one of raw materials | Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) |
| Egg laying amount/granule | 104 to 125 granules | 101 to 115 granules | 98 to 117 granules |
| Egg stage/d | 2～3d | 2～3d | 2～3d |
| Hatching rate/% | 82±0.34% | 89±0.12% | 85±0.6% |
| Larval stage/d | 15～17d | 14～17d | 17～18d |
| Pupation Rate/% | 75.5±0.4% | 80.24±0.12% | 79.17±0.33% |
| Pupal stage/d | 7～8d | 8～9d | 8～9d |
| Eclosion Rate/% | 67.5±0.28% | 72.60±0.6% | 75.14±0.05% |
It can be seen from table 4 and table 1 that, compared with rice, wheat and buckwheat, the feed substrate made of highland barley maximizes the egg laying amount of myzus palmatus, maximizes the hatching rate, pupation rate and eclosion rate, and minimizes the larval stage and pupation stage. The variety of the feed matrix has little influence on the egg laying amount and the egg laying period of the myzus palmatus.
Comparative example 2
In the comparative example, highland barley is used as a main raw material to prepare the feeding substrate for the myzus fuscus, and compared with the preparation in the example 1, the cooking time of highland barley is prolonged. The preparation method comprises the following steps: washing highland barley, boiling in water for 6 min; pouring the cooked semen Avenae Nudae into a container, washing with cold water to normal temperature, adding water into the container to submerge semen Avenae Nudae, sealing, storing at 25 deg.C for two days,
the same artificial feeding method as in example 1 was used to feed Aphis palmatus Yang, and the breeding of Aphis palmatus Yang was studied. The results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 Breeding of Aphis palmatus Eyezoensis (28. + -. 1 ℃ C.)
| Egg laying amount/granule | 56 to 89 granules |
| Egg period/d | 2～3d |
| Hatching rate/% | 91±0.34% |
| Larval stage/d | 15～18d |
| Pupation Rate/% | 65.7±0.2% |
| Pupal stage/d | 7～8d |
| Feathering rate/% | 63.5±0.14% |
When the boiling time of the highland barley is too long, the maturity is too high, the dissolution of nutrient substances is more, the clear liquid becomes viscous, the egg laying amount of the phaeomyza palmata is obviously reduced, the larval stage is prolonged, the escape phenomenon of the larval occurs, and the pupation rate and the eclosion rate are reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A feeding substrate for myzus palmatus is characterized by being prepared from highland barley serving as a main raw material.
2. The feeding substrate for myzus palmatus fly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: placing the cooled and half-cooked highland barley and cold water in a container to ensure that the water surface is submerged in the highland barley, sealing, and storing for more than two days at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ to obtain the highland barley-cold water-sealed highland barley-cold water; the feeding substrate of the Aphis palmatus comprises solid matters and clear liquid; the raw highland barley is obtained by boiling or steaming.
3. The raising substrate for myzus fuscus fuscata as claimed in claim 2, wherein the highland barley is boiled in a pot with cold water until the water is boiled, and the boiling is continued for 1 to 3 minutes to obtain the undercooked highland barley.
4. An artificial feeding method of Aphis palmatus Sing using the feeding substrate of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:
the method for obtaining the eggs comprises the following steps: placing adult female and male leg myzus persicae in an insect breeding cage, and feeding the adult with crushed bee pollen, 5-15wt% of honey water, 3-8wt% of cane sugar water and clear water; the honey water, the cane sugar water and the clear water are respectively soaked in the porous water absorption material, and no clear water exists in the insect cage; the insect breeding cage is internally provided with an insect breeding box A filled with breeding substrates and water, the liquid level height in the insect breeding box A is 0.8 to 1.5cm lower than the surface of the solid matter, and water is added in time when the liquid level height is too low; after the Aphidius guichenoti lays eggs in the insect breeding box A, covering the insect breeding box A, and reserving the air holes to wait for incubation;
the larva breeding method comprises the following steps: after the larvae are hatched, increasing the liquid level height in the larva breeding box A for breeding; transferring the larva to an insect box B filled with a feeding substrate and water when the length of the larva is 0.4-0.6 cm, wherein the liquid level in the insect box B is higher than the surface of the solid matter;
the collection method of pupae comprises the following steps: placing the insect breeding box B above a plane which is tiled with sawdust and has an area larger than the bottom surface of the insect breeding box B, allowing the larva to climb out of the insect breeding box B, entering the sawdust to pupate, and collecting pupae from the sawdust;
the eclosion method of the pupae comprises the following steps: storing the pupae under the condition that the humidity is 50-70%, and obtaining imagoes after the pupae eclosion; the preservation environment is to ensure that no clear water exists.
5. The artificial feeding method for myiasis palmaris et legelio according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the solid matter in the insect box A is 2 to 4cm; after the larvae are hatched, adding water to ensure that the height difference between the liquid level in the larva breeding box A and the surface of the solid matter is less than 0.2cm; the thickness of the solid matter in the insect box B is 0.8 to 2cm; the liquid level in the insect box B is 0.5 to 1.5cm higher than the surface of the solid matter.
6. The method for artificially feeding myzus palmatus fly as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the feed is fed every 30 dm 3 The space of the insect cage is used for placing 80 to 130 adult myzus fuscus in the space of the insect cage, the male-female ratio is 0.9 to 1.1, and the area of the bottom surface of a corresponding insect box A is 20 to 35cm 2 (ii) a In the insect-culturing box B, every 100cm 2 The bottom surface area of the house is 40 to 60 larvae.
7. The method for artificially feeding myzus palmatus as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the particle size of the ground bee pollen is less than 100 meshes.
8. The method for artificially feeding myzus palmatus as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the porous water-absorbing material is one or more of cotton balls, non-woven fabrics and sponges.
9. The method for artificially feeding myzus palmatus as claimed in any one of claims 4-8, wherein the thickness of the sawdust is 0.8-1.5 cm; the particle size of the sawdust is below 3 mm; the water content of the sawdust is 10-20wt%.
10. The method for artificially feeding myzus palmatus as claimed in any one of claims 4-9, wherein the temperature of the feeding process is 12-32 ℃.
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