CN115108989B - 一种白藜芦醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种白藜芦醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种白藜芦醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用。所述白藜芦醇衍生物为SS‑A6、SS‑A13和SS‑A14。本发明还提供该白藜芦醇衍生物SS‑A6、SS‑A13和SS‑A14的制备方法,以及该白藜芦醇衍生物在制备预防或治疗细菌感染药物和作为沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白抑制剂的应用。本发明提供的白藜芦醇衍生物SS‑A6、SS‑A13和SS‑A14能够有效抑制沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白的分泌,且能显著降低沙门菌对宿主细胞的侵袭,对发现广谱高效低毒的新型抗细菌毒力药物具有重要意义,可以用于制备预防或治疗细菌感染药物。并且白藜芦醇衍生物SS‑A6、SS‑A13和SS‑A14对沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白SipA/B/C/D的分泌具有浓度梯度依赖性,SS‑A6为活性最优的T3SS抑制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种白藜芦醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用,属于药物化学合成与医药应用技术领域。
背景技术
沙门菌病是指由各种类型沙门菌所引起的对人类、家畜以及野生禽兽不同形式疾病的总称。临床上沙门菌感染较难控制,治疗效果非常不理想,严重威胁公共健康和食品安全。目前,抗生素被广泛用于治疗沙门菌感染,但长期使用抗生素不可避免地会导致细菌产生耐药性。由于抗生素耐药性的增强,使细菌感染的治疗和预防变得十分困难,所以迫切需要一种新的抗感染疗法。
抗毒力策略是解决抗生素耐药性问题最有希望的解决方案之一。细菌Ⅲ型分泌系统(T3SS)是一种类似注射器样的复杂的毒力蛋白分泌装置,可以将毒力蛋白转运到真核宿主细胞中以诱导感染,进而促进细菌对宿主细胞的粘附和入侵,在革兰阴性致病菌中存在广泛性和结构保守性特征,在几乎所有的感染阶段都是必需的。因此,T3SS在革兰阴性细菌感染中起着至关重要的作用。病原菌,尤其是革兰阴性致病菌,依赖毒力蛋白感染宿主,从而产生致病作用。抗毒力药物的作用靶标是病原菌的毒力系统,而非杀死或抑制病原菌的生长。因此,开发新的抗耐药菌和新型抗毒力药物,是当前抗致病菌感染药物研究的前沿。
T3SS装置结构和作用机制的复杂性决定了T3SS抑制剂作用靶点的多样性。近年来,利用各种不同的筛选系统,已报导了多种类型的合成或天然来源的T3SS抑制剂(中国抗生素杂志,2018,43(4):387-392);其作用机制也呈现多样化,包括抑制针尖复合体及转位子组装、抑制针状结构组装、抑制分子伴侣活性、抑制基体组装、抑制ATP酶活性、抑制效应蛋白在宿主细胞中发挥作用以及抑制病原菌与宿主细胞粘附等(Environmental Scienceand Pollution Research,2021,28:34154-34166)。
白藜芦醇(resveratrol)是广泛存在于植物体内的一种多酚类抗毒素(phytoalexin)。近年来的研究发现白藜芦醇具有广泛的生物活性,如抗肿瘤、抗心血管疾病、抗氧化、延缓衰老、抗菌、抗病毒,调节肠道菌群等。研究表明,白藜芦醇二聚体对Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato DC3000、白藜芦醇四聚体对Yersiniapseudotuberculosis和Pseudomonas aeruginosa的T3SS毒力蛋白分泌具有抑制作用,但白藜芦醇单体没有活性(Plos one,20138(12):e81969;Pest Manag.Sci.2020;76:2294–2303)。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种白藜芦醇衍生物及其制备方法和应用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种白藜芦醇衍生物,其化学结构式如式(I)、式(II)或式(III)所示:
上述白藜芦醇衍生物的制备方法,包括步骤如下:
(1)将3,5-二甲氧基溴苄和亚磷酸三乙酯混合均匀,在130~150℃反应2~4h,得到中间体1;
(2)将中间体1在0~4℃下溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,再依次加入甲醇钠和2-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲醛,然后在20~30℃下经Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons反应10~15h,得到中间体2;
(3)在惰性气体保护下,将中间体2、联硼酸频那醇酯、PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2和无水醋酸钾分散在无水二甲基亚砜中,在70~90℃下经Miyarua反应4~6h,得到中间体3;
(4)在惰性气体保护下,将中间体3、碳酸铯和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2分散在1,4-二氧六环中,再分别加入4-溴吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯、5-溴-1H-吲哚和6-溴苯并[d]噁唑,在80~100℃下经Suzuki反应4~6h,分别得到中间体a6b、a13和a14;
(5)将中间体a6b溶解于甲醇中,在110~130℃下回流10~15h,得到中间体a6;
(6)在惰性气体保护下,将三氯化铝和二异丙基胺分散于甲苯中,在100~120℃下回流20~40min,再分别加入中间体a6、a13或a14,在100~120℃下经脱甲基反应3~5h,得到如式(I)~(III)所示的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(1)中,所述3,5-二甲氧基溴苄和亚磷酸三乙酯的摩尔比为(1~1.2):3。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(2)中,所述中间体1和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的摩尔体积比为(1~1.5):1,单位为:mmol/mL。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(2)中,所述中间体1和甲醇钠的摩尔比为(1~1.2):2;所述中间体1和2-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的摩尔比为(1~1.2):1。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(3)中,所述中间体2和二甲基亚砜的质量体积比为(1~1.2):5,单位为:g/mL。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(3)中,所述中间体2和联硼酸频那醇酯的摩尔比为(1.5~2.5):3;所述中间体2和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2的摩尔比为(15~25):1;所述中间体2和无水醋酸钾的摩尔比为(1.5~2.5):5。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(3)中,所述无水醋酸钾在投料前于115~125℃下烘干2h。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(4)中,所述中间体3和1,4-二氧六环的质量体积比为(1~1.2):40,单位为:g/mL。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(4)中,所述中间体3和碳酸铯的摩尔比为(1.5~2.5):5;所述中间体3和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2的摩尔比为(15~25):1。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(4)中,所述中间体3和4-溴吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯的质量比为(1.2~1.5):1;所述中间体3和5-溴-1H-吲哚的质量比为(1.5~1.7):1;所述中间体3和6-溴苯并[d]噁唑的质量比为(1.5~1.7):1。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(5)中,所述中间体a6b和甲醇的质量体积比为(1~1.2):20,单位为:g/mL。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(6)中,所述三氯化铝和甲苯的质量体积比(1~2):30,单位为:g/mL;所述三氯化铝和二异丙基胺的质量比为(1.2~1.4):1。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(6)中,所述三氯化铝和a6、a13或a14的摩尔比均为(6~8):1。
根据本发明优选的,步骤(3)、(4)和(6)中,所述惰性气体为氩气。
上述白藜芦醇衍生物在制备预防或治疗细菌感染药物中的应用。
根据本发明优选的,所述细菌为沙门菌;所述药物包括白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14以及药学上可接受的辅料。
上述白藜芦醇衍生物作为沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白抑制剂的应用。
本发明未详尽之处,均可采用现有技术。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1、本发明提供的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14能够有效抑制沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白的分泌,且能显著降低沙门菌对宿主细胞的侵袭,对发现广谱高效低毒的新型抗细菌毒力药物具有重要意义,可以用于制备预防或治疗细菌感染药物。并且白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14对沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白SipA/B/C/D的分泌具有浓度梯度依赖性,SS-A6为活性最优的T3SS抑制剂。
2、本发明提供的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14是以3,5-二甲氧基溴苄和亚磷酸三乙酯为起始原料,依次利用Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons反应,Miyarua反应,Suzuki反应和脱甲基反应等6步反应得到,三个产物最终收率分别为14%,14%和21%。
附图说明
图1为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14的合成路线图。
图2为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14浓度依赖性的抑制沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白SipA/B/C/D的分泌;
图中,A为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6的抑制活性;B为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A13的抑制活性;C为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A14的抑制活性。
图3为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14抑制沙门菌对Caco-2细胞的侵袭。
图4为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14在100μM和50μM浓度下对Caco-2细胞无明显毒性。
图5为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6对菌液不同部分的FliC和SipC蛋白水平的影响。
图中,Total:总蛋白样品;Broth:培养基上清样品;Cytoplasm:胞浆样品;Debris:细菌碎片样品。
图6为白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6对SPI-1调控因子基因、效应蛋白基因以及装置基因表达水平的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法及未说明配方的试剂均为按照本领域常规条件。
实施例中所述PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2的Cas号为95464-05-4。
实施例1
如图1所示,一种白藜芦醇衍生物的制备方法,包括步骤如下::
(1)将3,5-二甲氧基溴苄(6.9g)和亚磷酸三乙酯(15.5ml)混合于圆底烧瓶中,140℃下反应3h,得到中间体1,不经纯化直接用于下一步投料;
(2)将中间体1(30mmol)在冰浴下溶解于20mL的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,先后加入甲醇钠(3.2g)和2-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲醛(6.5g),然后在25℃下经Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons反应12h,得到中间体2(8.1g);
(3)在氩气保护下,将中间体2(6.0g,17mmol)、联硼酸频那醇酯(6.6g)、PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2(0.7g)和无水醋酸钾(5.1g)分散在25mL无水二甲基亚砜中,在80℃下经Miyarua反应5h,得到中间体3(8.4g);
(4)在氩气保护下,将中间体3(0.8g,2mmol)、碳酸铯(1.63g)和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2(0.08g)分散在30mL的1,4-二氧六环中,在分别加入4-溴吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯(0.6g)、5-溴-1H-吲哚(0.5g)和6-溴苯并[d]噁唑(0.5g),在90℃下经Suzuki反应5h,分别得到中间体a6b,a13和a14,产物不经纯化即投入下一步反应;
(5)将中间体a6b(25g)溶解于30mL甲醇中,在120℃下回流12h,即得中间体a6,产物不经纯化即投入下一步反应
(6)在氩气保护下,将三氯化铝(1.6g)和二异丙基胺(1.2g)分散于30mL甲苯中,110℃回流30分钟,随后分别加入a6(0.67g,2mmol)、a13(0.77g,2mmol)和a14(0.77g,2mmol),在110℃下经脱甲基反应4h,并纯化后得目标化合物SS-A6(0.14g)、SS-A13(0.16g)和SS-A14(0.23g)。
本实施中例中第1~2步收率为77%,第3步收率为81%,第4~6步收率为23~34%,SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14总收率分别为14%、14%和21%。
实施例2
实施例1制备的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14的理化和波谱数据具体如下:
SS-A6=(E)-5-(4-hydroxy-2-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)styryl)benzene-1,3-diol)
白色粉末,mp:>250℃.1H NMR(400MHz,acetone-d6)δ12.36(s,1H),8.38(s,3H),7.78(s,2H),7.62(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=16.1Hz,1H),6.94–6.76(m,3H),6.49(d,J=2.2Hz,2H),6.28(t,J=2.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(100MHz,acetone-d6)δ158.8,157.1,140.2,133.7,127.4,127.3,127.2,127.0,120.6,116.0,114.5,104.8,101.8.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/zcalculated for chemical formula:C17H14N2O3[M+Cl]–329.0698.Found:329.0701;
SS-A13=(E)-5-(4-hydroxy-2-(1H-indol-5-yl)styryl)benzene-1,3-diol
灰色粉末,mp:140-142℃.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.19(s,1H),9.59(s,1H),9.11(s,2H),7.65(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),7.40(s,1H),7.03(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=16.3Hz,1H),6.83–6.66(m,3H),6.48(s,1H),6.15(s,2H),6.02(s,1H).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6)δ158.9,157.2,144.2,140.0,135.5,131.8,128.1,127.3,127.2,126.5,126.3,123.5,121.1,117.4,114.9,111.4,104.5,102.1,101.9.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calculated for chemical formula:C22H17NO3[M+Cl]–378.0902.Found:378.0900;
SS-A14=(E)-5-(2-(benzo[d]oxazol-6-yl)-4-hydroxystyryl)benzene-1,3-diol
粉色粉末,mp:132–133℃.1H NMR(400MHz,acetone-d6)δ8.66(s,1H),8.54(s,1H),8.14(s,2H),7.80(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.72(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.45(dd,J=8.4,1.7Hz,1H),6.95(dd,J=8.5,2.5Hz,1H),6.95(d,J=16.8Hz,1H),6.89(d,J=16.4Hz,1H),6.87(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),6.34(d,J=2.2Hz,2H),6.22(t,J=2.2Hz,1H).13C NMR(100MHz,acetone-d6)δ158.7,157.0,154.1,149.3,142.0,140.4,140.0,137.9,127.6,127.4,127.3,127.0,126.6,121.0,117.0,115.3,110.4,104.7,104.6,101.8.HRMS(AP-ESI)m/z calculated for chemical formula:C21H15NO4[M-H]–344.0928.Found:344.0927
以上数据说明本发明成功制备得到了白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14。
实施例3、白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14对沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白SipA/B/C/D的抑制作用
测试原理:T3SS是革兰阴性病原菌非常重要的一种毒力装置,病原菌依赖T3SS分泌毒力蛋白促进其对宿主细胞的黏附和侵袭以及在宿主细胞内的繁殖与扩散。因此,阻断毒力蛋白的分泌可以抑制革兰阴性致病菌对宿主细胞的入侵。本实验以鼠伤寒沙门菌UK-1(χ8956)为研究对象,通过温度诱导法,促使鼠伤寒沙门菌通过T3SS分泌毒力蛋白至培养液中,利用SDS-PAGE和western blot进行检测,评价白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14对毒力蛋白分泌的抑制作用。
测试材料:鼠伤寒沙门菌UK-1(χ8956),在中国专利文献CN108434134A中已经公开;丙烯酰胺-双丙烯酰胺(40%),APS,TEMED,考马斯亮蓝R250,硝酸纤维素PVDF膜均为市售产品;SipC鼠单克隆抗体:tgcBioMICS公司产品;白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14分别溶于DMSO配成0、50、100μM梯度浓度的溶液;阳性对照furasic acid(FA)购自赛默飞Acros Organic;杨梅醇(myricanol,MY)为申请人实验室从植物杨梅树皮提取物中制备得到,在中国专利文献CN109985027A中已经公开。
测试方法:
(1)将S.Typhimuriumχ8956甘油菌在LB固体培养基上划线得到单菌落,随后接种于LB液体培养基中(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖),28℃下220rpm振荡培养12h,作为种子液;
(2)将步骤(1)培养的菌液在新鲜LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中稀释10倍,分装为每个样品1mL体积,分别加入梯度浓度的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14溶液或相同体积DMSO后在37℃下220rpm振荡培养5h,测定菌液的OD600值;
(3)从步骤(2)剩余菌液中取出900μL至EP管中,4℃下15000g离心8min,从EP管中取出800μL上清,转移到新的EP管中,分别加入89μL 100%三氯乙酸溶液(终浓度为10%,10mg/mL),温和混匀后在冰上放置30min沉淀蛋白;
(4)将步骤(3)所得液体在4℃下15000g离心8min,弃上清后倒置,控干液体以去除EP管壁上残留的三氯乙酸,继续加入400μL的-20℃预冷丙酮,振荡混匀,冰上放置10min,沉淀蛋白并洗去杂质,4℃下15000g离心10min,弃上清后倒置,控干液体并挥去EP管中残留的丙酮;
(5)根据步骤(2)测得菌液的OD600值,按照40μL 1×loading buffer/OD600=1的比例加入1×loading buffer,涡旋溶解蛋白沉淀后,在95℃恒温金属浴中加热5min,使蛋白变性;
(6)将步骤(5)的蛋白样品用1.0mm 10%分离胶进行SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳检测(加样8μL/well),随后切去多余的胶,在考马斯蓝染液中振荡染色1h,然后将胶片转移至考马斯染色脱色液中振荡脱色6h,使用凝胶成像系统对脱色完毕的胶片进行照相,结果如图2所示。
由图2结果表明,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14对沙门菌Ⅲ型分泌系统毒力蛋白SipA、B、C和D均具有不同程度的抑制作用,且具有浓度梯度依赖性。进一步通过Western blot检测,根据SipC/FilC的灰度比计算出SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14抑制SipC的分泌的IC50值分别为34.79μM、61.94μM和80.05μM。
实施例4:庆大霉素保护实验和白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14对Caco-2细胞的毒性测试
1、庆大霉素保护实验,具体方法如下:
(1)将沙门菌种子液接种于LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中,28℃下220rpm振荡培养12h;
(2)将步骤(1)培养的菌液在新鲜LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中稀释10倍,分装为每个样品1mL体积,分别加入梯度浓度的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14溶液或相同体积DMSO后,在37℃下220rpm振荡培养5小时,得到菌液;
(3)向提前接种50万个Caco-2细胞并使其贴壁的60mm培养皿中加入分别加入梯度浓度的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14溶液或相同体积DMSO后,按照CFU数与OD600值函数关系计算并加入一定量的步骤(2)得到的菌液使MOI=10,随后将培养皿置于37℃含5%CO2的加湿培养箱中培养30min;
(4)吸走培养皿中液体并用无菌PBS缓冲液润洗细胞三次,随后加入含100μg/mL庆大霉素的新鲜MEM完全培养基,将培养皿置于37℃含5%CO2的加湿培养箱中继续培养30min;
(5)吸走培养皿中液体并用无菌PBS缓冲液润洗细胞三次,随后使用0.1%TritonX-100溶液裂解细胞20min。将细胞裂解液稀释10倍后,每块无抗性LB固体培养基涂布1mL稀释液,一个样品涂布三块作为重复,超净台内吹干后放入37℃培养箱中培养至单菌落出现,随后手动计数,结果如图3所示。
2、细胞毒性测试,采用CCK-8法检测化合物的细胞毒性,具体方法如下:
(1)将Caco-2细胞按照每孔8000个细胞的密度接种于96孔板上,在37℃含5%CO2的加湿培养箱中过夜预培养使其贴壁;
(2)将梯度浓度的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14溶液或相同体积DMSO加入新鲜的MEM完全培养基中得到指定浓度的含药培养基,吸走96孔板原培养基后加入含药培养基,在37℃含5%CO2的加湿培养箱中培养4h;
(3)每孔加入10μL CCK-8后继续在37℃含5%CO2的加湿培养箱中培养1~5h,使用酶标仪检测OD480值;
(4)取鼠伤寒沙门菌25℃过夜培养物,按1:10转接至1mL LB(0.2%L-ara)中,同时加入杨梅醇(myricanol),置于37℃震荡培养。每个样品设三个重复。每隔1h,测定OD600,然后绘制沙门菌生长曲线,结果如图4所示。
由图3和图4可知,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14均表现出良好的抑制鼠伤寒沙门菌侵袭Caco-2细胞的活性,且对Caco-2细胞存活没有明显的抑制作用。
实施例5:白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6抑制SipC蛋白的跨膜分泌
1、SS-A6对沙门菌菌液不同部分的FliC和SipC蛋白水平的影响
(1)将沙门菌种子液接种于LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中,28℃下220rpm振荡培养12h;
(2)将步骤(1)培养的菌液在新鲜LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中稀释10倍,分装为每个样品1mL体积,加入梯度浓度的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6溶液或相同体积DMSO后,在37℃下220rpm振荡培养5h,得到菌液;
(3)步骤(2)得到的菌液取出120μL作为总蛋白样品;将剩余菌液在4℃下14000g离心10min,从上清中取出120μL作为培养基上清样品;
(4)弃去上清,使用880μL PBS重悬菌体沉淀,超声5sec停10sec为一循环,超声破碎总时长2min,随后4℃下14000g离心10min,从上清中取出120μL作为胞浆样品;
(5)弃去上清,使用880μL PBS重悬碎片沉淀,取出120μL作为细菌碎片样品;
(6)向上述四部分样品各加入40μL 4×loading buffer,95℃金属浴加热5min使蛋白质变性,随后使用SDS-PAGE和western blot进行检测,结果如图5所示。
2、实时定量PCR检测SS-A6对鼠伤寒沙门菌T3SS相关基因转录水平的影响
a、菌体准备:
(1)将沙门菌种子液接种于LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中,28℃下220rpm振荡培养12h;
(2)将步骤(1)培养的菌液在新鲜LB液体培养基(含0.2%L-阿拉伯糖)中稀释10倍,分装为每个样品1mL体积,加入梯度浓度的SS-A6溶液或相同体积DMSO后,在37℃下220rpm振荡培养5小时,得到菌液;
(3)将菌液在4℃下14000g离心10min,弃去上清,PBS缓冲液洗涤菌体。
b、RNA提取:
(1)每管样品加入1mL TRIzol试剂吹打重悬菌体,然后加入200μL氯仿,剧烈振摇30s,随后静置5min;
(2)在4℃下14000g离心15min,吸取无色上清至新的无酶EP管中,每管加入400μL异戊醇,柔和颠倒EP管几次,静置10min;
(3在4℃下14000g离心10min,弃去上清,向管中加入900μL DEPC水配制的75%乙醇溶液,轻轻振荡;
(4)在4℃下14000g离心6min,吸走上清后55℃金属浴干燥样品,随后加入30μLDEPC水溶解提取得到的RNA,使用超微量分光光度计测定浓度。
c、逆转录cDNA
采用日本Takara的PrimeScriptTM试剂盒,得到逆转录cDNA。采用日本Takara TBPremix Ex TaqTM试剂盒进行实时定量PCR。
由图5可知,在上清蛋白样品中,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6处理组的SipC蛋白水平低于DMSO阴性对照组。在总蛋白样品中,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6处理组与DMSO处理组基本相同。而在胞浆蛋白样品中,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6处理组的SipC蛋白水平略高于DMSO处理组。在细菌碎片样品中,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6处理组的SipC蛋白水平略低于DMSO处理组,这说明上清中SipC蛋白水平的下降可能是由于影响了SipC蛋白的跨膜分泌过程。
由图6可知,上游转录调控因子基因hilA、hilD、hilC、rtsA,转录因子invF和装置蛋白基因prgH的转录水平发生上调,上游调控因子基因hns、hha、phoQ、phoP和效应蛋白基因sipC的转录水平基本不变,分子伴侣基因sicA的转录水平略有下调。
以上结果白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6可能通过影响SipC蛋白的跨膜分泌过程从而抑制了SipC的分泌。
综上所述,白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14浓度梯度依赖性抑制沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白的分泌,且能够抑制沙门菌对Caco-2细胞的侵袭;活性最优的SS-A6可能通过抑制毒力蛋白的跨膜运输抑制了毒力蛋白SipC的分泌,可以作为一种新型的抗毒力药物。
Claims (10)
1.一种白藜芦醇衍生物,其特征在于,其化学结构式如式(I)、式(II)或式(III)所示:
。
2.权利要求1所述的白藜芦醇衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括步骤如下:
(1)将3,5-二甲氧基溴苄和亚磷酸三乙酯混合均匀,在130~150℃反应2~4 h,得到中间体1;
(2)将中间体1在0~4 ℃下溶解于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,再依次加入甲醇钠和2-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲醛,然后在20~30℃下经Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons反应10~15 h,得到中间体2;
(3)在惰性气体保护下,将中间体2、联硼酸频那醇酯、PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2和无水醋酸钾分散在无水二甲基亚砜中,在70~90 ℃下经Miyarua反应4~6 h,得到中间体3;
(4)在惰性气体保护下,将中间体3、碳酸铯和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2分散在1, 4-二氧六环中,再分别加入4-溴吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯、5-溴-1H-吲哚和6-溴苯并[d]噁唑,在80~100 ℃下经Suzuki反应4~6 h,分别得到中间体a6b、a13 和 a14;
(5)将中间体a6b 溶解于甲醇中,在110~130 ℃下回流10~15 h,得到中间体a6;
(6)在惰性气体保护下,将三氯化铝和二异丙基胺分散于甲苯中,在100~120 ℃下回流20~40 min,再分别加入中间体a6、a13 或 a14,在100~120 ℃下经脱甲基反应3~5 h,得到如式(I)~(III)所示的白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述3,5-二甲氧基溴苄和亚磷酸三乙酯的摩尔比为(1~1.2):3。
4.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述中间体1和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的摩尔体积比为(1~1.5):1,单位为:mmol/mL;
所述中间体1和甲醇钠的摩尔比为(1~1.2):2;所述中间体1和2-溴-4-甲氧基苯甲醛的摩尔比为(1~1.2):1。
5.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述中间体2和二甲基亚砜的质量体积比为(1~1.2):5,单位为:g/mL;
所述中间体2和联硼酸频那醇酯的摩尔比为(1.5~2.5):3;所述中间体2和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2的摩尔比为(15~25):1;所述中间体2和无水醋酸钾的摩尔比为(1.5~2.5):5。
6.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述中间体3和1,4-二氧六环的质量体积比为(1~1.2):40,单位为:g/mL;
所述中间体3和碳酸铯的摩尔比为(1.5~2.5):5;所述中间体3和PdCl2(dppf)CH2Cl2的摩尔比为(15~25):1;
所述中间体3和4-溴吡唑-1-羧酸叔丁酯的质量比为(1.2~1.5):1;所述中间体3和5-溴-1H-吲哚的质量比为(1.5~1.7):1;所述中间体3和6-溴苯并[d]噁唑的质量比为(1.5~1.7):1。
7.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中,所述中间体a6b和甲醇的质量体积比为(1~1.2):20,单位为:g/mL;
步骤(6)中,所述三氯化铝和甲苯的质量体积比(1~2):30,单位为:g/mL;所述三氯化铝和二异丙基胺的质量比为(1.2~1.4):1;所述三氯化铝和a6、a13 或 a14的摩尔比均为(6~8) : 1。
8.权利要求1所述白藜芦醇衍生物在制备预防或治疗细菌感染药物中的应用;所述细菌为沙门菌。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物包括白藜芦醇衍生物SS-A6、SS-A13和SS-A14以及药学上可接受的辅料。
10.权利要求1所述白藜芦醇衍生物作为制备沙门菌T3SS毒力蛋白抑制剂的应用。
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