CN115109728B - Straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000223254 Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011218 seed culture Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052564 epsomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012807 shake-flask culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 3
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- 235000003239 Guizotia abyssinica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent, a preparation method and application thereof, which solves the technical problems of slow straw decomposition speed and long decomposition time caused by the influence of factors such as stability of straw structure, environmental temperature, soil condition, microorganisms and the like, wherein the straw decomposition compound microbial agent comprises the following bacterial strains: the bacillus licheniformis (Bacilluslicheniformis) is more than or equal to 60 hundred million CFU/g, the rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) is more than or equal to 2 hundred million CFU/g, and the aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) is more than or equal to 20 hundred million CFU/g.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural microorganisms, in particular to a straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Soil degradation problems such as thinning of soil layers, reduction of organic matter content, compaction and hardening of structures and the like are caused by unreasonable cultivation and intensive utilization of soil for a long time; however, under natural conditions, the straw is difficult to return to the field for decomposition, and is influenced by factors such as stability of straw structure, low temperature, soil condition, microorganism and the like, so that the straw is slow in decomposition and decomposition speed and long in decomposition time, and the planting of the next crop is seriously influenced in a multi-cropping mode, so that the straw is a barrier for restricting the straw returning to the field. After the straw is returned to the field, the earlier-stage straw is not fermented, and the phenomena of root hanging, floating and the like of the next crop seedlings are influenced, so that the moisture and nutrition absorption in the field planting process of the crop seedlings are further influenced; the later-period straw fermentation can fight for nutrients with crops, and the growth and development of the crops are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the following technical problems in the prior art: the invention provides a straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the straw is difficult to decompose under natural conditions, and is influenced by factors such as stability of a straw structure, environmental temperature, soil condition, microorganisms and the like, so that the straw is slow in decomposition speed and long in decomposition time.
Therefore, the invention provides a straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent, which contains the following bacterial strains: the bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) is more than or equal to 60 hundred million CFU/g, the rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) is more than or equal to 2 hundred million CFU/g, and the aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) is more than or equal to 20 hundred million CFU/g.
Preferably, the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 20-30 parts of aspergillus niger, 1-5 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, 50-60 parts of urea and 10-20 parts of dextrin.
Preferably, the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 20-30 parts of aspergillus niger, 1-5 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, 50-60 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch and 5-10 parts of light calcium carbonate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent, which comprises the following steps: (1) Fermenting the straw in-situ decomposed composite microbial agent strain: sequentially performing slant culture, shake flask culture, seed culture and fermentation tank culture on bacillus licheniformis, yeast and aspergillus niger strains; the viable count of the liquid fermentation of the bacillus licheniformis is more than 100 hundred million CFU/mL, namely, the termination of fermentation is judged, the liquid fermentation is put into a tank, concentrated, and dextrin is added for spray drying, so that the full water-soluble bacillus licheniformis bacterial powder is obtained; the viable bacteria count of the yeast liquid fermentation is more than 20 hundred million CFU/mL, namely, the termination of fermentation is judged, the fermentation product is obtained after the fermentation product is put into a tank, and the ceramic membrane is concentrated and then frozen and dried; pulverizing and drying Aspergillus niger after tray fermentation, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain full water-soluble Aspergillus niger powder; spore count of 100 hundred million CFU/g, regarded as production qualification; (2) Preparation of a straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent: uniformly mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the aspergillus niger and the rhodotorula mucilaginosa with urea and dextrin to obtain a full water-soluble powder microbial decomposing agent; or mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the aspergillus niger and the rhodotorula mucilaginosa with urea, sodium carboxymethyl starch and light calcium carbonate, adding water, uniformly mixing, and granulating to obtain a solid granule formulation.
Preferably, in the step (1), the production fermentation medium is as follows: bacillus fermentation medium: 15-20 g/L of corn starch, 20-30 g/L of molasses and 10～20g/L,KH2PO40.5～1.0g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5～1.0g/L,MnSO4·H2O 0.1～0.2g/L,CaCO3 0.5～1.0g/L;pH 7.0～7.2;121℃,30min g/L of bone peptone; yeast liquid fermentation medium: 20 to 30.0g/L of molasses, 5 to 10g/L of corn starch, 5 to 10.0g/L of bone peptone, 2.0 to 5.0g/L of yeast powder, 1.0 to 2.0g/L of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1 to 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, and the pH value is 6.0 to 6.5; sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30-40 min; aspergillus niger fermentation medium: 25-35 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 10-15 parts of bran, 0.5-1 part of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of water, natural pH, sterilization at 121 ℃ for 30-40 min.
The invention also provides application of the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial inoculant as a decomposition agent, wherein the application amount of the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial inoculant is 1-2 kg/mu or 1-2 kg/(1000 kg of straw).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention develops the composite microbial agent for efficiently decomposing and degrading the straw and the application technology thereof, accelerates the decomposition of the straw and ensures the normal growth of crops, so that the in-situ returning of the straw to the field and the improvement of soil organic matters are realized as a means for protecting the soil fertility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the periodic tracking of the microbial inoculant of the present invention during the application of 1-saline land straw microbial inoculant;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the application of the powdery microbial inoculant of the present invention in corn stover retanning;
FIG. 3 is a particulate microbial inoculant of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the tracking of the application of the microbial inoculant in the northeast China of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
The strains of the invention are purchased from China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC), wherein the preservation numbers of bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis), rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) and aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) are CGMCC1.6539, CGMCC 2.5541 and CGMCC 3.1380 respectively.
Example 1
Production of high-activity decomposed bacteria
1. Fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis
The bacillus licheniformis strain is subjected to slant culture, shake flask culture and seed culture in sequence, and is cultured in a fermentation tank. Taking out the preserved bacillus licheniformis strain from the refrigerator at the temperature of minus 80 ℃, inoculating an LB culture medium, and culturing for 24 hours at the temperature of 37 ℃; picking single colony from LB culture medium, inoculating to liquid LB culture medium, shake culturing at 200rpm and 37 deg.C for 24 hr; transferring to 100L fermentation tank containing seed culture medium, and culturing at 37deg.C for 20 hr to obtain seed culture solution. Transferring 10% of the inoculation amount of the primary seed culture solution to a fermentation tank with 1 ton of fermentation medium, and controlling the temperature to be 35 ℃; controlling dissolved oxygen at 20% -30%, rotating at 100-150 rpm, culturing for 18-20 h, counting viable bacteria at more than 100 hundred million CFU/mL, namely determining termination of fermentation, discharging from the tank, concentrating, adding dextrin, spray drying, and obtaining full water-soluble bacillus licheniformis bacteria powder.
The preparation process of the culture medium is as follows:
LB medium: 5g/L of yeast extract, 10g/L of tryptone and 10g/L of NaCl, and distilled water is used for constant volume to 1.0 liter, and the pH is 7.0-7.2. Adding 15.0g/L agar into the solid culture medium;
Seed culture medium: molasses 10g/L, yeast extract 5g/L, tryptone 10g/L and NaCl 5g/L;
The formula of the fermentation medium is as follows: 10g/L corn starch, 30g/L molasses and peptone 15g/L,KH2PO4 1.0g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,MnSO4·H2O 0.2g/L,CaCO3 1.0gg/L.
Weighing the above materials, constant volume with distilled water, pH7.2, 115 deg.C, and sterilizing for 30 min; the above medium was supplemented with 20g of agar, i.e., a solid medium.
2. Fermentation of Yeast and Aspergillus niger
And (3) respectively carrying out slant culture, seed culture and solid fermentation culture on the yeast and the aspergillus niger strain in sequence. Inoculating the strain into a PYG solid culture medium, and culturing for 24-48 h at 28 ℃; picking single colony, inoculating to liquid PYG culture medium, shake culturing at 200rpm and 28 deg.C for 48 hr; obtaining fungus seed culture solution.
The fermentation temperature of the yeast is controlled at 28 ℃, the yeast is cultured for 24-32 hours, other operation flows are consistent with the fermentation of bacillus licheniformis, the fermentation product is obtained after the fermentation is stopped and the viable count is more than 20 hundred million CFU/mL, and the ceramic membrane is concentrated and then freeze-dried.
Inoculating the aspergillus niger seed liquid into a sterilized and cooled shallow tray filled with a fungus culture medium according to an inoculum size of 10% -20%, inoculating the aspergillus niger seed liquid into a solid matrix in a solid fermentation room, uniformly mixing, regulating the moisture content to be 50% +/-5%, carrying out shallow tray fermentation, and culturing for 3-5 days at the ambient temperature of 28+/-2 ℃ to obtain a fermentation product; when the microbial decomposing inoculant powder is produced, the microbial decomposing inoculant powder is required to be crushed and dried in advance and then is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, so that the full-water-soluble aspergillus niger powder is obtained. Spore count was 100 hundred million CFU/g, and the production was acceptable.
The preparation process of the culture medium is as follows:
PYG medium: 10.0g/L peptone, 5.0g/L yeast extract, 1.0g/L glucose, distilled water with constant volume pH of 6.0-6.5, and sterilizing at 115 ℃ for 30min; adding 20g of agar into the culture medium, namely a solid culture medium;
Yeast liquid fermentation medium: 30.0g/L of molasses, 10.0g/L of bone peptone, 5.0g/L of yeast powder, 1.0g/L of monopotassium phosphate and 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, and the pH value is 6.0-6.5;
Aspergillus niger fermentation medium: 30 parts of soybean meal, 15 parts of corn flour (40 meshes), 10 parts of bran, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of water, sterilization at 121 ℃ and natural pH.
Example 2
Preparation of straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent dosage form
Uniformly mixing 8 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 30 parts of aspergillus niger, 2 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, 50 parts of urea, 10 parts of dextrin and the like to obtain a full water-soluble powder microbial decomposing agent, wherein the water content is controlled to be less than or equal to 30%; the solid granule preparation is prepared by replacing dextrin in the microbial decomposing agent of the fully water-soluble powder with a mixture of sodium carboxymethyl starch (adhesive) and light calcium carbonate (crashing agent) in equal quantity, wherein the ratio of the sodium carboxymethyl starch to the light calcium carbonate is 1:1, adding a small amount of water, uniformly mixing, granulating (4 mm), and drying the mixture until the water content is controlled to be less than or equal to 20%.
Example 3
Application of powdery microorganism decomposing inoculant in-situ returning of rice straw in saline-alkali soil
The full water-soluble powder microbial decomposing inoculant is applied to rice straw in-situ returning planted in the Shandong Kenli saline-alkali soil; the test area is 50 mu; crushing rice straw with stubble of about 50cm to below 5-10 cm; paving a thickness of about 5cm; the consumption of each mu is 1kg, 30 kg of water is added, unmanned aerial vehicle is adopted for spraying, and the straws are uniformly sprayed; turning the straw into soil for 10-15 cm; irrigation flows into the paddy field, and the water level of the paddy field is kept about 5cm so as to submerge the straws. Observations were made every 7 days (table 1).
The application result shows (as shown in figure 1), the microbial decomposition agent can be applied to the rice straw returning of the saline-alkali soil, can accelerate the decay process of the straw, does not have the condition that microorganisms compete with rice for nutrients in the decomposition process, has adverse effect on the normal growth of the rice, and simultaneously solves the phenomena of floating and root hanging of seedlings in the past year.
TABLE 1 straw decomposition during straw microbial inoculant application
Example 4
Application of powdery microbial decomposing inoculant in corn straw returning decomposition
After corn is picked, the straw amount is relatively large; the large-scale tillage and tillage machine is difficult to deeply stir the straws into the soil at one time, and meanwhile, the tillage machine has strong seasonality when harvesting summer seeds, and the straw which is stir-down does not rot to affect the planting of the next crop. And (3) selecting a greenhouse organic corn planting base in Shandong province through a test. Crushing and rubbing about 10cm by a corn straw crusher, and spreading in the field; each 2000 kg of corn straw (containing about 1 mu of straw yield) is uniformly scattered with 1 kg of powdery microorganism decomposing inoculant; the corn stalks are basically rotten in 1 month of test, so that the mechanical operation is greatly facilitated, the corn stalks are turned into soil, and the corn stalks are returned to the field (shown in figure 2).
Example 5
Application of granular microbial decomposition agent in-situ returning of rice straw in low-temperature area
The prepared solid particle microbial decomposing agent (shown in figure 3); the test site is located in Jilin province Shu Lanshi months, the average highest air temperature is about 20 ℃, and the day-night temperature difference is large; selecting 75 mu of rice field, leaving 50cm of straw stubble, carrying out no crushing treatment on the rice straw, uniformly scattering 2kg of microbial decomposing inoculant particles per mu of the rice field, shallow turning to underground for 10-20 cm, and covering with water.
The application result shows that the microbial decomposition agent can be applied to returning rice straws in northeast low-temperature areas to fields; the granular microbial decomposing inoculant can be rapidly disintegrated, and is convenient to use; the high stubble straws can be decomposed without crushing, so that the labor and mechanical cost is saved; the straw microbial decomposition agent can accelerate the decay process of straw, can effectively form black humus, and does not influence the field planting, growth and development of rice.
However, the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that the substitution of equivalent elements or equivalent variations and modifications within the scope of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent is characterized by comprising the following 3 strains: the bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) is more than or equal to 60 hundred million CFU/g, the rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) is more than or equal to 2 hundred million CFU/g, and the aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) is more than or equal to 20 hundred million CFU/g; the strain is preserved in China general microbiological culture collection center (CGMCC), the preservation number of bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) is CGMCC 1.6539, the preservation number of rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) is CGMCC 2.5541, and the preservation number of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) is CGMCC 3.1380.
2. The straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 20-30 parts of aspergillus niger, 1-5 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, 50-60 parts of urea and 10-20 parts of dextrin.
3. The straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of bacillus licheniformis, 20-30 parts of aspergillus niger, 1-5 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, 50-60 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch and 5-10 parts of light calcium carbonate.
4. The method for preparing the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Fermentation of straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent strain
Sequentially performing slant culture, shake flask culture, seed culture and fermentation tank culture on bacillus licheniformis, yeast and aspergillus niger strains;
The viable count of the liquid fermentation of the bacillus licheniformis is more than 100 hundred million CFU/mL, namely, the termination of fermentation is judged, the liquid fermentation is put into a tank, concentrated, and dextrin is added for spray drying, so that the full water-soluble bacillus licheniformis bacterial powder is obtained;
The viable bacteria count of the yeast liquid fermentation is more than 20 hundred million CFU/mL, namely, the termination of fermentation is judged, the fermentation product is obtained after the fermentation product is put into a tank, and the ceramic membrane is concentrated and then frozen and dried;
Pulverizing and drying Aspergillus niger after tray fermentation, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain full water-soluble Aspergillus niger powder; spore count of 100 hundred million CFU/g, regarded as production qualification;
(2) Preparation of straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial agent dosage form
Uniformly mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the aspergillus niger and the rhodotorula mucilaginosa with urea and dextrin to obtain a full water-soluble powder microbial decomposing agent;
or mixing the bacillus licheniformis, the aspergillus niger and the rhodotorula mucilaginosa with urea, sodium carboxymethyl starch and light calcium carbonate, adding water, uniformly mixing, and granulating to obtain a solid granule formulation.
5. The method for preparing straw in-situ decomposition composite microbial agent powder formulation according to claim 4, wherein in the step (1), the production fermentation medium is as follows:
Bacillus fermentation medium: 15-20 g/L of corn starch, 20-30 g/L of molasses and 10～20g/L,KH2PO4 0.5～1.0g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5～1.0g/L,MnSO4·H2O 0.1～0.2g/L,CaCO3 0.5～1.0g/L;pH 7.0～7.2;121℃,30min g/L of bone peptone;
Yeast liquid fermentation medium: 20 to 30.0g/L of molasses, 5 to 10g/L of corn starch, 5 to 10.0g/L of bone peptone, 2.0 to 5.0g/L of yeast powder, 1.0 to 2.0g/L of monopotassium phosphate and 0.1 to 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, and the pH value is 6.0 to 6.5; sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30-40 min;
Aspergillus niger fermentation medium: 25-35 parts of bean pulp, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 10-15 parts of bran, 0.5-1 part of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of water, natural pH, sterilization at 121 ℃ for 30-40 min.
6. The application of the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial inoculant as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 as a decomposition agent, wherein the application amount of the straw in-situ decomposition compound microbial inoculant is 1-2 kg/mu or 1-2 kg/1000kg of straw.
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| CN104403971A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 蒋小春 | Straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106479912A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-03-08 | 江南大学 | The bacillus licheniformis of one plant of cellulase-producing and its application |
| CN107502572A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Application of the bacillus licheniformis in straw degradative, the microbial bacterial agent comprising the bacterium and its application |
| CN113105278A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 昆明根之力生物科技有限公司 | Agricultural microbial enzyme, biological organic fertilizer and preparation method |
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| CN111607526B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2022-07-05 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Straw decomposition agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN104403971A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 蒋小春 | Straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106479912A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-03-08 | 江南大学 | The bacillus licheniformis of one plant of cellulase-producing and its application |
| CN107502572A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Application of the bacillus licheniformis in straw degradative, the microbial bacterial agent comprising the bacterium and its application |
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