CN115137802B - 藿香安胃方作为唯一有效成分在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用 - Google Patents
藿香安胃方作为唯一有效成分在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了藿香安胃方在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用,属于医药领域。本发明发现藿香安胃方中各药物具有联合抗菌作用,可有效清除消化道中的幽门螺杆菌,缩小因幽门螺杆菌造成的溃疡面积,减轻因幽门螺杆菌造成的痉挛性疼痛。同时,本发明发现藿香安胃方与抗生素四联疗法合用,可以增强杀菌作用,恢复脾胃正常功能,缓解抗生素四联疗法产生的副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及藿香安胃方在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用。
背景技术
幽门螺杆菌,又名幽门螺旋菌,英文名Helicobacterpylori,简称Hp,是革兰氏阴性、微需氧的细菌。Hp感染是诱发胃癌的主要病因之一,WHO在1994年将Hp定为胃癌的一类致癌因子。
目前,国内外应用于治疗消化性溃疡疾病的药物有增强胃粘膜保护作用的药物(如,铋制剂)、降低胃酸的药物(如,ATP酶(质子泵)抑制剂(PPI)或H2受体阻断剂)、抗菌素(如,阿莫西林、克拉霉素、甲硝唑、庆大霉素等)这三大类药物。现在杀灭幽门螺杆菌多采用四联疗法,四联疗法的主要药物是一种抑酸药物+两种抗生素+一种铋剂,多选用的药物是PPI的抑酸药物,抗生素目前最常用的是克拉霉素联合阿莫西林,铋剂多选择的是枸橼酸铋钾。然而四联疗法副作用比较明显,包括腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、食欲降低,也有一些人会便秘,部分患者会对抗生素产生过敏反应,皮肤可能会起疹子等。
藿香安胃方出自《脾胃论》,由藿香、丁香、人参各7.5g,橘红15g组成,上述四味为细末,每服6g,水一大盏,生姜一片,同煎至七分,和渣冷服,食前。藿香安胃方主治脾胃虚寒证,临床主治脾胃虚弱,食即呕吐、不进饮食、呕吐不待腐熟。藿香芳香化浊,和中止呕,发表解暑,用于湿浊中阻,脘痞呕吐,暑湿表证,湿温初起,发热倦怠,胸闷不舒,寒湿闭暑,腹痛吐泻,鼻渊头痛;丁香温中降逆,补肾助阳,用于脾胃虚寒,呃逆呕吐,食少吐泻,心腹冷痛,肾虚阳痿;人参大补元气,复脉固脱,补脾益肺,生津养血,安神益智,用于体虚欲脱,肢冷脉微,脾虚食少,肺虚喘咳,津伤口渴,内热消渴,气血亏虚,久病虚羸,惊悸失眠,阳痿宫冷;橘红理气宽中,燥湿化痰,用于咳嗽痰多,食积伤酒,呕恶痞闷。全方共奏化湿行气,调脾和胃之功。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供藿香安胃方在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用,组方中各药物具有联合抗菌作用,可有效清除消化道中的幽门螺杆菌。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
本发明提供了藿香安胃方在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用。
优选的,藿香安胃方为所述抗幽门螺杆菌的药物的有效成分之一或唯一有效成分。
本发明还提供了藿香安胃方在制备幽门螺杆菌导致相关疾病的治疗或预防药物中的应用。
优选的,所述疾病为消化道疾病。
优选的,所述疾病包括幽门螺杆菌感染、十二指肠溃疡、十二指肠炎、胃溃疡、慢性胃炎、残胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生、上皮内瘤变。
优选的,所述藿香安胃方缩小溃疡面积、减轻痉挛性疼痛。
优选的,所述药物与抗生素四联疗法合用。
优选的,所述药物增强抗生素四联疗法的杀菌作用,恢复脾胃正常功能。
本发明还提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的治疗或预防药物,包括有效剂量的藿香安胃方或藿香安胃方中的药物提取物。
优选的,添加药学上可接受的辅料制备得到散剂、汤剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂和口服液。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明发现藿香安胃方中各药物具有联合抗菌作用,可有效清除消化道中的幽门螺杆菌,缩小溃疡面积,减轻因幽门螺杆菌造成的痉挛性疼痛。
本发明发现藿香安胃方可有效治疗由幽门螺杆菌引起的消化道疾病。并且可与抗生素四联疗法合用,增强抗生素四联疗法的杀菌作用,同时可以恢复脾胃正常功能,缓解抗生素四联疗法产生的副作用。
附图说明
图1为广藿香醇和丁香酚联合抗菌结果;
图2为广藿香醇和丁香酚联合抗菌结果示意图;
图3为丁香酚和6-姜酚联合抗菌结果;
图4为丁香酚和6-姜酚联合抗菌结果示意图;
图5为藿香安胃散的指纹图谱及其对照指纹图谱,A为12批次图谱,B为S1批次图谱,C为10个对照品的图谱;
图6为不同处理条件下大鼠胃部溃疡情况;
图7为不同处理条件下大鼠胃部溃疡面积。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了藿香安胃方在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用,藿香安胃方为所述抗幽门螺杆菌的药物的有效成分之一或唯一有效成分。
本发明所述藿香安胃方所述原料按照质量份数计,由广藿香7~8份、丁香7~8份、人参7~8份、橘红14~16份、生姜10~25份组成。其中,藿香安胃方的抗菌功效主要是由广藿香、丁香和生姜带来的,人参和橘红作为佐使药存在。
本发明发现,藿香安胃方中广藿香的主要成分广藿香醇与丁香的主要成分丁香酚具有联合抗菌作用,两者表现出协同抗菌作用;藿香安胃方中丁香的主要成分丁香酚与生姜的主要成分6-姜酚具有联合抗菌作用,两者表现出协同抗菌作用。
本发明还提供了藿香安胃方在制备幽门螺杆菌导致相关疾病的治疗或预防药物中的应用。
本发明所述幽门螺杆菌相关疾病为幽门螺杆菌引起的消化道疾病。优选的,所述疾病包括但不限于幽门螺杆菌感染、十二指肠溃疡、十二指肠炎、胃溃疡、慢性胃炎、残胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生、上皮内瘤变。
幽门螺杆菌感染患者的证型规律为脾胃湿热证>肝胃不和证>胃络瘀阻证,其中实证>虚证。而藿香安胃方中藿香醒脾和胃以化湿浊,丁香温中降逆,橘红燥湿调气,气调则湿化,共为君药,佐以人参补中益气,使正气充足,机能旺盛,脾胃恢复正常,生姜温中止呕。全方共奏化湿行气,调脾和胃之功。全方配伍严谨,标本并治,切中脾胃虚寒之病机,十分适用于脾胃虚寒,食入欲呕的幽门螺杆菌感染患者。
本发明以藿香安胃方为有效成分之一或唯一有效成分,可有效清除幽门螺杆菌,并且所制备的药物可缩小溃疡面积或减轻痉挛性疼痛,达到有效治疗幽门螺杆菌导致的相关消化道疾病的作用。
本发明将藿香安胃方为活性成分制备的药物与抗生素四联疗法合用。作为一种优选的实施方式,在幽门螺杆菌患者采用抗生素四联疗法治疗5~10天后,再以藿香安胃方治疗5~14天;作为另一种可选的实施方式,在幽门螺杆菌患者采用抗生素四联疗法治疗的同时服用藿香安胃方。
本发明所述抗生素四联疗法为本领域杀除幽门螺杆菌的通用方法,所用药物为一种抑酸药物+两种抗生素+一种铋剂。
在抗生素四联疗法治疗后患者的中医证型分布规律为:脾胃虚弱(寒)证>肝胃不和证>脾胃湿热证。抗生素四联疗法治疗后患者会出现比较明显的副作用,包括腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、食欲降低,也有一些人会便秘,部分患者会对抗生素产生过敏反应,皮肤可能会起疹子等。本发明将藿香安胃方与抗生素四联疗法合用,可以增强抗生素四联疗法对幽门螺杆菌的清除率,同时可以恢复患者脾胃的正常功能,有效消除抗生素四联疗法的各种副作用。
本发明所述藿香安胃方口服使用,作为一种可选的实施方式,本发明将生姜煎水,广藿香、丁香、人参和橘红分别研为细末,混合后由生姜水送服。优选的,本发明取1.2g广藿香、1.2g丁香、1.2g人参和2.4g橘红分别研磨得到细粉,再取3g生姜加入100~400mL水,煎煮10~40min后,以生姜水送服广藿香、丁香、人参和橘红混合粉末。
作为另一种可选的实施方式,本发明将广藿香、丁香、人参和橘红分别研为细末,与生姜共同煎煮10~40min后,和渣冷服。
本发明所述藿香安胃方还包括所述各原料提取物的混合。作为一种可选的实施方式,本发明按质量配比取广藿香、丁香、人参、橘红和生姜分别进行提取,提取物作为藿香安胃方的组成成分进行服用。优选的,所述广藿香提取物为广藿香醇,丁香提取物为丁香酚,生姜提取物为生姜酚。
本发明对藿香安胃方中各原料组分提取物的提取方式不做限定。
本发明还提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的治疗或预防药物,包括有效剂量的藿香安胃方或藿香安胃方中的药物活性成分。本发明所述药物可以藿香安胃方或藿香安胃方中的药物活性成分为唯一有效成分,也可将藿香安胃方或藿香安胃方中的药物活性成分与其他具有抗菌作用的活性成分共同作为有效成分使用。
本发明所述药物还包括药学上可接受的辅料,通过辅料添加制备得到不同剂型,所述剂型包括散剂、汤剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂、口服液。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
本实施例对藿香安胃方中主要药物成分间的联合抗菌作用进行验证。
1、广藿香与丁香
验证广藿香的主要成分广藿香醇与丁香的主要成分丁香酚的联合抗菌作用。
以DMSO分别溶解广藿香醇及丁香酚,配置广藿香醇的母液浓度分别为50、25、12.5和6.25mg/ml,配置丁香酚的母液浓度分别为100、50、25和12.5mg/ml,按照终浓度要求根据棋盘法在含有5%羊血的MH培养基中加入不同比例的广藿香醇和丁香酚。幽门螺杆菌传代后使用麦氏比浊仪调整麦氏浓度为1,均匀涂布于含药平板上。放置在微需氧培养箱中培养5天,拍照记录结果,结果见图1~2。
由图1~2可知,广藿香醇单独抗菌时MIC值为25μg/mL,当联合丁香酚后,广藿香醇的MIC值降为12.5μg/mL;丁香酚单独抗菌时MIC值为100μg/mL,当联合广藿香醇后,丁香酚的MIC值降为50μg/mL。表明广藿香醇和丁香酚具有协同抗菌作用。
2、丁香与生姜
验证丁香的主要成分丁香酚与生姜的主要抗菌成分6-姜酚的联合抗菌作用。
以DMSO分别溶解丁香酚和6-姜酚,配置丁香酚的母液浓度分别为200、100、50和25mg/ml,配置6-姜酚的母液浓度分别为50、25、12.5和6.25mg/ml,按照终浓度要求根据棋盘法在含有5%羊血的MH培养基中加入不同比例的丁香酚和6-姜酚。幽门螺杆菌传代后使用麦氏比浊仪调整麦氏浓度为1,均匀涂布于含药平板上。放置在微需氧培养箱中培养5天,拍照记录结果,结果见图3~4。
由图3~4可知,丁香酚单独抗菌时MIC值为100μg/mL,当联合6-姜酚后,丁香酚的MIC值为50μg/mL;6-姜酚单独抗菌时MIC值为25μg/mL,当联合丁香酚后,6-姜酚的MIC值为12.5μg/mL。表明丁香酚和6-姜酚具有协同抗菌作用。
实施例2
本实施例提供了指纹图谱实验。
1、供试品溶液的制备
精密称取广藿香细粉0.5g,丁香细粉0.5g,人参细粉0.5g,橘红细粉1.0g,生姜提取物冻干粉0.27g,置于具塞锥形瓶中,加入70%甲醇25mL,超声提取30min,取出放置室温,加甲醇补足差量并摇匀。提取液经0.22μm微孔滤膜滤过,取续滤液即得藿香安胃散指纹图谱供试品溶液。取上述续滤液适量,采用70%甲醇稀释1000倍,即得藿香安胃散含量测定供试品溶液。
衍生化反应测定丁香酚,分别移取200μL标准溶液或含量测定供试品溶液(稀释4倍)于离心管中,依次加入50μLNaHCO3溶液(pH=10.5)和200μLDNCL溶液(0.5mg/mL),混匀后于40℃水浴锅内反应10min,经过15000r/min离心10min,取上清液进样分析,测定衍生化产物Eugenol-DNCL(分子式C22H23NO4S)。
2、混合对照品溶液的制备
精密称取毛蕊花糖苷、橙皮苷、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、6-姜酚、广藿香酮、丁香酚对照品适量,用色谱甲醇配置成质量浓度分别为1.07、0.80、1.26、1.65、1.44、1.35、1.32、2.25mg/mL的单一对照品储备液。精密移取各对照品储备液适量置于5mL容量瓶中,加色谱甲醇制成毛蕊花糖苷、橙皮苷、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、6-姜酚、广藿香酮、丁香酚质量浓度分别为0.10、0.10、0.10、0.10、0.10、0.20、0.20、0.20mg/mL的混合对照品储备液。
3、色谱条件
Athena C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);0.1%甲酸水(A)-乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,0~32.0min,92~82%A;32.0~53.0min,82%~81%A;53.0~85.0min,81%~75%A;85.0~95.0min,75~69%A;95.0~110.0min,69~61%A;110.0~140.0min,61~32%A;140.0~170.0min,32~0%A;170.0~175.0min,0%A。柱温为35℃,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为210nm,进样量为12μL。
4、指纹图谱建立及相似度评价
分别选取12批次藿香安胃散进行指纹图谱建立,药材产地信息见表1。
表1 12批次藿香安胃散中药材的产地信息
制备12批次藿香安胃散的供试品溶液,按色谱条件下进样,记录色谱图。采用国家药典委员会“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)”对测定结果进行评价,以S3批次图谱为参照指纹图谱,采用多点校正后进行自动匹配,用中位数法生成对照指纹图谱。结果见图5。(毛蕊花糖苷(10)、橙皮苷(14)、人参皂苷Re(17)、人参皂苷Rg1(18)、丁香酚(20)、人参皂苷Rb1(22)、6-姜酚(24)、广藿香酮(27))
结果表明,S1~S12批次样品特征指纹图谱与对照特征指纹图谱的相似度分别为0.993、0.991、0.998、0.945、0.998、0.998、1.000、0.987、1.000、0.992、0.999、0.999(见表2),表明各批次样品的化学成分基本一致。自动匹配后生成35个共有峰,通过对照品指认了其中8个共有峰,分别为毛蕊花糖苷(10)、橙皮苷(14)、人参皂苷Re(17)、人参皂苷Rg1(18)、丁香酚(20)、人参皂苷Rb1(22)、6-姜酚(24)、广藿香酮(27)。
表2藿香安胃散指纹图谱的相似度结果
实施例3
本实施例提供了藿香安胃散中8个主要成分的UPLC-MS含量测定
1、色谱和质谱条件
WatersAcauity UPLC BEH C13色谱柱(100mm×2.1mm,1.7μm);0.1%甲酸水(A)-乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,0~4.5min,90~72%A;4.5~8.0min,72%~35%A;8.0~9.0min,35%~20%A;9.0~10.0min,20%~0%A;10.0~11.0min,0%A。流速为0.4mL/min,柱温为40℃,进样量为1.5μL。
Waters Xevo G2 Q-Tof质谱以ESI正、负离子模式采集数据,毛细管电压-2.5kV,锥孔电压为-40V,离子源温度为500℃,脱溶剂气流量为850L/h,扫描范围m/z 100~1200,用亮氨酸脑啡肽实时校正质量轴。
采用一级质谱进行定量,具体信息为:毛蕊花糖苷(负离子模式,tR=3.21min,m/z623.1976)、橙皮苷(负离子模式,tR=3.95min,m/z 609.1819)、人参皂苷Re(负离子模式,tR=4.86min,m/z 991.5478)、人参皂苷Rg1(负离子模式,tR=4.87min,m/z 845.4899)、人参皂苷Rb1(负离子模式,tR=6.28min,m/z 1153.6006)、6-姜酚(正离子模式,tR=7.39min,m/z 317.1729)、广藿香酮(正离子模式,tR=8.62min,m/z 225.1127)、Eugenol-DNCL(正离子模式,tR=8.89min,m/z 398.1421)。
2、样品测定
按照实施例2中所述,取表1中的12批次样品,制备供试品溶液,按照色谱条件进样测定,根据标准曲线计算含量,结果见表3
表3 12批次藿香安胃散含量测定结果
由表3可知,12批次样品中毛蕊花糖苷、橙皮苷、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rg1、丁香酚、人参皂苷Rb1、6-姜酚、广藿香酮的含量相差不大。
实施例4
本实施例验证了藿香安胃方对大鼠急性胃溃疡的保护作用。
将56只健康大鼠进行单因素实验,大鼠随机分为6组,为对照组,模型组和实验组,实验组分为兰索拉唑组、安胃散低剂量组、安胃散中剂量组和安胃散高剂量组,对照组和兰索拉唑组每组8只,其余各组每组10只。实验期间每组大鼠的饮食、饮水等条件均相同。将广藿香、丁香、人参和橘红分别研磨得到细粉,按照广藿香1.2g、丁香1.2g、人参1.2g、橘红2.4g的比例混合得到混合粉末,再取3g生姜加入200ml水,煎煮60min后得到生姜水,生姜水冻干成冻干粉后按比例与广藿香、丁香、人参、橘红混合,以纯水灌胃服用。(安胃散剂量组中所述剂量为混合粉末的质量,大鼠以姜水灌胃服用)
安胃散高剂量组:大鼠每日灌胃1次,每次服用剂量为1.1g/kg;
安胃散中剂量组:大鼠每日灌胃1次,每次服用剂量为0.55g/kg;
安胃散低剂量组:大鼠每日灌胃1次,每次服用剂量为0.275g/kg;
兰索拉唑组:大鼠每日灌胃1次,每次服用剂量为30mg/kg;
模型组:与实验组同时进行大鼠灌胃操作,每次灌胃同等体积的纯水;
对照组:与实验组同时进行大鼠灌胃操作,每次灌胃同等体积的纯水。
连续给药3天,于最后一次给药的2个半小时后,给予实验组和模型组大鼠1ml无水乙醇灌胃,造急性胃溃疡模型,对照组给予大鼠1ml纯净水灌胃。1小时后,过量麻醉法处死大鼠,取大鼠胃组织,解刨观察大鼠胃组织内溃疡情况,结果见图5。使用ImageJ分级计算溃疡面积,统计结果见图6。
由图5~6可知,对照组大鼠无胃溃疡现象发生,表明实验过程中大鼠的正常饮食不会引发胃溃疡现象;模型组大鼠胃部出现大面积溃疡情况;兰索拉唑组大鼠胃部几乎没有溃疡现象发生;安胃散低剂量组大鼠胃部出现溃疡,但溃疡面积低于模型组,并随着安胃散剂量的增加,大鼠胃部溃疡面积降低,溃疡程度减轻,安胃散高剂量组大鼠胃部溃疡程度与兰索拉唑组接近。表明藿香安胃方可以显著性抑制无水乙醇造成的急性胃溃疡损伤。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.藿香安胃方作为唯一有效成分在制备抗幽门螺杆菌的药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述藿香安胃方按照质量份数计,由广藿香7~8份、丁香7~8份、人参7~8份、橘红14~16份、生姜10~25份制成。
2.藿香安胃方作为唯一有效成分在制备治疗或预防胃溃疡的药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述藿香安胃方按照质量份数计,由广藿香7~8份、丁香7~8份、人参7~8份、橘红14~16份、生姜10~25份制成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述藿香安胃方可缩小溃疡面积。
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