CN109169067A - A kind of implantation methods made between corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods made between corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN109169067A CN109169067A CN201811158049.4A CN201811158049A CN109169067A CN 109169067 A CN109169067 A CN 109169067A CN 201811158049 A CN201811158049 A CN 201811158049A CN 109169067 A CN109169067 A CN 109169067A
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- Prior art keywords
- corn
- sesbania
- salt
- soda soil
- wheel
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
- A01C5/064—Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
Abstract
The method that corn yield is improved in salt-soda soil is improved by plants symbiotic relationship the invention discloses a kind of, belongs to agricultural planting technical field of cultivation, and this method first increases soil conditioner to alkaline land soil and mixed thoroughly and arrangement fine crushing；Then sesbania is sowed, and in the wide ridge back interplanting corn in salt-soda soil；Corn and sesbania symbiosis are established, sesbania can play the role of stable soil moisture, provide good environment for corn planting；After maize planting, sesbania is carried out cutting blueness and be turned over, and is applied by nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer more, demand of the corn to nitrogenous fertilizer is effectively ensured, by Cultivate administration, is finally reached the obvious volume increase of corn using repeatedly a small amount of fertilising for corn.The present invention can make corn yield increasing by improveing salt-soda soil, increase agriculture value, additionally it is possible to achieve the purpose that gradually to improve salt-soda soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, the plantation made between especially a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil
Method.
Background technique
Salt-soda soil refers to that salinity contained by soil the inside influences the normal growth of crop.China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil
It is formed, it is most of related with the accumulation of Carbonates In Soil, thus basicity is generally higher, serious salt affected soil regional plant
It can hardly survive.
The basic reason that saline-alkali soil is formed is that water regime is bad, so emphasis should be placed on improvement soil at improvement initial stage
Above the water regime of earth.It is generally carried out in several steps, first salt discharge, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, reduction soil salt content；Saline-alkali tolerant is planted again
Plant, fertilizing soil；Last long-term cropping.Specific ameliorative measure is: the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is irrigated in draining, warps improvement, rice cultivation,
Fertilizing improvement, levels land and chemical modifying.
Sesbania is pulse family Daubentonia annual herb plant, and cauline leaf is in great numbers, and biomass is big, and it is excellent that protein content is high
Green manure and forage crops.Sesbania is adaptable, and the ability of salt tolerant, waterlogging, resistance to lean, drought-enduring, resistance disease pest and wind is strong.In soil
On the solonchak of salt content 0.3% or the alkali of pH value 9.5 can be grown on the ground.The happiness of sesbania property is warm, seedling stage 50 days or so, grows fast
Speed, green forage yield are high.Sesbania and the existing many cultivations of corn, since plant is tall and big, yield is high, needs during the growth process
A large amount of nutrient is absorbed, corn single easily causes the exhaustion to soil nutrient.And since corn is thin planting crop, nonoculture pair
The utilization rate of the natural resources such as luminous energy, soil is relatively low, and sufficient in luminous energy and the opposite shortage of land resource area has money
The reality of source waste.
The method in improvement salt-soda soil is more at present, but exists and improve the defects of at high cost, the period is long, slow effect.
Summary of the invention
This application provides the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil, form symbiosis using the two
The mutual supplement with each other's advantages of system acts on, and promotes corn yield increasing, while the disadvantage of salt-soda soil nutrient scarcity is effectively relieved.
The implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil of the application, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
A, site preparation: removing the impurity in salt-soda soil, using rotary tillage 35cm, then increases soil conditioner to alkaline land soil
It is mixed thoroughly and arrangement fine crushing；
B, it sows: the corn after shining and screening and Sesbania seed is soaked in water 3-5 hours respectively, then will impregnate
Seed afterwards, which tentatively dries to be put into seeder, to be sowed；The sowing time of sesbania is at the beginning of 5 months, by the end of May in wide ridge back set
Kind corn；
C, work: the spacing in the rows of corn is 20-24cm, line-spacing 90-100cm, stays 3200 plants of seedling per acre；Corn and sesbania spacing
35cm, the spacing in the rows of sesbania are that the line number ratio made between 20-24cm corn and sesbania is 1:2, i.e., every 1 row corn intercrop, 2 row sesbania；
D, when arriving the beginning of July, sesbania away from cutting down at earth's surface 15cm, the ridge of corn side field management: is placed on along ridge
Then back carries out mid-term and turns over；
E, it harvests: after harvest corn, being turned over Cultivator, ploughed depth 20-25cm allows sesbania rotted naturally in field
Between.
Further, the soil conditioner in the step a is made of following raw material: 30-50 parts of animal wastes；Plant straw
25-47 parts of stalk；20-42 parts of soybean cake；15-30 parts of wheatfeed；10-20 parts of turf；5-10 parts of calcium superphosphate；3-8 parts of copper sulphate；
1-10 parts of bamboo charcoal；10-20 parts of complex enzyme formulation；
The complex enzyme formulation include: including amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, urase, with
The composition of proportions of mass ratio 1:1.8:1.6:2.5:1.1:1.8.
Soil conditioner of the invention makes full use of the natural materials such as straw, animal wastes, and low in cost, nutrition is equal
Weighing apparatus, can reduce soil pH, moreover it is possible to which the content for significantly improving the organic matter in soil improves the ventilative of soil, infiltration situation, increases
Add the soil quality in salt-soda soil.
Further, the rotary tillage in the step a is deep ploughed using spiral deep ploughing machine, and the spiral deep ploughing knife includes one
To oppositely oriented rotary blade.
Method disclosed by the invention just plants field using the salt tolerant of sesbania and the symbiosis of itself and corn in may
Cyanines, bottom carries out corn planting in may, so that corn and sesbania is established syntaxial system, not only siphons away the salinity in salt-soda soil, but also
More times when sesbania and increment when corn symbiosis are nature growths, at the same can also harvesting corn, the corn of harvest can be with
Increase the agricultural incomes of peasant.Corn planting can play the role of good increasing both production and income behind the salt-soda soil by improvement, increase
The agricultural incomes of local farmers are added；In addition, the planting environment in salt-soda soil can gradually become by alkaline land improving year in year out
In good, can achieve the purpose that gradually to improve salt-soda soil.
Further, the planting with sowing machine device in the step b includes: seeder head, engine, shelf, rear-wheel,
Height adjustment knob, front-wheel, regulation handle, handrail；Seeding box, driving wheel, seed wheel, fork plate, seeding outlet, hole opening knife
Axis, hole opening knife piece；The engine is arranged at the seeder head；Then the rear-wheel is passed through by transmission axis connection
Transmission mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the power output end driving wheel of engine；The shelf is arranged on rear-wheel, solid with head
Fixed connection；The height of height adjustment knob adjusting front-wheel；The highs and lows of regulation handle setting front-wheel；Handrail is fixed to be connected
It connects and head, when work, staff holds handrail；The Seeding box is fixedly connected with the shelf；The Seeding box lower end
There is the seeding to export；Inside the Seeding box, the top of the seeding outlet is equipped with the seed wheel；The seed wheel
It is upper to have the fork plate；The input terminal of the hole opening knife axis and the output end of driving wheel connect；The hole opening knife axis drives institute
State the rotation of hole opening knife piece.Seeder of the invention can be realized water furrow planting, with its seeding corn, have investment small, at low cost,
The advantages that period is short, and rainy season does not influence sowing is sowed, human cost is reduced.
Further, in the step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies nitrogenous fertilizer 5-
5.5kg/ mu.
Further, in the step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies phosphate fertilizer 4-
5kg/ mus.
Further, in the step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies potash fertilizer 4-
5kg/ mus.
Further, the depth of planting of corn is 4-5cm, and every bunch planting kind 2-3, the depth of planting of sesbania is 3-4cm, often
Bunch planting kind 3-4.
The implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil provided herein can be by improveing salt
Make to alkali corn yield increasing, increase agriculture value, additionally it is possible to achieve the purpose that gradually to improve salt-soda soil.Compared with prior art, field
It is early kind of cyanines, early long, it is early to utilize, it can guarantee the yield of corn.After salt-soda soil carries out soil improvement, corn and sesbania are carried out
Between make, can guarantee the growth of corn.
It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary, this can not be limited
Application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of seeder provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Appended drawing reference:
10- seeder head；
11- engine；
12- shelf；
13- rear-wheel；
14- height adjustment knob；
15- front-wheel；
16- regulation handle；
17- handrail；
20- Seeding box；
21- driving wheel；
22- seed wheel；
23- fork plate；
24- seeding outlet；
25- hole opening knife axis；
26- hole opening knife piece.
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows the implementation for meeting the application
Example, and together with specification it is used to explain the principle of the application.
Specific embodiment
The application is described in further detail below by specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing.
The implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil of the embodiment of the present application, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
A, site preparation: removing the impurity in salt-soda soil, using rotary tillage 35cm, then increases soil conditioner to alkaline land soil
It is mixed thoroughly and arrangement fine crushing；
B, it sows: the corn after shining and screening and Sesbania seed is soaked in water 3-5 hours respectively, then will impregnate
Seed afterwards, which tentatively dries to be put into seeder, to be sowed；The sowing time of sesbania is at the beginning of 5 months, by the end of May in wide ridge back set
Kind corn；
C, work: the spacing in the rows of corn is 20-24cm, line-spacing 90-100cm, stays 3200 plants of seedling per acre；Corn and sesbania spacing
35cm, the spacing in the rows of sesbania are that the line number ratio made between 20-24cm corn and sesbania is 1:2, i.e., every 1 row corn intercrop, 2 row sesbania；
D, when arriving the beginning of July, sesbania away from cutting down at earth's surface 15cm, the ridge of corn side field management: is placed on along ridge
Then back carries out mid-term and turns over；
E, it harvests: after harvest corn, being turned over Cultivator, ploughed depth 20-25cm allows sesbania rotted naturally in field
Between.
Further, the soil conditioner in step a is made of following raw material: 30-50 parts of animal wastes；Straw
25-47 parts；20-42 parts of soybean cake；15-30 parts of wheatfeed；10-20 parts of turf；5-10 parts of calcium superphosphate；3-8 parts of copper sulphate；Bamboo
1-10 parts of charcoal；10-20 parts of complex enzyme formulation；
Complex enzyme formulation includes: including amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, urase, with quality
Composition of proportions than 1:1.8:1.6:2.5:1.1:1.8.
Soil conditioner of the invention makes full use of the natural materials such as straw, animal wastes, and low in cost, nutrition is equal
Weighing apparatus, can reduce soil pH, moreover it is possible to which the content for significantly improving the organic matter in soil improves the ventilative of soil, infiltration situation, increases
Add the soil quality in salt-soda soil.
Further, the rotary tillage in step a is deep ploughed using spiral deep ploughing machine, and spiral deep ploughing knife includes a pair of of rotation direction phase
Anti- rotary blade.
The method of disclosure of the invention just plants sesbania using the salt tolerant of sesbania and the symbiosis of itself and corn in may,
Bottom carries out corn planting in may, so that corn and sesbania is established syntaxial system, not only siphons away the salinity in salt-soda soil, but also sesbania
More times when with increment when corn symbiosis being nature growth, at the same can also harvesting corn, the corn of harvest can increase
The agricultural incomes of peasant.Corn planting can play the role of good increasing both production and income, increase behind the salt-soda soil by improvement
The agricultural incomes of local farmers；In addition, the planting environment in salt-soda soil can gradually tend to be good by alkaline land improving year in year out
It is good, it can achieve the purpose that gradually to improve salt-soda soil.
Further, the planting with sowing machine device in step b includes: seeder head 10, engine 11, shelf 12, after
Wheel 13, height adjustment knob 14, front-wheel 15, regulation handle 16, handrail 17；Seeding box 20, driving wheel 21, seed wheel 22, shift fork
Plate 23, seeding outlet 24, hole opening knife axis 25, hole opening knife piece 26；Engine 11 is arranged at seeder head 10；Rear-wheel 13 passes through
It is driven axis connection, the output shaft of the power output end driving wheel 21 of engine 11 is then connected to by transmission mechanism；Shelf 12
It is arranged on rear-wheel, is fixedly connected with head 10；The height of the adjusting front-wheel 15 of height adjustment knob 14；Before regulation handle 16 is arranged
The highs and lows of wheel；Handrail 17 be fixedly connected with head 10, when work, staff holds handrail 17；The sowing
Case 20 is fixedly connected with shelf 12；20 lower end of Seeding box has seeding to export 24；Inside Seeding box 20, the top of seeding outlet 24
Seed wheel 22 is installed；Fork plate 23 is had on seed wheel 22；The input terminal of hole opening knife axis 25 and the output end of driving wheel 21 connect
It connects；Hole opening knife axis 25 drives hole opening knife piece 26 to rotate.Seeder of the invention can be realized water furrow planting, with its seeding corn,
Small with putting into, at low cost, the sowing period is short, and rainy season does not influence the advantages that sowing, and reduces human cost.
Further, in step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies nitrogenous fertilizer 5-5.5kg/
Mu.
Further, in step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies 4-5kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer.
Further, in step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies 4-5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer.
Mid-term is carried out to sesbania and cuts green guarantee, stalk will be cut off and be fully embedded 20 centimetres of left sides of soil layer after mid-term is turned over
The right side makes soil and stalk combine closely, prevents the evaporation of water in soil, increases soil water-stable granule total amount after turning over sesbania, the soil weight
It reduces, porosity increases, and can inhibit the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
Further, the depth of planting of corn is 4-5cm, and every bunch planting kind 2-3, the depth of planting of sesbania is 3-4cm, often
Bunch planting kind 3-4.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (8)
1. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil, which comprises the following steps:
A, site preparation: removing the impurity in salt-soda soil, using rotary tillage 35cm, then increases soil conditioner to alkaline land soil and carries out
It mixes thoroughly and arrangement fine crushing；
B, it sows: the corn after shining and screening and Sesbania seed is soaked in water 3-5 hours respectively, it then will be after immersion
Seed, which tentatively dries to be put into seeder, to be sowed；The sowing time of sesbania is to interplant by the end of May in wide ridge back beautiful at the beginning of 5 months
Rice；
C, work: the spacing in the rows of corn is 20-24cm, line-spacing 90-100cm, stays 3200 plants of seedling per acre；Corn and sesbania spacing
35cm, the spacing in the rows of sesbania are that the line number ratio made between 20-24cm corn and sesbania is 1:2, i.e., every 1 row corn intercrop, 2 row sesbania；
D, when arriving the beginning of July, sesbania away from cutting down at earth's surface 15cm, the ridge back of corn side field management: is placed on along ridge
On, it then carries out mid-term and turns over；
E, it harvests: after harvest corn, being turned over Cultivator, ploughed depth 20-25cm allows sesbania rotted naturally in field.
2. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Soil conditioner in the step a is made of following raw material: 30-50 parts of animal wastes；25-47 parts of straw；Soybean cake
20-42 parts；15-30 parts of wheatfeed；10-20 parts of turf；5-10 parts of calcium superphosphate；3-8 parts of copper sulphate；1-10 parts of bamboo charcoal；It is compound
10-20 parts of enzyme preparation；
The complex enzyme formulation includes: including amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, maltose, urase, with quality
Composition of proportions than 1:1.8:1.6:2.5:1.1:1.8.
3. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Rotary tillage in the step a is deep ploughed using spiral deep ploughing machine, and the spiral deep ploughing knife includes a pair of oppositely oriented rotary tillage
Knife.
4. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Planting with sowing machine device in the step b includes: seeder head (10), engine (11), shelf (12), rear-wheel (13),
Height adjustment knob (14), front-wheel (15), regulation handle (16), handrail (17)；Seeding box (20), driving wheel (21), seed wheel
(22), fork plate (23), seeding export (24), hole opening knife axis (25), hole opening knife piece (26)；The engine (11) is arranged in institute
It states at seeder head (10)；Then the rear-wheel (13) is connected to engine by transmission mechanism by transmission axis connection
(11) output shaft of power output end driving wheel (21)；The shelf (12) is arranged on rear-wheel, with head (10) fixed company
It connects；Height adjustment knob (14) adjusts the height of front-wheel (15)；The highs and lows of regulation handle (16) setting front-wheel；It helps
Hand (17) be fixedly connected with head (10), when work, staff holds handrail (17)；The Seeding box (20) and the shelf
(12) it is fixedly connected；There is the seeding outlet (24) in Seeding box (20) lower end；Internal, the row in the Seeding box (20)
The top of kind outlet (24) is equipped with the seed wheel (22)；The fork plate (23) are had on the seed wheel (22)；It is described
The input terminal of hole opening knife axis (25) is connect with the output end of driving wheel (21)；The hole opening knife axis (25) drives the hole opening knife piece
(26) it rotates.
5. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies 5-5.5kg/ mus of nitrogenous fertilizer.
6. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies 4-5kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer.
7. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the step d field management: mid-term is turned over rots in latter week to sesbania, then applies 4-5kg/ mus of potash fertilizer.
8. the implantation methods made between a kind of corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The depth of planting of corn is 4-5cm, and every bunch planting kind 2-3, the depth of planting of sesbania is 3-4cm, every bunch planting kind 3-4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811158049.4A CN109169067A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | A kind of implantation methods made between corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811158049.4A CN109169067A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | A kind of implantation methods made between corn and sesbania for salt-soda soil |
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| CN109169067A true CN109169067A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109759441A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of alkaline land soil restorative procedure |
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| CN109759441A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-17 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of alkaline land soil restorative procedure |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |