CN115152805B

CN115152805B - Synergistic termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for effectively repelling and preventing termites and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115152805B
Application number: CN202210399713.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞雅丽; 李志强; 张世军; 庄天勇
Original assignee: Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2022-04-15
Filing date: 2022-04-15
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-15
Also published as: CN115152805A

Abstract

The invention discloses a termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide capable of effectively repelling and preventing termites and synergistic and application thereof. A: screening radix Tripterygii Wilfordii, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti, rhizoma Pinelliae, and herba asari, and removing impurities; b: mixing the above Chinese herbal medicines in proportion, pulverizing the medicinal materials into fine powder, and leaching with water and ethanol water solution respectively; c: filtering and concentrating the twice extract, and vacuum drying to obtain water extract and alcohol extract; d: pulverizing the water extract and the alcohol extract, mixing with bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar to obtain termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide. Through multiple termite killing tests, the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for termites can effectively repel termites, effectively reduce the carrying capacity of termites, cause slow movement of termites, cause crawling obstacle to death or be easily found and destroyed by natural enemies after the crawling capacity is reduced. The effective repellent rate of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide reaches 100% in 24 hours.

Description

Synergistic termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for effectively repelling and preventing termites and application thereof

Technical field:

the invention belongs to the field of termite control, and in particular relates to a termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide capable of effectively repelling and controlling synergistic termite and application thereof.

The background technology is as follows:

termites are social insects with great harm to crops, house buildings, river dams and the like, and cause serious economic loss. Termites generally feed on wood cellulose, and termites, including paper, clothing, and the like, made of wood, prefer to attack them. Some newspapers, books and periodicals and even some cultural relics are often damaged by termites. In addition, plastic, rubber and other products are also eroded by termites, such as underground cables for communication or power supply, electrical appliances and the like. Therefore, termites not only attack our furniture and houses, but also have certain influence on various departments such as telecommunication, cultural relics, factories, army national defense and the like. For a long time, termite damage in the south of China is serious. However, as global climate warms, northern formic acid hazard also has a tendency to develop gradually. The termite damage caused by the termite damage to the ancient architecture occurs in 60 th century in Beijing mountain Biyun temple, termite damage is found again in 2007, eight out of four in the west in the western urban area of Beijing, one old temple is originally changed into folk houses, termite damage is found in 2006, and the termite damage has spread from one yard to tens of yards around.

Traditional termite control methods include ecological control, biological control, physical control, pesticide and killing methods, chemical control methods and the like. The medicine killing method is to spray termite medicine into the trace of termite to stick medicine powder to the termite body. When the termite food material stuck with the powder returns to the nest, other termites can use a mouth device and the like to help cleaning after finding that the termite food material is not stuck with clean. At this time, the powder is transferred to other termites, and the termites in the whole nest die due to poisoning. The chemical control method utilizes various toxic chemical substances to directly contact termite bodies or treat inhabited and endangered objects by a certain method, so that termites are poisoned and dead by contacting or swallowing medicaments, or the termites can not invade and endanger due to the repellent effect. It features quick effect, high efficiency and simple and convenient application method. However, such methods fail to thoroughly kill the hidden termite nest group, but instead expel the remaining termites to the surrounding area, and continue to damage crops or buildings. The chemical reagent belongs to persistent organic pollutants, has strong toxicity, is difficult to degrade, is difficult to decompose after being ingested by organisms, is concentrated and amplified along a food chain, and has great harm to human beings and animals.

Tripterygium wilfordii of Tripterygium of Celastraceae is one of the famous insecticidal plants, and its alkaloid is the main active ingredient of insecticidal action, and can interfere endocrine activity of insects and affect normal development process of insects. Typical toxic symptoms of the tripterygium total alkaloids on test insects are that the tripterygium total alkaloids are slightly excited at the early stage of feeding, then the mobility is gradually weakened, and the mobility is gradually weakened through the processes of repeatedly feeding, anaesthetizing, resuscitating, re-feeding, re-anaesthetizing, re-resuscitating and the like, so that the mobility is gradually weakened, the time required for resuscitating is gradually prolonged, the insects become softer and softer, and finally the insects become soft and dead.

Pinellia ternate is a plant pinellia ternate of Araceae, is used as a tuber, is a traditional Chinese medicine in China, has warm nature, pungent taste and toxicity, has the effects of lowering adverse qi, relieving vomiting, eliminating dampness and phlegm, and relieving stuffiness and resolving masses, and has the effects of resisting early pregnancy, repelling mosquitoes, killing insects and the like. The pinellia tuber extract has been reported to have better insecticidal activity on cabbage caterpillar, cotton aphid and egg plant twenty-eight star ladybug, but the biological activity research on termites by pinellia tuber is not reported at home and abroad at present.

The radix Aconiti is annual herb of Ranunculaceae, and its main active ingredient is diester aconitine, including aconitine, and mesaconitine. The existing researches show that the action mode of the alkaloid in the common monkshood mother root on the asparagus caterpillar is mainly expressed as stomach toxicity, antifeedant action and growth inhibition action, and the contact killing action and fumigation action are not obvious or almost have no contact killing and fumigation action.

The radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii of Ranunculaceae contains diester alkaloid as main active ingredient, wherein aconitine, hypaconitine, neoaconitine, mesaconine, 3-deoxyaconitine, north aconitine, and guanamine. The aconite alkaloid contained in the kusnezoff monkshood root can act on insects in a poisoning, repellent and other modes.

Herba asari is dry root and rhizome of herba asari of Aristolochiaceae, and has effects of relieving exterior syndrome, dispelling cold, inducing resuscitation, dispelling pathogenic wind, relieving pain, warming lung, resolving fluid retention, relieving fever, relieving pain, anesthetizing, relieving convulsion, inhibiting bacteria, and expelling parasites. The main toxic components are safrole and aristolochic acid. Analysis of the compatibility of medicines of the prescription and summarizing the compatibility method of the asarum for attenuation comprise the steps of preparing and dispersing the medicine, mildly strengthening body resistance and detoxifying the medicine by cold, and the compatibility method of the synergy comprises the steps of assisting with each other, forming the opposite phase into the synergy, and the like.

In recent years, with the development of society and the increasing improvement of human life quality, the search for a natural insect-repellent product which has small toxic and side effects, is safe and environment-friendly and is easy to degrade and is used for insect prevention and disinfestation is particularly important. The Chinese herbal medicine gradually replaces chemical pesticides, has a certain poisoning and repelling effect on mosquitoes, and has the potential of developing the mosquito repellent into a new generation termite control medicament.

The invention comprises the following steps:

the invention aims to provide a termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide capable of effectively repelling and preventing termites and synergistic and application thereof.

The traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for termites can effectively repel termites, reduce the carrying capacity of termites, cause slow movement of termites, cause crawling obstacle to death or be easily found and destroyed by natural enemies (including people) after the crawling capacity is reduced. And can effectively conduct the drug-induced action of other termites, thereby achieving the purpose of thoroughly killing termite populations.

The termite traditional Chinese medicine killing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5-80 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 10-60 parts of radix aconiti, 8-40 parts of pinellia ternate, 5-30 parts of radix aconiti kusnezoffii and 5-35 parts of asarum.

It is further preferable that the medicine is prepared from 30-45 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 15-20 parts of radix aconiti, 15-30 parts of pinellia ternate, 10-20 parts of radix aconiti kusnezoffii and 15-20 parts of asarum.

The invention relates to a termite traditional Chinese medicine killing agent, which is prepared by the following steps:

a: screening radix Tripterygii Wilfordii, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti, rhizoma Pinelliae, and herba asari, and removing impurities;

b: mixing the above Chinese herbal medicines in proportion, pulverizing the medicinal materials into fine powder, and leaching with water and ethanol water solution respectively;

c: filtering and concentrating the twice extract, and vacuum drying to obtain water extract and alcohol extract;

d: pulverizing the water extract and the alcohol extract, mixing with bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar to obtain termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

Preferably, the ethanol aqueous solution is a 95% ethanol aqueous solution by volume fraction.

Preferably, the water extraction dry paste and the alcohol extraction dry paste are crushed, and the bagasse, the pine wood powder and the white sugar are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:3:4:4:1.

Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicines are mixed according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are crushed into fine powder, the fine powder is extracted by boiling water and ethanol water solution, and the extraction time is 2 hours according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:6 g/ml. Further preferably, the fine powder is fine powder sieved by a 40-mesh sieve.

Preferably, the water extract and the alcohol extract are crushed, bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar are mixed and granulated, and the mixture is sieved by a 20-mesh sieve for 3 to 5 times to prepare the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

The invention also provides the application of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide in repelling termites or killing termites.

The invention is characterized in that:

1) Through multiple termite killing tests, the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for termites can effectively repel termites, effectively reduce the carrying capacity of termites, cause slow movement of termites, cause crawling obstacle to death or be easily found and destroyed by natural enemies (including people) after the crawling capacity is reduced;

2) The traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for termites can effectively conduct the drug-induced effect of other termites, and achieves the purpose of thoroughly killing termite groups. The effective repellent rate of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide reaches 100% after 24 hours;

3) After the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide is eaten by termites, black spots are generated at the tail parts of the termites, and preliminary analysis can be that the termites cause excretion disorder after the drug acts, so that the termites expand and die.

4) The traditional Chinese medicine termite killing agent can effectively improve termite killing effect, can achieve termite killing rate reaching 85% within 15 days, improves killing rate by 30-55% compared with single raw materials, and has remarkable synergistic effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow of a traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for termites;

FIG. 2 is a termite plot for experimental group 3 d;

FIG. 3 is a termite graph of experimental group 5 d;

FIG. 4 is a termite graph of experimental group 8 d;

FIG. 5 is a termite plot for experimental group 10 d;

FIG. 6 is a termite plot for experimental group 12 d;

FIG. 7 is a termite graph of experimental group 15 d;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the comparison of termite killing effect of the termite killing agent of the traditional Chinese medicine of example 1 with the killing effect of single raw material extract;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an experimental set-up.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to examples.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples of the present invention will be used to further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 preparation of Chinese herbal preparation for termite control (shown in FIG. 1)

Step 1: screening Chinese herbal medicines such as radix Tripterygii Wilfordii, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti, rhizoma Pinelliae, herba asari, etc., and removing impurities;

step 2: proportioning the Chinese herbal medicines according to a proportion, pulverizing the Chinese herbal medicines into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 40-mesh sieve; extracting for 2 hours by boiling with purified water as an extraction medium, wherein the feed-liquid ratio is 1:6g/ml;

step 3: proportioning the Chinese herbal medicines according to a proportion, pulverizing the Chinese herbal medicines into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 40-mesh sieve; taking a 95% ethanol water solution with a volume fraction as an extraction medium, wherein the extraction time is 2 hours, and the feed-liquid ratio is 1:6g/ml;

step 4: filtering and concentrating the twice extract, and vacuum drying to obtain alcohol extract and water extract dry paste respectively;

step 5: pulverizing the ethanol extract and water extract obtained in the fourth step, mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar in a mass ratio of 3:3:4:4:1, granulating in a mixing mode, and sieving the granules through a 20-mesh sieve for 3-5 times to obtain a finished product of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

Step 6: the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the

steps

2 and 3 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 10 parts of radix aconiti, 20 parts of radix aconiti, 15 parts of asarum and 15 parts of pinellia ternate.

EXAMPLE 2 preparation of Chinese herbal medicine preparation for controlling termites

step 3: proportioning the Chinese herbal medicines according to a proportion, pulverizing the Chinese herbal medicines into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 40-mesh sieve; taking 95% ethanol as an extraction medium, wherein the extraction time is 2 hours, and the feed-liquid ratio is 1:6g/ml;

step 4: filtering and concentrating the two extractive solutions, and vacuum drying to obtain ethanol extract and water extract dry extract respectively.

Step 5: crushing the alcohol extraction and water extraction dry paste obtained in the fourth step, mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar in a mass ratio of 3:3:4:4:1, performing mixed granulation, and sieving the mixture through a 20-mesh sieve for 3-5 times to obtain a finished product of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide;

step 6: the raw material powders of the traditional Chinese medicine type termite killing agent in the step 2 are measured according to the following weight components: 45 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 20 parts of radix aconiti, 15 parts of radix aconiti, 20 parts of asarum and 30 parts of pinellia ternate.

EXAMPLE 3 study of the efficacy of A traditional Chinese medicine pesticide against termites

Experimental group: 1.50g of quartz sand was placed in a petri dish and wetted with 500. Mu.l of water, and the quartz sand was attached to the petri dish. 20 healthy workers were placed in petri dishes and fed with wood chips mixed with termite traditional Chinese medicine killers, two populations (A1 and A2), each of which was repeated for 3 groups.

Blank group: 1.50g of quartz sand was placed in a petri dish and wetted with 500. Mu.l of water, and the quartz sand was attached to the petri dish. 20 healthy workers were placed in petri dishes and fed with wood chips without termite traditional Chinese medicine killers, two populations, each of 3 replicates.

Behavior recording: blank groups 1d to 15d have no abnormal termite actions, are favored, and have strong carrying capacity.

Experiment group 1d: only 1-2 of A1-1, A1-2 and A2-2 climb up to take medicine; 3-5 of A1-3, A2-1 and A2-3 climb up to eat;

experimental group 3d: no ant climbs on the medicine of the experiment group A, but about 1-2 climbs around the medicine, and most of the medicine is gathered on the other side of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide. Slower than the blank group. See figure 2.

Experimental group 5d: about half of termites in the experimental group A turn black at the tail or body, the action is difficult and slow, and part of termites crawl on the side of the termite traditional Chinese medicine killing agent close to the wall of the culture dish. Compared with termites in a blank group, termites in an experiment A have poorer carrying capacity and obviously slow action. See figure 3.

Experiment group 8d: five deaths occurred in A1-3, some dead termite heads were separated from the body, buried in sand, and some shrunken; see figure 4.

Experiment group 10d: in the experiment A, 1-2 termites all crawl on the tablet, and about half of termite traditional Chinese medicine killers gather on the side of the wall of the culture dish, so that the termites are slow and weak in action. See figure 5.

Experiment group 12d: group a termites died by approximately 70% and the dead termite heads were separated from the body and buried in sand. See figure 6.

Experiment group 15d: the termites in the test group A die by approximately 85%, the residual termites are abnormally slow to move and difficult to crawl. See figure 7. Termite death statistics are shown in table 1. Compared with a blank group, the death rate of the experimental group can reach 80-90% in 15d under the action of the traditional Chinese medicine killing agent, and the residual termites have weak mobility and are difficult to crawl.

TABLE 1 record of mortality of traditional Chinese medicine killers for termites 15d

Group/number of deaths	3d	5d	8d	10d	12d	15d	Mortality statistics
								Blank K1-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blank group K1-2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
								Blank groups K1-3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blank K2-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
								Blank K2-2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blank K2-3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
								Experimental group A1-1	2	4	7	11	14	16	80％
Experimental group A1-2	2	5	8	13	15	17	85％
								Experimental groups A1-3	1	4	8	12	14	17	80％
Experimental group A2-1	1	3	7	11	13	16	80％
								Experimental group A2-2	2	5	8	10	14	17	85％
Experimental group A2-3	1	4	7	10	13	18	90％

Example 4 efficacy test of traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation and single crude drug extract on termites.

Termites were cultivated under the same environment and conditions, 1 part each of the tripterygium wilfordii extract, the radix aconiti kusnezoffii extract, the radix aconiti extract, the asarum extract and the pinellia ternate extract obtained by the preparation method of example 1 (the preparation method is the same as that of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide of example 1, except that the traditional Chinese medicine corresponding to one of the tripterygium wilfordii, the radix aconiti kusnezoffii, the pinellia ternate and the asarum is selected, 1 part of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide of example 1 is fed according to the method of example 3, the mortality rate of each group of termites is recorded, and the visual inspection and the preliminary study of the application of the traditional Chinese medicine termite pesticide preparation to termites are carried out by utilizing the mortality rate of statistical analysis medicines. Figure 8 is a comparison of the killing effect of termites by the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation of example 1 and the single raw material extract.

Compared with 1 part of single raw material extracts (tripterygium wilfordii extract, radix aconiti extract, asarum extract and pinellia extract) used in the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation, the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation prepared by the preparation method can effectively improve termite killing effect, can realize termite killing rate reaching 85% within 15 days, improves termite killing rate by 30-55% compared with single raw material, and has remarkable synergistic effect.

Example 5 efficacy test of traditional Chinese medicine termite-killing preparation for effective repellency of termites of individual populations

Two 30g of quartz sand with a mass fraction of 10% of the drug content (traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation) were prepared as an experimental group A and an experimental group B. Two 30g of quartz sand without drug added was used as control group, control A and control B, respectively. Adding 9ml of purified water respectively, mixing, and placing a piece of wet pine wood block thereon for convenient feeding of termites. And respectively placing 25 workers in a control group A and an experimental group B, sealing a tank opening by using tin paper with holes, and placing the tank opening in a dark and ventilated incubator with consistent temperature and humidity as shown in a diagram 9. Flow data from termites were observed over 24 hours and are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 data recording of termite flow effectively repelling in 24h with traditional Chinese medicine termite killing formulation

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The termite control group A has effective repellent effect within 24 hours, and the repellent rate reaches 100%. And the termites in the experimental group B with the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation flow to the control group B within 24 hours, the rest 24% are killed, and the effective repellent rate can reach 100%. Proved by the scheme, the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation prepared by the scheme can effectively repel termites.

The effective termite-killing rate of the traditional Chinese medicine termite-killing preparation for termites refers to the ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine termite-killing preparation to expel termites and kill termites in a certain period.

EXAMPLE 6 efficacy test of Multi-gradient dose traditional Chinese medicine termite killing formulation for effective repellency of multiple groups of termites

The quartz sand without the drug was used as the control group a1, a2, a3, respectively. Quartz sand treatments with medicine (Chinese medicine termite killing preparation) of 10%, 20% and 30% by mass are respectively prepared, and are respectively marked as b1, b2 and b3. Every 30g of quartz sand or quartz sand containing medicines is added with 8 ml of water and is uniformly mixed for standby.

a small jar was placed with 30g of quartz sand untreated with the drug and a piece of moist pine stump was placed thereon. b a small jar was placed with 30g of quartz sand treated with the drug, and a piece of moist pine stump was also placed thereon. The experimental device is shown in figure 9 and consists of two small basins connected by a hollow pipeline, and the pipeline is convenient for termite to select and crawl. And (3) putting 20 workers and 5 soldiers in the tank b.

The termite positions were recorded over 12 days, respectively, as shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 data recording of termite flow effectively repelling by Multi-gradient traditional Chinese medicine termite killing formulation for 12 days

The effective repellent rate of three gradient termites in 24 hours is 92%, 80% and 48%, respectively, and the effective repellent rate after twelve days is 96%. The low dose had a round trip after repellency, while the high dose 30% gradient maintained over 95% of repellency after 24 hours. Proved that the termite killing agent has remarkable effect of avoiding termites.

Claims

1. A termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

30 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 10 parts of radix aconiti, 20 parts of radix aconiti, 15 parts of asarum and 15 parts of pinellia ternate;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

2. The termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide of claim 1 wherein the aqueous ethanol solution is a 95% volume fraction aqueous ethanol solution.

3. The termite traditional Chinese medicine killing agent according to claim 1, wherein the water extract and the alcohol extract are crushed, and the bagasse, the pine wood powder and the white sugar are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:3:4:4:1.

4. The termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide according to claim 1, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine is mixed according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are crushed into fine powder, and the extraction with boiling water and ethanol water solution is carried out according to a feed-liquid ratio of 1:6g/ml, and the extraction time is 2 hours.

5. The termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide of claim 1 wherein the fine powder is a 40 mesh fine powder.

6. The termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide according to claim 1, wherein the termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide is prepared by pulverizing water extract and alcohol extract, mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar, granulating, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve for 3-5 times.

7. Use of a termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide as claimed in claim 1 for repelling termites or for killing termites.