CN115349339B - Fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation and application thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention provides a fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizer production and application. Aiming at the defects existing in the existing top jar Chinese prickly ash planting technology, the invention takes the key organs such as branches, flower buds, leaves and the like as starting points, takes the output and the quality as outlets, starts from the aspects of branch cultivation and flower bud differentiation promotion, optimizes the fertilization types, fertilization time and specific application methods of the branch fertilizer, the flower bud differentiation promotion base fertilizer and the flower bud differentiation promotion leaf fertilizer respectively, and forms a set of top jar Chinese prickly ash complete planting technology system which has convenient raw material sources, low use cost and high yield and quality promotion. The practice proves that the method can make the tree body of the pricklyash peel in the top jar healthier, can obviously improve the flower bud differentiation quality, can improve the soil environment quality, can greatly improve the yield and quality of the pricklyash peel in the top jar, and has great significance for planting and producing the pricklyash peel in the top jar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production and application, and particularly relates to a fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation and application thereof.
Background
Flower bud differentiation is the process of changing growth points on branches from nutritional buds generated by the branches into flower buds generated by the branches, and branch strengthening and flower bud differentiation are important bases for forming the yield and quality of the pricklyash peel in the top jar, are key technical links in cultivation of the pricklyash peel in the top jar, and are links which are difficult to accurately grasp in production. At present, the technical means for cultivating branches and differentiating flowers and buds are more, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: the key points of different technical means are certain differences in several aspects such as nutrient management, growth regulator use, tree transformation, environmental regulation and the like. However, the following problems still remain in summary:
firstly, the dependence on compound fertilizer and plant growth regulator is higher, which is unfavorable for cultivating organic products and green products, has larger side effect on soil environment, is easy to cause heavy metal pollution and soil hardening, and is unfavorable for absorbing soil nutrients by plant root systems.
Secondly, the cost of raw materials is too high, part of technologies mention that the humic soil and the like are used for preparing novel organic fertilizers, the fertilizer efficiency is durable, but the damage to the ecological environment is large, and the cost of fertilizer processing, transportation and the like is too high, so that part of pepper farmers are difficult to bear, and the acceptable degree of the market is low.
Thirdly, the use effect is poor, the relationship among fertility, branches and flower bud differentiation is not coordinated, especially the frequent use of high nitrogen fertilizer and dwarfing drugs leads to the fact that the transformation from nutrition growth to reproductive growth is not enough in time, a great amount of resources and manpower are wasted, and the serious result is large-area yield reduction and even harvest failure.
At present, the prior art has no related report of convenient raw material source, low use cost and high-yield and high-quality promotion from the aspects of branch cultivation, flower bud differentiation promotion and the like by taking key organs such as branches, flower buds, leaves and the like as starting points and taking yield and quality as outlets.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation and application thereof. Aiming at the defects existing in the existing top jar Chinese prickly ash planting technology, the invention takes the key organs such as branches, flower buds, leaves and the like as starting points, takes the output and the quality as outlets, starts from the aspects of branch cultivation and flower bud differentiation promotion, optimizes the fertilization types, fertilization time and specific application methods of the branch fertilizer, the flower bud differentiation promotion base fertilizer and the flower bud differentiation promotion leaf fertilizer respectively, and forms a set of top jar Chinese prickly ash complete planting technology system which has convenient raw material sources, low use cost and high yield and quality promotion. The practice proves that the method can make the tree body of the pricklyash peel in the top jar healthier, can obviously improve the flower bud differentiation quality, can improve the soil environment quality, can greatly improve the yield and quality of the pricklyash peel in the top jar, and has great significance for planting and producing the pricklyash peel in the top jar.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation, which comprises the following steps:
step one: applying a fertilizer for cultivating branches
The branch fertilizer is a high-nitrogen sulfur-based compound fertilizer, and is applied twice in late 6 months and early 8 months, the application amount is 0.2-0.5 kg/plant for all plants at the first time, the fertilization depth is 15-30 cm, the application amount is 0.4-0.6 kg/plant for plants with poor tree vigor at the second time, the fertilization depth is 15-30 cm, and the fertilization area is 20cm within the water drip line of the tree crown;
step two: applying a base fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation
The flower bud differentiation promoting base fertilizer is a decomposed organic fertilizer of pepper branches and leaves and weeds, and is applied in 11-12 months each year, the application amount is 2-5 kg/plant, the fertilization depth is 15-20 cm, and the fertilization area is 1 week of vertical projection line at the edge of the crown;
step three: applying foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation
The foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation consists of monopotassium phosphate, a plant growth regulator and/or a boron fertilizer, and is applied in two links, wherein the first link is applied for 3-4 times and the second link is applied for 2-3 times, the application amount of each of the two links is 0.5-0.8 kg/plant, and the application interval is 15-20 d;
preferably, the branch fertilizer is a high tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the preparation process of the flower bud differentiation promoting base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1) killing: the lufenuron, abamectin, pyraclostrobin and clean tap water are prepared into disinfectant liquid for killing pepper branches and leaves and weeds;
step 2) decomposing: respectively pulverizing branches and leaves of fructus Zanthoxyli and weeds, air drying, and decomposing;
step 3) mixing.
Preferably, in the step 1), the volume ratio of lufenuron, abamectin, pyraclostrobin and clean tap water is 1:1:1: (1000-1500); the mass ratio of the disinfectant to the pepper branches and leaves or weeds is 1:5-8.
Preferably, in the step 2), the pepper branches and leaves are crushed into 1-1.5 cm in length, and the decomposition time is 40-60 d; crushing weeds into 20-30 cm length, and decomposing for 60-90 d; the compost height is not less than 2m.
Preferably, the mixing mass ratio of the pepper branches and leaves after decomposition to the weeds after decomposition in the step 3) is 1:2-3.
Preferably, the foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation applied in the first link of the third step is prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, triacontanol and clean tap water, and the foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation applied in the second link of the third step is prepared from potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brassin, boron sulfide and clean tap water.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the triacontanol and the clean tap water is (2:1-3:1): 1: (500-600); the mixing ratio of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the brassin to the sulfur boron to the clean tap water is 3:1:1: (500-600); wherein the monopotassium phosphate is calculated by mass, and the rest components are calculated by volume.
The invention also provides application of the fertilization method in planting of the pricklyash peel in the top jar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
firstly, the tree body is healthier. Healthy and robust tree body is the most basic requirement for cultivating Zanthoxylum bungeanum in top jar. By implementing the technology of the invention, the top jar Chinese prickly ash tree body is higher and bigger, and the crown height is increased by more than 0.5 times than that of the contrast; the branches are strong, the phenomena of yellowing, withering and the like of leaves are obviously slowed down, the photosynthesis capacity is greatly enhanced, and sufficient nutrients are stored for the tree body. At the same time, the utilization capacity of the resources is optimized.
Secondly, the flower bud differentiation quality is improved. The flower buds in the invention have the characteristics of plumpness and large circle, are shiny in whole body, have more abundant nutrient contents, remarkably improve the capability of resisting adversity stress, lay an objective foundation for high yield and high quality, and provide the most basic guarantee for improving the yield and the quality.
Thirdly, the soil environment quality is improved. The method reduces the excessive dependence on agricultural materials such as fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, herbicides and the like, greatly reduces the risk of soil pollution, maintains the higher activity of soil microorganisms, is beneficial to improving and enhancing the quality of the soil, and builds a more stable agricultural ecological system. Particularly, the use of herbicide is reduced, and the herbicide makes a remarkable contribution to the maintenance of soil health.
Fourthly, the yield and quality of the pepper are obviously improved. The comparison of the monitoring data shows that the yield of the pricklyash peel in the top jar is 2-3 times that of the control group by using the method of the invention, and the yield value of the pricklyash peel in the top jar is greatly improved. Meanwhile, as the nutrients are more sufficient, the dry matter content of the pricklyash peel in the top jar is also higher, and the pricklyash peel has stronger quality competitive advantage.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and nature of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The materials used in the following examples are all commercially available, and the methods used in the examples are consistent with the methods conventionally used unless otherwise specified.
The technical scheme of the invention is further elaborated in the following in conjunction with examples.
Example 1
The embodiment is located in the North China Jiang Zhenjin well village of Zhenfeng county, is implemented in 2019-2020, has the area of 10ha, is 3 years old, has the height of 2-2.5 m, has good growth vigor, enters the vigorous fruiting period, and does not suffer from the pepper with serious plant diseases and insect pests. The technical link is mainly to assist in describing the scheme, and the related parameters are not unique, and can be adjusted according to actual conditions in production. The specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) Branch fertilizer and application thereof
And applying the branch culturing fertilizer for 2 times. Shi Gaoda nitro-sulfur compound fertilizer (fertilizer registration number: qian agricultural fertilizer (2014) standard character 0607, produced by Guizhou phosphorus-opening group Co., ltd.) for the first time in 6 months, the dosage is 0.3 kg/plant, the fertilization depth is 20cm, and the fertilization area is 20cm within the crown drip line; and carrying out secondary fertilization before 10 am and after 5 pm on 8 months 7-8 days, and applying high-tower nitro-sulfur compound fertilizer with the dosage of 0.5 kg/plant, wherein the fertilization depth is 25cm, and the fertilization area is 20cm within the water drip of the crown. The concentration of N is controlled in the fertilization process to prevent branches from overgrowing and failing to enter reproductive growth.
(2) Flower bud differentiation promoting base fertilizer and application thereof
After the branches and leaves of the pricklyash peel and weeds are mowed, lufenuron, abamectin, pyraclostrobin and clean tap water are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1:1200, and then the liquid medicine and weeds or branches and leaves are subjected to the disinfection treatment of insect killing, sterilization, egg killing and the like according to the mass ratio of 1:7. The spraying is preferably performed only 1 time. Crushing the killed pepper branches and leaves into a length of 1.2cm, naturally airing, and decomposing for 50 days, wherein the height of decomposed compost is 3.2m; meanwhile, the field weeds after sterilization are crushed into the length of 25cm, and the field weeds are decomposed for 80 days after natural air drying, wherein the height of decomposed compost is 2.8m. Uniformly mixing the decomposed weeds with the decomposed branches and leaves of the pricklyash peel in the top jar according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1 to prepare the base fertilizer. The prepared base fertilizer is applied along the water dripping line of the tree crown for 1 week for 11 months to 21 days, the depth is 20cm, the dosage of each plant is 3kg, and the prepared base fertilizer is timely covered with soil and uniformly mixed after being applied, so that the fertilizer can be fully fermented, and the fertilizer efficiency can be conveniently exerted.
(3) Foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation and application thereof
The first link is: potassium dihydrogen phosphate: triacontanol: clean tap water according to 3:1:600, and the dosage of the pricklyash peel liquid medicine in each top jar is 0.6kg; the administration is carried out for 4 times, and the time is 9 months, 4 days, 9 months, 20 days, 10 months, 5 days and 10 months, 21 days respectively, and the operation method is the same each time. During the administration period, the atmospheric temperature is 20-23 ℃, and the weather is mainly in overcast days and breeze, and mainly prevents dripping and rapid evaporation after the administration of the medicine.
The second link is: potassium dihydrogen phosphate: brassin: sulfur boron: clean tap water in a ratio of 3:1:1:500, and the application method is the same as that of the previous link. The total application was 2 times, the time was respectively: 10 months 30 days, 11 months 18 days. The concentration of the drug is relatively high, and thus 2 times in total.
Except for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the rest is calculated by volume.
The experimental results of example 1 are as follows:
the proportion of green leaves is above 98%, and the proportion of unhealthy leaves such as yellow leaves, rolled leaves and the like is smaller; the probability of occurrence of diseases and insect pests such as red rust disease, scale insects and the like is reduced by more than 70 percent; the diameter of the branches is above 0.8cm, the bark is smooth and shiny, and the growth condition is good; the average yield is 7.5 kg/plant, and the fresh pepper peel has bright appearance and prominent wart. Overall, the method of this embodiment achieves better results and has become an important viewing base for the planting of peppers in Guizhou.
Example 2
The embodiment is located in the North China Jiang Zhen cat village of Zhenfeng county, is implemented in the period of 2020-2021, has the area of 8ha, is 4 years old, has the height of 1.8-2.5 m, is good in growth, enters the vigorous fruiting period and does not suffer serious diseases and insect pests, and is implemented as follows:
(1) Branch fertilizer and application thereof
And applying the branch culturing fertilizer for 2 times. Shi Gaoda nitro-sulfur compound fertilizer (fertilizer registration number: qian agricultural fertilizer (2014) standard character 0607, produced by Guizhou phosphorus-opening group Co., ltd.) for the first time in 22-24 days, the dosage is 0.4 kg/plant, the fertilization depth is 25cm, and the fertilization area is 20cm within the crown drip line; and carrying out secondary fertilization before 10 am and after 4 pm on 8 months 3-5 days, wherein the dosage of the secondary fertilization is 0.6 kg/plant, the fertilization depth is 20cm, and the fertilization area is 20cm below the drip line of the crown.
(2) Flower bud differentiation promoting base fertilizer and application thereof
After the branches and leaves of the pricklyash peel and weeds are mowed, lufenuron, abamectin, pyraclostrobin and clean tap water are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1:1500 to prepare the liquid medicine, and then the liquid medicine and weeds or branches and leaves are subjected to sterilization treatment such as 1 time of insect killing, sterilization, egg killing and the like according to the mass ratio of 1:6. The sterilization is an indispensable technical link for preparing the organic fertilizer, and is also a powerful means for preventing cross infection and transmission of diseases.
Crushing the killed pepper branches and leaves into a length of 1.5cm, naturally airing, and decomposing for 60 days, wherein the height of decomposed compost is 2.7m; meanwhile, the field weeds after sterilization are crushed into 20cm in length, and the field weeds are decomposed for 70 days after natural air drying, wherein the height of decomposed compost is 2.5m. Uniformly mixing the decomposed field weeds with the decomposed branches and leaves of the top jar Chinese prickly ash according to the mass ratio of 2:1 to prepare the base fertilizer. The prepared base fertilizer is applied along the water dripping line of the tree crown for 1 week in the period of 11 months 25-27 days, the depth is 15cm, the dosage of each plant is 4kg, and the soil and the fertilizer are uniformly mixed and covered.
(3) Foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation and application thereof
The first link is: potassium dihydrogen phosphate: triacontanol: clean tap water according to 3:1:500, and the usage amount of the pricklyash peel liquid medicine in each top jar is 0.5kg; the administration is carried out for 4 times, and the time is 9 months 2 days, 9 months 18 days, 10 months 3 days and 10 months 19 days respectively, and the operation method is the same each time. During the application period, the atmospheric temperature is 20-25 ℃, the weather is mainly in cloudy days and breeze, the application is carried out on sunny days at 10 am and after 5 pm, and the application is preferably carried out on leaf surfaces immediately before dripping. In the actual operation process, the sizes of the tree body and the tree crown are different, so that the medicine is uniformly used as much as possible.
The second link is: potassium dihydrogen phosphate: brassin: sulfur boron: clean tap water at 3:1:1:600 are mixed evenly and the application method is the same as the previous link. Total administration was 3 times for the following times: the weather conditions during administration need to be strictly controlled for 10 months, 28 days, 11 months, 15 days and 11 months, 30 days.
Except for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the rest is calculated by volume.
The experimental results of example 2 are as follows:
the proportion of green leaves is above 95%, the leaves are flat and have no holes, and the proportion of unhealthy leaves such as yellow leaves, rolled leaves and the like is smaller; the occurrence probability of diseases and insect pests such as red rust disease, scale insects and the like is reduced by more than 60 percent, and the occurrence probability is obviously reduced; the diameters of branches are concentrated at 0.7-1.0 cm, and bark is smooth and shiny; visually observing the plump and hypertrophic flower buds; the average yield is 6.5 kg/plant, the diameter of the fresh pepper fruit is larger, and the peel is obviously thicker than that of the control.
Comparative example 1
Selecting pepper with 4 years of forest age, 2-2.5 m of tree height and good growth, entering into vigorous fruiting period, and no obvious plant diseases and insect pests, only applying high-tower nitro-sulfur compound fertilizer (fertilizer registration number: qian agricultural fertilizer (2014) standard character 0607, produced by Guizhou phosphorus-opening group Co., ltd.) respectively in the last ten days of 2 months, the next ten days of 4 months, the middle ten days of 8 months and the middle ten days of 11 months, wherein the dosage is 80-100 g/plant each time, and the specific fertilization amount is increased or decreased according to the tree situation, and the implementation area is 400m 2 。
Comparing the experimental results of examples 1-2 and comparative example 1, it can be seen that the following significant progress was achieved by the method of the present invention:
(1) The thickness of the blades in the embodiment of the invention is generally more than 0.36-4.0 mm, while the thickness of the blades of the control group is generally more than 0.30-0.33 mm, and the thickness of the blades is obviously increased.
(2) The color of the blade in the embodiment of the invention is dark green, the luster is good, and the proportion of green leaves is more than 98%; the leaves of the control group are yellow, the proportion of yellow leaves is more than 80%, and the proportion of fallen leaves in autumn and winter is as high as 90%. Because the prevention and control of fallen leaves in autumn and winter are key technical measures in cultivation of the pricklyash peel in the top jar, the method of the invention better solves the problem.
(3) The diameter of the branches in the embodiment of the invention is 0.5-1.0 cm, which is obviously increased compared with the diameter of the branches in the control group, which shows that the stored nutrient content is higher, thereby laying good conditions for flower bud differentiation.
(4) The bark in the embodiment of the invention has flat epidermis and good glossiness; bark of the control group was rough and dull, showing typical symptoms of nutrient deficiency.
(5) The flower buds in the embodiment of the invention are full and rich in differentiation and good in permeability; and the flower buds of the control group are weak, so that the capability of resisting environmental stress is poor.
(6) The plant in the embodiment of the invention obviously enhances the occurrence resistance of plant diseases and insect pests, reduces the occurrence probability of scale insects by more than 60 percent, and greatly reduces the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
(7) After the method of the invention is used, the average yield of the pricklyash peel in the top jar can reach 7-8 kg/plant, and the yield of the control group is generally 1-3 kg/plant. The technical scheme of the invention provides a template for the transformation of low-yield forest of top jar peppers, and can be popularized in the planting area of top jar peppers in karst dry and hot valleys.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The fertilizing method for promoting cultivation of pepper branches and flower bud differentiation is characterized in that the pepper is a top jar pepper, and comprises the following steps:
step one: applying a fertilizer for cultivating branches
The branch fertilizer is a high tower nitro-sulfur-based compound fertilizer, and is applied twice in late 6 months and early 8 months, the application amount is 0.2-0.5 kg/plant for all plants at the first time, the fertilization depth is 15-30 cm, the application amount is 0.4-0.6 kg/plant for plants with poor tree vigor at the second time, the fertilization depth is 15-30 cm, and the fertilization area is 20-cm within the water dripping line of the tree crown;
step two: applying a base fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation
The flower bud differentiation promoting base fertilizer is a decomposed organic fertilizer of pepper branches and leaves and weeds, and is applied in 11-12 months each year, the application amount is 2-5 kg/plant, the fertilization depth is 15-20 cm, and the fertilization area is 1 week of vertical projection line at the edge of the crown;
the preparation process of the flower bud differentiation promoting base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step 1) killing: the lufenuron, abamectin, pyraclostrobin and clean tap water are prepared into disinfectant liquid for killing pepper branches and leaves and weeds;
the volume ratio of lufenuron, abamectin, pyraclostrobin and clean tap water is 1:1:1: (1000-1500); the mass ratio of the disinfectant to the pepper branches and leaves and the disinfectant to the weeds is 1:5-8;
step 2) decomposing: respectively pulverizing branches and leaves of fructus Zanthoxyli and weeds, air drying, and decomposing;
crushing the pepper branches and leaves into 1-1.5 cm long, wherein the decomposition time is 40-60 d; crushing weeds into a length of 20-30 cm, wherein the decomposition time is 60-90 d; the compost height is not lower than 2m;
step 3) mixing;
the mixing mass ratio of the pepper branches and leaves after decomposition to the weeds after decomposition is 1:2-3;
step three: applying foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation
The foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation is applied in two links, wherein the first link starts in the last ten days of 9 months, the second link starts in the last ten days of 10 months, the first link is applied for 3-4 times, the second link is applied for 2-3 times, the application amount of each time in the two links is 0.5-0.8 kg/plant, and the application interval is 15-20 d; the foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation in the first link is prepared from monopotassium phosphate, triacontanol and clean tap water, wherein the mixing ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the triacontanol and the clean tap water is 3:1: (500-600); in the second link, the foliar fertilizer for promoting flower bud differentiation is prepared from monopotassium phosphate, brassin, fluid boron and clean tap water, wherein the mixing ratio of the monopotassium phosphate, the brassin, the fluid boron and the clean tap water is 3:1:1: (500-600); wherein the monopotassium phosphate is calculated by mass, and the rest components are calculated by volume.
2. The application of the fertilizing method of claim 1 in planting pricklyash peel in a top jar.
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| CN106810373A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-09 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese prickly ash nutrition fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108432539A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-24 | 佛山市聚成生化技术研发有限公司 | A kind of Chinese prickly ash implantation methods rich in various trace elements |
| CN108848841A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Zanthoxylum bungeanum special fertilizing method |
| CN109258244A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-25 | 邓思浩 | The implantation methods of selenium-rich grape |
| CN110169297A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-27 | 重庆市九龙坡区农业农村委员会 | A kind of method that nitric acid phosphorous compound fertilizer is applied in fruit tree kind fertilising regional soil acidification |
| CN114391415A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-04-26 | 贵州师范大学 | Method for promoting flower bud differentiation of zanthoxylum bungeanum and application thereof |
| CN114668014A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-28 | 达州神龙寨青花椒种植专业合作社 | Medicament and method for promoting lignification and flower bud differentiation of green pepper branches |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106810373A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-09 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese prickly ash nutrition fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108432539A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-24 | 佛山市聚成生化技术研发有限公司 | A kind of Chinese prickly ash implantation methods rich in various trace elements |
| CN108848841A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Zanthoxylum bungeanum special fertilizing method |
| CN109258244A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-25 | 邓思浩 | The implantation methods of selenium-rich grape |
| CN110169297A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-08-27 | 重庆市九龙坡区农业农村委员会 | A kind of method that nitric acid phosphorous compound fertilizer is applied in fruit tree kind fertilising regional soil acidification |
| CN114391415A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-04-26 | 贵州师范大学 | Method for promoting flower bud differentiation of zanthoxylum bungeanum and application thereof |
| CN114668014A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-28 | 达州神龙寨青花椒种植专业合作社 | Medicament and method for promoting lignification and flower bud differentiation of green pepper branches |
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