CN115152805A

CN115152805A - Synergistic Chinese medicine termite killing agent for effectively repelling and preventing termites and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115152805A
Application number: CN202210399713.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞雅丽; 李志强; 张世军; 庄天勇
Original assignee: Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Zoology of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2022-04-15
Filing date: 2022-04-15
Publication date: 2022-10-11
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-15
Also published as: CN115152805B

Abstract

The invention discloses a synergistic termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for effectively repelling and controlling termites and application thereof. A: screening radix Tripterygii Wilfordii, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti, rhizoma Pinelliae and herba asari, and removing impurities; b: mixing the above Chinese herbal medicines at a certain proportion, pulverizing the medicinal materials into fine powder, and extracting with water and ethanol water solution respectively; c: filtering and concentrating the two extracting solutions, and drying in vacuum to obtain water-extracted dry paste and alcohol-extracted dry paste; d: pulverizing the water-extracted dry extract and the alcohol-extracted dry extract, and mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar to obtain the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide. The termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide disclosed by the invention can effectively repel the termites, effectively reduce the transport capacity of the termites and cause the slow movement of the termites after a plurality of termite killing tests, so that the termites are killed due to crawling obstacle or are easily discovered and killed by natural enemies of the termites after the crawling capacity is reduced. The effective repellent rate of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide in 24 hours reaches 100 percent.

Description

Synergistic Chinese medicine termite killing agent for effectively repelling and preventing termites and application thereof

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the field of termite control, and particularly relates to a termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide capable of effectively repelling and controlling termites with synergistic effect and application thereof.

The background art comprises the following steps:

termites are social insects with great harmfulness, which cause great harm to crops, housing buildings, river dams and the like, and cause serious economic loss. Termites generally feed on wood cellulose, and tend to erode through termite attack, including paper and clothing made of wood. Some collected newspapers, books and periodicals, even some cultural relics are often damaged by termites. In addition, plastic, rubber and other products are also damaged by termites, such as underground cables for communication or power supply, electrical appliances and the like. Therefore, the termites not only infringe our furniture and houses, but also affect many departments such as telecommunication, cultural relics, factories, army national defense and the like. For a long time, termite damage in south China is relatively serious. However, as the global climate becomes warmer, the north ant damage also tends to develop gradually. In the past 60 years of the last century, the collapse accident caused by the destruction of ancient buildings by termites occurred in the Beijing Xiangshan temple, the termite damage was discovered again in 2007, eight West four and North West areas in the Beijing Western region were originally one ancient temple and then changed into a residential dwelling, the termite damage was discovered in 2006, and the termite damage has spread from one hospital to dozens of peripheral hospitals till now.

Traditional termite control methods include ecological control, biological control, physical control, pesticide control, chemical control, and the like. The pesticide method comprises spraying termite pesticide into the part where termite eats to make the body adhere with the pesticide powder. When the termite carrying materials with the medicinal powder are returned to the nest, other termites can use mouthpieces and the like to help cleaning after discovering that unclean objects are adhered to the bodies of the termites. At this time, the medicinal powder is transferred to other termites, so that the termites in the whole nest are poisoned and die. The chemical prevention and treatment method utilizes various toxic chemical substances to directly contact with the bodies of the termites or treat the inhabiting and harmful objects by a certain method, so that the termites are poisoned and killed by contacting or swallowing medicaments, or the termites cannot invade the harm due to the avoiding effect. It features quick effect, high efficiency and simple application method. However, this method cannot completely kill the hidden termite nest group, but can drive the remaining termites to the surrounding area, and continue to harm crops or buildings. And the chemical reagent belongs to persistent organic pollutants, has strong toxicity, is difficult to degrade, is difficult to decompose after being ingested by organisms, is concentrated and amplified along a food chain, and has great harm to human beings and animals.

Tripterygium wilfordii alkaloid is one of the famous insecticidal plants, and is the main active ingredient of the insecticidal action, and can interfere and poison the endocrine activity of insects to influence the normal development process of the insects. The typical toxic symptoms of the total alkaloids of the tripterygium wilfordii to the test insects comprise that the tripterygium wilfordii is slightly excited in the early feeding stage, then the mobility is gradually weakened, the mobility is gradually weakened through the processes of repeated feeding, anesthesia, resuscitation, refeeding, reananthesia, reanimation and the like, the recovery time is gradually prolonged, the insects are softer and softer, and finally the insects die due to paralysis.

The pinellia ternate is a plant pinellia ternate of Araceae, is used as a medicine by tubers, is a traditional Chinese medicine in China, is warm in nature, pungent in taste and toxic, not only has the effects of lowering adverse qi and preventing vomiting, eliminating dampness and phlegm, and relieving distension and fullness and dispersing nodes, but also has the effects of resisting early pregnancy, repelling mosquitoes, killing insects and the like. The pinellia ternate extracting solution has been reported to have better insecticidal activity on cabbage caterpillar, cotton aphid and ladybug with eighteen star, but the research on the biological activity of the pinellia ternate on the termite is not reported at home and abroad at present.

Radix Aconiti is annual herb of Ranunculaceae, and its main active ingredient is diester-type aconitine alkaloid including aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconine, etc. The existing research shows that the action mode of alkaloid in the monkshood on the spodoptera exigua mainly shows stomach toxicity, antifeedant action and growth inhibition action, and the contact killing action and the fumigation action are not obvious or almost not.

The root tuber of Aconitum kusnezoffii of Ranunculaceae contains diester alkaloids, including aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconine, 3-deoxyaconitine, glaucone, and guanamine. Aconitum alkaloid contained in radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii can act on insects by poisoning and avoiding.

The herba asari is dried root and rhizome of Aristolochiaceae herba asari, and has effects of relieving exterior syndrome, dispelling cold, inducing resuscitation, dispelling pathogenic wind, relieving pain, warming lung, and dispelling fluid retention, and has antipyretic, analgesic, anesthetic, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, and anthelmintic effects. The main toxic components are safrole and aristolochic acid. The compatibility of medicines of the formula is analyzed, and the compatibility method of the asarum for reducing toxicity is summarized as that the asarum is prepared into the formula of collecting and preparing powder, the asarum is prepared into the formula of warming by cold and strengthening the body resistance to control toxicity, and the compatibility method of synergism comprises that the asarum is mutually helped and the asarum is reversely made into synergism.

In recent years, with the development of society and the increasing quality of human life, it is important to find a natural insect-repellent product with low toxic and side effects, safety, environmental protection and easy degradation. The Chinese herbal medicine gradually replaces chemical insecticides, has certain poisoning and repelling effects on mosquitoes, and has the potential of developing the mosquitoes into a new generation of termite control agent.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a synergistic termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for effectively repelling and preventing termites and application thereof.

The traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide disclosed by the invention can effectively repel termites, reduce the carrying capacity of the termites, cause slow movement of the termites, lead to death due to crawling obstacle or be easily found and killed by natural enemies (including people) after the crawling capacity is reduced. And can effectively conduct other termites to cause drug effect, thereby achieving the purpose of thoroughly killing termite colony.

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine termite insecticide which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

5-80 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 10-60 parts of monkshood, 8-40 parts of pinellia ternate, 5-30 parts of kusnezoff monkshood root and 5-35 parts of asarum.

Further preferably 30-45 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 15-20 parts of monkshood, 15-30 parts of pinellia ternate, 10-20 parts of kusnezoff monkshood root and 15-20 parts of asarum.

The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide, which is prepared by the following steps:

a: screening radix Tripterygii Wilfordii, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti, rhizoma Pinelliae and herba asari, and removing impurities;

b: mixing the above Chinese herbal medicines at a certain proportion, pulverizing the medicinal materials into fine powder, and respectively extracting with water and ethanol water solution;

c: filtering and concentrating the two extracting solutions, and drying in vacuum to obtain water-extracted dry paste and alcohol-extracted dry paste;

d: pulverizing the water-extracted dry extract and the alcohol-extracted dry extract, and mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar to obtain the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

Preferably, the ethanol water solution is ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 95 percent.

Preferably, the water-extraction dry paste and the alcohol-extraction dry paste are crushed, and the bagasse, the pine wood powder and the white sugar are mixed according to the mass ratio of the water-extraction dry paste to the alcohol-extraction dry paste to the bagasse, the pine wood powder to the white sugar being 3.

Preferably, the Chinese herbal medicines are mixed according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are crushed into fine powder, the fine powder is extracted by boiling water and ethanol water solution according to the material-liquid ratio of 1. Further preferably, the fine powder is a fine powder sieved with a 40-mesh sieve.

Preferably, the water-extracted dry paste and the alcohol-extracted dry paste are crushed, bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar are mixed and then granulated, and then the mixture is sieved by a 20-mesh sieve for 3 to 5 times to prepare the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide.

The invention also provides the application of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide in repelling or killing termites.

The invention is characterized in that:

1) The termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide disclosed by the invention can effectively repel the termites through a plurality of termite killing tests, effectively reduce the carrying capacity of the termites, and cause the slow movement of the termites, so that the termites are killed due to crawling obstacle or are easily found and killed by natural enemies (including people) after the crawling capacity is reduced;

2) The traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide disclosed by the invention can effectively conduct other termites to cause a medicinal effect, so as to achieve the purpose of thoroughly killing termite colonies. In the traditional Chinese medicine termite insecticide, the effective repellent rate in 24 hours reaches 100 percent;

3) After the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide is eaten by termites, black spots are generated at the tail parts of the termites, and preliminary analysis possibly causes excretion obstacle of the termites after the drug acts, so that the termites swell and die.

4) The termite traditional Chinese medicine killing agent obtained by the invention can effectively improve the killing effect of termites, can realize that the killing rate of the termites reaches 85 percent within 15 days, improves the killing rate by 30 to 55 percent compared with a single raw material, and has obvious synergistic effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process for preparing a Chinese medicinal pesticide for killing termites;

FIG. 2 is a termite diagram of experimental group 3 d;

FIG. 3 is a termite diagram for experimental group 5 d;

fig. 4 is a termite diagram of experimental group 8 d;

fig. 5 is a termite diagram of experimental group 10 d;

fig. 6 is a termite diagram of experimental group 12 d;

fig. 7 is a termite diagram of experimental group 15 d;

FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the killing effect of the Chinese herbal termite kill formulation of example 1 and the single herb extract on termites;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the experimental setup.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are given to further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

EXAMPLE 1 preparation of a herbal formulation for controlling Termite (see FIG. 1)

Step 1: screening Chinese herbal medicines such as tripterygium wilfordii, kusnezoff monkshood root, common monkshood mother root, pinellia tuber, manchurian wildginger and the like, and removing impurities;

step 2: the Chinese herbal medicines are proportioned according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are pulverized into fine powder, and the fine powder is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve; boiling and extracting for 2 hours by using purified water as an extraction medium, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1;

and step 3: the Chinese herbal medicines are proportioned according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are pulverized into fine powder, and the fine powder is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve; taking 95% ethanol aqueous solution with volume fraction as an extraction medium, wherein the extraction time is 2 hours, and the ratio of material to liquid is 1;

and 4, step 4: filtering and concentrating the two extracting solutions, and vacuum drying to obtain ethanol extract and water extract dry pastes respectively;

and 5: and (3) crushing the dry paste obtained by ethanol extraction and water extraction in the fourth step, mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar, granulating by mixing according to the mass ratio of 3.

Step 6: in the

steps

2 and 3, the Chinese herbal medicine powder comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 10 parts of kusnezoff monkshood root, 20 parts of common monkshood mother root, 15 parts of asarum and 15 parts of pinellia ternate.

Example 2 preparation of a Chinese herbal preparation for controlling Termite

and 2, step: the Chinese herbal medicines are proportioned according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are pulverized into fine powder, and the fine powder is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve; boiling and extracting for 2 hours by using purified water as an extraction medium, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1;

and 3, step 3: mixing the above Chinese herbal medicines at a certain proportion, pulverizing the medicinal materials into fine powder, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve; 95% ethanol is used as an extraction medium, the extraction time is 2 hours, and the feed-liquid ratio is 1;

and 4, step 4: filtering and concentrating the two extracting solutions, and vacuum drying to obtain dry extracts of ethanol extraction and water extraction respectively.

And 5: crushing the dry extract obtained by ethanol extraction and water extraction in the fourth step, mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar in a mass ratio of 3;

and 6: in the step 2, the traditional Chinese medicine type termite insecticide comprises the following raw material powders in parts by weight: 45 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 20 parts of kusnezoff monkshood root, 15 parts of common monkshood mother root, 20 parts of asarum and 30 parts of pinellia ternate.

Example 3 research on pesticide effect of termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide

Experimental groups: 1.50g of quartz sand was placed in a petri dish and wetted with 500 microliters of water to allow the quartz sand to fit the petri dish. 20 healthy workers were placed in petri dishes and fed with wood chips mixed with termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide, two populations (A1 and A2), each repeating 3 groups.

Blank group: 1.50g of quartz sand was placed in a petri dish and wetted with 500 microliters of water to allow the quartz sand to fit the petri dish. 20 healthy workers were placed in a petri dish and fed with wood chips without termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide, two populations, each repeating 3 groups.

And (4) behavior recording: the blank groups 1d to 15d have no abnormal actions of the termites, are favored and have strong carrying capacity.

Experimental group 1d: only 1-2A 1-1, A1-2 and A2-2 climb up to take medicine; 3-5A 1-3, A2-1 and A2-3 climb up to eat;

experimental group 3d: no ants climbed on the medicine of the experimental group A, but about 1 to 2 ants crawl around the medicine, and most ants gather on the other side of the termite traditional Chinese medicine pesticide. Slower than blank group. See figure 2.

Experimental group 5d: in the experimental group A, about half of the termites blacken the tails or bodies and difficultly move slowly, and part of the termites crawl at the side of the termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide close to the wall of the culture dish. Compared with the blank group of termites, the termite group A in the experiment has poorer transport capability and obviously retarded action. See figure 3.

Experimental group 8d: a1-3, five dead termites, some dead termites with head separated from body, buried in sand, some shriveled; see figure 4.

Experimental group 10d: in experiment A, 1-2 termites all crawl on the tablets, and about half of the termites gather on the side of the Chinese medicinal killing agent close to the wall of the culture dish and have slow and weak actions. See figure 5.

Experimental group 12d: experiment a group termites died approximately 70% and their heads were separated from the body and buried in sand. See figure 6.

Experimental group 15d: in experiment A, the termites died approximately 85%, and the remaining termites acted abnormally slowly and were difficult to crawl. See figure 7. The termite mortality statistics are shown in table 1. Compared with a blank group, the mortality rate of the experimental group can reach 80-90% after 15d under the action of the traditional Chinese medicine pesticide, and the residual termites have weak mobility and difficult crawling.

TABLE 1 mortality record for termites 15d with traditional Chinese medicine kill

Number of groups/deaths	3d	5d	8d	10d	12d	15d	Mortality statistics
								Blank group K1-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blank group K1-2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
								Blank groups K1-3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blank group K2-1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
								Blank group K2-2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blank group K2-3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
								Experimental group A1-1	2	4	7	11	14	16	80％
Experimental groups A1-2	2	5	8	13	15	17	85％
								Experimental groups A1 to 3	1	4	8	12	14	17	80％
Experimental group A2-1	1	3	7	11	13	16	80％
								Experimental group A2-2	2	5	8	10	14	17	85％
Experimental groups A2 to 3	1	4	7	10	13	18	90％

Example 4 efficacy test of Chinese medicinal termite-killing preparation and single raw material extract on termites.

Termites are cultured under the same environment and conditions, 1 part of each of the tripterygium wilfordii extract, the radix aconiti agrestis extract, the radix aconiti carmichaeli extract, the asarum herb extract and the pinellia ternata extract obtained by the preparation method of the embodiment 1 (the preparation method is the same as that of the termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide of the embodiment 1, only one corresponding traditional Chinese medicine of the tripterygium wilfordii, the radix aconiti agrestis, the radix aconiti carmichaeli, the pinellia ternata and the asarum herb is selected to obtain a medicament), 1 part of the termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide of the embodiment 1 is fed to the termites according to the embodiment 3, the mortality of each group of termites every day is recorded, and the prevention and treatment of the termites by the traditional Chinese medicine termite insecticide provided by the method are analyzed by statistics, and the preliminary study of visual inspection and the application of the medicament is carried out. FIG. 8 is a comparison of the killing effect of the traditional Chinese medicine termite-killing preparation and the extract of the single raw material medicine on termites in example 1.

Compared with 1 part of each of single raw material medicinal material extracts (tripterygium wilfordii extract, kusnezoff monkshood root extract, asarum extract and pinellia ternate extract) used in the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation, the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention can effectively improve the termite killing effect, can realize the termite killing rate of 85% within 15 days, improves the killing rate by 30-55% compared with the killing rate of a single raw material, and has a remarkable synergistic effect.

Example 5 efficacy test of the Chinese medicinal Termite-killing preparation for effectively repelling Single colony Termite

Two quartz sands with the mass fraction of 30g and the drug content of 10% (traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation) are prepared to be used as an experimental group A and an experimental group B. Two 30g quartz sands without drug added were used as controls, control a and control B, respectively. Respectively adding 9ml of purified water, uniformly mixing for later use, and placing a piece of moist pine wood block on the mixture to facilitate the feeding of termites. Respectively placing 25 workers into a control group A and an experimental group B, sealing the opening of a tank by tinfoil with through holes as shown in figure 9, and placing the tank into a dark and ventilated incubator with consistent temperature and humidity. Flow data of termites within 24h were observed and are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 flow data record for effective repelling of termites within 24h of traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation

The experimental group A with the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation has effective repellent effect on the termites of the control group A within 24h, and the repellent rate reaches 100%. In the test group B containing the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation, 76% of the termites flow to the control group B within 24 hours, the rest 24% of the termites are killed and dead, and the effective repelling rate can reach 100%. The traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation prepared by the scheme is proved to be capable of effectively repelling termites.

The effective repelling rate of the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation on the termites refers to the proportion of the traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation for repelling the termites and killing the termites in a certain period.

Example 6 efficacy test of a Multi-gradient dosage of a Chinese medicinal Termite killing preparation for effectively repelling multiple colony Termite

The quartz sand without the drug added as the control groups were a1, a2, and a3, respectively. 10 percent, 20 percent and 30 percent of medicine-containing (traditional Chinese medicine termite killing preparation) quartz sand are respectively prepared and treated, and are respectively marked as b1, b2 and b3. Adding 8 ml of water into every 30g of quartz sand or quartz sand containing the medicine, and uniformly mixing for later use.

a, 30g of quartz sand without medicament treatment is placed in a small tank, and a piece of damp pine wood is placed on the quartz sand. b A small jar was filled with 30g of quartz sand treated with medication, and a piece of damp pine wood was placed on the jar. The experimental set-up, as shown in figure 9, consists of two small basins connected by a hollow pipe, which is convenient for termites to selectively crawl. And (b) placing 20 workers and 5 soldier ants in the can b.

The location of the termites within 12 days was recorded separately, as shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 flow data record for effective termite repellency within 12 days for multi-gradient Chinese medicinal termite kill preparation

The effective repelling rates of three gradient termites within 24h are respectively 92%, 80% and 48%, and the effective repelling rate after twelve days reaches 96%. Low concentration dose exists and moves back and forth after repelling, and high dose 30% gradient keeps the repelling effect of more than 95% after 24 h. Proves that the termite insecticide has obvious effect of avoiding the termites.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

2. The traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pesticide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of tripterygium wilfordii, 15-20 parts of monkshood, 15-30 parts of pinellia ternate, 10-20 parts of kusnezoff monkshood root and 15-20 parts of asarum.

3. A traditional Chinese medicine pesticide for termites as defined in claim 1, which is prepared by the following steps:

a: screening Tripterygium wilfordii, radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, radix Aconiti, rhizoma Pinelliae and herba asari, and removing impurities;

b: mixing the above Chinese herbal medicines at a certain proportion, pulverizing the medicinal materials into fine powder, and extracting with water and ethanol water solution respectively;

4. The traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the aqueous ethanol solution is an aqueous ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 95%.

5. The termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water-extraction dry paste and the alcohol-extraction dry paste are crushed, and the bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar are mixed by mixing the water-extraction dry paste, the alcohol-extraction dry paste, the bagasse, the pine wood powder and the white sugar in a mass ratio of (3).

6. The termite traditional Chinese medicine insecticide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the Chinese herbal medicines are mixed according to a proportion, the medicinal materials are crushed into fine powder, and the boiling water and the ethanol water solution are respectively extracted according to a material-liquid ratio of 1.

7. The traditional Chinese medicine termite biocide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fine powder is a fine powder sieved with a 40 mesh sieve.

8. The termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide as claimed in claim 3, wherein the termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide is prepared by crushing water extract dry paste and alcohol extract dry paste, mixing bagasse, pine wood powder and white sugar, granulating, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve for 3-5 times.

9. The use of a termite traditional Chinese medicine biocide as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in repelling or killing termites.