CN115316657B - 一种用于阿兹海默症人群或高危人群的营养组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于阿兹海默症人群或高危人群的营养组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于阿兹海默症人群或高危人群的营养组合物,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:蛋白质类物质170‑300份、脂肪类物质85‑250份、碳水化合物450‑770份、膳食纤维类物质10‑155份、微量矿物质1.2‑3.5份、宏量矿物质47‑180份、维生素2.0‑8.3份、牛磺酸0.1‑1.0份、左旋肉碱0.05‑0.5份、乳铁蛋白0.9‑1.0份。本发明富含优质动植物蛋白质、脂肪酸、多种维生素、矿物质及水溶性膳食纤维,易消化吸收,在改善阿兹海默症人群或高危人群身体机能,减缓阿兹海默症的发生发展方面效果显著,适宜阿兹海默症人群或高危人群食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种用于阿兹海默症人群或高危人群的营养组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
阿兹海默症(Alzheimer's Disease,AD)是最常见的神经退行性疾病,约占老年痴呆病例的80%,其发病风险随着年龄的增长而增加,目前影响全球超过5000万人,预计到2050年将影响1.5亿人。AD最主要的病理特征是β淀粉样蛋白(β-amyliodprotein,Aβ)聚集形成的老年斑以及Tau蛋白过度磷酸化引起的神经纤维缠结。随着全球人口老龄化的加剧,AD带来的社会、经济和公共卫生问题日益突出。由于AD病因复杂,目前对于AD的发病机制尚无统一且明确的结论。研究显示,大约35%的痴呆症是由于不健康的生活方式造成的,另有流行病学调查结果指出,膳食成分和饮食结构在AD预防和治疗中发挥着重要作用。因此,从膳食营养素的角度入手,制定预防和延缓AD发病的有效策略成为近年来的热点研究方向之一。
鉴于此,提供一种营养素配置合理且易消化吸收,并有助于改善阿兹海默症人群或高危人群身体机能,从而达到延缓AD发生发展的营养组合物具有重大的意义,但目前还没有针对阿兹海默症人群或高危人群相关保健食品的研究报道。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种用于阿兹海默症人群或高危人群的营养组合物,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质170-300份、脂肪类物质85-250份、碳水化合物450-770份、膳食纤维类物质10-155份、微量矿物质1.2-3.5份、宏量矿物质47-180份、维生素2.0-8.3份、牛磺酸0.1-1.0份、左旋肉碱0.05-0.5份、乳铁蛋白0.9-1.0份。
进一步地,所述蛋白质类物质包括乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白、酪蛋白任意一种或多种;
所述脂肪类物质包括菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯任意一种或多种;所述菜籽油为低芥酸菜籽油。
进一步地,所述膳食纤维类物质包括低聚半乳糖和/或低聚果糖;
所述碳水化合物包括麦芽糊精和/或玉米糖浆;所述玉米糖浆为固体玉米糖浆。
进一步地,所述微量矿物质包括硫酸铜、焦磷酸铁、硫酸锰、亚硒酸钠、柠檬酸锌、碘化钾任意一种或多种;
所述宏量矿物质包括磷酸三钙、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氯化钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠任意一种或多种。
进一步地,所述维生素包括L-抗坏血酸钠、dl-α-醋酸生育酚、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙、盐酸吡哆醇、盐酸硫胺素、棕榈酸维生素A、核黄素、叶酸、植物甲萘醌、D-生物素、胆钙化醇、氰钴胺任意一种或多种。
进一步地,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质190-240份、脂肪类物质110-250份、碳水化合物450-580份、膳食纤维类物质40-80份、微量矿物质1.5-3.0份、宏量矿物质50-100份、维生素3-7份、牛磺酸0.2-0.6份、左旋肉碱0.1-0.3份、乳铁蛋白0.9-1.0份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由质量比15~35:37~90:80~161的乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白和酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是质量比22~45:45~80:18~38:25~65的低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;
所述碳水化合物是由质量比300~400:120~200的麦芽糊精和固体玉米糖浆组成;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由质量比20~50:20~30的低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖组成;
所述微量矿物质是由质量比0.02:0.25~0.35:0.03~0.04:0.0008~0.001:0.15~0.2:0.0015~0.0025:1.3~2.0的硫酸铜、焦磷酸铁、硫酸锰、亚硒酸钠、柠檬酸锌、碘化钾和可食用载体组成;
所述宏量矿物质是由质量比12~16:10~14:4~6:7~10:9~11:15~16:3~7的磷酸三钙、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氯化钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠和可食用载体组成;
所述维生素是由质量比1~2:0.3~0.4:0.15~0.2:0.06~0.1:0.018~0.03:0.03~0.04:0.018~0.03:0.02~0.03:0.002~0.004:0.0009~0.001:0.0002~0.0003:0.0001~0.0003:0.00003~0.00005:1.5~4的L-抗坏血酸钠、dl-α-醋酸生育酚、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙、盐酸吡哆醇、盐酸硫胺素、棕榈酸维生素A、核黄素、叶酸、植物甲萘醌、D-生物素、胆钙化醇、氰钴胺和可食用载体组成。
更进一步地,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质205份、脂肪类物质223.6份、碳水化合物450份、膳食纤维类物质50份、微量矿物质1.8份、宏量矿物质60份、维生素4份、牛磺酸0.5份、左旋肉碱0.1份、乳铁蛋白1.0份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由质量比25:80:100的乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白和酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由质量比45:80:38:60.6的低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;
所述碳水化合物是由质量比300:150的麦芽糊精和固体玉米糖浆组成;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由质量比20:30的低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖组成;
所述微量矿物质是由质量比0.02:0.25:0.03:0.0008:0.15:0.002:1.3的硫酸铜、焦磷酸铁、硫酸锰、亚硒酸钠、柠檬酸锌、碘化钾和可食用载体组成;
所述宏量矿物质是由质量比12:10:4:7:9:15:3的磷酸三钙、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氯化钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠和可食用载体组成;
所述维生素是由质量比1.3:0.4:0.15:0.06:0.02:0.03:0.02:0.02:0.002:0.001:0.0003:0.0002:0.00003:2.0的L-抗坏血酸钠、dl-α-醋酸生育酚、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙、盐酸吡哆醇、盐酸硫胺素、棕榈酸维生素A、核黄素、叶酸、植物甲萘醌、D-生物素、胆钙化醇、氰钴胺和可食用载体组成。
本发明还提供了一种制备前述营养组合物的方法,它包括如下步骤:
1)按配比称取原料;
2)取牛磺酸、左旋肉碱和乳铁蛋白混合,30rpm搅拌15min,得预混料a;取维生素和微量矿物质混合,30rpm搅拌30min,得预混料b;取宏量矿物质和膳食纤维类物质混合,30rpm搅拌40min,得预混料c;取蛋白质类物质30rpm,搅拌60min,得预混料d;取碳水化合物30rpm搅拌60min,得预混料e;
3)取预混料a、b、c混合,30rpm搅拌45min,加预混料d,30rpm搅拌45min,再加脂肪类物质30rpm搅拌45min,最后加预混料e,30rpm搅拌45min,即得。
本发明还提供了一种前述的营养组合物在制备改善阿兹海默症人群或高危人群身体机能的食品中的用途。
进一步地,所述食品是保健食品或膳食补充剂。
本发明营养组合物中的蛋白质来源于乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白、酪蛋白等多种优质蛋白,为人体提供不同形式的氮源,有助于消化吸收。组合物中添加了低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖等良好来源的膳食纤维,有助于患者胃肠道蠕动,预防便秘发生。组合物中提供中链甘油三酯等优质脂肪,在肠道内能被快速分解消化,吸收利用率高,代谢较完全,且富含亚油酸、亚麻酸等多种不饱和脂肪酸。同时,组合物添加具有免疫调节、抗炎、抗氧化、抗凋亡等多种生物学作用的乳铁蛋白成分,通过保护AD神经元、抑制朊病毒在脑中沉积的机制预防治疗阿兹海默症的发生发展。具体成分作用如表1所示。
表1产品中各成分作用
通过前期试验研究,本发明组合物能够有效满足阿兹海默症患者的生理需要和营养需求,显著减缓阿兹海默症的发生发展,为临床病人康复提供有效的营养支持。在本发明组合物中,多种成分相互配合,对于配方营养物质在有机体内的吸收、利用和代谢具有重要影响。AD患者机体蛋白质合成能力相对较弱,血浆中必需氨基酸水平较低,配方中乳清蛋白、酪蛋白和大豆蛋白是优质的蛋白质补充剂,氨基酸含量丰富且配比适宜,能够轻松消化吸收,具有低热量高饱腹、促进矿物质高效吸收等特点。脂类物质可为机体提供充足能量,防止损伤细胞,调节大脑功能;脂肪酸在机体中可直接或间接参与突触发育、神经元生长及增殖的基因表达等过程,且具有显著的调节神经细胞分化作用,其中多不饱和脂肪酸是大脑中枢神经系统的必须结构成分,摄入足够的多不饱和脂肪酸可改变大脑中若干基因表达状态,反之若人体缺乏多不饱和脂肪酸则可造成认知功能损伤,组合物中添加的中链甘油三酯、葵花籽油和低芥酸菜籽油,可满足人体必需脂肪酸需求,其富含的多种生物活性成分,能够降低血脂和胆固醇、改善脂质代谢。组合物中微量营养素如B族维生素是神经元膜磷脂、神经递质、DNA合成的甲基供体,若体内缺乏B族维生素将增加高同型半胱氨酸血症发生率,进而增加神经元及血管结构损伤概率;维生素C、维生素E、锌元素等物质是典型的抗氧化营养素,可起到显著的神经保护作用,有效拮抗自由基氧化损伤。乳铁蛋白具有免疫调节、抗炎、抗氧化、抗凋亡等多种生物学作用,有助于缓解AD患者的认知功能及血清Aβ水平。组合物中多种营养素协同作用,可有效减缓阿兹海默症的发生发展。
经细胞和动物试验显示:本发明营养组合物配置合理,富含优质动植物蛋白质、脂肪酸、多种维生素、矿物质及水溶性膳食纤维,易消化吸收,可作为单一或者部分营养来源进行营养补充,在改善阿兹海默症人群或高危人群身体机能,减缓阿兹海默症的发生发展方面效果显著,适宜阿兹海默症人群或高危人群食用。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1不同浓度Aβ25-35干预不同时间对N2a细胞活力的影响
图2不同蛋白组件对AD模型细胞活力的影响(*表示P<0.05)
图3小鼠新物体识别能力指数(*表示P<0.05)
图4小鼠开放旷场活动情况(a、小鼠在中心区域停留的时间,*表示P<0.05),b、小鼠运动总距离,*表示P<0.05)
图5小鼠水迷宫活动情况(a、小鼠在各象限的探索时间(*表示P<0.05),b、Morris水迷宫代表性空间探索轨迹)
具体实施方式
实施例1本发明全营养配方食品
配方:蛋白质类物质205份,脂肪类物质223.6份、碳水化合物450份、膳食纤维类物质50份、复合微量矿物质1.8份、复合宏量矿物质60份、复合维生素4份、牛磺酸0.5份、左旋肉碱0.1份、乳铁蛋白1份;
其中,蛋白质类物质为乳清蛋白25份、大豆蛋白80份、酪蛋白100份;
脂肪类物质是以低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体为原料,经微囊化加工而成的植物油微囊粉;中链甘油三酯38份、葵花籽油80份、低芥酸菜籽油45份,其余为可食用载体(即质量比90:38:2:0.6的低聚麦芽糖、酪蛋白酸钠、三聚磷酸钠、维生素E混合而成的可食用载体);
碳水化合物为麦芽糊精300份、固体玉米糖浆150份。
膳食纤维类物质为低聚半乳糖20份、低聚果糖30份。
复合微量矿物质为硫酸铜0.02份、焦磷酸铁0.25份、硫酸锰0.03份、亚硒酸钠0.0008份、柠檬酸锌0.15份、碘化钾0.002份,余量为复合微量矿物质载体麦芽糊精。
复合宏量矿物质为磷酸三钙12份、碳酸钙10份、碳酸镁4份、氯化钾7份、柠檬酸钾9份、柠檬酸钠15份,余量为复合宏量矿物质载体麦芽糊精。
复合维生素为L-抗坏血酸钠1.3份、dl-α-醋酸生育酚0.4份、烟酰胺0.15份、D-泛酸钙0.06份、盐酸吡哆醇0.02份、盐酸硫胺素0.03份、棕榈酸维生素A0.02份、核黄素0.02份、叶酸0.002份、植物甲萘醌0.001份、D-生物素0.0003份、胆钙化醇0.0002份、氰钴胺0.00003份,余量为复合维生素载体麦芽糊精。
制备方法,
(1)准确称量原辅料
预混料a:牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、乳铁蛋白;
预混料b:复合维生素、复合微量矿物质;
预混料c:复合宏量矿物质、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖;
预混料d:乳清蛋白、酪蛋白、大豆蛋白;
预混料e:麦芽糊精、固体玉米糖浆。
(2)预混料a、b、c、d、e
将预混料a的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌10min,得到预混料a;将预混料b的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌20min,得到预混料b;将预混料c的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌30min,得到预混料c;将预混料d的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min,得到预混料d;将预混料e的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min,得到预混料e。
(3)总混
将预混料a、b、c转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min;将预混料d转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min;将植物油微囊粉投入混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min;将预混料e转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min,得到成品。
(4)分装及包装
将混合好的成品在无菌条件下进行分装及包装。
以上操作步骤均在符合GB 14881《食品安全国家标准食品生产通用卫生规范》要求的洁净干燥环境内进行。
每100g成品中含有的营养成分如表2所示。
表2每100g产品中含有的营养成分
营养成分 | 含量 | 营养成分 | 含量 |
能量/KJ | 1884.16 | 维生素B2/mg | 1.28 |
蛋白质/g | 20.05 | 维生素B6/mg | 1.48 |
脂肪/g | 16.42 | 维生素B12/μg | 2.76 |
碳水化合物/g | 52.83 | 烟酸/mg | 8.96 |
钠/mg | 470.14 | 叶酸/μg | 182.00 |
钙/mg | 857.11 | 泛酸/mg | 4.00 |
磷/mg | 291.22 | 维生素C/mg | 80.00 |
镁/mg | 99.73 | 生物素/μg | 24.00 |
钾/mg | 713.94 | 铜/μg | 450.08 |
氯/mg | 327.36 | 铁/mg | 6.28 |
亚油酸/g | 5.09 | 锌/mg | 4.28 |
α-亚麻酸/mg | 755.77 | 锰/μg | 900.00 |
膳食纤维/g | 4.43 | 碘/μg | 96.00 |
维生素A/μgRE | 640.00 | 硒/μg | 31.50 |
维生素D/μg | 8.80 | 牛磺酸/mg | 46 |
维生素E/mgα-TE | 35.58 | 左旋肉碱/mg | 10 |
维生素K1/μg | 40.00 | 乳铁蛋白/mg | 88.36 |
维生素B1/mg | 1.28 |
实施例2本发明全营养配方食品
配方:蛋白质类物质233份、脂肪类物质150份、碳水化合物520份、膳食纤维类物质45份、复合微量矿物质2.5份、复合宏量矿物质70份、复合维生素6份、牛磺酸0.3份、左旋肉碱0.2份、乳铁蛋白0.9份;
其中:
蛋白质类物质乳清蛋白35份、大豆蛋白37份、酪蛋白161份。
脂肪类物质是以低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体为原料,经微囊化加工而成的植物油微囊粉;中链甘油三酯30份、葵花籽油50份、低芥酸菜籽油25份,其余为可食用载体(即质量比90:38:2:0.6的低聚麦芽糖、酪蛋白酸钠、三聚磷酸钠、维生素E混合而成的可食用载体)。
碳水化合物为麦芽糊精400份、固体玉米糖浆120份。
膳食纤维类物质为低聚半乳糖25份、低聚果糖20份。
复合微量矿物质为硫酸铜0.02份、焦磷酸铁0.3份、硫酸锰0.04份、亚硒酸钠0.001份、柠檬酸锌0.2份、碘化钾0.0025份,余量为复合微量矿物质载体麦芽糊精。
复合宏量矿物质为磷酸三钙12份、碳酸钙14份、碳酸镁4份、氯化钾9份、柠檬酸钾10份、柠檬酸钠15份,余量为复合宏量矿物质载体麦芽糊精。
复合维生素为L-抗坏血酸钠2份、dl-α-醋酸生育酚0.5份、烟酰胺0.2份、D-泛酸钙0.1份、盐酸吡哆醇0.03份、盐酸硫胺素0.04份、棕榈酸维生素A 0.03份、核黄素0.03份、叶酸0.004份、植物甲萘醌0.002份、D-生物素0.0003份、胆钙化醇0.0003份、氰钴胺0.00005份,余量为复合维生素载体麦芽糊精。
制备方法:
(1)准确称量原辅料
预混料a:牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、乳铁蛋白;
预混料b:复合维生素、复合微量矿物质;
预混料c:复合宏量矿物质、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖;
预混料d:乳清蛋白、酪蛋白、大豆蛋白;
预混料e:麦芽糊精、固体玉米糖浆。
(2)预混料a、b、c、d、e
将预混料a的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌15min,得到预混料a;将预混料b的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌30min,得到预混料b;将预混料c的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌40min,得到预混料c;将预混料d的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌60min,得到预混料d;将预混料e的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌60min,得到预混料e。
(3)总混
将预混料a、b、c转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌45min;将预混料d转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌45min;将植物油微囊粉投入混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌45min;将预混料e转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速30rpm,搅拌45min,得到成品。
(4)分装及包装
将混合好的成品在无菌条件下进行分装及包装。
以上操作步骤均在符合GB 14881《食品安全国家标准食品生产通用卫生规范》要求的洁净干燥环境内进行。
实施例3本发明全营养配方食品
配方:蛋白质类物质182份、脂肪类物质112.6份、碳水化合物580份、膳食纤维类物质70份、复合微量矿物质2.2份、复合宏量矿物质80份、复合维生素3.5份、牛磺酸0.4份、左旋肉碱0.3份、乳铁蛋白0.95份。
蛋白质类物质为乳清蛋白15份、大豆蛋白87份、酪蛋白80份。
脂肪类物质是以低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体为原料,经微囊化加工而成的植物油微囊粉,其中中链甘油三酯18份、葵花籽油45份、低芥酸菜籽油22份,其余为可食用载体(即质量比90:38:2:0.6的低聚麦芽糖、酪蛋白酸钠、三聚磷酸钠、维生素E混合而成的可食用载体)。
碳水化合物为麦芽糊精380份、固体玉米糖浆200份。
膳食纤维类物质为低聚半乳糖50份、低聚果糖20份。
复合微量矿物质为硫酸铜0.02份、焦磷酸铁0.35份、硫酸锰0.04份、亚硒酸钠0.001份、柠檬酸锌0.2份、碘化钾0.0015份,余量为复合微量矿物质载体麦芽糊精。
复合宏量矿物质为磷酸三钙16份、碳酸钙14份、碳酸镁6份、氯化钾10份、柠檬酸钾11份、柠檬酸钠16份,余量为复合宏量矿物质载体麦芽糊精。
复合维生素为L-抗坏血酸钠1.0份、dl-α-醋酸生育酚0.3份、烟酰胺0.15份、D-泛酸钙0.07份、盐酸吡哆醇0.018份、盐酸硫胺素0.03份、棕榈酸维生素A0.018份、核黄素0.03份、叶酸0.004份、植物甲萘醌0.0009份、D-生物素0.0002份、胆钙化醇0.0001份、氰钴胺0.00003份,余量为复合维生素载体麦芽糊精。
制备方法:
(1)准确称量原辅料
预混料a:牛磺酸、左旋肉碱、乳铁蛋白;
预混料b:复合维生素、复合微量矿物质;
预混料c:复合宏量矿物质、低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖;
预混料d:乳清蛋白、酪蛋白、大豆蛋白;
预混料e:麦芽糊精、固体玉米糖浆。
(2)预混料a、b、c、d、e
将预混料a的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌10min,得到预混料a;将预混料b的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌20min,得到预混料b;将预混料c的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌30min,得到预混料c;将预混料d的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌40min,得到预混料d;将预混料e的辅料转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌40min,得到预混料e。
(3)总混
将预混料a、b、c转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌40min;将预混料d转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌40min;将植物油微囊粉投入混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌40min;将预混料e转移至三维运动混合机进行混合,转速50rpm,搅拌40min,得到成品。
(4)分装及包装
将混合好的成品在无菌条件下进行分装及包装。
以上操作步骤均在符合GB 14881《食品安全国家标准食品生产通用卫生规范》要求的洁净干燥环境内进行。
对比例1
其他条件和步骤和实施例1相同,区别在于不添加乳铁蛋白。
对比例2
其他条件和步骤和实施例1相同,区别在于乳清蛋白的用量改为9份,乳铁蛋白用量改为0.6份。
对比例3
其他条件和步骤和实施例1相同,区别在于大豆蛋白用量改为11份,酪蛋白用量改为62份。
对比例4
其他条件和步骤和实施例1相同,区别在于乳清蛋白用量改为12份,大豆蛋白用量改为32份,酪蛋白用量改为41份。
对比例5
其他条件和步骤和实施例1相同,区别在于乳清蛋白用量改为11份,大豆蛋白用量改为80份,酪蛋白用量改为30份,乳铁蛋白用量改为0.6份。
以下通过试验例说明本发明的有益效果:
试验例1配方中蛋白效果试验
1、试验用全营养配方
组件A:乳清蛋白26份,酪蛋白142份,大豆蛋白66份,乳铁蛋白0.95份。
组件B:乳清蛋白19份,酪蛋白119份,大豆蛋白77份,乳铁蛋白0.9份。
组件C:酪蛋白、大豆蛋白、乳铁蛋白添加量同组件A,乳清蛋白用量改为9份。
组件D:乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白、乳铁蛋白添加量同组件A,酪蛋白用量改为42份。
组件E:乳清蛋白、酪蛋白、乳铁蛋白添加量同组件A,大豆蛋白用量改为14份。
组件F:乳清蛋白、酪蛋白、大豆蛋白添加量同组件A,乳铁蛋白用量改为0.4份。
组件G:乳清蛋白用量改为7份,酪蛋白用量改为195份,大豆蛋白用量改为92份,乳铁蛋白用量改为0.4份。
组件H:乳清蛋白用量改为49份,酪蛋白用量改为14份,大豆蛋白用量改为113份,乳铁蛋白用量改为0.8份。
2、试验用AD细胞模型
使用N2a细胞经不同浓度(0、2.5、5、10、20、40、80、160μmol/L)的Aβ25-35处理12、24、48和72h后,利用CCK-8法分别检测细胞活力,如图1所示,随着Aβ25-35干预浓度和处理时间的增加,细胞活力逐渐降低,当Aβ25-35浓度为20μmol/L时,干预时间为24h时,细胞活力为80%左右。因此选择20μmol/LAβ25-35干预24h建立AD细胞模型。
3、方法
分别采用以上8个蛋白质组件组成的营养配方对AD细胞模型进行处理,即使用含10%FBS细胞培养基分别配制8个蛋白组件至终浓度为40μg/ml,使用预配制的蛋白组件培养基分别干预AD模型细胞24h,再利用CCK-8法分别检测细胞活力,如图2所示,与对照组(正常血清培养,未使用蛋白组件进行干预组)相比,采用蛋白质组件A、B处理后细胞活力显著增加(P<0.05),蛋白质组件C、D、E、F、G、H处理后的细胞活力略有增加,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),结果表明:乳铁蛋白和蛋白质(乳清蛋白,酪蛋白,大豆蛋白)在改善细胞活力方面均起到重要的作用,当任一蛋白的比例超过一定范围,对细胞活力的改善均无实质性的影响。
试验例2配方对比试验
采用实施例1-3和对比例1~5制备的配方食品对小鼠提升认知功能作用进行试验,其步骤包括:
选用APPswe/PS1△E9双转基因AD模型雄性小鼠64只用于实验,10只同窝B6C3野生型(wide type,WT)小鼠作为对照。在屏障环境下将小鼠单笼喂养,适应性喂养一周后,将APP/PS1小鼠随机分为8组,实验1-8组小鼠依次给予本发明实施例1-3,对比例1~5制备的全营养配方,WT野生型对照组小鼠灌胃生理盐水,实验期间除灌胃样品外自由饮水、进食,连续喂养24周。
检测指标:
(1)小鼠体重变化:适应性喂养一周,分别统计各组小鼠的平均体重,观察小鼠体重变化后,根据小鼠体重确定灌胃剂量,全营养配方和生理盐水剂量为1.7g/(kg·d)。
(2)新物体识别实验(the novel object recognition test,NOR)
NOR主要用于评价短期认知功能,在空旷、安静和光线均匀的房间内设置长45cm,宽30cm,高20cm的试验箱,四周不透明。选取两种具有相似大小和形状,但不同颜色的物体进行试验,且小鼠对该两种物体的偏好性近似。NOR可通过比较小鼠对新、旧物体的偏好程度和探索时间评价其学习能力。结果如下图3所示,与WT对照组相比,实验组4-8组(使用的是对比例1~5制备的营养配方)小鼠探索新物体的时间显著缩短,表现为识别指数降低,而实验组1-3组(使用的是实施例1~3制备的营养配方)小鼠识别指数虽有略有降低,但无统计学差异。表明实施例1-3能够改善AD模型小鼠学习能力。
(3)开放旷场实验(open fieldtest,OFT)
OFT是评价动物自主运动探索行为的一种方法,广泛应用于精神领域,通过将小鼠放置于旷场反应箱中,观察其在指定时间内的运动轨迹、运动距离等指标,衡量小鼠的焦虑程度和自主探索能力。各组小鼠自主探索能力如图4a和图4b所示。与WT对照组相比,实验组4-8组小鼠在中心区域停留时间和进入中心区域的次数明显减少,但运动距离和平均活动速率显著增加(P<0.05),提示小鼠明显焦虑。而实验组1-3组小鼠进入中心区域停留时间和进入中心区域的次数及平均活动速率无显著差异(P>0.05)。表明实施例1-3能提高AD模型小鼠自主探索能力。
(4)水迷宫试验(Morris Water Maze,MWZ)
采用国际公认的MWZ评估小鼠对空间位置的学习和记忆能力。基于小鼠本能在水中寻找休息场所,该过程涉及收集与空间定位相关的视觉信息,并对信息进行处理、整合、记忆等复杂的学习过程。如图5a所示,与WT对照组相比,实验组4-8组小鼠在目标象限的探索时间明显减少(P<0.05);而实验组1-3组小鼠在目标象限的时间无显著差异(P>0.05)。表明实施例1-3能改善AD模型小鼠的空间记忆能力。如图5b所示,从各组小鼠的典型运动轨迹图来看,实验组4-8组小鼠在平台撤除后存在搜索平台行为,但对各象限无明显的搜索倾向性,穿越平台次数明显少于WT对照组小鼠;而实验组1-3组小鼠搜索行为增强,对目标象限的倾向性增加,其运动轨迹与WT小鼠基本相似。
综上,本发明营养组合物配置合理,富含优质动植物蛋白质、脂肪酸、多种维生素、矿物质及水溶性膳食纤维,易消化吸收,可作为单一或者部分营养来源进行营养补充,在改善阿兹海默症人群或高危人群身体机能,减缓阿兹海默症的发生发展方面效果显著,适宜阿兹海默症人群或高危人群食用。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于阿兹海默症人群或高危人群的营养组合物,其特征在于:所述营养组合物具有辅助改善记忆的作用,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质190-240份、脂肪类物质110-250份、碳水化合物450-580份、膳食纤维类物质40-80份、微量矿物质1.5-3.0份、宏量矿物质50-100份、维生素3-7份、牛磺酸0.2-0.6份、左旋肉碱0.1-0.3份、乳铁蛋白0.9-1.0份,所述蛋白质类物质在总原料中的质量比为182/1031.95~233/907.2;所述乳铁蛋白在总原料中的质量比为0.9/1027.9~1.0/996;
所述蛋白质类物质是由质量比15~35:37~90:80~161的乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白和酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是质量比22~45:45~80:18~38:25~65的低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;
所述碳水化合物是由质量比300~400:120~200的麦芽糊精和固体玉米糖浆组成;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由质量比20~50:20~30的低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖组成;
所述微量矿物质是由质量比0.02:0.25~0.35:0.03~0.04:0.0008~0.001:0.15~0.2:0.0015~0.0025:1.3~2.0的硫酸铜、焦磷酸铁、硫酸锰、亚硒酸钠、柠檬酸锌、碘化钾和可食用载体组成;
所述宏量矿物质是由质量比12~16:10~14:4~6:7~10:9~11:15~16:3~7的磷酸三钙、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氯化钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠和可食用载体组成;
所述维生素是由质量比1~2:0.3~0.4:0.15~0.2:0.06~0.1:0.018~0.03:0.03~0.04:0.018~0.03:0.02~0.03:0.002~0.004:0.0009~0.001:0.0002~0.0003:0.0001~0.0003:0.00003~0.00005:1.5~4的L-抗坏血酸钠、dl-α-醋酸生育酚、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙、盐酸吡哆醇、盐酸硫胺素、棕榈酸维生素A 、核黄素、叶酸、植物甲萘醌、D-生物素、胆钙化醇、氰钴胺和可食用载体组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于:它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
蛋白质类物质205份、脂肪类物质223.6份、碳水化合物450份、膳食纤维类物质50份、微量矿物质1.8份、宏量矿物质60份、维生素4份、牛磺酸0.5份、左旋肉碱0.1份、乳铁蛋白1.0份;
所述蛋白质类物质是由质量比25:80:100的乳清蛋白、大豆蛋白和酪蛋白组成;
所述脂肪类物质是由质量比45:80:38:60.6的低芥酸菜籽油、葵花籽油、中链甘油三酯和可食用载体制成的植物油微囊粉;
所述碳水化合物是由质量比300:150的麦芽糊精和固体玉米糖浆组成;
所述膳食纤维类物质是由质量比20:30的低聚半乳糖和低聚果糖组成;
所述微量矿物质是由质量比0.02:0.25:0.03:0.0008:0.15:0.002:1.3的硫酸铜、焦磷酸铁、硫酸锰、亚硒酸钠、柠檬酸锌、碘化钾和可食用载体组成;
所述宏量矿物质是由质量比12:10:4:7:9:15:3的磷酸三钙、碳酸钙、碳酸镁、氯化钾、柠檬酸钾、柠檬酸钠和可食用载体组成;
所述维生素是由质量比1.3:0.4:0.15:0.06:0.02:0.03:0.02:0.02:0.002:0.001:0.0003:0.0002:0.00003:2.0的L-抗坏血酸钠、dl-α-醋酸生育酚、烟酰胺、D-泛酸钙、盐酸吡哆醇、盐酸硫胺素、棕榈酸维生素A 、核黄素、叶酸、植物甲萘醌、D-生物素、胆钙化醇、氰钴胺和可食用载体组成。
3.一种制备权利要求1或2所述营养组合物的方法,其特征在于:它包括如下步骤:
按配比称取原料;
取牛磺酸、左旋肉碱和乳铁蛋白混合,30rpm搅拌15min,得预混料a;取维生素和微量矿物质混合,30rpm搅拌30min,得预混料b;取宏量矿物质和膳食纤维类物质混合,30rpm搅拌40min,得预混料c;取蛋白质类物质30rpm,搅拌60min,得预混料d;取碳水化合物30rpm搅拌60min,得预混料e;
取预混料a、b、c混合,30rpm搅拌45min,加预混料d ,30rpm搅拌45min,再加脂肪类物质30rpm搅拌45min,最后加预混料e,30rpm搅拌45min,即得。
4.权利要求1或2所述的营养组合物在制备辅助改善记忆的食品中的用途。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于:所述食品是保健食品或膳食补充剂。
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