CN115160050A - Water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberry cultivation by using matrix - Google Patents
Water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberry cultivation by using matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN115160050A CN115160050A CN202210961305.3A CN202210961305A CN115160050A CN 115160050 A CN115160050 A CN 115160050A CN 202210961305 A CN202210961305 A CN 202210961305A CN 115160050 A CN115160050 A CN 115160050A
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- blueberry
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000993411 Myoporum insulare Species 0.000 description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000026287 bud dilation involved in lung branching Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVXMNHYVCLMLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC)=CC=C(C=O)C2=C1 MVXMNHYVCLMLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000301850 Cupressus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 1
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007849 Macleaya cordata Species 0.000 description 1
- RPIPGDPUKYTJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[K].S(O)(O)(=O)=O Chemical compound N.[K].S(O)(O)(=O)=O RPIPGDPUKYTJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000736285 Sphagnum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000077233 Vaccinium uliginosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003738 black carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000021332 multicellular organism growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940093914 potassium sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010803 wood ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberry cultivation by using a matrix, which is formed by independently packaging five fertilizers of a flower bud germination fertilizer, a young sprout growth fertilizer, a fruit swelling fertilizer, a flower bud swelling fertilizer and a tree body overwintering fertilizer; the flower bud germination fertilizer consists of ammonium sulfate and is used for dissolving blueberry flower buds in water for topdressing in a germination period; the weight ratio of the young sprout growth fertilizer is 7:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for dissolving blueberry spring shoots into water in a rapid growth period for topdressing; the fruit expanding fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 2.8:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for topdressing when the blueberry fruit is dissolved in water in the expansion period; the flower bud expanding fertilizer and the tree body overwintering fertilizer are both 1.4:1:1.2 ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, which are respectively used for dissolving in water for topdressing when flower buds begin to swell and trees enter the winter period just before dormancy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, relates to a blueberry planting technology, and particularly relates to a water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberries for substrate cultivation.
Background
The blueberry is a fruit tree crop with higher economic value, and the cultivation scale is rapidly enlarged. The blueberry has shallow root distribution, underdeveloped main roots and no fibrous roots, and mainly absorbs nutrition by symbiosis with fungi, so the blueberry has extremely high requirement on soil nutrition. The substrate cultivation uses the artificial substrate to replace the traditional soil, so that the substrate cultivation has a good rhizosphere environment, the tree body is quickly formed, the fruit bearing is early, and the substrate cultivation becomes an important mode of blueberry cultivation. In order to ensure better growth of the blueberries, development of a water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer set meal suitable for substrate cultivation is necessary.
At present, a patent with the application number of CN201110238193.0 discloses a granular special blueberry fertilizer which is composed of organic materials, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, sulfur and the like according to a certain weight percentage. Application number CN201210111967.8 discloses a special blueberry fertilizer which is composed of animal waste, pine needle powder, sawn wood ash and grass carbon powder according to a certain mass ratio. Patent with application number CN201410454702.7 discloses a special fertilizer for blueberry, which is composed of potassium sulfate, ammonium potassium bisulfate, monoammonium phosphate, phosphoric acid, liquid ammonia, urea, sulfuric acid, organic fertilizer, magnesium sulfate, borax and the like. The patent with the application number of CN201610365403.5 discloses a blueberry special fertilizer which is composed of vinegar residue, cow dung, rape cake fertilizer, urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, nitrification inhibitor and sulfur. The application number CN201610568367.2 discloses a blueberry special fertilizer composed of bean pulp, bone meal, vitamins, straw powder, calcium carbonate and a compound fertilizer. Patent with application number CN201610616528.0 discloses a blueberry special fertilizer prepared by mixing air-dried cow dung, wormcast, pine needle soil, tobacco leftovers, biological black carbon, humic acid, and Macleaya cordata residue at a certain ratio. Patent application No. CN201711487757.8 discloses a blueberry special fertilizer which is composed of plant charcoal, red soil, vegetable cake, amino acid, potassium sulfate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate. Patent application No. CN201810634460.8 discloses a blueberry special fertilizer which is composed of turfy soil, sphagnum peat, pine scale, pine needle, perlite, rape cake, bamboo rat manure, plant ash, monoammonium phosphate, sulfur powder and ferrous sulfate. Patent with application number of CN201210176683.7 discloses a blueberry special organic fertilizer composed of chicken manure. Patent application No. CN201510127570.1 discloses a biological slow-release blueberry special fertilizer consisting of a compound microbial agent and an inorganic fertilizer. Patent application No. CN201510213335.6 discloses a blueberry organic special fertilizer which is composed of animal wastes, cake dregs, straw powder, fulvic acid, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, JT composite bacteria, medical stone, aluminosilicate, coal slag and clear water. Patent application No. CN201510710568.7 discloses a special blueberry flowering period fertilizer which is composed of organic matters, inorganic matters, microorganisms, trace elements, boric acid, humic acid and a biological growth regulator. Patent application No. CN201510710545.6 discloses a blueberry planting special fertilizer which is composed of organic matters, inorganic matters, microorganisms, trace elements, sulfur powder and a biological growth regulator. Patent application No. cn201611241927.X discloses a method for preparing a sulfur fertilizer with high acidity from wastewater from barium sulfate plant. Patent with application number of CN201710150438.1 discloses a special fertilizer for blueberry seedling planting, which is composed of organic matters, inorganic matters, microorganisms, trace elements, sulfur powder, a biological growth regulator and a chelating agent. Patent with application number CN201810634000.5 discloses a special fertilizer for blueberry, which is composed of apple pomace, cottonseed meal, brown granulated sugar, beet pulp, lobster shell, cypress leaf, calcium cyanamide, steel slag, potassium humate and the like. However, they all contain water-insoluble materials such as organic materials and animal wastes or impurities, and are not suitable for the application of water and fertilizer integrated topdressing.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for matrix cultivation aiming at the defect of a water-fertilizer integrated special fertilizer in blueberry matrix cultivation, so as to realize fast growth, more branches, heavy fruit per fruit and easy formation of flower buds of blueberry trees.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberry cultivation by using a matrix is formed by independently packaging five fertilizers of a flower bud germination fertilizer, a young sprout growth fertilizer, a fruit expansion fertilizer, a flower bud expansion fertilizer and a tree overwintering fertilizer; wherein:
the flower bud germination fertilizer consists of ammonium sulfate and is used for dissolving blueberry flower buds in water for topdressing in a germination period;
the young sprout growth fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for dissolving blueberry spring shoots into water in a rapid growth period for topdressing;
the fruit expanding fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 2.8:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for topdressing blueberry fruits dissolved in water in the expansion period;
the flower bud swelling fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 1.4:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for being dissolved in water for topdressing when flower buds begin to swell;
the tree body overwintering fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 1.4:1:1.2, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for dissolving the tree body in water for topdressing when the tree body is going to hibernate and enter into the wintering period.
Specifically, the application amount of the flower bud germination fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of the blueberries, and the additional application amount of each 1000 kg of blueberry fruits is 5-6 kg, preferably 6kg.
Specifically, the application amount of the young sprout growth fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of the blueberries, and the additional application amount of each 1000 kg of blueberry fruits is 38-42 kg, preferably 40kg.
Specifically, the application amount of the fruit expanding fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of the blueberries, and the additional application amount of each 1000 kg of blueberry fruits is 18-22 kg, preferably 20kg.
Specifically, the application amount of the flower bud expanding fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of the blueberries, and the additional application amount of each 1000 kg of blueberry fruits is 12-16 kg, preferably 14kg.
Specifically, the overwintering fertilizer application amount of the tree body is applied according to the estimated yield of the blueberries, and the additional application amount of each 1000 kg of blueberry fruits is 12-16 kg, preferably 14kg.
Specifically, five fertilizers, namely a flower bud germination fertilizer, a young sprout growth fertilizer, a fruit swelling fertilizer, a flower bud swelling fertilizer and a tree overwintering fertilizer, are applied to the blueberry root matrix under the condition of container matrix cultivation along with water at each period.
Specifically, the container is a root control container with the diameter of 50 cm and the height of 30 cm; the culture medium in the container is formed by mixing grass carbon, garden soil and river sand, and the pH value is 4.5-5.5.
Furthermore, the water-following dressing is drip irrigation by using the existing water and fertilizer integrated management platform.
Has the advantages that:
the water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer comprises five fertilizers including a flower bud germination fertilizer, a young sprout growth fertilizer, a fruit expansion fertilizer, a flower bud expansion fertilizer and a tree body overwintering fertilizer, is convenient for direct use by farmers, is simple in use method, meets public requirements, and has the advantages of obvious increase in tree height and crown width, more new branches, large growth amount, heavy fruits and good tree body growth.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the growth of blueberry according to the example.
FIG. 2 shows the growth of blueberry in comparative example 1.
FIG. 3 shows the growth of blueberry in comparative example 2.
Fig. 4 shows the growth of blueberries of comparative example 2.
Fig. 5 shows the growth of blueberries of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples.
Examples
(1) Blueberry yield estimation
Before blueberry flower buds germinate, randomly extracting 10 trees, counting the number of flower buds of each tree, calculating the average flower bud amount of each tree, then estimating the average fruit amount of each tree according to 4 fruits formed on each flower bud, and estimating the blueberry yield per mu based on the average weight of single fruits of cultivated varieties and the field planting amount per mu. The variety used in the examples was 'saint blue', the average flower bud number per plant found was 370, the average weight per fruit was 1.35 g, 222 plants were planted per mu, and the yield per mu was estimated to be 443 kg.
(2) Calculation of topdressing amount
Based on the estimated blueberry yield, the amount (unit: kilogram) of various fertilizers in each mu of blueberry garden is calculated according to the optimal parameters in the set meal, and the calculation results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Flower bud germination fertilizer | Fertilizer for growth of young sprout | Fruit expanding fertilizer | Flower bud expanding fertilizer | Overwintering fertilizer for tree body | |
| Ammonium sulfate | 2.7 | 13.5 | 5.0 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Potassium sulfate | 0 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
(3) Implement top dressing
An intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management platform is adopted, fertilizers in each period are mixed and dissolved in a fertilizing tank containing 500 jin of water, and the clockwise flow is controlled to carry out drip irrigation at 140 liters/hour. In 3 middle of the month, 2.7 kilograms of ammonium sulfate is mixed into a fertilizing tank for first topdressing in the germination period of the blueberry flower buds; in the last 4 months, when spring tips of the blueberries enter a rapid growth period, mixing and dissolving a new tip growth fertilizer consisting of 13.5 kilograms of ammonium sulfate, 1.9 kilograms of monopotassium phosphate and 2.3 kilograms of potassium sulfate in a fertilizing tank for secondary topdressing; dissolving a fruit expanding fertilizer consisting of 5.0 kg of ammonium sulfate, 1.8 kg of monopotassium phosphate and 2.1 kg of potassium sulfate in a fertilizing tank for the third topdressing in the middle ten days of the 5 month period during the fruit expanding period of the blueberries; in the beginning of the flower bud expansion period in the middle ten days of 9 months, flower bud expansion fertilizer consisting of 2.4 kilograms of ammonium sulfate, 1.7 kilograms of monopotassium phosphate and 2.1 kilograms of potassium sulfate is mixed and dissolved in a fertilizing tank for the fourth topdressing; in 10 months, the tree body is going to be dormant and enters into the wintering period, and the wintering fertilizer for the tree body, which consists of 2.4 kg of ammonium sulfate, 1.7 kg of monopotassium phosphate and 2.1 kg of potassium sulfate, is mixed and dissolved in the fertilizing tank for the fifth topdressing.
In the fruit mature period of the current year, the average height of blueberry trees in the embodiment reaches 70.83 cm, the average crown width reaches 100.92 cm, the average length of new branches reaches 30.28 cm, the number of the new branches reaches 150.33 branches per plant, the number of basic branches reaches 9.67 branches per plant, the average single fruit weight reaches 1.63 g, and no other abnormality exists in the trees (figure 1).
Comparative example 1
And selecting another blueberry garden consistent with the embodiment as a comparison, and performing treatment in a comparative example 1, namely performing daily management by adopting the same intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management platform and the same requirements, wherein in the embodiment, only equal amount of clear water is dripped into the comparative example 1 during each topdressing, and no fertilizer is added.
After the implementation of the comparative example 1, the blueberry tree body has the average height of 55.57 cm, the average crown width of 60.02 cm, the average new branch length of 12.50 cm, the average number of the new branches of 47.33 branches per plant, the average number of the basic branches of 7.33 branches per plant, the average single fruit weight of 1.37 g, and no other abnormality (figure 2).
Compared with the comparative example 1, the method has the advantages that the blueberry tree body grows high, the crown grows large, the young shoots grow long and are large in number, the base portion sprout tiller amount is large, and the fruit weight is obviously increased.
Comparative example 2
Another blueberry garden consistent with the example was selected for comparative example 2 treatment.
In the comparative example 2, the amount of the young sprout growing fertilizer is reduced, the amount of the blueberry flower bud germinating fertilizer and the amount of the fruit expanding fertilizer are increased, and the total additional fertilizer amount is kept consistent with the embodiment, namely the flower bud germinating fertilizer is composed of ammonium sulfate, and 12kg of the flower bud germinating fertilizer is additionally applied to every 1000 kg of produced blueberry fruits; the weight ratio of the young sprout growth fertilizer to the fertilizer is 4.3:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and applying 28kg of new shoot growth fertilizer to each 1000 kg of produced blueberry fruits; the fruit expanding fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 4.3:1:1.2, and 26kg of expanding fertilizer is applied to 1000 kg of produced blueberry fruit. Other periods of top dressing were the same as in the examples.
In comparative example 2, the amounts (unit: kg) of various fertilizers used per mu of blueberry garden are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Flower bud germination fertilizer | Fertilizer for growing young sprout | Fruit expanding fertilizer | Flower bud expanding fertilizer | Tree overwintering fertilizer | |
| Ammonium sulfate | 5.4 | 8.1 | 7.7 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Potassium sulfate | 0 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
And performing daily management by adopting the same intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management platform and the same requirements, and performing topdressing according to the table.
After the implementation of the comparative example 2, the leaf of the blueberry tree body is found to have a scorching symptom (figures 3 and 4).
Through comparison between the examples and the comparative example 2, it can be verified that if the amount of the fertilizer for young sprout growth under the set meal of the invention is reduced and the amount of the fertilizer for flower bud germination and the amount of the fertilizer for fruit enlargement are increased, the trees have adverse symptoms of scorched leaves and obviously influencing the growth of the trees although the total additional fertilizer amount is unchanged.
Comparative example 3
Another blueberry garden consistent with the example was selected for comparative example 3 treatment.
In the comparative example 3, the amount of the young sprout growth fertilizer is reduced, the amount of the fruit expansion fertilizer is increased, and the total additional fertilizer amount is kept consistent with that of the embodiment, namely the young sprout growth fertilizer is prepared from the following components in a weight ratio of 5.7:1:1.2, applying 34kg of young sprout growth fertilizer to 1000 kg of produced blueberry fruits; the fruit expanding fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 4.3:1:1.2, and 26kg of fruit expanding fertilizer is applied to 1000 kg of produced blueberry fruit. Other periods of top dressing were the same as in the examples.
In comparative example 3, the amounts (unit: kg) of various fertilizers used per mu of blueberry garden are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
| Flower bud germination fertilizer | Fertilizer for growing young sprout | Fruit expanding fertilizer | Flower bud expanding fertilizer | Tree overwintering fertilizer | |
| Ammonium sulfate | 2.7 | 10.8 | 7.7 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 0 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
| Potassium sulfate | 0 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
Daily management is carried out by adopting the same intelligent water and fertilizer integrated management platform and the same requirements, and the top dressing amount is carried out according to the table.
After the comparative example 3 is implemented, the blueberry tree body has the average height of 59.07 cm, the average crown width of 74.15 cm, the average new branch length of 19.83 cm, the average number of new branches of 81.00 branches per plant, the average number of basic branches of 7.67 branches per plant, the average single fruit weight of 1.30 g and no other abnormality (figure 5).
Through comparison between the examples and the comparative example 3, it can be verified that if the amount of the young sprout growth fertilizer under the set meal of the invention is reduced and the amount of the fruit expansion fertilizer is increased, indexes such as the growth height, the crown size, the young sprout length, the number of young branches, the number of basal branches and the average single fruit weight of the blueberry tree body are obviously lower than those of the examples although the total additional fertilizer amount is unchanged.
The invention provides a thought and a method for a water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for substrate cultivation, and a plurality of methods and ways for realizing the technical scheme are provided. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. A water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberry cultivation by using a matrix is characterized by being formed by independently packaging five fertilizers of a flower bud germination fertilizer, a young sprout growth fertilizer, a fruit swelling fertilizer, a flower bud swelling fertilizer and a tree body overwintering fertilizer; wherein:
the flower bud germination fertilizer consists of ammonium sulfate and is used for dissolving blueberry flower buds in water for topdressing in a germination period;
the young sprout growth fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 7:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for dissolving blueberry spring shoots into water in a rapid growth period for topdressing;
the fruit expanding fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 2.8:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for topdressing when the blueberry fruit is dissolved in water in the expansion period;
the flower bud swelling fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 1.4:1:1.2 of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for being dissolved in water for topdressing when flower buds begin to swell;
the tree body overwintering fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight of 1.4:1:1.2, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, and is used for dissolving the tree body in water for topdressing when the tree body is going to hibernate and enter into the wintering period.
2. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for matrix cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of the flower bud germination fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of blueberry, and the additional application amount of blueberry fruit per 1000 kg is 5-6 kg.
3. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for substrate cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of the young sprout growth fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of blueberries, and the additional application amount of the fertilizer per 1000 kg of blueberry fruits is 38-42 kg.
4. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for substrate cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of the fruit expanding fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of blueberries, and the additional application amount of the blueberry fruit per 1000 kg is 18-22 kg.
5. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for substrate cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of the flower bud expanding fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of blueberries, and the additional application amount of the fertilizer per 1000 kg of blueberries is 12-16 kg.
6. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for substrate cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application amount of the tree body overwintering fertilizer is applied according to the estimated yield of blueberries, and the additional application amount of the blueberry fruit per 1000 kg is 12-16 kg.
7. The water-soluble fertilizer special for blueberries for substrate cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein five fertilizers including a flower bud germination fertilizer, a young sprout growth fertilizer, a fruit swelling fertilizer, a flower bud swelling fertilizer and a tree body overwintering fertilizer are applied to the blueberry root substrate under the condition of container substrate cultivation along with water at each period.
8. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for matrix cultivation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the container is a root control container with diameter of 50 cm and height of 30 cm; the culture medium in the container is formed by mixing turf, garden soil and river sand, and the pH value is 4.5-5.5.
9. The water-soluble blueberry special fertilizer for matrix cultivation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the water dressing with water is drip irrigation with a water and fertilizer integrated management platform.
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Application publication date: 20221011 |