CN115233474A - 一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂及其制备方法，按重量份包括以下组成成分：长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体30‑60份，多官能团特殊单体3‑10份，二烯丙基胺盐酸盐3‑8份，金属离子螯合剂1‑3份，引发剂0.5‑2份，去离子水10‑60份。本发明采用上述的一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂及其制备方法，色牢度提升剂可应用于纯棉染色织物和纯棉活性印花织物，经色牢度提升剂处理后，可提高织物的水洗牢度、水泡牢度应用于活性印花织物时，能有效防止印花白底部分的沾色沾污，经多次水洗，仍可保持较好的色牢度，且白底部分洁白无沾色沾污。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织化学品技术领域，特别是涉及一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
活性染料是一类具有阴离子磺酸基(-SO3H)等水溶性基团的水溶性染料，这类染料由于染料分子中水溶性基团的存在，染料容易从已染色的湿纤维上又复溶于水中，造成织物本身色泽变浅，或者会沾污白色或已染成其它色泽的纤维，产生沾色、搭色或串色现象。纯棉织物一般都是用活性染料染色。
为了解决上述问题，纯棉织物经染色或印花后，一般都需要色牢度提升剂来提升牢度。市面上的色牢度提升剂种类很多，品质参差不齐。在消费者服用的过程中，纯棉织物经多次水洗，色牢度随之下降很多，且不同色系放一起洗涤时，易出现沾色、搭色、串色现象，特别是在活性印花织物上，经过多次家庭洗涤，甚至出现了印花白底沾色沾污的现象，严重影响了织物的品质。因此，确有必要开发一种高牢度纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂，来克服现有技术的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂及其制备方法，其具有较好的色牢度，可防止不同色系之间的染色织物出现搭色，同时在活性印花织物上经多次家庭洗涤可防止印花白底沾色沾污。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂及其制备方法，按重量份包括以下组成成分：长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体30-60份，多官能团特殊单体3-10份，二烯丙基胺盐酸盐3-8份，金属离子螯合剂1-3份，引发剂0.5-2份，去离子水10-60份；
长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体为十六烷基烯丙基氯化铵、十八烷基烯丙基氯化铵中的一种；
多官能团特殊单体的结构式为：
优选的，金属离子螯合剂为3-羟基-2，2’-亚氨基二琥珀酸四钠。
优选的，引发剂为过硫酸铵。
一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)在反应容器中依次加入长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体、多官能团特殊单体、二烯丙基胺盐酸盐、金属离子螯合剂和去离子水，开启搅拌，待物料搅拌均匀后，开启加热，使物料升温至65-75℃，停止加热；
(2)配制引发剂溶液：按8％的浓度配制引发剂溶液，然后加入滴加罐中；
(3)向上述反应容器中以20L/h的速率缓慢滴加引发剂溶液，观察物料的升温速率，当温度升至85℃时，立即停止滴加，然后开启循环冷却水降温，当温度下降至78℃时，重新开启滴加，如此反复，直到把引发剂溶液全部滴加完；然后在80-85℃保温反应1-3小时，降温至60℃，加入去离子水，搅拌均匀，过滤出料，即得纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂。
有益效果：
(1)多官能团特殊单体含有易于聚合的乙烯基基团和可供交联的羧基和酰胺基团，乙烯基基团可通过双键与长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体、二烯丙基胺盐酸盐进行三元共聚加成反应，形成含有季铵盐基团和多官能团的高分子物质。
(2)其高分子链上含季铵盐阳离子基团、可供交联反应的羧基基团和酰胺基团，除了季铵盐阳离子基团可与阴离子活性染料形成牢固离子键结合外，多官能团特殊单体中的羧基和酰胺基还可与纤维素纤维大分子上的羟基和羧基形成稳固的交联反应性结合，在模拟家庭洗涤的过程中，可有效防止碱性洗涤剂、温度及物理机械作用力对织物色泽的破坏，进一步提升了织物的色牢度及赋予织物一定的耐洗性能。
(3)其应用于纯棉染色织物和纯棉活性印花织物，经色牢度提升剂处理后，可提高织物的水洗牢度、水泡牢度，特别是当应用于活性印花织物时，多官能团特殊单体参与共聚，能有效防止印花白底部分的沾色沾污，在模拟家庭洗涤过程中，经多次水洗，仍可保持较好的色牢度，且白底部分洁白无沾色沾污。
下面通过实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明进一步描述，实施例中所用各种化学品和试剂如无特别说明均为市售购买。
实施例1
在反应容器中依次加入十八烷基烯丙基氯化铵45份、多官能团特殊单体6份、二烯丙基胺盐酸盐5份、3-羟基-2,2’-亚氨基二琥珀酸四钠1份、过硫酸铵溶液1份和去离子水40份，开启搅拌，待物料搅拌均匀后，开启加热，使物料升温至70℃，停止加热。
配制引发剂溶液：按8％的浓度配制过硫酸铵溶液，然后加入滴加罐中。
向上述反应容器中以20L/h的速率缓慢滴加过硫酸铵溶液，观察物料的升温速率，当温度升至85℃时，立即停止滴加，然后开启循环冷却水降温，当温度下降至78℃时，重新开启滴加，如此反复，直到把过硫酸铵溶液全部滴加完；然后在82℃保温反应2小时，降温至60℃，加入去离子水，搅拌均匀，过滤出料，即得纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂。
实施例2
在反应容器中依次加入十八烷基烯丙基氯化铵45份、二烯丙基胺盐酸盐5份、3-羟基-2,2’-亚氨基二琥珀酸四钠1份、过硫酸铵溶液1份和去离子水40份，开启搅拌，待物料搅拌均匀后，开启加热，使物料升温至70℃，停止加热。配制引发剂溶液：按8％的浓度配制过硫酸铵溶液，然后加入滴加罐中。
向上述反应容器中以20L/h的速率缓慢滴加过硫酸铵溶液，观察物料的升温速率，当温度升至85℃时，立即停止滴加，然后开启循环冷却水降温，当温度下降至78℃时，重新开启滴加，如此反复，直到把过硫酸铵溶液全部滴加完；然后在82℃保温反应2小时，降温至60℃，加入去离子水，搅拌均匀，过滤出料，即得纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂。
将上述实施例应用于纯棉染色织物和纯棉活性印花织物，其结果见下表所示。
表1 色牢度测试
表2 纯棉染色织物色牢度耐洗性测试
表3 纯棉活性印花织物白底部分沾色测试
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而这些修改或者等同替换亦不能使修改后的技术方案脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂，其特征在于，按重量份包括以下组成成分：长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体30-60份，多官能团特殊单体3-10份，二烯丙基胺盐酸盐3-8份，金属离子螯合剂1-3份，引发剂0.5-2份，去离子水10-60份；
长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体为十六烷基烯丙基氯化铵、十八烷基烯丙基氯化铵中的一种；
多官能团特殊单体的结构式为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂，其特征在于：金属离子螯合剂为3-羟基-2，2’-亚氨基二琥珀酸四钠。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂，其特征在于：引发剂为过硫酸铵。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)在反应容器中依次加入长碳链季铵盐阳离子单体、多官能团特殊单体、二烯丙基胺盐酸盐、金属离子螯合剂和去离子水，开启搅拌，待物料搅拌均匀后，开启加热，使物料升温至65-75℃，停止加热；
(2)配制引发剂溶液：按8％的浓度配制引发剂溶液，然后加入滴加罐中；
(3)向上述反应容器中以20L/h的速率缓慢滴加引发剂溶液，观察物料的升温速率，当温度升至85℃时，立即停止滴加，然后开启循环冷却水降温，当温度下降至78℃时，重新开启滴加，如此反复，直到把引发剂溶液全部滴加完；然后在80-85℃保温反应1-3小时，降温至60℃，加入去离子水，搅拌均匀，过滤出料，即得纯棉织物用色牢度提升剂。
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| CN101705632A (zh) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 建德市白沙化工有限公司 | 一种阳离子高分子低温自交联无甲醛的固色剂及制备方法 |
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| CN106544453A (zh) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 汤普勒化工染料(嘉兴)有限公司 | 两性复鞣加脂剂及其制备方法 |
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| US3940247A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1976-02-24 | Gaf Corporation | Dye migration control with amine salt of poly(vinyl methyl ether/maleic acid) |
| JPH062288A (ja) * | 1992-06-17 | 1994-01-11 | Nikka Chem Co Ltd | 染料固着剤 |
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