CN115119670A - Method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode by using alkaline electrolyzed water - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode by using alkaline electrolyzed water Download PDFInfo
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- CN115119670A CN115119670A CN202210821471.3A CN202210821471A CN115119670A CN 115119670 A CN115119670 A CN 115119670A CN 202210821471 A CN202210821471 A CN 202210821471A CN 115119670 A CN115119670 A CN 115119670A
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M17/00—Apparatus for the destruction of vermin in soil or in foodstuffs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water, which comprises the following steps: diluting an alkaline electrolyzed water stock solution by 200 times to obtain a diluent for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes; secondly, for a soil area of 3-12cm underground with the root-knot nematodes, before transplanting or planting crops, inputting a diluent into the soil area by using a drip irrigation system, and realizing bacteriostasis by adjusting the pH value of the soil; and step three, performing at least one bacteriostatic operation on the soil area in the crop growth period. The invention provides a method for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes by applying alkaline electrolytic water in a soil interval which is easy to cause root-knot nematodes in the early stage of transplanting crops and the growth period of the crops, and performing bacteriostasis operation on the soil in the interval, so that the soil environment is not suitable for the propagation and growth of the root-knot nematodes, and the prevention and treatment effects are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pest control. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water.
Background
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) are a highly specialized species of the xenotrophic phytopathogenic nematodes. Root-knot nematodes mainly damage the roots of various vegetables, and are characterized by a more normal increase in lateral roots and fibrous roots, and the formation of spherical or conical white nodules of various sizes, sometimes in the form of marbles, on the fibrous roots of young roots. The overground part of the damaged plant grows short and slow, the color of the leaves is abnormal, the fruiting is less, the yield is low, and even the plant dies in advance.
The root-knot nematodes are mainly distributed in surface soil of 3-10 cm, few soil below 15 cm exists, the nematodes can die after 8-10 minutes under the temperature and humidity condition of 55 ℃, and by utilizing the characteristic, in the prior art, the nematodes are eradicated by methods of burning, flooding, high-temperature stewing chambers and the like usually adopted in summer stubble changing, but for the burning operation, most areas do not allow the operation, the fire is easy to generate, for the flooding, the water consumption is large, the application in partial water-deficient areas is unrealistic, and the high-temperature stewing chamber method cannot be realized for the operation other than in a greenhouse, so that most methods at present adopt chemical agent control, such as granules of 10% of cadusafos, 3% of milel and the like, and the soil is ploughed after 3-5 kilograms of chemical agent is uniformly spread in each mu. Or in the field planting of seedlings, the seedlings are irrigated with big water, one bottle of the Mega No. 1 +2 is planted per mu, and the lasting period can reach more than 4 months; or 16 bags of fortune are applied per mu, and the lasting period can reach 2 months; or 2 percent of abamectin 1kg is used per mu, and the effective period of the abamectin is one month after being filled into 2-3 bottles; or the full-warehouse granules with 10 percent of granules are applied in a hole, 25000 g of each 667 m, residual insect sources in the soil are killed, the adoption of the chemical methods can cause irreversible damage to the soil, and residues are easy to generate in crops, so that the crops or fruits thereof can not meet the requirements of green agricultural products.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for controlling root-knot nematodes using alkaline electrolyzed water, comprising:
diluting an alkaline electrolyzed water stock solution by 200 times to obtain a diluent for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes;
step two, for a soil area of 3-12cm underground with the root-knot nematodes, before transplanting or planting crops, inputting a diluent into the soil area by using a drip irrigation system, and realizing bacteriostasis by adjusting the pH value of the soil;
and step three, performing at least one bacteriostatic operation on the soil area in the crop growth period.
Preferably, in the second step, the bacteriostasis means that the relative humidity of the soil is 50-75% in an area of 7-10cm of the underground soil through the diluent.
Preferably, in the second step, the method further comprises the steps of carrying out deep tedding operation on the soil 3-5 days before the bacteriostasis operation, and applying 120-275kg of bacteriostasis straw fertilizer to the ground after the deep tedding operation;
performing secondary plowing operation on the soil applied with the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer;
wherein the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-32 parts of celery stalk powder and/or garlic stalk powder, 30-56 parts of bean stalk powder, 70-100 parts of corn stalk powder, 50-75 parts of rice stalk powder, 120-processed distiller's grains powder, 135 parts of oil cake powder, 110-processed oil cake powder and 127 parts of sugar residue powder.
Preferably, the powdery preparation method of each crop in the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer is configured to include:
firstly, carrying out primary crushing on various crop raw materials through harvesting equipment, and after the crop raw materials are lifted to coarse powder, storing the coarse powder in a corresponding storage tank through transfer equipment;
step two, fermenting the coarse powder obtained in the step one for 15-29 days after high-temperature sterilization treatment is carried out on the coarse powder in a storage tank;
inputting the fermented coarse powder into a drying device through a matched conveying device for drying treatment;
step four, feeding the dried coarse powder into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain raw material fine powder with the particle size of 0.35-1.35 mm;
and step five, weighing the fine powder of the raw materials, the vinasse powder, the oil cake powder and the sugar residue powder obtained in the step four in parts by weight, and granulating by using a granulator after weighing to obtain the antibacterial straw fertilizer with the particle size controlled at 1.5-2.35 mm.
Preferably, in the granulating process of step five, the method further comprises: alkaline electrolyzed water with a corresponding proportion is input into the granulator through a water conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the second step further comprises spraying alkaline electrolyzed water into the coarse powder before high-temperature sterilization, and performing mixing operation through a corresponding stirring component;
wherein the amount of the alkaline electrolyzed water sprayed is used to ensure that the water content of the coarse powder is not less than 40-45%.
Preferably, the storage tank is configured to include:
a tank body of a double-layer structure;
the cover body is matched with the tank body and is provided with a matched stirring component;
the double-layer structure of the tank body is internally provided with an electric heating mechanism and a heat insulation layer, and the outer side wall of the tank body is provided with a control box which is in communication connection with the electric heating mechanism;
a temperature and humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and a camera which are in communication connection with the control box are arranged on the inner side wall of the cover body, a pressure relief pipe matched with the cover body is arranged on the cover body, and a valve in communication connection with the control box is arranged on the pressure relief pipe;
jar body below sets up matched with discharge gate, be provided with matched with feed inlet and inlet tube on the lid.
Preferably, the stirring assembly is configured to include:
a first motor disposed above the cover;
the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the first motor and extends into the tank body;
a plurality of layers of stirring paddles arranged on the rotating shaft;
wherein each layer of paddles is configured to include:
a plurality of stirring blades arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft;
the scraper blade is arranged at the free end of the stirring blade and matched with the side wall of the tank body.
Preferably, the granulator is configured to comprise:
the mixing bin is matched with the feed hopper, and a matched mixing mechanism is arranged in the mixing bin;
the granulating bin is matched with the discharge end of the mixing bin, and a material pressing mechanism and a material cutting mechanism which are matched with each other are arranged in the granulating bin;
wherein, the upper part or the side wall of the granulation cabin is provided with a matched atomization water spraying mechanism;
the swage mechanism is configured to include:
a second motor;
the grinding disc is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the second motor, grinding teeth are arranged on the side wall of the inner part of the grinding disc, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the grinding disc;
two press rolls which are rotatably arranged in the grinding disc and are in transmission connection with the grinding teeth;
the cutting mechanism is configured to include at least two cutters provided with a grinding disc periphery.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: in the early stage of transplanting crops and in the growth period of the crops, alkaline electrolyzed water is applied in a soil interval in which root-knot nematodes are easy to grow, and the soil in the interval is subjected to bacteriostasis operation, so that the soil environment is not suitable for the propagation and growth of the root-knot nematodes, and the effect of prevention and treatment is achieved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the pelletizer in another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements.
According to the invention, the method for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water comprises the following steps:
diluting an alkaline electrolyzed water stock solution by 200 times to obtain a diluent for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, wherein the pH value of the diluted alkaline electrolyzed water is controlled to be 10-13.5, and the optimal scheme is to control the pH value of the diluted alkaline electrolyzed water to be 11;
secondly, for a soil area of 3-12cm underground with the root-knot nematodes, before transplanting or planting crops, inputting a diluent into the soil area by using a drip irrigation system, and realizing bacteriostasis by adjusting the pH value of the soil;
and step three, performing at least one bacteriostatic operation on the soil area in the crop growth period. In the early stage of transplanting crops and in the growth period of the crops, alkaline electrolyzed water is applied in a soil interval in which root-knot nematodes are easy to grow, and the soil in the interval is subjected to bacteriostasis operation, so that the soil environment is not suitable for the propagation and growth of the root-knot nematodes, and the effect of prevention and treatment is achieved.
Example (b):
soil: the soil is a plot easy to explode root-knot nematodes.
Seedling: selecting cucumbers to be transplanted, inputting diluent into a position 10cm below soil for primary bacteriostasis by adopting a drip irrigation system for crop transplantation, performing secondary bacteriostasis when the crops are 30-45cm, and performing tertiary bacteriostasis after the first round of fruit bearing of the crops, wherein the related technical parameters and the dosage of the diluent in each bacteriostasis operation are as follows:
| pH of alkaline electrolyzed water | pH after dilution | Dilution factor | Mu water consumption (liter) | Mu dosage of alkaline electrolyzed water (liter) |
| 13.1 | 11 | 200 | 12000 | 60 |
Environment: the environment is a greenhouse;
control group 1: arranging a blank control group in the same environment of the same variety (namely, not performing any operation related to the root-knot nematode);
and a control group 2, which is a chemical drug control group (granules of 10 percent of clofentezine, 3 percent of melleal and the like are selected, and 3-5 kilograms of the granules are uniformly scattered per mu and then are ploughed into the soil) in the same environment with the same variety.
The experimental results are as follows: after the cucumbers completely reach the growth period, respectively pulling out 10-30 cucumber seedlings from the example 1 and the control groups 1 and 2, respectively detecting and observing, wherein 8 cucumber root swelling deformities in a chicken claw shape appear in the blank control group 1, cutting off the fibrous roots and lateral roots of the cucumbers in any case, wherein the root knots have very small opalescent nematodes which are stored in the roots, while the root appearances of the cucumbers in the example 1 and the control group 2 are normal, and the fibrous roots and the lateral roots are not abnormal after being cut off;
further testing the soil, the cucumber seedlings and the cucumbers, the cucumber seedlings and the cucumber seedlings in the control group 2 have a small amount of pesticide residues, the pesticide residues in the soil are 2-3.5 times of those of the cucumber seedlings and the cucumbers, and the soil seedlings and the cucumbers in the example 1 and the control group 1 have no residues.
Furthermore, compared with the cucumber growth period of the control group 1 and the control group 2, the growth period of the cucumber in the example 1 is longer than that of the cucumber in the control group 2, the fruiting time and fruiting rate are equivalent, the number of fruit picking rounds is about 7-10, the growth period of the cucumber in the control group 1 is shorter, the number of fruit picking rounds is about 3-5, the fruiting rate is 60-80% of that of the cucumber in the example 1 and the control group 2, and after the cucumber seedling dies, the cucumber seedling is pulled out for observation, and 80-95% of the rest cucumber seedlings in the blank control group 1 are infected with root knot nematode, and new roots on the root knot nematode are also diseased and form a root knot tumor, 20% -25% of the cucumber seedlings in the control group 2 are slightly diseased, while the electrolyzed water in the example is a solution without any performance.
In another example, in the second step, the bacteriostasis means that the relative humidity of the soil is 50% -75% in a 7-10cm area of the underground soil through the diluent, and the spraying amount in the interval of the soil can be ensured to meet the requirement through the limitation of the mode, so that the soil environment is not suitable for the growth of the root-knot nematodes.
In another example, in the second step, after 3-5 days before the bacteriostasis operation, the soil is deeply tedded, and 275kg of bacteriostasis straw fertilizer is applied to the ground mu after the bacteriostasis operation, in the operation, the bacteria in the soil can be partially removed through the land sunning operation through the deep tedding, so that the sterility of the soil environment is ensured, the growth of plant diseases and insect pests is prevented, and the bacteriostasis straw fertilizer is applied to the soil after the land sunned, so that the soil fertility is supplemented, the soil quality is adjusted, meanwhile, the soil contains quantitative bacteriostasis components, meanwhile, the bacteriostasis straw fertilizer cannot damage the roots of the materials, and the slow release effect of the fertility can be achieved;
performing secondary soil turning operation on the soil applied with the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer, wherein the soil is used for turning the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer into the position 7-10cm underground, and ensuring that the bacteriostatic position of the soil corresponds to the root of the transplanted crop;
wherein the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the fertilizer comprises, by weight, 20-32 parts of celery stalk powder and/or garlic stalk powder, 30-56 parts of bean stalk powder (such as soybean), 70-100 parts of corn stalk powder, 50-75 parts of rice stalk powder, 120 parts of vinasse powder, 127 parts of oil cake powder, and 32-45 parts of sugar residue powder.
In another example, the powdery preparation method of each crop in the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer is configured to comprise the following steps:
step one, after each crop raw material is subjected to primary crushing through harvesting equipment and coarse powder is mentioned, the raw material is stored in a corresponding storage tank through transfer equipment, in the operation step, after the raw material is subjected to primary treatment through the harvesting equipment, compared with the operation of directly spraying and returning the field in the prior art, the raw material is subjected to secondary treatment through the storage tank, so that the fertility of the raw material can be absorbed more quickly compared with the prior art, meanwhile, the raw material cannot influence the properties of soil, cannot be changed for a long time, and the later-stage sowing effect is influenced;
step two, after the coarse powder obtained in the step one is subjected to high-temperature sterilization treatment in a storage tank, fermenting for 15-29 days, wherein the coarse powder is used for performing high-temperature sterilization treatment on the recycled raw materials and effectively killing parasite eggs, germs and the like contained in the raw materials through the step, the high temperature refers to the temperature and humidity of the coarse powder not lower than 75-85 ℃, the sterilization time is 2-6 hours, in the fermentation process, the temperature and humidity and the fermentation effect in the tank body can be detected in real time, the fermentation time is effectively shortened through external heating, and the fermentation effect is ensured;
inputting the fermented coarse powder into a drying device through a matched conveying device for drying, wherein the drying device is used for drying the fermented materials to ensure that the moisture content of the fermented materials is smaller so as to facilitate the later crushing operation, the drying can be natural drying or external intervention type drying through an electric heating mechanism, the further drying refers to that the moisture content of the raw materials is less than 15%, and meanwhile, the drying operation can also effectively remove the peculiar smell generated by the fermentation, in the practical application, a matched suction mechanism and a filtering and/or absorbing mechanism matched with the suction mechanism are required to be arranged outside the drying device so as to remove the moisture and the peculiar smell generated in the drying;
step four, feeding the dried coarse powder into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain raw material fine powder with the particle size controlled between 0.35 and 1.35mm, wherein the raw material fine powder is used for crushing the coarse powder to ensure the smoothness of granulation at the later stage and simultaneously ensure that the coarse powder is decomposed more quickly after being applied to soil at the later stage;
and step five, weighing the fine powder, the vinasse powder, the oil cake powder and the sugar residue powder of the raw materials obtained in the step four in parts by weight, and granulating the weighed materials by using a granulator to obtain the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer with the particle size controlled to be 1.5-2.35 mm.
In another example, in the granulating process of step five, the method further comprises: the alkaline electrolyzed water of corresponding proportion is input into the granulator through the water delivery mechanism, in this step, the effect of alkaline electrolyzed water has two, one is to make the powder have certain viscidity each other, the raw materials of being convenient for go on the laminating, its two lie in the powder adhesive in-process through further playing antibacterial effect, in the granulation operation, and in the use of later stage, can both play certain antibacterial effect, and the input volume of alkaline electrolyzed water is used for guaranteeing that each powder can the pie form be good in the granulator, prevent because of the powder overdry, easy loose after the granulation, it is more to loose the powder, if be unfavorable for the storage after the granulation simultaneously, also can carry out low temperature drying process after the granulation, so that its moisture content satisfies the needs.
In another example, the second step further comprises spraying alkaline electrolyzed water into the coarse powder before high-temperature sterilization, and performing mixing operation through a corresponding stirring component;
wherein the spraying amount of the alkaline electrolyzed water is used for ensuring that the water content of the coarse powder is not lower than 40-45%, in the structure, the alkaline electrolyzed water plays a second role, one is that the straws with higher dryness after being harvested can have certain water content by water supplement so as to be fermented in the later period, the fermentation effect is better, and the bacteria in the coarse powder can not continuously propagate in the treatment process and after the treatment, so as to ensure that the environment meets the requirement and the water content meets the requirement, in practical operation, the coarse powder can be soaked for 1-2 days before high-temperature sterilization, part of bacteria in the environment can be killed by the action of hard electrolytic water, meanwhile, bacteria can not continue to be in series in the operation environment of the coarse powder, and the coarse powder is further subjected to green turning (water returning) operation, so that the fermentation operation in the later period is facilitated, and the effectiveness is higher.
In another example, as shown in fig. 1, the storage tank is configured to include:
a tank body 1 of a double-layer structure;
the cover body 2 is matched with the tank body, and the stirring component 3 is matched with the cover body and used for mixing materials and water to meet the requirement, namely the coarse powder at each position can have water;
the double-layer structure of the tank body is internally provided with an electric heating mechanism 4 and a heat insulation layer 5, the electric heating mechanism is used for heating the tank body so as to enable the temperature and the humidity inside the tank body to meet requirements, the heat insulation layer is used for reducing heat dispersion, a control box 6 in communication connection with the electric heating mechanism is arranged on the outer side wall of the tank body, and the control box is used for switching the work of a valve of the electric heating mechanism;
a temperature and humidity sensor 7, a pressure sensor 8 and a camera 9 which are in communication connection with the control box are arranged on the inner side wall of the cover body, a pressure relief pipe 10 which is matched with the cover body is arranged on the cover body, and a valve 11 which is in communication connection with the control box is arranged on the pressure relief pipe;
the utility model discloses a fermentation tank, including jar body, lid, feed inlet, water inlet pipe, water supply assembly, stirring subassembly, control box, electric heating mechanism, the jar body, jar body below sets up matched with discharge gate 12, be provided with matched with feed inlet 13 and inlet tube 14 on the lid, in practical application, the middlings gets into to jar body from the feed inlet, the inlet tube passes through the matched with pump body pump income ration alkaline electrolysis water, the control box control stirring subassembly is in operating condition, carry out intensive mixing with alkaline electrolysis water with the middlings, and when its inside alkaline electrolysis water reaches half the volume of middlings, stop water supply and stirring, after a period of stewing, the stirring subassembly continues to stir, so that the material further mixes, and turn over upper portion material to the below and stop working, continue stewing for a period, the control box starts electric heating mechanism and is in operating condition, carry out the heating operation to the middlings inside, realize high temperature sterilization, and in the fermentation operation of later stage, through temperature and humidity sensor, pressure sensor, to the temperature, the internal temperature of jar, Pressure acquires in real time, acquires the fermentation condition through the camera to heat the operation when its temperature reduces, and when pressure was too big, start the valve and carry out quantitative pressure release, guarantee the normal operating condition of jar body, when can not reach the requirement with the ferment effect, carry out moisturizing, heating operation.
In another example, as shown in fig. 1, the stirring assembly is configured to include:
a first motor 15 disposed above the cover;
a rotating shaft 16 which is connected with the power output shaft of the first motor in a transmission way and extends into the tank body;
the stirring paddles 17 are arranged on the rotating shaft in multiple layers, and in the structure, the rotating acting force of the first motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft and further transmitted to the stirring paddles, so that the stirring operation of the coarse powder in the tank body is realized;
wherein each layer of paddles is configured to include:
the stirring blades 18 are arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft and correspond to the positions on all layers to realize three-dimensional material turning, the transverse cross sections of the stirring blades in space are wavy and have a certain inclination angle, and the stirring blades are used for performing auxiliary limitation on the space positions and reducing resistance when turning over materials;
the setting is at the free end of stirring leaf, and with jar side wall matched with scraper blade 19, the scraper blade is used for scraping the operation with the material from jar side wall, the scraper blade is vertical setting in the space simultaneously, its appearance is wavy structure, make the material at rotatory in-process, it pushes away each other, the effort of pressure, be used for realizing the transform to the material in the space, and scraper blade and side wall matched with position are for having certain inclination, reduce the effort when it is rotatory, it is littleer to make its rotatory reaction force that adds for the pivot soon, in practical application, because of its effect that plays is the compounding and guarantees jar body everywhere temperature can transmit each other, better homogeneity has, so its rotational speed can set up to low rotational speed.
In another example, as shown in fig. 2, the pelletizer is configured to include:
a mixing bin 20 matched with the feed hopper is internally provided with a matched mixing mechanism 21 which is used for ensuring the uniformity of the raw materials in the later manufacturing process and ensuring that the raw material content of each material is basically consistent;
the granulating bin 22 is matched with the discharge end of the mixing bin, and a material pressing mechanism and a material cutting mechanism which are matched with each other are arranged in the granulating bin;
wherein, the upper part or the side wall of the granulation cabin is provided with a matched atomization water spray mechanism 23;
the swage mechanism is configured to include:
a second motor 24;
the grinding disc 25 is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the second motor, grinding teeth 26 are arranged on the side wall of the inner part of the grinding disc, and a plurality of through holes 27 are formed in the side wall of the grinding disc;
two press rolls 28 rotatably arranged in the grinding disc and in transmission connection with the grinding teeth;
the blank mechanism is configured to include being provided with two at least cutters 29 of mill outlying, and in practical application, the second motor transmits power for the mill in the granulation storehouse, makes the mill rotate to drive two compression rollers and rotate when the mill rotates, atomizing water spray mechanism carries out the back of alkaline electrolysis water atomization treatment, fall into the granulation storehouse after carrying out the operation of moisturizing to the raw materials that gets into from the blending bunker, the raw materials can become the mushy under rolling of two compression rollers, at last be extruded out from the through hole of mill under compression roller extrusion, the strip material that becomes the strip material after-cutting will extrude through the cutter cuts into the graininess of a festival, and in practical application, can also set up the matched material throwing tray in the swager mechanism, throw away with the strip material.
The above scheme is merely illustrative of a preferred example, and is not limiting. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.
The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the invention not be limited to the exact details and illustrations described and illustrated herein, but fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
diluting an alkaline electrolyzed water stock solution by 200 times to obtain a diluent for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes;
step two, for a soil area of 3-12cm underground with the root-knot nematodes, before transplanting or planting crops, inputting a diluent into the soil area by using a drip irrigation system, and realizing bacteriostasis by adjusting the pH value of the soil;
and step three, performing at least one bacteriostatic operation on the soil area in the growth cycle of the crops.
2. The method for controlling root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the bacteriostasis means that the relative humidity of the soil is 50% -75% in an area of 7-10cm under the ground by using the diluent.
3. The method for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the method further comprises the steps of performing deep tedding operation on the soil 3-5 days before the bacteriostasis operation, and applying 275kg of bacteriostatic straw fertilizer to the ground mu after the deep tedding operation;
performing secondary plowing operation on the soil applied with the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer;
wherein the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
20-32 parts of celery stalk powder and/or garlic stalk powder, 30-56 parts of bean stalk powder, 70-100 parts of corn stalk powder, 50-75 parts of rice stalk powder, 120-processed distiller's grains powder, 135 parts of oil cake powder, 110-processed oil cake powder and 127 parts of sugar residue powder.
4. The method for controlling root-knot nematodes by using alkaline electrolyzed water as claimed in claim 3, wherein the powdery preparation method of each crop in the bacteriostatic straw fertilizer is configured to comprise the following steps:
firstly, carrying out primary crushing on various crop raw materials through harvesting equipment, and after the crop raw materials are lifted to coarse powder, storing the coarse powder in a corresponding storage tank through transfer equipment;
step two, fermenting the coarse powder obtained in the step one for 15-29 days after high-temperature sterilization treatment is carried out on the coarse powder in a storage tank;
inputting the fermented coarse powder into a drying device through a matched conveying device for drying treatment;
step four, feeding the dried coarse powder into a crusher for crushing treatment to obtain raw material fine powder with the particle size of 0.35-1.35 mm;
and step five, weighing the fine powder of the raw materials, the vinasse powder, the oil cake powder and the sugar residue powder obtained in the step four in parts by weight, and granulating by using a granulator after weighing to obtain the antibacterial straw fertilizer with the particle size controlled at 1.5-2.35 mm.
5. The method for controlling root-knot nematodes using alkaline electrolyzed water as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the granulation process of the fifth step, the method further comprises: alkaline electrolyzed water with a corresponding proportion is input into the granulator through a water conveying mechanism.
6. The method for controlling root-knot nematodes using alkaline electrolyzed water as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the second step, alkaline electrolyzed water is sprayed into the coarse powder before high-temperature sterilization, and mixing operation is performed by corresponding stirring members;
wherein the amount of the alkaline electrolyzed water sprayed is used to ensure that the water content of the coarse powder is not less than 40-45%.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the storage tank is configured to comprise:
a tank body of a double-layer structure;
the cover body is matched with the tank body, and a matched stirring assembly is arranged on the cover body;
the double-layer structure of the tank body is internally provided with an electric heating mechanism and an insulating layer, and the outer side wall of the tank body is provided with a control box which is in communication connection with the electric heating mechanism;
a temperature and humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and a camera which are in communication connection with the control box are arranged on the inner side wall of the cover body, a pressure relief pipe matched with the cover body is arranged on the cover body, and a valve in communication connection with the control box is arranged on the pressure relief pipe;
jar body below sets up matched with discharge gate, be provided with matched with feed inlet and inlet tube on the lid.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the agitation assembly is configured to comprise:
a first motor disposed above the cover;
the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the first motor and extends into the tank body;
a plurality of layers of stirring paddles arranged on the rotating shaft;
wherein each layer of paddles is configured to include:
a plurality of stirring blades arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft;
the scraper blade is arranged at the free end of the stirring blade and matched with the side wall of the tank body.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the granulator is configured to comprise:
the mixing bin is matched with the feed hopper, and a matched mixing mechanism is arranged in the mixing bin;
the granulating bin is matched with the discharge end of the mixing bin, and a material pressing mechanism and a material cutting mechanism which are matched with each other are arranged in the granulating bin;
wherein, the upper part or the side wall of the granulation cabin is provided with a matched atomization water spraying mechanism;
the swage mechanism is configured to include:
a second motor;
the grinding disc is in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the second motor, grinding teeth are arranged on the side wall of the inner part of the grinding disc, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the grinding disc;
two press rolls which are rotatably arranged in the grinding disc and are in transmission connection with the grinding teeth;
the cutting mechanism is configured to include at least two cutters provided with a grinding disc periphery.
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Application publication date: 20220930 |