CN115005032A - Production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne root of winter wheat - Google Patents
Production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne root of winter wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN115005032A CN115005032A CN202210670729.4A CN202210670729A CN115005032A CN 115005032 A CN115005032 A CN 115005032A CN 202210670729 A CN202210670729 A CN 202210670729A CN 115005032 A CN115005032 A CN 115005032A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly discloses a production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne roots of winter wheat. The method specifically comprises the following steps: planting winter wheat; after the winter wheat is harvested, the lilac daphne roots are replanted; wherein the planting time of the winter wheat is from 9 to 10 middle of the month. The production mode of winter wheat multiple cropping lilac daphne roots provided by the application can effectively improve the utilization rate of land, improve the ecological environment of farmland and alleviate the problem of shortage of grain and feed requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne roots of winter wheat.
Background
The vast agricultural areas of Tibet are generally divided into valley agricultural areas and alpine agricultural areas. The valley agricultural area is located in the coastal zone of two rivers in the first river of Tibet, the elevation is 2800 and 4200m, and the area has the advantages of no summer heat, no severe cold in winter, large day and night temperature difference, more sunshine hours, strong solar effective radiation, rich light energy and water resources, the same season of rain and heat and the like. Therefore, the crops have better planting level and capability in agricultural regions of Tibet river valleys, and are important production regions of grains and ventral cardiac regions of Tibet.
As one of the main grain crops in the agricultural region of Tibet river valley, the winter wheat variety has a growth period of generally 9 months, and has the characteristics of strong overwintering property, strong tillering force and good mature yellowing. However, after the winter wheat is harvested, the land has an idle period, so that the utilization rate of the land is reduced, and the construction and the protection of the ecological environment of the farmland are not facilitated.
In addition, the traditional livestock breeding relying on natural grassland and depending on the daily livestock in Tibet is changed to the intensive direction of barn feeding and semi-barn feeding, the demand of forage grass planting is also promoted year by year, so that the willingness of farmers and herders to plant forage grass is obviously improved, and the problem of shortage of the land for grain feeding and the demand of grain feeding is gradually serious.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the utilization rate of land, improve the ecological environment of farmland and relieve the problem of the shortage of the food and feed requirements, the application provides a production mode for replanting the winter wheat with the common turnip.
The application provides a production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne roots of winter wheat specifically comprises the following steps: planting winter wheat; after the winter wheat is harvested, the lilac daphne roots are replanted; the planting time of the winter wheat is from 9 late to 10 middle of the month.
According to the technical scheme, winter wheat is planted from late 9 to middle 10 months; after the winter wheat is harvested, the lilac daphne roots are replanted, and the production mode of the lilac daphne roots replanted by the winter wheat can effectively improve the utilization rate of land and the ecological environment of a farmland. Meanwhile, the production mode provided by the application can effectively improve the yield of winter wheat, the quality of winter wheat and the yield of yuankanin, and shows that the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved by utilizing the production mode provided by the application, so that the problem of shortage of food and feed requirements is effectively alleviated.
According to experimental analysis, in the production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin, when the planting time of winter wheat is controlled within the range, the yield and the quality of crops can be further improved. Therefore, the planting time of winter wheat is controlled within the range, and the problem of shortage of food and feed requirements can be effectively relieved.
Preferably, the specific steps of planting winter wheat include: screening and processing improved seeds, preparing land and applying slow release fertilizer, processing soil, sowing and managing fields.
Further, the winter wheat variety screened by the improved variety is selected from winter wheat No. 26 in Tibetan winter or winter wheat No. 7 in Shandong.
Further, in the fine variety screening and processing, the mode of processing winter wheat seeds is solarization for 2-3 days.
During the storage process of winter wheat seeds, germs are easily generated on the surfaces of the seeds, and are not beneficial to the growth of winter wheat. In addition, the seeds are easily affected with moisture, so that air holes on the seed coats are blocked, the air suction and water absorption performance of the seeds is hindered, the germination of the seeds is influenced, and the yield of winter wheat is reduced. Through solarization on winter wheat seeds, germs attached to the surfaces of the seeds can be killed by utilizing ultraviolet rays in sunlight, and wheat diseases are relieved; meanwhile, after the seeds are exposed to the sun, the seeds are dehydrated and shrunk, the permeability of the seed coats is enhanced, and the germination vigor and the germination rate of the seeds are improved. The application selects to insolate the winter wheat seed for 2-3d, can effectively improve the output and the quality of winter wheat.
Preferably, the fertilizer is applied only once during the planting of winter wheat.
Preferably, the slow release fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer and a synergist; the base fertilizer comprises a decomposed organic fertilizer, a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer; the synergist comprises sucrose monostearate, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and polyaspartic acid.
According to the slow-release fertilizer, the decomposed organic fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer and the phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, the sucrose monostearate, the ammonia-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and the polyaspartic acid are used as synergists, then the base fertilizers and the synergists are fully and uniformly mixed to prepare the slow-release fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements in the fertilizer can be enriched to supply plants, and volatilization and invalidation of the fertilizer are reduced. The slow release fertilizer provided by the application is used in a production mode of multi-cropping the yuankanin of winter wheat, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the additional fertilization process is reduced; meanwhile, the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved, so that the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements is effectively relieved.
According to experimental analysis, compared with a production mode that a common base fertilizer is used for winter wheat multiple planting yuankanin, the slow release fertilizer prepared by mixing the synergist and the base fertilizer is selected to be used in the production mode of winter wheat multiple planting yuankanin, so that the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved, and the slow release fertilizer provided by the application can effectively relieve the problem of grain and feed demand shortage. Therefore, the slow release fertilizer prepared by mixing the synergist and the base fertilizer is used in a production mode of winter wheat complex-planting yuenkanin.
In addition, through experimental analysis, compared with the mode that common base fertilizer is used during winter wheat planting and then additional fertilization is carried out, the slow release fertilizer is used only once during winter wheat planting, and the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved. In addition, compared with the mode that the slow release fertilizer is used during winter wheat planting and then additional fertilization is carried out, the slow release fertilizer is only used once during winter wheat planting, and the yield and the quality of crops are similar to each other. Therefore, the slow-release fertilizer is selected to be used only once when winter wheat is planted, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the additional fertilization process is reduced.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist is 1000: (0.3-0.7).
Further, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist is 1000: (0.4-0.6).
In a particular embodiment, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist may be: 1000: 0.3, 1000: 0.4, 1000: 0.5, 1000: 0.6, 1000: 0.7.
in some specific embodiments, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist may also be: 1000: (0.3-0.4), 1000: (0.3-0.5), 1000: (0.3-0.6), 1000: (0.4-0.5), 1000: (0.4-0.7), 1000: (0.5-0.6), 1000: (0.5-0.7), 1000: (0.6-0.7).
According to experimental analysis, in the production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots, when the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist in the slow-release fertilizer is controlled to be within the range, the yield and the quality of crops can be further improved, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved. Therefore, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist in the slow release fertilizer is controlled within the range.
Preferably, the synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-1.0 part of sucrose monostearate; 2.5-7.5 parts of ammonia-terminated polydimethylsiloxane; 15-25 parts of polyaspartic acid.
Further, the synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-0.8 part of sucrose monostearate; 4-6.5 parts of amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane; 18-23 parts of polyaspartic acid.
In a specific embodiment, the sucrose monostearate may be added in the following parts by weight of the components: 0.2 part, 0.4 part, 0.6 part, 0.8 part and 1.0 part.
In some specific embodiments, the sucrose monostearate can be added in the following weight parts of components: 0.2-0.4 part, 0.2-0.6 part, 0.2-0.8 part, 0.4-0.6 part, 0.4-1.0 part, 0.6-0.8 part, 0.6-1.0 part and 0.8-1.0 part.
In a specific embodiment, the addition amount of the amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane can be the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6.5 parts and 7.5 parts.
In some specific embodiments, the addition amount of the amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane can also be the following components in parts by weight: 2.5-4 parts, 2.5-5 parts, 2.5-6.5 parts, 4-5 parts, 4-7.5 parts, 5-6.5 parts, 5-7.5 parts and 6.5-7.5 parts.
In a specific embodiment, the polyaspartic acid may be added in the following amounts by weight: 15 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 23 parts and 25 parts.
In some specific embodiments, the polyaspartic acid may be added in the following weight parts of components: 15-18 parts, 15-20 parts, 15-23 parts, 18-20 parts, 18-25 parts, 20-23 parts, 20-25 parts and 23-25 parts.
According to experimental analysis, in the production mode of winter wheat multiple cropping lilac daphne roots, when the addition amount of each component in the synergist is controlled within the range, the yield and the quality of crops can be further improved, so that the problem of shortage of food and feed requirements is further relieved. Therefore, the present application controls the addition amount of each component in the synergist to be within the above range.
Preferably, the time for replanting the lilac daphne roots is 1-3 weeks after the winter wheat is harvested.
According to experimental analysis, in the production mode of winter wheat for replanting the yuankanin, when the time of replanting the yuankanin is 1-3 weeks after the winter wheat is harvested, the yield of the yuankanin can be further improved. Therefore, the timing of the multiple planting of the common turnip is controlled within the range, the yield of the forage grass can be effectively improved, and the problem of the shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved.
Preferably, the specific steps of complex planting of yuankanin include: screening and processing improved seeds, preparing soil, applying base fertilizer, sowing and managing in fields.
Further, the yuenkanin variety screened by the improved variety is yuenkanin.
Further, the sowing amount of the lilac daphne roots is 1.0-2.0 Kg/mu.
In the agricultural region of Tibet valley, the Daphne genkwa root has the advantages of fast growth, short growth period, high yield, wide application range to climate and soil, etc. According to the method, the short kojic water lilac daphne roots are timely re-planted in the summer idle period after winter wheat is harvested, the production mode of 'two harvests per year' in the agricultural region of Tibet valley and re-planting forage grass after winter wheat can be met, so that the utilization rate of land is effectively improved, and the ecological environment of farmland is improved. Meanwhile, the lilac daphne root provided by the application has very important enhancement effects on promoting the nutrition balance of livestock feed, the growth and development of livestock and the yield of female livestock milk, thereby further relieving the problem of the shortage of the food and feed requirements.
To sum up, the technical scheme of the application has the following specific effects:
according to the method, winter wheat is planted from late 9 to middle 10 months; and then after the winter wheat is harvested, the lilac daphne roots are re-planted, and the production mode of re-planting the lilac daphne roots by the winter wheat can effectively improve the utilization rate of the land and improve the ecological environment of the farmland.
The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots provided by the application can effectively improve the yield and quality of crops, so that the problem of shortage of food and feed requirements is effectively alleviated.
According to the slow-release fertilizer, a decomposed organic fertilizer, a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, sucrose monostearate, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and polyaspartic acid are used as synergists, and then the base fertilizers and the synergists are fully and uniformly mixed to prepare the slow-release fertilizer. The slow release fertilizer is used in a production mode of multi-cropping the lilac daphne roots of winter wheat, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the fertilizing process is saved; meanwhile, the yield and the quality of crops can be improved, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved.
According to the application, the time for replanting the yuankanin is controlled within the range of 1-3 weeks after the winter wheat is harvested, so that the yield of the yuankanin can be further improved, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved.
Detailed Description
The application provides a production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne roots of winter wheat.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: planting winter wheat from late 9 to middle 10; and (4) re-planting the common turnip 1-3 weeks after harvesting the winter wheat.
The method comprises the following steps of planting winter wheat:
(1) screening and processing improved varieties: selecting a relatively early-maturing and high-yield winter wheat variety, and solarizing for 2-3 d; selecting, and selecting broken grains, small grains, diseased grains, grass seeds, silt or other impurities. Wherein the winter wheat variety is selected from Tibetan winter No. 26 winter wheat or Shandong No. 7 winter wheat.
(2) Land preparation and slow release fertilizer application: after the previous crop is harvested, deeply ploughing the land, preparing the land and harrowing, and applying 800-1200Kg slow release fertilizer per mu;
wherein the slow release fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer and a synergist; the base fertilizer comprises decomposed organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer; the synergist comprises sucrose monostearate, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and polyaspartic acid;
specifically, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist is 1000: (0.3-0.7);
further, the synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-1.0 part of sucrose monostearate; 2.5-7.5 parts of ammonia-terminated polydimethylsiloxane; 15-25 parts of polyaspartic acid.
(3) Soil treatment:
1) treating underground pest agents: 1.0-2.5Kg of ground insect killing star is used per mu, 20-30Kg of fine sandy soil is mixed and mixed with 2-4Kg of water, and the mixture is scattered on the ground surface and ploughed after being uniformly mixed;
2) treatment of wild oat grass medicament: 0.25 to 0.3Kg of wild oat grass medicament, 2.5 to 4Kg of water and 20 to 30Kg of fine sandy soil are used per mu of land, and the mixture is uniformly scattered on the ground surface or sprayed by a sprayer and then raked uniformly.
(4) Sowing: the seeding quantity per mu is 13-15Kg, the seeding mode is mechanical drill seeding, the row spacing is about 15cm, the seeding depth is about 4-5cm, the soil is covered by 2-3cm, and the soil is pressed for 1 time after seeding.
(5) Field management:
1) irrigating in the wintering period: cultivating strong seedlings in winter and irrigating enough overwintering water; the irrigation date is suitable for irrigation when the soil is frozen at night or the soil is thawed at noon, so that the irrigation is slowly performed by small water and is fully performed; grinding or filling soil to fill out cracks in time when the cracked land mass appears, and cutting off a channel for water loss in the soil;
2) and (3) irrigating in a green turning period: pouring green-turning water in time when the tip of the spring-grown leaf is exposed; the sequence of the green water pouring is that a strong seedling plot is firstly formed, then a weak seedling plot is formed, finally a strong seedling plot is formed, a sunny slope is firstly formed, then a cloudy slope is formed, and sandy soil is firstly formed, and then clayey soil is formed; during green returning, attention is paid to prevent wheat aphids and red spider, and the land is prevented by adding 50Kg of water into 250mL of bromocyan polyester 150-;
3) irrigating in the jointing stage: when the winter wheat is in a stage of jointing and heading, watering is carried out when the first internode of a stem is elongated, and a measure of controlling water is adopted at the later stage of jointing and the elongation and the reduction of the plant height of the internode is controlled, so that ineffective tillering is controlled by water;
4) irrigating in a grouting period: after the winter wheat is stripped and aligned, filling the winter wheat with water for aligning and grouting, and timely removing field accumulated water;
5) irrigating in the mallow period: and (5) filling the wheat yellow water in time when the kernels are waxed.
(6) Harvesting and storing: the harvest period is properly advanced to the later stage of the wax ripening, and the seeds are separately beaten and threshed, and are harvested, threshed and aired in time; and (4) independently storing after drying in the sun, keeping the warehouse dry, and paying attention to pest control of the warehouse.
The method comprises the following specific steps of planting common turnip:
(1) screening and processing improved varieties: selecting Daihuiyuankanin with high yield and good properties.
(2) Land preparation and base fertilizer application: after winter wheat is harvested, deep ploughing the land, performing land preparation and raking, and applying base fertilizer to each mu, wherein the base fertilizer is required to be 1800 plus one-kilogram and 2200Kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 8-12Kg of urea and 13-17Kg of phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to each mu, so that excessive nitrogen fertilizer is not applied during growth, and root cracking is easily caused.
(3) Sowing: the field is sowed with fine soil 1-2cm, and the soil is preserved for moisture and heat preservation, with the seed amount of 1.0-2.0 Kg/mu.
(4) And (3) field management:
1) before sowing, watering enough bottom water, and thinning 1-2 times after seedling emergence;
2) the pyrethrin, insecticide for killing enemy and killing fast are used to prevent and control pests.
(5) Harvesting: and harvesting the common turnip 50-70 days after sowing.
The present application is described in further detail below in connection with preparation examples 1-32, examples 1-40, comparative examples 1-2, and performance testing tests, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Preparation example
Preparation examples 1 to 7
Preparation examples 1 to 7 respectively provide a slow release fertilizer.
The difference of the preparation examples is that: the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist in the slow release fertilizer is different. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 1.
The preparation method of the slow release fertilizer in each preparation example comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 980Kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 14Kg of urea and 6Kg of phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain 1000Kg of base fertilizer;
(2) weighing 0.6Kg of sucrose monostearate, 5Kg of amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and 20Kg of polyaspartic acid, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the synergist;
(3) according to the table 1, the synergist with the corresponding addition amount is fully and uniformly mixed with 1000Kg of base fertilizer to prepare the slow release fertilizer.
TABLE 1 weight ratio of base fertilizer to synergist in preparation examples 1-7
Preparation examples 8 to 13
Preparation examples 8 to 13 each provide a slow release fertilizer.
The above-mentioned preparation examples differ from preparation example 4 in that: the addition amount of sucrose monostearate in the synergist. Specifically, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 addition amount of sucrose monostearate in preparation examples 4, 8-13
Preparation examples 14 to 19
Preparation examples 14 to 19 each provide a slow release fertilizer.
The above-mentioned preparation examples differ from preparation example 4 in that: the addition amount of the amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane in the synergist. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 amount of aminoterminal polydimethylsiloxane added in preparation examples 4 and 14 to 19
Preparation examples 20 to 25
Preparation examples 20 to 25 provide a slow release fertilizer, respectively.
The above-mentioned preparation examples differ from preparation example 4 in that: the addition amount of polyaspartic acid in the synergist. The details are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 amount of polyaspartic acid added in preparation examples 4, 20 to 25
Preparation examples 26 to 31
Preparation examples 26 to 31 each provide a fertilizer.
The above-mentioned preparation examples differ from preparation example 4 in that: the types of the components in the synergist are different. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 kinds of respective components in synergists in preparation examples 4, 26 to 31
Preparation example 32
Preparation example 32 provides a base fertilizer.
The preparation method of the base fertilizer provided by the preparation example comprises the following steps: weighing 980Kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 14Kg of urea and 6Kg of phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the base fertilizer.
Examples
Examples 1 to 31
Examples 1-31 provide a mode of production of winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin, respectively.
The above embodiments differ in that: the slow release fertilizer used in winter wheat seeding is different in type. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 6.
The implementation method of each embodiment specifically comprises the following steps: planting winter wheat in 10 months and 5 days in 2020; harvesting winter wheat at 7 months and 5 days 2021; planting yuenkanin in 2021, 7 months and 19 days; yuenkanin was harvested at 2021, 9/19.
The method comprises the following steps of planting winter wheat:
(1) screening and processing improved varieties: selecting relatively early-maturing and high-yield Tibet winter No. 26 winter wheat, and solarizing for 2d before sowing; selecting, and selecting broken grains, small grains, diseased grains, grass seeds, silt or other impurities.
(2) Soil preparation and slow release fertilizer application: after the previous crop is harvested, deep ploughing is carried out on the land, land preparation and raking are carried out, and 1000Kg of slow release fertilizer is applied per mu.
(3) Soil treatment:
1) treating underground pest agents: 1.5Kg of ground worm killing star is used per mu, 25Kg of fine sand soil is mixed with the ground worm killing star, 3Kg of water is added, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, scattered on the ground surface and ploughed;
2) treatment of wild oat grass medicament: 0.25Kg of wild oat grass medicament is used per mu, 3Kg of water is added, 25Kg of fine sandy soil is mixed, and after the mixture is sprayed by a sprayer, the mixture is raked evenly by rakes;
(4) sowing: the seeding quantity per mu is 14 Kg; the sowing mode is mechanical drill sowing, the row spacing is 15cm, the sowing depth is 4cm, the soil is covered for 2cm, and the soil is pressed for 1 time after sowing.
(5) And (3) field management:
1) irrigating in the wintering period: cultivating strong seedlings in winter and irrigating enough overwintering water; when the soil is defrosted at noon, the water is slowly irrigated by small water and is fully irrigated; grinding or filling soil to fill out cracks in time when the cracked land mass appears, and cutting off a channel for water loss in the soil;
2) and (3) irrigating in a green turning period: pouring green-turning water in time when the tip of the spring-grown leaf is exposed; the sequence of the green water pouring is that a strong seedling plot is firstly formed, then a weak seedling plot is formed, finally a strong seedling plot is formed, a sunny slope is firstly formed, then a cloudy slope is formed, and sandy soil is firstly formed, and then clayey soil is formed; during green turning, attention is paid to prevention and control of wheat aphids and wheat red spiders, and 200mL of bromocyan polyester is added with 50Kg of water for prevention and control per mu;
3) irrigating in the jointing stage: when the winter wheat is in a stage of jointing and heading, watering is carried out when the first internode of a stem is elongated, and a measure of controlling water is adopted at the later stage of jointing and the elongation and the reduction of the plant height of the internode is controlled, so that ineffective tillering is controlled by water;
4) irrigating in a grouting period: after the winter wheat is spilt and aligned, filling water for aligning the spica and grouting, and timely removing field accumulated water;
5) irrigating in the mallow period: and (5) filling the wheat yellow water in time when the kernels are waxed.
(6) Harvesting and storing: the harvest period is properly advanced to the later stage of the wax ripening, and the seeds are separately beaten and threshed, and are harvested, threshed and aired in time; and (4) independently storing after drying in the sun, keeping the warehouse dry, and paying attention to pest control of the warehouse.
The method comprises the following specific steps of planting common turnip:
(1) screening and processing improved varieties: selecting Daihuiyuankanin with high yield and good properties.
(2) Land preparation and fertilization: after winter wheat is harvested, deep ploughing is carried out on the land, land preparation and raking are carried out, base fertilizer is applied per mu, 2000Kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 10Kg of urea and 15Kg of phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are applied per mu, nitrogen fertilizer is not applied too much during growth, otherwise root cracking is easily caused.
(3) Sowing: the sowing quantity per mu is 1.5 Kg/mu, fine soil is covered for 2cm after sowing, and the soil moisture is preserved and the temperature is preserved.
(4) Field management:
1) before sowing, enough bottom water is poured, and seedlings are thinned for 2 times after emergence.
2) 2Kg of pyrethrin with the concentration of 5 percent is applied to each mu of the pesticide for preventing and controlling pests.
(5) Harvesting: and harvesting the Daphne genkwa roots 60 days after sowing.
TABLE 6 types of slow release fertilizers in examples 1-31
Example 32
Example 32 provides a production model for winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots.
This example differs from example 4 in that: the type of fertilizer used in winter wheat planting was the base fertilizer provided in preparation example 32. The remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
Example 33
Example 33 provides a production model for winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots.
This example differs from example 32 in that: and (4) adding a topdressing process, namely, combining soil loosening and topdressing with 8Kg of urea per mu during the irrigation in the green returning period in the step (5) of planting the winter wheat.
Example 34
Example 34 provides a mode of production of winter wheat re-planting yuankanin.
This example differs from example 4 in that: and (4) adding a topdressing process, namely, combining soil loosening and topdressing with 8Kg of urea per mu during the irrigation in the green returning period in the step (5) of planting the winter wheat.
Example 35
Example 35 provides a production model for winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root.
This example differs from example 4 in that: planting winter wheat in 21 days 9-2020; harvest at 21 days 6 months 2021; planting yuenkanin in 2021, 7 months and 5 days; harvested at 2021, 9/5. The remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
Example 36
Example 36 provides a production mode of winter wheat re-planting yuankanin.
This example differs from example 4 in that: planting winter wheat in 19 months 10 in 2020; harvesting winter wheat at 19 months 7 in 2021; planting yuenkanin in 2021, 8 months and 3 days; yuenkanin was harvested at 2021, 10 months and 3 days. The remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
Examples 37 to 40
Examples 37-40 provide a mode of production of winter wheat multi-species yuenkanin, respectively.
The above embodiments differ from embodiment 4 in that: the timing of the multiple planting of the common turnip is different. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 7. The remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
TABLE 7 timing of Genkwa reseeding in examples 4, 37-40
| Examples | Time for multiple planting of common turnip | Timing of multiple planting of common turnip |
| 4 | 7/15/2021 | Winter wheat 2 weeks after harvest |
| 37 | 7/month/2/2021 | 1 day after harvesting winter wheat |
| 38 | 7/8/2021 | 1 week after harvesting winter wheat |
| 39 | 22/7/2021 | 3 weeks after harvesting winter wheat |
| 40 | 7/29/2021 | 4 weeks after winter wheat harvest |
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots.
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that: winter wheat was planted in 9/5 of 2020. The remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots.
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that: winter wheat was planted in 5 days 11/2020. The remaining steps were the same as in example 4.
Performance test
The winter wheat and the yuankanin harvested in the winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin production mode provided in the examples 1-40 and the comparative examples 1-2 are taken as detection objects, and the yield of the winter wheat, the quality of the winter wheat and the yield of the yuankanin are detected.
The results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 yield of winter wheat, quality of winter wheat and yield of Genkwa roots
With reference to table 10, it can be seen from the results of comparing examples 1-40 with comparative examples 1-2 that the winter wheat was planted in the period from late 9 to middle 10 months; and then after the winter wheat is harvested, the lilac daphne roots are re-planted, and the production mode of re-planting the lilac daphne roots by the winter wheat can effectively improve the utilization rate of the land and improve the ecological environment of the farmland. Meanwhile, the production mode for replanting the winter wheat into the yuenkanin provided by the application can effectively improve the yield of the winter wheat, the quality of the winter wheat and the yield of the yuenkanin, and shows that the production mode for replanting the yuenkanin with the winter wheat provided by the application can improve the yield and the quality of crops, so that the problem of shortage of the grain and feed requirements is effectively alleviated.
By comparing the test results of examples 4, 35-36 and comparative examples 1-2, it can be seen that in the production mode of multi-cropping Yuan Genkwa winter wheat, when the planting time of the winter wheat is from late 9 to middle 10 months, the yield and quality of crops can be effectively improved. Therefore, the winter wheat planting time is controlled within the range, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements can be effectively relieved.
With reference to table 10, it can be seen from the detection results of comparative examples 1 to 34 that in the present application, a decomposed organic fertilizer, a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, sucrose monostearate, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and polyaspartic acid are used as synergists, then the base fertilizers and the synergists are fully and uniformly mixed to prepare slow release fertilizers, and the prepared slow release fertilizers are used in a production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizers can be improved, the usage amount of the fertilizers can be reduced, the additional fertilization process can be reduced, and the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved.
By comparing the detection results of the example 4 and the example 32, compared with the mode that the common base fertilizer is used for the production of the winter wheat multiple-cropping daphne genkwa, the slow release fertilizer prepared by mixing the synergist and the base fertilizer is used for the production of the winter wheat multiple-cropping daphne genkwa, so that the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved, and the slow release fertilizer provided by the application can effectively relieve the problem of the shortage of the food and feed requirements. Therefore, the slow release fertilizer prepared by mixing the synergist and the base fertilizer is used in a production mode of winter wheat complex-planting yuenkanin.
By comparing the detection results of the example 4 and the examples 33 to 34, compared with the method that the common base fertilizer is used during the planting of the winter wheat and then the top dressing work is carried out, the slow release fertilizer is selected to be used only once during the planting of the winter wheat, so that the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved. In addition, compared with the mode that the slow release fertilizer is used during winter wheat planting and then additional fertilization is carried out, the slow release fertilizer is only used once during winter wheat planting, and the yield and the quality of crops are similar to each other. Therefore, the slow-release fertilizer is selected to be used only once when winter wheat is planted, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be effectively improved, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the additional fertilization process is reduced.
Compared with the detection results of the comparative example 4 and the comparative examples 26 to 31, the detection results of the method have the advantages that compared with the method that one or two of sucrose monostearate, ammonia-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and polyaspartic acid are used as the components of the synergist in the slow-release fertilizer, the method selects the components simultaneously using the sucrose monostearate, the ammonia-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and the polyaspartic acid as the components of the synergist in the slow-release fertilizer, and the components are used in the production mode of the winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root, so that the yield and the quality of crops can be effectively improved, and the problem of the shortage of the demand of the grain and feed is further relieved. Therefore, the sucrose monostearate, the amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and the polyaspartic acid are simultaneously used as components of the synergist in the slow release fertilizer.
According to the detection results of the comparative examples 1 to 7, in the production mode of the winter wheat multiple-cropping coriander root, when the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist in the slow-release fertilizer is controlled to be 1000: (0.3-0.7), the yield and quality of crops can be further improved, and the problem of shortage of food and feed requirements can be further relieved. Therefore, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist in the slow-release fertilizer is controlled within the range. Further, the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist in the slow release fertilizer is controlled to be 1000: (0.4-0.6).
The test results of comparative examples 4 and 8-13 show that in the production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin, when the addition amount of the sucrose monostearate in the synergist is controlled to be 0.2-1.0 part, the yield and quality of crops can be further improved, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved. Therefore, the present application controls the amount of sucrose monostearate added to the potentiator to be within the above range. Furthermore, the addition amount of the sucrose monostearate in the synergist is controlled to be 0.4-0.8 part.
The test results of comparative examples 4 and 14 to 19 show that in the production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping Brassica rapa, when the addition amount of the amino-terminal polydimethylsiloxane in the synergist is controlled to be 2.5 to 7.5 parts, the yield and the quality of crops can be further improved, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements can be further relieved. Therefore, the present application controls the amount of the aminoterminal polydimethylsiloxane added to the synergist to fall within the above range. Furthermore, the adding amount of the amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane in the synergist is controlled to be 4-6.5 parts.
The test results of comparative examples 4 and 20-25 show that in the production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin, when the addition amount of the polyaspartic acid in the synergist is controlled to be 15-25 parts, the yield and the quality of crops can be further improved, and the problem of shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved. Therefore, the present application controls the amount of polyaspartic acid added to the synergist to be within the above range. Furthermore, the adding amount of the polyaspartic acid in the synergist is controlled to be 18-23 parts.
As is clear from the results of the comparative examples 4 and 37 to 40, in the production mode of the winter wheat for the yuankanin replanting, when the yuankanin is replanted at the time of 1 to 3 weeks after the harvest of the winter wheat, the yield of the yuankanin can be further improved. Therefore, the timing of the multiple planting of the common turnip is controlled within the range, the yield of the forage grass can be effectively improved, and the problem of the shortage of the food and feed requirements is further relieved.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A production mode for multi-cropping lilac daphne roots of winter wheat is characterized by comprising the following steps: planting winter wheat; after the winter wheat is harvested, the lilac daphne roots are replanted; the planting time of the winter wheat is from 9 late to 10 middle of the month.
2. The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps of planting winter wheat comprise: screening and processing improved seeds, preparing soil and applying slow release fertilizer, processing soil, sowing and managing fields.
3. The production pattern of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fine variety screening and processing, winter wheat seeds are processed by solarization for 2-3 days.
4. The production pattern of winter wheat multiple lilac daphne root according to claim 2, wherein fertilizer is applied only once during the planting process.
5. The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne roots as claimed in claim 2, wherein the slow-release fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer and a synergist; the base fertilizer comprises a decomposed organic fertilizer, a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer; the synergist comprises sucrose monostearate, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane and polyaspartic acid.
6. The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root as claimed in claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of the base fertilizer to the synergist is 1000: (0.3-0.7).
7. The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root as claimed in claim 5, wherein the synergist comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-1.0 part of sucrose monostearate; 2.5-7.5 parts of ammonia-terminated polydimethylsiloxane; 15-25 parts of polyaspartic acid.
8. The production pattern of winter wheat multiple-cropping yuankanin according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiple-cropping time of yuankanin is 1-3 weeks after harvesting of the winter wheat.
9. The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps of multiple-cropping lilac daphne root comprise: screening and processing improved seeds, preparing land and applying base fertilizer, sowing and managing in the field.
10. The production mode of winter wheat multiple-cropping lilac daphne root as claimed in claim 9, wherein the sowing amount of lilac daphne root is 1.0-2.0 Kg/mu.
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