CN115003160B - 控制真菌的方法 - Google Patents
控制真菌的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115003160B CN115003160B CN202180011755.XA CN202180011755A CN115003160B CN 115003160 B CN115003160 B CN 115003160B CN 202180011755 A CN202180011755 A CN 202180011755A CN 115003160 B CN115003160 B CN 115003160B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alternaria
- species
- fusarium
- plant
- cyclothiazolomycin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 79
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 claims description 49
- 241000223600 Alternaria Species 0.000 claims description 41
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000123650 Botrytis cinerea Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000228456 Leptosphaeria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000223194 Fusarium culmorum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000722133 Tilletia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012872 agrochemical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010088620 cyclothiazomycin C Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001360088 Zymoseptoria tritici Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000412366 Alternaria mali Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001671190 Xanthophyllum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014823 Geum X aurantiacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014842 Geum X macranthum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014843 Geum X pulchrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000308638 Geum urbanum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001272879 Plenodomus chrysanthemi Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 69
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 46
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 43
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 43
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 35
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 25
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 23
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 241000221300 Puccinia Species 0.000 description 22
- 241000235527 Rhizopus Species 0.000 description 21
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 241001533598 Septoria Species 0.000 description 18
- 241000193738 Bacillus anthracis Species 0.000 description 16
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 16
- -1 phosphinothricin salt Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 14
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 13
- 241000228143 Penicillium Species 0.000 description 13
- 244000038559 crop plants Species 0.000 description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 239000001965 potato dextrose agar Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241001157813 Cercospora Species 0.000 description 11
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000233639 Pythium Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241001290235 Ceratobasidium cereale Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 10
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241001223281 Peronospora Species 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000222290 Cladosporium Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 7
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000235395 Mucor Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000233614 Phytophthora Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000346285 Ostrinia furnacalis Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 6
- 241001361634 Rhizoctonia Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000221662 Sclerotinia Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000221566 Ustilago Species 0.000 description 6
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003032 phytopathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000223602 Alternaria alternata Species 0.000 description 5
- 241001443610 Aschersonia Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000223195 Fusarium graminearum Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000192132 Leuconostoc Species 0.000 description 5
- 241001599018 Melanogaster Species 0.000 description 5
- 240000005561 Musa balbisiana Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004546 suspension concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 241001149961 Alternaria brassicae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000228197 Aspergillus flavus Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 241000222199 Colletotrichum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000192130 Leuconostoc mesenteroides Species 0.000 description 4
- 206010027145 Melanocytic naevus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241000235575 Mortierella Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000226677 Myceliophthora Species 0.000 description 4
- 208000007256 Nevus Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001503951 Phoma Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000235400 Phycomyces Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233616 Phytophthora capsici Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004491 dispersible concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000000013 helminth Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 4
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017066 negative regulation of growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004533 oil dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108010082527 phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000701447 unidentified baculovirus Species 0.000 description 4
- IAJOBQBIJHVGMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4-[hydroxy(methyl)phosphoryl]butanoic acid Chemical compound CP(O)(=O)CCC(N)C(O)=O IAJOBQBIJHVGMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001225321 Aspergillus fumigatus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000223678 Aureobasidium pullulans Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001465180 Botrytis Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000197813 Camelina sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000222173 Candida parapsilosis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000222178 Candida tropicalis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000395107 Cladosporium cucumerinum Species 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001480036 Epidermophyton floccosum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000283070 Equus zebra Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000510928 Erysiphe necator Species 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010017533 Fungal infection Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000233732 Fusarium verticillioides Species 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010034145 Helminth Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002262 Lycopersicon Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001507673 Penicillium digitatum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000122123 Penicillium italicum Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000123113 Phellinus igniarius Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000233618 Phytophthora cinnamomi Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000948155 Phytophthora sojae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000003889 Piper guineense Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000132152 Polymyxa Species 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001281802 Pseudoperonospora Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000540505 Puccinia dispersa f. sp. tritici Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001123567 Puccinia sorghi Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000228453 Pyrenophora Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000918585 Pythium aphanidermatum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000918584 Pythium ultimum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000959624 Ramaria Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000005384 Rhizopus oryzae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013752 Rhizopus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000221696 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001558929 Sclerotium <basidiomycota> Species 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001123668 Verticillium dahliae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000607757 Xenorhabdus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940091771 aspergillus fumigatus Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229940055022 candida parapsilosis Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004490 capsule suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 3
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005645 nematicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004550 soluble concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N (+)-α-limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxyphenyl)methanol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1OC1CCCC1 JIRHAGAOHOYLNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSNHSQKRULAAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(CC)C=C1 DSNHSQKRULAAEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(O)CO KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000213004 Alternaria solani Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000172143 Aphanomyces cochlioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001444080 Aphanomyces euteiches Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000222195 Ascochyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235349 Ascomycota Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465318 Aspergillus terreus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108700003918 Bacillus Thuringiensis insecticidal crystal Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 101100497219 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki cry1Ac gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101100275683 Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki cry2Ab gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001480060 Blumeria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000555706 Botryosphaeria dothidea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000233685 Bremia lactucae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000589513 Burkholderia cepacia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000079253 Byssochlamys spectabilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000498608 Cadophora gregata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000221866 Ceratocystis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000514977 Cercospora chrysanthemi Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000223203 Coccidioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000222239 Colletotrichum truncatum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209020 Cornus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000609458 Corynespora Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000223211 Curvularia lunata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235035 Debaryomyces Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235036 Debaryomyces hansenii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000125117 Elsinoe Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001136487 Eurotium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000896488 Fusarium oxysporum Cotton Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000145511 Fusarium sacchari Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000427940 Fusarium solani Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005561 Glufosinate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000218229 Humulus japonicus Species 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014663 Kluyveromyces fragilis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001138401 Kluyveromyces lactis Species 0.000 description 2
- 108090001090 Lectins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004856 Lectins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000589902 Leptospira Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000896221 Leveillula taurica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001330975 Magnaporthe oryzae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001480037 Microsporum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001518729 Monilinia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001459558 Monographella nivalis Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000223251 Myrothecium Species 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001236817 Paecilomyces <Clavicipitaceae> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000315044 Passalora arachidicola Species 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001148062 Photorhabdus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001341042 Phylloporia <moth> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000508244 Phyllosticta sphaeropsoidea Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000932914 Physalospora obtusa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235645 Pichia kudriavzevii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001503436 Plasmodiophora brassicae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233626 Plasmopara Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GPGLBXMQFQQXDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Primisulfuron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC(F)F)=CC(OC(F)F)=N1 GPGLBXMQFQQXDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108020001991 Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000005135 Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241001523344 Pseudoroegneria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000221301 Puccinia graminis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000231139 Pyricularia Species 0.000 description 2
- 108020004511 Recombinant DNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000139972 Remotididymella Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000813090 Rhizoctonia solani Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235545 Rhizopus niveus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108090000829 Ribosome Inactivating Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 244000253911 Saccharomyces fragilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000018368 Saccharomyces fragilis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 101100540488 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) asp1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000082988 Secale cereale Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001533580 Septoria lycopersici Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000579741 Sphaerotheca <fungi> Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000001949 Taraxacum officinale Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005187 Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000328914 Toffolettia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000223238 Trichophyton Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009392 Vitis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000607735 Xenorhabdus nematophila Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235015 Yarrowia lipolytica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000235017 Zygosaccharomyces Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000235029 Zygosaccharomyces bailii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000222126 [Candida] glabrata Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000032343 candida glabrata infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101150065438 cry1Ab gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101150102059 cry3Aa gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- ASUTZQLVASHGKV-JDFRZJQESA-N galanthamine Chemical compound O1C(=C23)C(OC)=CC=C2CN(C)CC[C@]23[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)C=C2 ASUTZQLVASHGKV-JDFRZJQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC([O-])=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(C)=O MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940031154 kluyveromyces marxianus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002523 lectin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OC JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003750 molluscacide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002013 molluscicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004560 ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-pinene Chemical compound CC1=CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTOKYIBTLUQVQV-QRVTZXGZSA-N (3s,6s,9s,12r,15s,18s,21s,24s,30s,33s)-30-[(1r)-1-hydroxyethyl]-33-[(e,1r,2r)-1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl]-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonamethyl-6,9,18,24-tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)-3,21-di(propan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecazacyclotritriacontan Chemical compound C\C=C\C[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC1=O JTOKYIBTLUQVQV-QRVTZXGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNKRKFALVUDBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloropropane Chemical compound CC(Cl)CCl KNKRKFALVUDBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1OC1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C OZXIZRZFGJZWBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)OC LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 1S,5S-(-)-alpha-Pinene Natural products CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUDYYMUUJHLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)COC(C)CO CUDYYMUUJHLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJPHHBGPPJXISY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-[[2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]acetyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCCC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)CN)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJPHHBGPPJXISY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile Chemical compound OC1=C(Br)C=C(C#N)C=C1Br UPMXNNIRAGDFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAAMSDWKXXPUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1CNC=N1 CAAMSDWKXXPUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPOIPOPJGBKXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dimethoxy-10-methyl-galantham-1-ene Natural products O1C(C(=CC=2)OC)=C3C=2CN(C)CCC23C1CC(OC)C=C2 HPOIPOPJGBKXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-1-piperidin-4-ylpyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CC(O)CN1C1CCNCC1 HIQIXEFWDLTDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWJLCYHYLZZXBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2NC(=O)CC2=C1 WWJLCYHYLZZXBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004507 Abelmoschus esculentus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010066676 Abrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000235389 Absidia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000590020 Achromobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000726119 Acidovorax Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000682855 Aegerita Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222518 Agaricus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710186708 Agglutinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000919507 Albugo candida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001163841 Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001280436 Allium schoenoprasum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001270 Allium sibiricum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001157812 Alternaria brassicicola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000860705 Alternaria tomato Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000198596 Alternaria tomatophila Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000187643 Amycolatopsis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208223 Anacardiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001444083 Aphanomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003276 Apios tuberosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010744 Arachis villosulicarpa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000216654 Armillaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000499952 Arthropodium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001273451 Ascochyta pisi Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000003416 Asparagus officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000125121 Aspergillus carbonarius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000351920 Aspergillus nidulans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000914343 Aspergillus ruber Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000203233 Aspergillus versicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258957 Asteroidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000050634 Aureobasidium zeae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710163256 Bibenzyl synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000228438 Bipolaris maydis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001450781 Bipolaris oryzae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000190150 Bipolaris sorokiniana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228439 Bipolaris zeicola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228405 Blastomyces dermatitidis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001480061 Blumeria graminis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000895502 Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000130841 Blumeriella jaapii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007689 Borago officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004355 Borago officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011303 Brassica alboglabra Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011302 Brassica oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017647 Brassica oleracea var italica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233684 Bremia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005489 Bromoxynil Substances 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000016401 Camelina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009025 Carya illinoensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068645 Carya illinoensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123631 Cephaloascus fragrans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001344837 Ceratobasidium theobromae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221868 Ceratocystis fimbriata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000893384 Ceratorhiza oryzae-sativae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000530549 Cercospora beticola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001658057 Cercospora kikuchii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000113401 Cercospora sojina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000437818 Cercospora vignicola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000947067 Cercospora zeae-maydis Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000012286 Chitinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010022172 Chitinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LPCKPBWOSNVCEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlidanthine Natural products O1C(C(=CC=2)O)=C3C=2CN(C)CCC23C1CC(OC)C=C2 LPCKPBWOSNVCEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010089254 Cholesterol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000593499 Cladium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001205581 Cladosporium oryzae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221751 Claviceps purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001508813 Clavispora lusitaniae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223205 Coccidioides immitis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228437 Cochliobolus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000723375 Colchicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123534 Colletotrichum coccodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001480648 Colletotrichum dematium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529387 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001429695 Colletotrichum graminicola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001120669 Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222233 Colletotrichum musae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222235 Colletotrichum orbiculare Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002787 Coriandrum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000018436 Coriandrum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000723382 Corylus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101150102464 Cry1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000221204 Cryptococcus neoformans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219130 Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003954 Cucurbita pepo var melopepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000371644 Curvularia ravenelii Species 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTOKYIBTLUQVQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclosporin C Natural products CC=CCC(C)C(O)C1N(C)C(=O)C(C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)C(CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)C(C(C)O)NC1=O JTOKYIBTLUQVQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052363 Cynodon dactylon Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000015833 Cystatin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940124186 Dehydrogenase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001508802 Diaporthe Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001306390 Diaporthe ampelina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000042001 Diaporthe helianthi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000533786 Diaporthe longicolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000382787 Diaporthe sojae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555695 Didymella Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710173731 Diuretic hormone receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000081867 Drechslera gigantea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920005682 EO-PO block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UPEZCKBFRMILAV-JNEQICEOSA-N Ecdysone Natural products O=C1[C@H]2[C@@](C)([C@@H]3C([C@@]4(O)[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O)CCC(O)(C)C)C)CC4)CC3)=C1)C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 UPEZCKBFRMILAV-JNEQICEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001950 Elaeis guineensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000127993 Elaeis melanococca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001568757 Elsinoe glycines Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000085625 Equisetum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465328 Eremothecium gossypii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221787 Erysiphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000984019 Erysiphe cruciferarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001337814 Erysiphe glycines Species 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000378865 Eutypa lata Species 0.000 description 1
- LLQPHQFNMLZJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fentrazamide Chemical compound N1=NN(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)C(=O)N1C(=O)N(CC)C1CCCCC1 LLQPHQFNMLZJMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000122692 Fusarium avenaceum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000879295 Fusarium equiseti Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221778 Fusarium fujikuroi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000786450 Fusarium langsethiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000210517 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001489200 Fusarium poae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000690372 Fusarium proliferatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001556359 Fusarium solani f. sp. glycines Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223192 Fusarium sporotrichioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000145502 Fusarium subglutinans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000879141 Fusarium tricinctum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149475 Gaeumannomyces graminis Species 0.000 description 1
- UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol 1,2-diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(C)=O UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000896246 Golovinomyces cichoracearum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046313 Graves blackberry Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001516047 Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000592938 Helminthosporium solani Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001181537 Hemileia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001181532 Hemileia vastatrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228404 Histoplasma capsulatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710146024 Horcolin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025221 Humulus lupulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000549404 Hyaloperonospora parasitica Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000895 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004286 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XVOKUMIPKHGGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imazethapyr Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(CC)=CN=C1C1=NC(C)(C(C)C)C(=O)N1 XVOKUMIPKHGGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000862 Ion Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KGEKLUUHTZCSIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobornyl acetate Natural products C1CC2(C)C(OC(=O)C)CC1C2(C)C KGEKLUUHTZCSIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000758791 Juglandaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000274177 Juniperus sabina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000643932 Laetisaria fuciformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013628 Lantana involucrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005183 Lantana involucrata Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000165082 Lavanda vera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010663 Lavandula angustifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101710189395 Lectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000004322 Lens culinaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014647 Lens culinaris subsp culinaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000382931 Leptographium lundbergii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222978 Leptosphaeria biglobosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228457 Leptosphaeria maculans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000144128 Lichtheimia corymbifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000132887 Lomentospora prolificans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000613451 Lophodermium seditiosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003956 Luffa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000050983 Luffa operculata Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710179758 Mannose-specific lectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710150763 Mannose-specific lectin 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710150745 Mannose-specific lectin 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001143352 Meloidogyne Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005641 Methyl octanoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000192701 Microcystis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001555224 Microdochium majus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006677 Monarda citriodora ssp. austromontana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001518731 Monilinia fructicola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000005782 Monographella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000005783 Monographella albescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000131448 Mycosphaerella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000633856 Mycosphaerella pomi Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000379990 Nakataea oryzae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000083063 Neopseudocercosporella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000083076 Neopseudocercosporella brassicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000083073 Neopseudocercosporella capsellae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016698 Nigella sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000090896 Nigella sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000729876 Niveus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001329956 Nothopassalora personata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010676 Ocimum basilicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007926 Ocimum gratissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001668536 Oculimacula yallundae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221871 Ophiostoma Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000879158 Ophiostoma piceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221671 Ophiostoma ulmi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001560086 Pachyrhizus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710193050 Papain inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008753 Papaver somniferum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001090 Papaver somniferum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001537205 Paracoccidioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736122 Parastagonospora nodorum Species 0.000 description 1
- 101710091688 Patatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000208181 Pelargonium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228145 Penicillium brevicompactum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001507677 Penicillium commune Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001507662 Penicillium crustosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123663 Penicillium expansum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000864269 Penicillium nalgiovense Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000064 Penicillium roqueforti Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002233 Penicillium roqueforti Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000596140 Peronosclerospora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000760719 Peronosclerospora maydis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000760727 Peronosclerospora philippinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000596141 Peronosclerospora sorghi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001670201 Peronospora destructor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001670203 Peronospora manshurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008673 Persea americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025272 Persea americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000062780 Petroselinum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000682645 Phakopsora pachyrhizi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222385 Phanerochaete Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219833 Phaseolus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222831 Phialophora <Chaetothyriales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001547059 Phlyctema vagabunda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000566742 Photina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001092035 Photinia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148064 Photorhabdus luminescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000534544 Phyllachora Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000309557 Phyllachora pomigena Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000519856 Phyllosticta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000210649 Phyllosticta ampelicida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555714 Phyllosticta citricarpa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001270527 Phyllosticta citrullina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000471406 Physoderma maydis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233622 Phytophthora infestans Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006711 Pistacia vera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001503464 Plasmodiophora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233610 Plasmopara halstedii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001281803 Plasmopara viticola Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000248744 Plenodomus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001136503 Pleospora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000896242 Podosphaera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000317981 Podosphaera fuliginea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000896201 Podosphaera fusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001337928 Podosphaera leucotricha Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001294742 Podosphaera macularis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000866625 Polymorphus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000132144 Polymyxa betae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001219485 Polymyxa graminis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124158 Protease/peptidase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000009827 Prunus armeniaca Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005809 Prunus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006029 Prunus persica var nucipersica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000017714 Prunus persica var. nucipersica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000087479 Pseudocercospora fijiensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001281805 Pseudoperonospora cubensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000342307 Pseudoperonospora humuli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001480433 Pseudopeziza Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000812329 Pseudopyrenochaeta lycopersici Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001038563 Pseudostellaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001246058 Puccinia allii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000183512 Puccinia helianthi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123559 Puccinia hordei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000928333 Puccinia kuehnii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000928332 Puccinia melanocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001304534 Puccinia polysora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001123583 Puccinia striiformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001246061 Puccinia triticina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001291156 Pyrenopeziza Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001291154 Pyrenopeziza brassicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000228454 Pyrenophora graminea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000520648 Pyrenophora teres Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000190117 Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001432944 Pyricularia graminis-tritici Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001622887 Pythium sylvaticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000232299 Ralstonia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000173767 Ramularia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000173769 Ramularia collo-cygni Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196686 Ramulariopsis gossypii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000299790 Rheum rhabarbarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009411 Rheum rhabarbarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000235402 Rhizomucor Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235525 Rhizomucor pusillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235546 Rhizopus stolonifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001515786 Rhynchosporium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001515790 Rhynchosporium secalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010039491 Ricin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000178231 Rosmarinus officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000601242 Rotaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007651 Rubus glaucus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011034 Rubus glaucus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009122 Rubus idaeus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000187560 Saccharopolyspora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209051 Saccharum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010084592 Saporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000800294 Sarocladium oryzae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000132889 Scedosporium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223598 Scedosporium boydii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222480 Schizophyllum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000825108 Schizothyrium pomi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001183191 Sclerophthora macrospora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001518640 Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000239226 Scorpiones Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005319 Sedum acre Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001597349 Septoria glycines Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000332749 Setosphaeria turcica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000044822 Simmondsia californica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004433 Simmondsia californica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000300264 Spinacia oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149962 Sporothrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001085826 Sporotrichum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000371621 Stemphylium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000143503 Stemphylium solani Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000266365 Stemphylium vesicarium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000116011 Stenocarpella macrospora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000019259 Succinate Dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010012901 Succinate Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010042434 Sudden death Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000152045 Themeda triandra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000561282 Thielaviopsis basicola Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007303 Thymus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002657 Thymus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000722093 Tilletia caries Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000031845 Tilletia laevis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001409775 Tranzschelia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019714 Triticale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940122618 Trypsin inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 101710162629 Trypsin inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000959260 Typhula Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000333201 Typhula incarnata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001106462 Ulmus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001547 Ulmus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000058281 Ulmus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001154828 Urocystis <tapeworm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000083901 Urocystis agropyri Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000893448 Urocystis colchici Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221576 Uromyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221577 Uromyces appendiculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000544594 Uromyces viciae-fabae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000509513 Ustilago hordei Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015919 Ustilago maydis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000301083 Ustilago maydis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000007070 Ustilago nuda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233791 Ustilago tritici Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001717 Vaccinium macrocarpon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012545 Vaccinium macrocarpon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000078534 Vaccinium myrtillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002118 Vaccinium oxycoccus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000228452 Venturia inaequalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001006642 Venturia pyrina Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000000260 Warts Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282188 Wilsonomyces carpophilus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000981595 Zoysia japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001940 [(1R,4S,6R)-1,7,7-trimethyl-6-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001089 [(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methanol Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000845449 [Rhizoctonia] oryzae Species 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000910 agglutinin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UPEZCKBFRMILAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Ecdysone Natural products C1C(O)C(O)CC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C(O)CCC(C)(C)O)C)CCC33O)C)C3=CC(=O)C21 UPEZCKBFRMILAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVNCAPSFBDBCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-pinene Natural products CC1=CCC23C1CC2C3(C)C MVNCAPSFBDBCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021015 bananas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010021384 barley lectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000020299 breve Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015155 buttermilk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000480 calcium channel blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
- OOCMUZJPDXYRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O OOCMUZJPDXYRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010079058 casein hydrolysate Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004464 cereal grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004634 cranberry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015142 cultured sour cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010019248 cyclosporin C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108050004038 cystatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940042399 direct acting antivirals protease inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical class [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- UPEZCKBFRMILAV-JMZLNJERSA-N ecdysone Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](CC[C@@]3([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O)CCC(C)(C)O)C)CC[C@]33O)C)C3=CC(=O)[C@@H]21 UPEZCKBFRMILAV-JMZLNJERSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N elaidic acid methyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008542 feiji Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021001 fermented dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- IMQSIXYSKPIGPD-YQRUMEKGSA-N filipin III Chemical compound CCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)\C(C)=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)OC1=O IMQSIXYSKPIGPD-YQRUMEKGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003980 galantamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BGLNUNCBNALFOZ-WMLDXEAASA-N galanthamine Natural products COc1ccc2CCCC[C@@]34C=CCC[C@@H]3Oc1c24 BGLNUNCBNALFOZ-WMLDXEAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASUTZQLVASHGKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N galanthamine hydrochloride Natural products O1C(=C23)C(OC)=CC=C2CN(C)CCC23C1CC(O)C=C2 ASUTZQLVASHGKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940100242 glycol stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000008025 hordeolum Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940117955 isoamyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010080576 juvenile hormone esterase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000015141 kefir Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001102 lavandula vera Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018219 lavender Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021374 legumes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- IYVSXSLYJLAZAT-NOLJZWGESA-N lycoramine Natural products CN1CC[C@@]23CC[C@H](O)C[C@@H]2Oc4cccc(C1)c34 IYVSXSLYJLAZAT-NOLJZWGESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesityl oxide Natural products CC(C)=CC(C)=O SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N methyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073769 methyl oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108091040857 miR-604 stem-loop Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003641 microbiacidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002703 mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000350 mutagenesis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- AIMMSOZBPYFASU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-n'-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-1-ium-2-yl]sulfonylcarbamimidate Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CN=2)OCC(F)(F)F)=N1 AIMMSOZBPYFASU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013557 nattō Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002581 neurotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000618 neurotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001711 nigella sativa Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940078552 o-xylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012053 oil suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091000699 pea lectin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940098377 penicillium brevicompactum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011197 perejil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020233 pistachio Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005962 plant activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000000003 plant pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001967 plate count agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021018 plums Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012865 response to insecticide Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000002020 sage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 201000010153 skin papilloma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003195 sodium channel blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-dibutylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCC)C(CCCC)=CC2=C1 KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005563 spheronization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010076424 stilbene synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000021918 systemic acquired resistance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PZTAGFCBNDBBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCCCC1CO PZTAGFCBNDBBFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001585 thymus vulgaris Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012137 tryptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004555 ultra-low volume (ULV) suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001113 umbilicus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008256 whipped cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000228158 x Triticosecale Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003738 xylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
- A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/28—Streptomyces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B7/155—Microorganisms; Enzymes; Antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/16—Preserving with chemicals
- A23B9/24—Preserving with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B9/26—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23B9/28—Microorganisms; Enzymes; Antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/097—Preservation
- A23C19/10—Addition of preservatives
- A23C19/11—Addition of preservatives of antibiotics or bacteriocins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/13—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using additives
- A23C9/1322—Inorganic compounds; Minerals, including organic salts thereof, oligo-elements; Amino-acids, peptides, protein-hydrolysates or derivatives; Nucleic acids or derivatives; Yeast extract or autolysate; Vitamins; Antibiotics; Bacteriocins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/158—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives containing vitamins or antibiotics
- A23C9/1585—Antibiotics; Bacteriocins; Fungicides from microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/34635—Antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/12—Cyclic peptides, e.g. bacitracins; Polymyxins; Gramicidins S, C; Tyrocidins A, B or C
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Abstract
一种控制或预防植物被真菌侵染的方法,其中将杀真菌有效量的环噻唑霉素C施用至这些植物、其部分或其场所。
Description
本发明涉及使用已知化合物环噻唑霉素C来控制真菌,特别是在农业或园艺中。本发明还涉及杀真菌组合物、特别是包含环噻唑霉素C的农用化学杀真菌组合物,这些组合物的制备方法,以及环噻唑霉素C或这些组合物用于控制或预防基质被真菌侵染的用途、特别是用于农业或园艺中的基质如植物、收获的粮食作物、种子或非生物材料用途。
环噻唑霉素C是已知的具有式I的化合物;
环噻唑霉素C的结构披露于WO 2015191789的第3页。本披露还在第31页的表6中给出了环噻唑霉素C的抗微生物活性的实例。在表6之后的第31页上,清楚地陈述了“观察到对芽孢杆菌属的最大抑制活性。我们还决定评价环噻唑霉素C是否对多种真菌菌株展现出生长抑制作用,但没有观察到。”
现已发现,出人意料地,环噻唑霉素C对在农业和园艺中通常侵染植物的许多真菌病原体展现出有用的杀真菌活性,并且可用作抗真菌剂或杀真菌剂用于各种基质和各种应用中。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种控制或预防植物被真菌侵染的方法,其中将杀真菌有效量的环噻唑霉素C施用于这些植物、其部分或其场所。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了一种包含杀真菌有效量的环噻唑霉素C的农用化学组合物。这种农用化学组合物可以进一步包含农用化学上可接受的稀释剂或载体。
根据本发明的第三方面,提供了一种控制或预防植物被真菌侵染的方法,其中将杀真菌有效量的包含环噻唑霉素C的农用化学组合物施用于这些植物、其部分或其场所。
根据本发明的第四方面,提供了环噻唑霉素C作为杀真菌剂的用途。根据本发明的这个特定方面,该用途可以不包括通过手术或疗法来治疗人体或动物体的方法。
环噻唑霉素C可以如WO 2015191789中所披露的来获得。特别地,它由NRRL菌株WC-3908产生并且可以如WO 2015191789的第[0178]段中所述进行分离。菌株WC-3908可通过ARS培养物保藏中心(ARS Culture Collection)(NRRL),1815N,大学街,伊利诺伊州皮奥里亚市,61604公开获得的。
环噻唑霉素C可以在农业部门和相关使用领域中用作例如用于控制真菌植物有害生物的活性成分,或者用在非生命材料上以控制腐败真菌或对人潜在有害的真菌。环噻唑霉素C在低施用比率下具有出人意料的活性并且被植物良好地耐受。它有非常有用的治疗性的和预防性的特性并且可以用于保护宽范围的栽培植株。环噻唑霉素C可以用于抑制或破坏在不同的有用植物作物的植物或植物部分(果实、花、叶子、茎、块茎、根)上出现的真菌,而同时还保护后来生长的那些植物部分。
本发明进一步涉及一种用于通过处理植物或植物繁殖材料和/或收获的粮食作物来控制或预防易受真菌侵袭的植物或植物繁殖材料和/或收获的粮食作物被侵染的方法,其中将杀真菌有效量的环噻唑霉素C施用于这些植物、其部分或其场所。
还能更广泛地使用环噻唑霉素C作为杀真菌剂。如本文使用的,术语“杀真菌剂”意指控制、改变或预防真菌生长的化合物。术语“杀真菌有效量”在使用时意指能够对真菌生长产生影响的这样一种化合物或这样的化合物的组合的量。控制或改变的影响包括所有从自然发育的偏离,如杀死、阻滞等,并且预防包括在植物内或植物上形成屏障或其他防御以预防真菌感染。
还可以能够使用环噻唑霉素C作为用于处理植物繁殖材料(例如,种子,如果实、块茎或谷粒,或植物插条)的拌种剂,用于保护对抗真菌感染连同对抗土壤里存在的植物病原性真菌。可以在种植前用包含环噻唑霉素C的组合物处理繁殖材料:例如可以在播种前拌种。还可以通过在液体配制品中浸渍种子或通过用固体配制品对它们进行包衣,将环噻唑霉素C施用至谷粒(包衣)。还可以在种植繁殖材料时,将组合物施用至种植位点,例如在播种期间施用至种子的犁沟。本发明还涉及处理植物繁殖材料的此类方法,并且涉及如此处理的植物繁殖材料。
此外,环噻唑霉素C可以在相关领域中用于控制真菌,例如用于工业材料(包括木材以及与木材相关的工业产品)保护、食品储存、药物应用、兽医应用和卫生管理。
此外,本发明可以用于保护非生命材料(例如木料、墙板、墙纸和涂料)免受真菌侵袭。
在农业和其他领域中需要控制的重要真菌的实例是:
白锈菌(Albugo candida)、链格孢属物种(Alternaria spp.);交链格孢菌(Alternaria alternate)、芸苔链格孢菌(Alternaria brassicae)、甘蓝链格孢菌(Alternaria brassicicola)、茄链格孢菌(Alternaria solani)、西红柿链格孢菌(Alternaria tomatophila)、丝囊霉属物种(Aphanomyces spp.);螺壳状丝囊霉(Aphanomyces cochlioides)、根腐丝囊霉(Aphanomyces euteiches)、壳二孢属物种(Ascochyta spp.);豌豆壳二胞菌(Ascochyta pisi)、曲霉菌属物种(Aspergillus spp.);碳黑曲霉(Aspergillus carbonarius);黄曲霉菌(Aspergillus flavus)、黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus niger)、白粉病菌属物种(Blumeria spp.);禾本科布氏白粉病菌大麦专化型(Blumeria graminis f.sp.herdei)、禾本科布氏白粉病菌小麦专化型(Blumeriagraminis f.sp.tritici)、樱桃叶斑病菌(Blumeriella jaapii)、葡萄座腔菌属物种(Botryosphaeria spp.);疖葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、树花地衣葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria obtusa)、葡萄孢属物种(Botrytis spp);灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytiscinerea)、莴苣霜霉菌(Bremia lactucae)、大豆茎褐腐病菌(Cadophora gregata)、长喙壳属物种(Ceratocystis spp.);甘薯长喙壳(Ceratocystis fimbriata)、尾孢菌属物种(Cercospora spp.);甜菜尾孢菌(Cercospora beticola)、菊池尾孢菌(Cercosporakikuchii)、大豆尾孢菌(Cercospora sojina)、玉米灰斑病菌(Cercospora zeae-maydis)、枝孢霉属物种(Cladosporium spp);瓜枝孢菌(Cladosporium cucumerinum)、币斑病菌(Clarireedia homoeocarpa)、麦角菌(Claviceps purpurea)、旋孢腔菌属物种(Cochliobolus spp);炭色旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus carbonum)、异旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus heterostrophus)、月状旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus lunatus)、宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus)、禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus)、炭疽菌属物种(Colletotrichum spp);辣椒炭疽菌(Colletotrichum capsici)、可可炭疽菌(Colletotrichum coccodes)、黑线炭疽菌(Colletotrichum dematium)、胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)、禾生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum graminicola)、菜豆炭疽菌(Colletotrichum lindemuthianum)、香蕉炭疽菌(Colletotrichum musae)、西瓜炭疽菌(Colletotrichum orbiculare)、大豆炭疽菌(Colletotrichum truncatum)、多主棒孢菌(Corynespora cassiicola)、间座壳属物种(Diaporthe spp);向日葵间座壳(Diaporthehelianthi)、大豆间座壳(Diaporthe longicolla)、新葡萄间座壳(Diaportheneoviticola)、大豆间座壳(Diaporthe sojae)、亚隔孢壳属物种(Didymella spp);内脐蠕孢属物种(Drechslera spp);大内脐蠕孢(Drechslera gigantea)、痂囊腔菌属物种(Elsinoe spp);大豆痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe glycines)、棉假囊酵母菌(Eremotheciumgossypii)、白粉菌属物种(Erysiphe spp);油菜白粉菌(Erysiphe cruciferarum)、弥散白粉菌(Erysiphe diffusa)、白粉菌(Erysiphe necator)、葡萄顶枯病菌(Eutypa lata)、镰刀菌属物种(Fusarium spp);黄色镰刀菌(Fusarium culmorum)、朗氏镰刀菌(Fusariumlangsethiae)、尖孢镰刀菌大豆专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.glycines)、尖孢镰刀菌棉花专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum)、尖孢镰刀菌甜菜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.betae)、尖孢镰刀菌香蕉专化型(Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.cubense)、尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici)、梨孢镰刀菌(Fusarium poae)、层生镰刀菌(Fusarium proliferatum)、甘蔗镰刀菌(Fusariumsacchari)、拟枝孢镰刀菌(Fusarium sporotrichioides)、三线镰刀菌(Fusariumtricinctum)、杆状镰刀菌(Fusarium virguliforme)、禾顶囊壳菌(Gaeumannomycesgraminis)、赤霉菌属物种(Gibberella spp);燕麦赤霉菌(Gibberella avenacea)、藤仓赤霉菌(Gibberella fujikuroi)、藤仓赤霉亚黏团变种(Gibberella fujikuroivar.subglutinans)、错综赤霉菌(Gibberella intricans)、串珠状赤霉菌(Gibberellamoniliformis)、玉米赤霉菌(Gibberella zeae)、菊科高氏白粉菌(Golovinomycescichoracearum)、桧胶锈菌(Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae)、长蠕孢属物种(Helminthosporium spp);茄长蠕孢(Helminthosporium solani)、驼孢锈菌属物种(Hemileia spp);咖啡驼孢锈菌(Hemileia vastatrix)、寄生霜霉菌(Hyaloperonosporaparasitica)、玉米球梗孢菌(Kabatiella zeae)、黑麦草赤丝病菌(Laetisariafuciformis)、伦德伯格粘束孢菌(Leptographium lundbergii)、鞑靼内丝白粉菌(Leveillula taurica)、扰乱散斑壳(Lophodermium seditiosum)、大型微座孢(Microdochium majus)、链核盘菌属物种(Monilinia spp);美澳型核果链核盘菌(Monilinia fructicola)、明梭孢属物种(Monographella spp);稻云形病菌(Monographella albescens)、雪腐明梭孢(Monographella nivalis)、球腔菌属物种(Mycosphaerella spp);落花生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella arachidis)、网孢球腔菌(Mycosphaerella areola)、伯克利球腔菌(Mycosphaerella berkeleyi)、苹果黑点病菌(Mycosphaerella pomi)、稻双曲孢(Nakataea oryzae)、新假小尾孢属物种(Neopseudocercosporella spp);白菜新假小尾孢(Neopseudocercosporellabrassicae)、芥新假小尾孢(Neopseudocercosporella capsellae)、小麦基腐病菌(Oculimacula yallundae)、蛇口壳属物种(Ophiostoma spp);冷杉蛇口壳(Ophiostomapiceae)、榆蛇口壳(Ophiostoma ulmi)、小麦颖枯病菌(Parastagonospora nodorum)、青霉菌属物种(Penicillium spp);指状青霉菌(Penicillium digitatum)、扩展青霉菌(Penicillium expansum)、意大利青霉菌(Penicillium italicum)、指霜霉属物种(Peronosclerospora spp);玉米指霜霉(Peronosclerospora maydis)、菲律宾指霜霉(Peronosclerospora philippinensis)、高梁指霜霉(Peronosclerospora sorghi)、霜霉属物种(Peronospora spp);大葱霜霉(Peronospora destructor)、东北霜霉(Peronosporamanshurica)、豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi)、火木层孔菌(Phellinusigniarius)、瓶霉属物种(Phialophora spp);牛眼果腐病原菌(Phlyctema vagabunda)、茎点霉属物种(Phoma spp);黑痣菌属物种(Phyllachora spp);仁果黑痣菌(Phyllachorapomigena)、叶点霉菌属物种(Phyllosticta spp);葡萄黑腐病菌(Phyllostictaampelicida)、柑橘叶点霉菌(Phyllosticta citricarpa)、Phyllostictasphaeropsoidea、玉蜀黍节壶菌(Physoderma maydis)、疫霉菌属物种(Phytophthoraspp)、辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici)、肉桂疫霉菌(Phytophthora cinnamomi)、马铃薯疫霉菌(Phytophthora infestans)、大豆疫霉菌(Phytophthora sojae)、甘蓝根肿菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae)、单轴霉属物种(Plasmopara spp);霍尔斯单轴霉(Plasmopara halstedii)、葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola)、基腐菌属物种(Plenodomus spp);油菜基腐菌(Plenodomus biglobosus)、甘蓝基腐菌(Plenodomuslingam)、格孢腔菌属物种(Pleospora spp);枯叶格孢腔菌(Pleospora herbarum)、叉丝单囊壳属物种(Podosphaera spp);蒲公英叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera fusca)、白叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera leucotricha)、斑状叉丝单囊壳(Podosphaera macularis)、斐济假尾孢菌(Pseudocercospora fijiensis)、假霜霉属物种(Pseudoperonospora spp);黄瓜霜霉病菌(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)、葎草假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora humuli)、维管束假盘菌(Pseudopeziza tracheiphila)、番茄棘壳孢(Pseudopyrenochaeta lycopersici)、柄锈菌属物种(Puccinia spp);葱柄锈菌(Puccinia allii)、禾柄锈菌(Puccinia graminis)、向日葵柄锈菌(Puccinia helianthi)、大麦柄锈菌(Puccinia hordei)、屈恩柄锈菌(Puccinia kuehnii)、黑顶柄锈菌(Puccinia melanocephala)、多堆柄锈菌(Pucciniapolysora)、玉米柄锈菌(Puccinia sorghi)、条形柄锈菌(Puccinia striiformis)、小麦叶锈菌(Puccinia triticina)、埋核盘菌属物种(Pyrenopeziza spp);芸苔埋核盘菌(Pyrenopeziza brassicae)、核腔菌属物种(Pyrenophora spp);麦类核腔菌(Pyrenophoragraminea)、圆核腔菌(Pyrenophora teres)、偃麦草核腔菌(Pyrenophora tritici-repentis)、梨孢属物种(Pyricularia spp);禾本科小麦梨孢(Pyricularia graminis-tritici)、稻梨孢(Pyricularia oryzae)、腐霉属物种(Pythium spp);瓜果腐霉(Pythiumaphanidermatum)、林栖腐霉(Pythium sylvaticum)、终极腐霉(Pythium ultimum)、柱隔孢属物种(Ramularia spp);柱隔孢叶斑病菌(Ramularia collo-cygni)、Remotididymelladestructive、丝核菌属物种(Rhizoctonia spp);禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis)、稻丝核菌(Rhizoctonia oryzae)、稻枯斑丝核菌(Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae)、可可丝核菌(Rhizoctonia theobromae)、少根根霉(Rhizopus arrhizus)、喙孢属物种(Rhynchosporium spp);大麦云纹病菌(Rhynchosporium secalis)、稻帚枝霉(Sarocladium oryzae)、苹果斑点裂盾菌(Schizothyrium pomi)、大孢指疫霉(Sclerophthora macrospora)、核盘菌属物种(Sclerotinia spp);核盘菌(Sclerotiniasclerotiorum)、小菌核属物种(Sclerotium spp);壳针孢属物种(Septoria spp);大豆壳针孢(Septoria glycines);番茄壳针孢(Septoria lycopersici);玉米大斑病菌(Setosphaeria turcica);单丝壳菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)、蔓枯菌(Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum)、匍柄霉属物种(Stemphylium spp);茄匍柄霉(Stemphylium solani)、大孢狭壳柱孢(Stenocarpella macrospora)、毛韧革菌(Stereumhirsutum)、瓜亡革菌(Thanatephorus cucumeris)、根串珠霉(Thielaviopsis basicola)、腥黑粉菌属物种(Tilletia spp);小麦光腥黑粉菌(Tilletia laevis)、小麦腥黑粉菌(Tilletia tritici)、异色疣双胞锈菌(Tranzschelia discolour)、木霉属物种(Trichoderma spp);绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)、核瑚菌属物种(Typhula spp);肉孢核瑚菌(Typhula incarnata)、条黑粉菌属物种(Urocystis spp);冰草条黑粉菌(Urocystis agropyri)、秋水仙条黑粉菌(Urocystis colchici)、单孢锈菌属物种(Uromyces spp);疣顶单孢锈菌(Uromyces appendiculatus)、蚕豆单胞锈菌(Uromycesviciae-fabae)、黑粉菌属物种(Ustilago spp);玉蜀黍黑粉菌(Ustilago maydis)、谷类鞭黑粉菌大麦变种(Ustilago segetum var.hordei)、谷类鞭黑粉菌燕麦变种(Ustilagosegetum var.nuda)、谷类鞭黑粉菌小麦变种(Ustilago segetum var.tritici)、黑星菌属物种(Venturia spp);苹果黑星菌(Venturia inaequalis)、梨黑星菌(Venturia pyrina)、轮枝菌属物种(Verticillium spp);大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)、穿孔病菌(Wilsonomyces carpophilus)以及小麦发酵壳针孢(Zymoseptoria tritici)。
其他重要真菌的实例是:伞枝犁头霉(Absidia corymbifera)、烟曲霉菌(Aspergillus fumigatus)、构巢裸孢壳(Emericella nidulans)、土曲霉菌(Aspergillusterreus)、出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidium pullulans)、皮炎芽生菌(Blastomycesdermatitidis)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)、光滑念珠菌(Candida glabrata)、克柔念珠菌(Candida krusei)、葡萄牙念珠菌(Candida lusitaniae)、近平滑念珠菌(Candidaparapsilosis)、热带念珠菌(Candida tropicalis)、粗球孢子菌(Coccidioidesimmitis)、新型线黑粉菌(Filobasidiella neoformans)、絮状表皮癣菌(Epidermophytonfloccosum)、荚膜组织胞浆菌(Ajellomyces capsulatus)、小孢子菌属物种(Microsporumspp)、毛霉属物种(Mucor spp)、副球孢子菌属物种(Paracoccidioides spp)、子囊菌纲皮特里霉属物种(Petriellidium spp)、微小根毛霉(Rhizomucor pusillus)、少根根霉、丝孢菌属物种(Scedosporium spp)、波氏假阿利什霉(Pseudallescheria boydii)、多育赛多孢子菌(Scedosporium prolificans)、孢子丝菌属物种(Sporothrix spp)、毛癣菌属物种(Trichophyton spp)、桂花头束子囊(Cephaloascus fragrans)。
其他植物病原体包括原生生物,例如禾谷多粘菌(Polymyxa graminis)和甜菜多粘菌(Polymyxa betae)。
优选的实例是:白锈菌、交链格孢菌、芸苔链格孢菌、甘蓝链格孢菌、西红柿链格孢菌、丝囊霉属物种;螺壳状丝囊霉(Aphanomyces cochlioides)、根腐丝囊霉(Aphanomyceseuteiches)、壳二孢属物种(Ascochyta spp.);豌豆壳二胞菌、炭黑曲霉菌;黄曲霉菌、禾本科布氏白粉病菌大麦专化型、樱桃叶斑病菌、葡萄座腔菌属物种;疖葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、树花地衣葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria obtusa)、葡萄孢属物种(Botrytis spp);灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)、莴苣霜霉菌(Bremia lactucae)、大豆茎褐腐病菌(Cadophora gregata)、长喙壳属物种(Ceratocystis spp.);甘薯长喙壳、尾孢菌属;甜菜尾孢菌、菊池尾孢菌、大豆尾孢菌、玉米灰斑病菌、枝孢霉属物种;瓜枝孢菌、币斑病菌、麦角菌、旋孢腔菌属物种;炭色旋孢腔菌、异旋孢腔菌、月状旋孢腔菌、宫部旋孢腔菌、禾旋孢腔菌、炭疽菌属物种;辣椒炭疽菌、可可炭疽菌、黑线炭疽菌、胶孢炭疽菌、禾生炭疽菌、菜豆炭疽菌、香蕉炭疽菌、西瓜炭疽菌、大豆炭疽菌、多主棒孢菌、间座壳属物种;向日葵间座壳、大豆间座壳、新葡萄间座壳、大豆间座壳、亚隔孢壳属物种;内脐蠕孢属物种;大内脐蠕孢、痂囊腔菌属物种;大豆痂囊腔菌、棉假囊酵母菌、白粉菌属物种;油菜白粉菌、弥散白粉菌、白粉菌、葡萄顶枯病菌、朗氏镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌大豆专化型、尖孢镰刀菌棉花专化型、尖孢镰刀菌甜菜专化型、尖孢镰刀菌香蕉专化型、尖孢镰刀菌番茄专化型、梨孢镰刀菌、层生镰刀菌、甘蔗镰刀菌、拟枝孢镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌、杆状镰刀菌、禾顶囊壳菌、赤霉菌属物种;燕麦赤霉菌、藤仓赤霉菌、藤仓赤霉亚黏团变种、错综赤霉菌、串珠状赤霉菌、玉米赤霉菌、菊科高氏白粉菌、桧胶锈菌、长蠕孢属物种;茄长蠕孢、驼孢锈菌属物种;咖啡驼孢锈菌、寄生霜霉菌、玉米球梗孢菌、黑麦草赤丝病菌、伦德伯格粘束孢菌、鞑靼内丝白粉菌、扰乱散斑壳、大型微座孢、链核盘菌属物种;美澳型核果链核盘菌、明梭孢属物种;稻云形病菌、雪腐明梭孢、球腔菌属物种;落花生球腔菌、网孢球腔菌、伯克利球腔菌、苹果黑点病菌、稻双曲孢、新假小尾孢属物种;白菜新假小尾孢、芥新假小尾孢、小麦基腐病菌、冷杉蛇口壳、榆蛇口壳、青霉菌属物种;指状青霉菌、扩展青霉菌、意大利青霉菌、指霜霉属物种;玉米指霜霉、菲律宾指霜霉、高梁指霜霉、霜霉属物种;大葱霜霉、东北霜霉、豆薯层锈菌、火木层孔菌、瓶霉属物种;牛眼果腐病原菌、茎点霉属物种;黑痣菌属物种;仁果黑痣菌、叶点霉菌属物种;葡萄黑腐病菌、柑橘叶点霉菌、Phyllosticta sphaeropsoidea、玉蜀黍节壶菌、疫霉菌属物种、辣椒疫霉菌、肉桂疫霉菌、马铃薯疫霉菌、大豆疫霉菌、甘蓝根肿菌、单轴霉属物种;霍尔斯单轴霉、葡萄生单轴霉、基腐菌属物种;油菜基腐菌、甘蓝基腐菌、格孢腔菌属;枯叶格孢腔菌、叉丝单囊壳属物种;蒲公英叉丝单囊壳、白叉丝单囊壳、斑状叉丝单囊壳、斐济假尾孢菌、假霜霉属物种;黄瓜霜霉病菌、葎草假霜霉、维管束假盘菌、番茄棘壳孢、柄锈菌属物种;葱柄锈菌、禾柄锈菌、向日葵柄锈菌、大麦柄锈菌、屈恩柄锈菌、黑顶柄锈菌、多堆柄锈菌、玉米柄锈菌、条形柄锈菌、小麦叶锈菌、埋核盘菌属物种;芸苔埋核盘菌、麦类核腔菌、偃麦草核腔菌、禾本科小麦梨孢、腐霉属物种;瓜果腐霉、林栖腐霉、终极腐霉、柱隔孢属物种;柱隔孢叶斑病菌、Remotididymella destructive、丝核菌属物种;禾谷丝核菌、稻丝核菌、稻枯斑丝核菌、可可丝核菌、少根根霉、喙孢属物;大麦云纹病菌、稻帚枝霉、苹果斑点裂盾菌、大孢指疫霉、小菌核属物种;壳针孢属物种(Septoria spp);大豆壳针孢;番茄壳针孢(Septoria lycopersici);玉米大斑病菌;单丝壳菌、蔓枯菌、匍柄霉属物种;茄匍柄霉、大孢狭壳柱孢、毛韧革菌、根串珠霉、腥黑粉菌属物种;小麦光腥黑粉菌、小麦腥黑粉菌、异色疣双胞锈菌、木霉属物种;绿色木霉、核瑚菌属物种;肉孢核瑚菌、条黑粉菌属物种;冰草条黑粉菌、秋水仙条黑粉菌、单孢锈菌属物种;疣顶单孢锈菌、蚕豆单胞锈菌、黑粉菌属物种;玉蜀黍黑粉菌、谷类鞭黑粉菌大麦变种、谷类鞭黑粉菌燕麦变种、谷类鞭黑粉菌小麦变种、黑星菌属物种;苹果黑星菌、梨黑星菌、轮枝菌属物种;大丽轮枝菌、穿孔病菌、小麦发酵壳针孢、伞枝犁头霉、烟曲霉菌、构巢裸孢壳、土曲霉菌、出芽短梗霉、皮炎芽生菌、白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌、葡萄牙念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌、粗球孢子菌、新型线黑粉菌、絮状表皮癣菌、荚膜组织胞浆菌、小孢子菌属物种、毛霉属物种、副球孢子菌属物种、子囊菌纲皮特里霉属物种、微小根毛霉、少根根霉、丝孢菌属物种、波氏假阿利什霉、多育赛多孢子菌、孢子丝菌属物种、毛癣菌属物种、桂花头束子囊、禾谷多粘菌、甜菜多粘菌。
更优选的真菌的实例是:灰葡萄孢菌、莴苣霜霉菌、甜菜尾孢菌、菊池尾孢菌、大豆尾孢菌、黑线炭疽菌、菜豆炭疽菌、西瓜炭疽菌、大豆炭疽菌、多主棒孢菌、油菜白粉菌、白粉菌、杆状镰刀菌、玉米赤霉菌、菊科高氏白粉菌、大型微座孢、美澳型核果链核盘菌、雪腐明梭孢、落花生球腔菌、大葱霜霉、豆薯层锈菌、辣椒疫霉菌、马铃薯疫霉菌、霍尔斯单轴霉、葡萄生单轴霉、斐济假尾孢菌、黄瓜霜霉病菌、小麦叶锈菌、单丝壳菌、苹果黑星菌以及小麦发酵壳针孢。
还更优选的真菌的实例是:灰葡萄孢菌、菊池尾孢菌、大豆尾孢菌、禾旋孢腔菌、菜豆炭疽菌、西瓜炭疽菌、多主棒孢菌、燕麦镰刀菌、黄色镰刀菌、朗氏镰刀菌、梨孢镰刀菌、拟枝孢镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌、杆状镰刀菌、燕麦赤霉菌、藤仓赤霉菌、玉米赤霉菌、大型微座孢、雪腐明梭孢、落花生球腔菌、豆薯层锈菌、小麦叶锈菌、偃麦草核腔菌、柱隔孢叶斑病菌、大麦云纹病菌、大豆壳针孢、小麦腥黑粉菌、谷类鞭黑粉菌小麦变种、苹果黑星菌、以及小麦发酵壳针孢。
最优选的真菌的实例是:灰葡萄孢菌(也称为富克葡萄孢盘菌(Botryotiniafuckeliana)或灰霉病(Grey Mould))、杆状镰刀菌(也称为茄镰刀菌大豆专化型(Fusariumsolani f.sp.glycines)或大豆猝死综合症病菌)、雪腐明梭孢(也称为雪霉微座孢(Microdochium nivale)或谷物赤霉病(Cereal Head Blight))、落花生球腔菌(也称为落花生尾孢(Cercospora arachidicola)或落花生叶褐斑病(Groundnut Brown LeafSpot))、豆薯层锈菌(也称为亚洲大豆锈病)、小麦叶锈菌(也称为隐匿柄锈菌小麦专化型(Puccinia recondita f.sp.tritici)或小麦褐叶锈病(wheat brown leaf rust))以及小麦发酵壳针孢(也称为小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici)、禾生球腔菌(Mycosphaerellagraminicola)或壳针孢叶疱病(Septoria Leaf Blotch))。
有待保护的目标作物和/或有用植物典型地包括多年生和一年生作物,如浆果植物,例如黑莓、蓝莓、蔓越莓、树莓以及草莓;谷物,例如大麦、玉米(maize,corn)、粟、燕麦、水稻、黑麦、高粱、黑小麦以及小麦;纤维植物,例如棉花、亚麻、大麻、黄麻以及剑麻;大田作物,例如糖甜菜和饲料甜菜、咖啡豆、啤酒花、芥菜、油菜(卡诺拉)、罂粟、甘蔗、向日葵、茶以及烟草;果树,例如苹果、杏、鳄梨、香蕉、樱桃、柑橘、油桃、桃、梨以及李子;草,例如百慕达草、蓝草、本特草、蜈蚣草、牛毛草、黑麦草、圣奥古斯丁草以及结缕草;药草,如罗勒、琉璃苣、细香葱、胡荽、薰衣草、独活草、薄荷、牛至、荷兰芹、迷迭香、鼠尾草以及百里香;豆类,例如菜豆、小扁豆、豌豆以及大豆;坚果,例如杏仁、腰果、落花生、榛子、花生、山核桃、开心果以及核桃;棕榈植物,例如油棕榈;观赏植物,例如花、灌木以及树;其他树木,例如可可树、椰子树、橄榄树以及橡胶树;蔬菜,例如芦笋、茄子、西兰花、卷心菜、胡萝卜、黄瓜、大蒜、莴苣、西葫芦、甜瓜、秋葵、洋葱、胡椒、马铃薯、南瓜、大黄、菠菜以及番茄;和葡萄藤,例如葡萄。
术语“有用植物”应当理解为还包括由于常规育种方法或基因工程致使其对除草剂(像溴草腈)或除草剂类(例如像HPPD抑制剂、ALS抑制剂,例如氟嘧磺隆、氟丙磺隆和三氟啶磺隆、EPSPS(5-烯醇-丙酮-莽草酸-3-磷酸-合成酶)抑制剂、GS(谷氨酰胺合成酶)抑制剂或PPO(原卟啉原氧化酶)抑制剂)耐受的有用植物。已经通过常规育种方法(诱变)致使对咪唑啉酮(例如甲氧咪草烟)耐受的作物的实例是夏季油菜(卡诺拉)。已经通过基因工程方法致使对除草剂或除草剂类耐受的作物的实例包括草甘膦和草铵膦抗性玉米品种,它们是以/>和/>商标名可商购的。
术语“有用植物”应当理解为还包括已经通过使用重组DNA技术而被这样转化使其能够合成一种或多种选择性作用毒素的有用植物,这些毒素是如已知例如来自于产毒素细菌,尤其是芽孢杆菌属的那些细菌。
此类植物的实例是:(玉米品种,表达CryIA(b)毒素);YieldGard(玉米品种,表达CryIIIB(b1)毒素);YieldGard/>(玉米品种,表达CryIA(b)和CryIIIB(b1)毒素);/>(玉米品种,表达Cry9(c)毒素);(玉米品种,表达CryIF(a2)毒素和获得对除草剂草铵膦铵盐耐受性的酶膦丝菌素N-乙酰基转移酶(PAT));/>(棉花品种,表达CryIA(c)毒素);(棉花品种,表达CryIA(c)毒素);/>(棉花品种,表达CryIA(c)和CryIIA(b)毒素);/>(棉花品种,表达VIP毒素);/>(马铃薯品种,表达CryIIIA毒素);/>GT Advantage(GA21耐草甘膦性状)、/>CB Advantage(Bt11玉米螟(CB)性状)、/>RW(玉米根虫性状)以及/>
术语“作物”应当理解为还包括已经通过使用重组DNA技术而被这样转化使其能够合成一种或多种选择性作用毒素的作物植物,这些毒素是如已知例如来自于产毒素细菌,尤其是芽孢杆菌属的那些细菌。
可由此类转基因植物表达的毒素包括例如,来自蜡样芽孢杆菌或日本金龟子芽孢杆菌的杀昆虫蛋白;或者来自苏云金芽孢杆菌的杀虫蛋白,如δ-内毒素,例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C,或者营养期杀虫蛋白(Vip),例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A;或细菌定植线虫的杀昆虫蛋白,例如光杆状菌属物种(Photorhabdus spp.)或致病杆菌属物种(Xenorhabdus spp.),诸如发光杆菌(Photorhabdus luminescens)、嗜线虫致病杆菌(Xenorhabdus nematophilus);由动物产生的毒素,诸如蝎毒素、蛛毒素、蜂毒素和其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;由真菌产生的毒素,如植物凝集素,如豌豆凝集素、大麦凝集素或雪花莲凝集素;凝集素(agglutinin);蛋白酶抑制剂,诸如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、丝蛋白酶抑制剂、马铃薯糖蛋白、胱抑素、木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP),诸如蓖麻毒素、玉蜀黍-RIP、相思豆毒素、丝瓜籽毒蛋白、皂草毒素蛋白或异株泻根毒蛋白;类固醇代谢酶,如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕化类固醇-UDP-糖基-转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕化素抑制剂、HMG-COA-还原酶、离子通道阻断剂诸如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂、保幼激素酯酶、利尿激素受体、芪合酶、联苄合酶、几丁质酶和葡聚糖酶。
进一步地,在本发明的背景下,δ-内毒素(例如Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1F、Cry1Fa2、Cry2Ab、Cry3A、Cry3Bb1或Cry9C)或营养期杀虫蛋白(Vip)(例如Vip1、Vip2、Vip3或Vip3A)应理解为显然还包括混合型毒素、截短的毒素和经修饰的毒素。混合型毒素是通过那些蛋白的不同结构域的新组合重组产生的(参见例如,WO 02/15701)。截短的毒素,例如截短的Cry1Ab是已知的。在经修饰的毒素的情况下,天然存在的毒素的一个或多个氨基酸被置换。在这种氨基酸置换中,优选将非天然存在的蛋白酶识别序列插入毒素中,例如像在Cry3A055的情况下,一种组织蛋白酶-G-识别序列被插入Cry3A毒素中(参见WO 03/018810)。
此类毒素或能够合成此类毒素的转基因植物的实例披露于例如EP-A-0 374 753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 427 529、EP-A-451 878以及WO 03/052073中。
用于制备这样的转基因植物的方法通常是本领域技术人员已知的并且描述在例如以上提及的公开物中。CryI型脱氧核糖核酸及其制备例如从WO 95/34656、EP-A-0 367474、EP-A-0 401 979和WO 90/13651中已知。
包括在转基因植物中的毒素使得植物对有害昆虫有耐受性。此类昆虫可以存在于任何昆虫分类群,但尤其常见于甲虫(鞘翅目)、双翅昆虫(双翅目)和蛾(鳞翅目)。
包含一种或多种编码杀昆虫剂抗性并且表达一种或多种毒素的基因的转基因植物是已知的并且其中一些是可商购的。此类植物的实例是:(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab毒素);YieldGard/>(玉米品种,表达Cry3Bb1毒素);YieldGard(玉米品种,表达Cry1Ab和Cry3Bb1毒素);/>(玉米品种,表达Cry9C毒素);/>(玉米品种,表达Cry1Fa2毒素和获得对除草剂草铵膦按盐耐药性的酶膦丝菌素N-乙酰基转移酶(PAT));/>(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素); (棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac毒素);/>(棉花品种,表达Cry1Ac和Cry2Ab毒素);/>(棉花品种,表达Vip3A和Cry1Ab毒素);/>(马铃薯品种,表达Cry3A毒素);/> GT Advantage(GA21耐草甘膦性状)、/>CB Advantage(Bt11玉米螟(CB)性状)以及/>
此类转基因作物的其他实例是来自先正达公司(Syngenta)的Bt11玉米、来自先正达公司的Bt176玉米、来自先正达公司的MIR604玉米、来自孟山都公司(Monsanto)的MON863玉米、来自孟山都公司的IPC 531棉花、来自先锋公司(Pioneer)的1507玉米、来自孟山都公司的NK603×MON 810玉米。
环噻唑霉素C还可以用于例如草坪,观赏植物如花卉、灌木、阔叶树木或常绿植物,例如松柏类,以及树木注入、有害生物管理等。
可以使用环噻唑霉素C的优选作物包括大豆和谷物,特别是小麦。
如本文使用的,术语“场所”意指植物在其中或其上生长的地方,或栽培植物的种子被播种的地方,或者种子将要被置于土壤中的地方。它包括土壤、种子以及幼苗,连同建立的植被。
术语“植物”是指植物的所有有形部分,包括种子、幼苗、幼树、根、块茎、茎、秆、叶子和果实。
术语“植物繁殖材料”应理解为表示植物的生殖部分,如种子(其可以用于植物的繁殖),以及营养性材料,如插条或块茎(例如马铃薯)。可以提及例如种子(在严格意义上)、根、果实、块茎、球茎、根茎以及植物的部分。还可以提及在发芽后或在出苗后将被移植的发芽植物和幼小植物。这些幼小植物可以通过浸渍进行完全或部分处理而在移植之前进行保护。优选地,“植物繁殖材料”应理解为表示种子。
环噻唑霉素C可以未修饰的形式使用,或者优选地,连同配制品领域中常规使用的辅助剂一起使用。为此目的,它可以按已知方式便利地配制为可乳化浓缩物、可包衣的糊剂、直接可喷雾的或可稀释的溶液或悬浮液、稀释乳液、可湿性粉剂、可溶性粉剂、尘粉剂、颗粒剂以及还有胶囊(例如在聚合物质中)。对于组合物的类型,根据预期目的以及当时环境来选择施用方法,如喷雾、雾化、撒粉、撒播、涂抹或浇灌。组合物还可以含有另外的辅助剂,如稳定剂、消泡剂、粘度调节剂、粘合剂或增粘剂,连同肥料、微量营养素供体或其他用于获得特殊效果的配制品。
此外,当从微生物中获得环噻霉素C时,它可以如WO2015191789中所述从这样的微生物中分离。可替代地,在微生物生长的培养基中可能存在显著量的环噻唑霉素C,在这种情况下,可以使用培养基或肉汤配制杀真菌组合物。作为另外的替代物,微生物本身可用于配制组合物。在这种情况下,可以将微生物配制成积极产生环噻唑霉素C的活细胞,或者它可以被灭活,例如通过热处理。如果需要,可以通过离心机或其他常规技术浓缩微生物。
合适的载体以及辅助剂,例如对于农业用途,可以是固体或液体的并且是在配制品技术中有用的物质,例如天然或再生的矿物物质,溶剂、分散体、湿润剂、增粘剂、增稠剂、粘合剂或肥料类。此类载体例如描述在WO 97/33890中。
悬浮液浓缩物是活性化合物的精细分散的固体颗粒悬浮于其中的水性配制品。此类配制品包括抗沉降剂和分散剂,并且可以进一步包括湿润剂以增强活性,以及消泡剂和晶体生长抑制剂。在使用时,将这些浓缩物稀释在水中,并且通常作为喷雾剂施用至有待处理的区域。活性成分的量的范围可以是从该浓缩物的0.5%至95%。
可湿性粉剂是呈在水中或其他液态载体中容易分散的精细分散的颗粒形式。这些颗粒含有保留在固体基质中的活性成分。典型的固体基质包括漂白土、高岭土、硅石和其他容易湿化的有机或无机固体。可湿性粉剂通常含有从5%到95%的活性成分加上少量的润湿剂、分散剂或乳化剂。
可乳化浓缩物是在水中或其他液体中可分散的均匀的液体组合物并且可以完全由活性化合物与液体或固体乳化剂组成,或者还可以含有液态载体,如二甲苯、重芳烃石脑油、异佛尔酮和其他不挥发有机溶剂。在使用时,将这些浓缩物分散在水中或其他液体中,并且通常作为喷雾剂施用至有待处理的区域。活性成分的量的范围可以是从该浓缩物的0.5%至95%。
颗粒配制品包括挤出物和较粗颗粒两者,并且通常不用稀释地施用至需要处理的区域。用于颗粒配制品的典型载体包括砂、漂白土、凹凸棒石粘土、膨润土、蒙脱土、蛭石、珍珠岩、碳酸钙、砖、浮石、叶蜡石、高岭土、白云石、灰泥、木粉、碎玉米穗轴、碎花生壳、糖、氯化钠、硫酸钠、硅酸钠、硼酸钠、氧化镁、云母、氧化铁、氧化锌、氧化钛、氧化锑、冰晶石、石膏、硅藻土、硫酸钙以及其他有机或无机的吸收活性化合物或可被活性化合物包衣的材料。颗粒配制品通常含有5%至25%的活性成分,这些活性成分可包括表面活性剂如重芳烃石脑油、煤油和其他石油馏分,或植物油;和/或粘着剂如糊精、胶或合成树脂。
尘粉剂是活性成分与精细分散的固体(如滑石、粘土、面粉以及其他有机与无机的作为分散剂和载体的固体)的自由流动的混合物。
微囊典型地是包裹在惰性多孔壳内的活性成分的微滴或颗粒,该惰性多孔壳允许以可控的速率让包住的材料逃逸到环境中。包囊的微滴的直径典型地为1至50微米。包裹的液体典型地占胶囊的重量的50%至95%并且除了活性化合物外还可以包括溶剂。包囊的颗粒通常是多孔颗粒,其中多孔膜将颗粒孔口密封,将活性物种以液体形式保留在颗粒孔内部。颗粒的直径的范围典型地是从1毫米至1厘米并且优选地1毫米至2毫米。颗粒通过挤出、凝聚或成球形成,或者是天然存在的。此类材料的实例是蛭石、烧结粘土、高岭土、凹凸棒石粘土、锯屑和碳精粒。壳或膜材料包括天然和合成橡胶、纤维材料、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚脲、聚氨酯和淀粉黄原酸酯。
用于农用化学应用的其他有用配制品包括活性成分在溶剂(如丙酮、烷基化萘、二甲苯和其他有机溶剂)中的简单溶液,在该溶剂中活性成分以所希望的浓度完全溶解。也可以使用加压的喷雾剂,其中由于低沸点分散剂溶剂载体的蒸发活性成分以精细分散的形式分散。
在上述配制品类型中对于配制本发明的组合物有用的合适的农业辅助剂和载体是本领域技术人员熟知的。
可以利用的液态载体包括例如水、甲苯、二甲苯、石脑油、作物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、乙酸酐、乙腈、乙酰苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、氯苯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、对二乙基苯、二甘醇、松香酸二甘醇酯、二甘醇丁醚、二甘醇乙醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜、1,4-二噁烷、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲醚、二丙二醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇(diproxitol)、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸亚乙酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-苧烯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁醚、乙二醇甲醚、γ-丁内酯、甘油、甘油二乙酸酯、甘油一乙酸酯、甘油三乙酸酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊酯、乙酸异冰片酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、异丙苯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异丙叉丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、间二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八酸、乙酸辛胺酯、油酸、油胺、邻二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇(PEG400)、丙酸、丙二醇、丙二醇单甲醚、对二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三甘醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蜡、矿物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、以及更高分子量的醇(如戊醇、四氢糠醇、己醇、辛醇等)、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油以及N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。水通常是用以稀释浓缩物的选用载剂。
合适的固体载体包括例如滑石、二氧化钛、叶腊石粘土、硅石、凹凸棒石粘土、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、白垩、硅藻土(diatomaxeous earth)、石灰、碳酸钙、膨润土、漂白土、棉子壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、核桃壳粉以及木质素。
在所述液体和固体组合物中可有利地采用广泛的表面活性剂,尤其是被设计为可在施用前用载体稀释的那些。这些试剂在使用时通常按重量计组成配制品的从0.1%到15%。它们在性质上可以是阴离子的、阳离子的、非离子的或聚合的并且可以作为乳化剂、润湿剂、悬浮剂或以其他目的采用。典型的表面活性剂包括烷基硫酸盐如月桂基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基酚-氧化烯加成产物,如壬基酚-C18乙氧基化物;醇-氧化烯加成产物,如十三烷醇-C16乙氧基化物;皂,如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸盐,如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸二烷基酯的盐,如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季胺,如月桂基三甲基氯化铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及磷酸单和二烷基酯的盐。
通常在农业组合物中使用的其他辅助剂包括结晶抑制剂、粘度调节剂、悬浮剂、喷雾液滴调节剂、颜料、抗氧化剂、发泡剂、防泡剂、遮光剂、相容性试剂、消泡剂、掩蔽剂、中和剂和缓冲剂、腐蚀抑制剂、染料、增味剂、铺展剂、渗透助剂、微量营养素、柔润剂、润滑剂以及固着剂。
此外,进一步地,其他杀生物的活性成分或组合物可以与本发明的组合物组合,并且用于本发明的方法中并且与本发明的组合物同时地或顺序地施用。当同时施用时,这些另外的活性成分可以连同本发明的组合物一起配制或混合于例如喷雾罐中。这些另外的杀生物的活性成分可以是杀真菌剂、除草剂、杀昆虫剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂和/或植物生长调节剂。
本文提及的使用其俗名的杀有害生物剂是,例如,从“The Pesticide Manual[杀有害生物剂手册]”,第15版,英国作物保护委员会(British Crop Protection Council)2009已知的。
此外,本发明的组合物还可以与一种或多种系统获得性抗性诱导剂(“SAR”诱导剂)一起施用。SAR诱导剂是已知的并且描述于例如美国专利号US 6,919,298中,并且包括例如水杨酸盐以及商用的SAR诱导剂阿拉酸式苯-S-甲基。
环噻唑霉素C通常以农用化学组合物的形式使用并且可以与另外的化合物同时地或顺序地施用至作物区域或有待处理的植物。例如,这些另外的化合物可以是影响植物生长的肥料或微量营养素供体或其他制剂。它们还可以是选择性除草剂或非选择性除草剂,连同杀昆虫剂、杀真菌剂、杀细菌剂、杀线虫剂、杀软体动物剂或这些制剂中的若干种的混合物,如果希望的话连同配制品领域中通常使用的另外的载体、表面活性剂或促进施用的辅助剂一起。
环噻唑霉素C可以以(杀真菌的)组合物的形式用于控制或保护对抗植物病原性微生物,这些组合物包含作为活性成分的环噻唑霉素C和至少一种上述辅助剂。
因此,本发明提供了一种组合物,优选杀真菌组合物,其包含环噻唑霉素C、农业上可接受的载体和任选地辅助剂。农业上可接受的载体是例如适合农业用途的载体。农业载体在本领域是熟知的。优选地,除了包含环噻唑霉素C,所述组合物可以包含至少一种或多种杀有害生物活性化合物,例如另外的杀真菌活性成分。
根据本发明的组合物还可以包含其他固体或液体辅助剂,如稳定剂,例如未环氧化的或环氧化的植物油(例如环氧化的椰子油、菜籽油或大豆油),消泡剂(例如硅酮油),防腐剂,粘度调节剂,粘合剂和/或增粘剂,肥料或其他用于获得特定效果的活性成分,例如杀细菌剂、杀真菌剂、杀线虫剂、植物活化剂、杀软体动物剂或除草剂。
根据本发明的组合物是以本身已知的方式,在不存在辅助剂的情况下,例如通过研磨、筛选和/或压缩固体活性成分;和在至少一种辅助剂的存在下,例如通过紧密混合活性成分与一种或多种辅助剂和/或将活性成分与一种或多种辅助剂一起研磨来制备。用于制备组合物的这些方法和用于制备这些组合物的化合物(I)的用途也是本发明的主题。
本发明的另一个方面涉及包含环噻唑霉素C的组合物、或包含环噻唑霉素C(与如上所述的其他杀真菌剂或杀昆虫剂混合)的杀真菌或杀昆虫混合物用于控制或预防植物(例如有用植物(如作物植物))、其繁殖材料(例如种子)、收获的作物(例如收获的粮食作物)、或非生命材料被昆虫或植物病原性微生物(优选真菌有机体)侵染的用途。
本发明的另一方面涉及一种控制或预防植物(例如有用植物(如作物植物))、其繁殖材料(例如种子)、收获的作物(例如收获的粮食作物)、或非生命材料被昆虫或植物病原性或腐败微生物或对人潜在有害的有机体(尤其是真菌有机体)侵染的方法,该方法包括将环噻唑霉素C作为活性成分施用至这些植物、这些植物的部分或其场所、其繁殖材料、或这些非生命材料的任何部分。
控制或预防意指被植物病原性或腐败微生物或对人潜在有害的有机体(尤其是真菌有机体)的侵染减少至这样一个被证明改进的水平。
控制或预防作物植物被植物病原性微生物(尤其是真菌生物体)或昆虫侵染的优选的方法是叶面施用,该方法包括施用具有式(I)的化合物、或含有至少一种所述化合物的农用化学组合物。施用频率和施用比率将取决于受相应的病原体侵染的风险。然而,具有式(I)的化合物还可以通过用液体配制品湿透植物的场所或者通过将处于固体形式的化合物例如以颗粒形式施用至土壤(土壤施用)而经由土壤通过根渗透植物。在水稻作物中,可以将此类颗粒施用到灌水的稻田中。具有式(I)的化合物也可以通过以下方式施用于种子(包衣):将种子或块茎用杀真菌剂的液体配制品浸渍,或用固体配制品对它们包衣。
配制品(例如含有具有式(I)的化合物、以及(如果希望的话)固体或液体辅助剂或用于包囊具有式(I)的化合物的单体的组合物)可以按已知方式制备,典型地通过将化合物与增充剂(例如溶剂、固体载体以及任选地表面活性化合物(表面活性剂))进行密切地混合和/或研磨。
有利的施用比率通常是从5g至6kg的活性成分(a.i.)/公顷(ha),优选从10g至1kga.i./ha,最优选从20g至600g a.i./ha。当作为种子浸泡试剂使用时,适当的剂量是从10mg至1g活性物质/kg种子。
当本发明的组合用于处理种子时,0.001至50g环噻唑霉素C/kg种子、优选从0.01至10g/kg种子的比率总体上是足够的。
适当地,预防性(意指在病害发展之前)或治疗性(意指在病害发展之后)施用根据本发明的包含环噻唑霉素C的组合物。
本发明的组合物能以任何常规形式使用,例如,以双包装、干种子处理用的粉剂(DS)、种子处理用的乳液(ES)、种子处理用的可流动浓缩物(FS)、种子处理用的溶液(LS)、种子处理用的水分散性粉剂(WS)、种子处理用的胶囊悬浮液(CF)、种子处理用的凝胶(GF)、乳液浓缩物(EC)、悬浮液浓缩物(SC)、悬浮乳液(SE)、胶囊悬浮液(CS)、水分散性颗粒(WG)、可乳化性颗粒(EG)、油包水型乳液(EO)、水包油型乳液(EW)、微乳液(ME)、油分散剂(OD)、油悬剂(OF)、油溶性液剂(OL)、可溶性浓缩物(SL)、超低容量悬浮剂(SU)、超低容量液剂(UL)、母药(TK)、可分散性浓缩物(DC)、可湿性粉剂(WP)或与农业上可接受的辅助剂组合的任何技术上可行的配制品的形式。
能以常规方式生产此类组合物,例如通过混合活性成分与适当的配制品惰性剂(稀释剂、溶剂、填充剂及任选地其他配制成分,如表面活性剂、杀生物剂、防冻剂、粘着剂、增稠剂及提供辅助效果的化合物)。还可以使用旨在长期持续效力的常规缓释配制品。特别地,有待以喷雾形式(如水分散性浓缩物(例如EC、SC、DC、OD、SE、EW、EO等)、可湿性粉剂及颗粒)施用的配制品可以含有表面活性剂(如润湿剂和分散剂)及提供辅佐效果的其他化合物,例如甲醛与萘磺酸盐、烷基芳基磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、脂肪烷基硫酸盐及乙氧基化烷基酚和乙氧基化脂肪醇的缩合产物。
使用本发明的组合及稀释剂,以适合的拌种配制品形式,例如具有对种子的良好粘着性的水性悬浮液或干粉剂形式,用本身已知的方式将拌种配制品施用至种子。此类拌种配制品在本领域是已知的。拌种配制品可以含有包囊形式的单一活性成分或活性成分的组合,例如作为缓释胶囊或微胶囊。
通常,这些配制品包含按重量计从0.01%至90%的活性剂、从0至20%的农业上可接受的表面活性剂及10%至99.99%的固体或液体配制惰性剂和一种或多种辅助剂,环噻唑霉素C任选地连同其他活性剂(特别是杀微生物剂或防腐剂等)一起。组合物的浓缩形式通常含有按重量计在约2%与80%之间、优选在约5%与70%之间的活性剂。配制品的施用形式可以例如含有按重量计从0.01%至20%、优选按重量计从0.01%至5%的活性剂。然而商用的产品将优选地被配制为浓缩物,最终使用者将通常使用稀释的配制品。
本发明的另一个方面涉及环噻唑霉素C作为食品、饲料、饮料或化妆品中的抗真菌剂的用途。优选地,其中食品产品是水果和水果衍生产品、蔬菜和蔬菜衍生产品、谷物和谷物衍生产品、乳制品、肉类、家禽和海鲜以及它们的混合物。优选地,其中食品选自乳制品或烘焙产品。优选地,乳制品是发酵乳制品,如酸奶或奶酪。更优选地,其中乳制品选自由以下组成的组:酸奶、低脂酸奶、脱脂酸奶、克非尔、达喜、欧默、酪乳、黄油、酸奶油、酸的掼奶油、新鲜奶酪、未成熟奶酪或凝乳奶酪和成熟奶酪。优选地,本发明涉及环噻唑霉素C作为抗真菌剂的用途,其中真菌选自由以下组成的组:曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)、青霉菌属(Penicillium)、枝孢霉属(Cladosporium)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、散囊菌属(Eurotium)、拟青霉属(Paecilomyces)、酵母属(Saccharomyces)、接合酵母属(Zygosaccharomyces)、德巴利氏酵母属(Debaryomyces)、念珠菌属(Candida)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium)、链格孢菌属(Alternaria)和毛霉属(Mucor)。更优选地,本发明涉及环噻唑霉素C在烘焙产品中作为抗真菌剂的用途,其中真菌选自由以下组成的组:黑曲霉菌、烟曲霉菌、黄曲霉菌、赤散囊菌(Eurotium rubrum)、宛氏拟青霉菌(Paecilomyces variotii)、洛克菲特青霉菌(Penicillium roqueforti)。
更优选地,本发明涉及环噻唑霉素C在饮料中作为抗真菌剂的用途,其中真菌选自由以下组成的组:黑曲霉菌、酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和拜耳接合酵母(Zygosaccharomyces bailii)。
更优选地,本发明涉及环噻唑霉素C在如上所定义的乳制品中作为抗真菌剂的用途,其中真菌选自由以下组成的组:马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)、解脂耶罗维亚酵母(Yarrowia lipolytica)、纳地青霉菌(Penicillium nalgiovense)、枝孢霉属亚种(Cladosporium ssp.)、普通青霉菌(Penicillium commune)、毛霉属种(Mucorssp.)、短密青霉菌(Penicillium brevicompactum)、杂色曲霉菌(Aspergillusversicolor)、皮落青霉菌(Penicillium crustosum)、乳酸克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyceslactis),更优选地,其中真菌是洛克菲特青霉菌或者是汉逊德巴利酵母(Debaryomyceshansenii)。
环噻唑霉素C可以多种方式使用来提供抗真菌作用。优选地,环噻唑霉素C以有效量掺入。环噻唑霉素C可以在生产食品、饲料、饮料或化妆品的最后阶段或中间阶段添加。优选地,食品、饲料、饮料或化妆品的表面用环噻唑霉素C处理。例如,将环噻唑霉素C喷雾或涂覆在食品、饲料、饮料或化妆品的表面。例如,将环噻唑霉素喷雾或涂覆在乳制品,例如像酸奶或奶酪上。可替代地,将环噻唑霉素C与食品、饲料、饮料或化妆品混合。例如,将环噻唑霉素C与乳制品,如牛奶或酸奶共混。可替代地,将环噻唑霉素C共混在面团中用于制备烘焙产品。
环噻唑霉素C可以未修饰的形式使用,或者优选地,可以如上所定义配制。优选地,包含环噻唑霉素C的组合物包含所有如上所定义的辅助剂、表面活性剂、固体载体和/或液体载体。作为另外的替代物,微生物本身可用于配制组合物。在这种情况下,可以将微生物配制成积极产生环噻唑霉素C的活细胞,或者它可以被灭活,例如通过热处理。如果需要,可以通过离心机或其他常规技术浓缩微生物。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及用作药剂的环噻唑霉素C。此外,本发明涉及用作用于治疗被病原性真菌、优选病原性酵母菌感染的药物产品的环噻唑霉素C。在优选的实施例中,药物产品是可用于将环噻唑霉素C施用于人或动物以抑制病原性微生物并减轻与病原性微生物相关的症状的产品。此类症状的实例包括与酵母菌感染相关的症状。在这种实施例中,药物产品可以是包含环噻唑霉素C的单位剂型。优选地,单位剂型是胶囊或片剂。然而,单位剂型还可以适用于施用至粘膜或皮肤,并且因此呈糊剂、乳膏剂、软膏剂等形式。
实例
接下来的实例用来说明本发明。
贯穿本说明书,以摄氏度(℃)给出温度并且“mp.”意指熔点并且rh意指相对湿度。LC/MS是指液相色谱-质谱,并且装置和方法的描述如下:
实例1:从NRRL WC-9803中分离环噻唑霉素C。
NRRL菌株WC-3908从NRRL培养物保藏中心获得并且在Innova 44摇床温育箱(冲程1英寸)中以225rpm在100mL带挡板的摇动烧瓶中培养。烧瓶含有25mL的培养基,其具有10g/L默克(Merck)酪蛋白水解物、8g/L Difco Bacto胰蛋白胨、2g/L Difco Bacto大豆蛋白胨、1.25g/L K2HPO4、和0.3g/L巴西尔登(Basildon)消泡剂。用泡沫塞封闭烧瓶。在高压灭菌之前,用4N H2SO4将pH调节至6.8。从单独地高压灭菌的500g/L葡萄糖.H2O储备液中,添加15g/L葡萄糖.H2O。用生物质或孢子进行接种,并在28℃下继续温育直至葡萄糖在1与5g/L之间,这需要大约2至3天。
该肉汤以7μl液滴的形式直接点样在生物测定板上。此外,通过冷冻干燥1mL并用1mL 80%(w/v)乙腈提取来制备提取物。在提取物中,点样了5μl。作为阴性对照,在含有活细胞的肉汤的情况下使用无菌培养基,或者在提取物的情况下使用80%乙腈。
实例2:针对灰葡萄孢菌和小麦发酵壳针孢的板生物测定
生物测定板的准备。
通过将等体积的Difco板计数琼脂和Difco马铃薯右旋糖琼脂混合来制备生物测定板的培养基。在NuncTMOmniTrayTM单孔板中使用40mL。在凝固并冷却至20℃之后,在42℃下施加含有等量的无菌水和Difco马铃薯右旋糖琼脂的10mL顶层。就在倾倒顶层之前,添加黄色镰刀菌、灰葡萄孢菌或小麦发酵壳针孢的孢子。对于灰葡萄孢菌所使用的孢子浓度为1000cfu/mL,并且对于小麦发酵壳针孢为20,000cfu/mL。在倾倒顶层之后,将生物测定板在层流柜中干燥1小时并立即使用。在施用这些样品之后,将这些板在22℃下温育直至真菌允许对抑制区域进行视觉评估。
将实例1的肉汤以7μl液滴的形式添加到生物测定板中。
图1A中给出了所发现的抑制区的实例,该图示出了在灰葡萄孢菌生物测定板上由NRRL菌株WC-3908的整个肉汤样品引起的抑制区。
图1B中给出了所发现的抑制区的实例,该图示出了在小麦发酵壳针孢生物测定板上由NRRL菌株WC-3908的整个肉汤样品引起的抑制区。
图1C中给出了所发现的抑制区的实例,该图示出了在黄色镰刀菌生物测定板上由NRRL菌株WC-3908的整个肉汤样品引起的抑制区。
实例3:纯化的CtmC对杆状镰刀菌的效力
在补充有0.3%琼脂的PDB(马铃薯右旋糖肉汤)培养基中产生25’000个孢子/ml的杆状镰刀菌孢子悬浮液。这些物种的分离株来源于先正达公司内部保藏中心(CH)。
将CtmC溶解在DMSO(二甲亚砜)中至最终浓度为1000ppm,以产生储备溶液。在DMSO中产生不同的CtmC稀释度:1000ppm、330ppm、110ppm、37ppm、12ppm和4.1ppm。将10μl的DMSO或CtmC溶液转移到96孔稀释板中并用90μl 0.025%Tween 20/H2O溶液稀释10倍。将10μl从稀释板转移到96孔测定板中,并向每个孔中添加90μl孢子悬浮液。
96孔板的孔含有以下项:
表1
然后将96孔板在黑暗中在24℃、90%相对湿度下温育72h。通过读取620nm处的OD来评价板。
对这些物种的两个独立分离株进行测定。每个分离株测试两次(测定1和测定2),并且在测试板上重复每个分离株×杀真菌剂的比率组合。
在两个孔上取OD620的平均值,并用于通过程序GraphPad prism计算IC50值(导致50%的生长抑制的杀真菌剂浓度),得到4个独立的IC50值。两种测试的分离株之间没有发现显著差异:
表2
物种和IC50(ppm) | 测定1 | 测定2 | 平均值 |
杆状镰刀菌分离株1 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.2 |
杆状镰刀菌分离株2 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 1.1 |
如上表2中所示,两种测试的分离株具有相似的约为1ppm的IC50。
实例4:纯化的CtmC对真菌物种的体外效力
将CtmC溶解在DMSO(二甲亚砜)中至最终浓度为1000ppm,以产生储备溶液。在水+0.025%Tween 20中制备1:10的第二稀释液。从该第二稀释液中将10μl分配到96孔板中。向每个孔中添加90μl的具有真菌孢子的培养基并混合,得到10ppm的最终CtmC浓度。所有含有CtmC的孔还含有DMSO(1%)和Tween 20(0.0025%)。
灰葡萄孢菌(灰霉病):将来自冷冻储存的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯右旋糖肉汤)中。在将测试化合物的溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中以后,添加包含真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃下温育并且在72小时之后光度测定地确定对生长的抑制。
雪腐明梭孢(雪霉病(snow mould)、谷物的根腐病):将来自冷冻储存的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯右旋糖肉汤)中。在将测试化合物的溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中以后,添加包含真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃下温育并且在72小时之后在620nm下光度测定地确定对生长的抑制。
落花生球腔菌(落花生的叶褐斑病):将来自冷冻储存的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯右旋糖肉汤)中。在将测试化合物的溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中以后,添加包含真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃下温育并且在大约5-6天之后在620nm下光度测定地确定对生长的抑制。
小麦发酵壳针孢(壳针孢叶疱病):将来自冷冻储存的真菌分生孢子直接混入营养肉汤(PDB马铃薯右旋糖肉汤)中。在将测试化合物的溶液置于微量滴定板(96孔规格)中以后,添加包含真菌孢子的营养肉汤。将这些测试板在24℃下温育并且在72小时之后光度测定地确定对生长的抑制。
在10ppm的环噻唑霉素C的存在下,阻止了4个测试物种的分生孢子的生长(减少了90%-100%)。
实例5:在叶盘测定中纯化的CtmC对真菌物种的效力。
在DMSO中产生1000ppm的CtmC储备液,然后将其按1:50稀释在水+0.025%的Tween20中,得到20ppm溶液。
小麦叶锈菌(也称为隐匿小麦叶锈病):将小麦叶段置于多孔板(24孔规格)中的琼脂上并且用测试溶液进行喷雾。干燥之后,将叶圆片用真菌的孢子悬浮液接种。在适当的温育之后,化合物的活性8dpi(孵育之后的天数)被评定为预防性杀真菌活性。
豆薯层锈菌(亚洲大豆锈病):将大豆叶圆片置于多孔板(24孔规格)中的琼脂上并且用测试溶液进行喷雾。干燥之后,将叶圆片用真菌的孢子悬浮液接种。在适当的温育之后,化合物的活性大约12dpi(温育之后的天数)被评估为预防性杀真菌活性。
20ppm的CtmC能够将两种测试锈菌物种的发展减少50%-90%。
实例6:在温室中纯化的CtmC对真菌物种的效力
将纯化的环噻唑霉素C(CtmC)配制为EC50配制品。将配制品以100ppm和50ppmCtmC的比率稀释在水中。用补充有辅助剂的400L/ha的经稀释产物处理植物以改善粘着和铺展,分别产生40g/ha和20g/ha的CtmC处理。
小麦发酵壳针孢小麦/预防性的(小麦上的小麦壳针孢叶斑病)。在喷雾室中,用在水中稀释的配制的测试化合物喷雾2周龄的小麦植物栽培品种Riband。在施用后一天,通过用孢子悬浮液对其进行喷雾来接种测试植物。在22℃/21℃(白天/夜晚)和95%rh的1天的温育期之后,将接种的测试植物在温室中保持在22℃/21℃(白天/夜晚)和70%rh下。在未处理的比较植物上出现适当水平的病害时(施用后16-19天),直接评估效力。
小麦叶锈菌(也称为隐匿小麦叶锈病)。在喷雾室中,用在水中稀释的配制的测试化合物喷雾2周龄的小麦植物栽培品种Arina。在施用后一天,通过用孢子悬浮液对其进行喷雾来接种测试植物。在20℃和95%rh的1天的温育期之后,将接种的测试植物在温室中保持在20℃/18℃(白天/夜晚)和60%rh下。在未处理的比较植物上出现适当水平的病害时(施用后12-14天),评估被病害覆盖的叶面积百分比。
灰葡萄孢菌番茄/预防性的(番茄上的葡萄孢菌)在喷雾室中,用在水中稀释的配制的测试化合物处理4周龄的番茄植物栽培品种Roter Gnom。在施用后两天,通过用孢子悬浮液对其进行喷雾来接种测试植物。将接种的测试植物在温室中在20℃和95%rh下进行温育,并且在未处理的比较植物上出现适当水平的病害时(施用后5-6天),评估被病害覆盖的叶面积百分比。
落花生球腔菌花生/预防性的(落花生上的叶褐斑病)在喷雾室中,用在水中稀释的配制的测试化合物喷雾3周龄的花生植物栽培品种Georgia Green。在施用后一天,通过用孢子悬浮液在其下方叶表面上对其进行喷雾来接种测试植物。在塑料罩下在23℃和100%rh的4天的温育期之后,将接种的测试植物在温室中保持在23℃/20℃(白天/夜晚)和70%rh下。在未处理的比较植物上出现适当水平的病害时(施用后12-14天),评估被病害覆盖的叶面积百分比。
结果表明,CtmC作为杀真菌剂可有效降低温室中植物的病害严重程度。
实例7:Tween 20针对纯化的CtmC对杆状镰刀菌的效力的影响。
现有技术WO 2015191789清楚地陈述了诸位发明人没有发现环噻唑霉素C的真菌抑制作用。这与我们的结果相反。为了消除我们观察到的杀真菌效果是由于Tween 20的存在的可能性,我们进行了一些类似于实例3的实验,但是使用了不同水平的Tween 20,包括不使用Tween 20。
重复实例3中概述的实验,以评估在以下4种不同比率的Tween 20存在下CtmC对杆状镰刀菌的控制的EC50值:0%(不存在Tween 20)、0.0025%、0.0050%(与实例3相同)和0.0100%。板布局与实例3相同,除了将板乘以4倍以容纳测定板中不同的Tween 20浓度。
所有其他实验条件保持相同。以25’000sp/ml测试镰刀菌属分离株。
表3:在不同浓度的Tween 20的存在下,计算2个真菌分离株的EC50(以ppm计)。值是实验中所有复制品处理的平均值。
结果与实例3一致并且表明Tween 20对体外控制杆状镰刀菌的EC50值没有显著影响。
实例8:纯化的CtmC对进一步扩展的真菌物种列表的体外效力
将CtmC溶解在DMSO(二甲亚砜)中至最终浓度为1000ppm,以产生储备溶液。在水+0.025%Tween 20中制备1:10的第二稀释液。从该第二稀释液中将10μl分配到96孔板中。向每个孔中添加90μl的具有真菌孢子的培养基(PDB-马铃薯右旋糖肉汤,加上0.3%琼脂)并混合,得到10ppm的最终CtmC浓度。所有含有CtmC的孔还含有DMSO(1%)和Tween 20(0.0025%)。在下表4中,使用几种不同的分离株(指示的内部菌株编号)对一些物种进行了测试,以了解在不同位置采样的同一物种的不同分离株之间的变异性,这些不同分离株产生不同的霉菌毒素(镰刀菌属),或对SDHI(琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂)、SBI(甾醇生物合成抑制剂)和/或QoI(醌外抑制剂)类别的杀真菌剂表现出不同的耐受性(实例:小麦发酵壳针孢)。如所指示的,不同分离株具有不同的接种密度和生物复制品数量。
表4:在不同浓度的Tween 20的存在下,计算另外的真菌分离株的病害控制效力(以ppm计)。值是实验中所有复制品处理的平均值。
/>
结果表明,至少可以部分地控制多种真菌物种,并且同一物种的几种分离株对CtmC具有相当的敏感性。
Claims (11)
1.一种控制或预防植物被真菌侵染的方法,其中将杀真菌有效量的环噻唑霉素C施用至所述植物、其部分或其场所。
2.权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述植物是谷物、落花生或大豆植物。
3.权利要求2所述的方法,其中,所述植物是小麦。
4.权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述真菌选自由以下组成的组:灰葡萄孢菌、菊池尾孢菌、大豆尾孢菌、禾旋孢腔菌、菜豆炭疽菌、西瓜炭疽菌、多主棒孢菌、燕麦镰刀菌、黄色镰刀菌、朗氏镰刀菌、梨孢镰刀菌、拟枝孢镰刀菌、三线镰刀菌、杆状镰刀菌、燕麦赤霉菌、藤仓赤霉菌、玉米赤霉菌、大型微座孢、雪腐明梭孢、落花生球腔菌、豆薯层锈菌、小麦叶锈菌、偃麦草核腔菌、柱隔孢叶斑病菌、大麦云纹病菌、大豆壳针孢、小麦腥黑粉菌、谷类鞭黑粉菌小麦变种、苹果黑星菌、以及小麦发酵壳针孢。
5.权利要求4所述的方法,其中,所述真菌选自由以下组成的组:灰葡萄孢菌、杆状镰刀菌、雪腐明梭孢、落花生球腔菌、豆薯层锈菌、小麦叶锈菌或小麦发酵壳针孢。
6.权利要求1所述的方法,其中,环噻唑霉素C以5g至6kg/公顷的比率施用至所述植物。
7.一种控制或预防植物被真菌侵染的方法,其中将杀真菌有效量的农用化学组合物施用至所述植物、其部分或其场所,所述农用化学组合物包含杀真菌有效量的环噻唑霉素C。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其中所述农用化学组合物进一步包含农用化学上可接受的稀释剂或载体。
9.环噻唑霉素C作为抗真菌剂或杀真菌剂的用途。
10.环噻唑霉素C在食品、饲料、饮料或化妆品中作为抗真菌剂的用途。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用途,其中,所述食品选自乳制品或烘焙产品。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20156749 | 2020-02-11 | ||
EP20156749.2 | 2020-02-11 | ||
PCT/EP2021/051716 WO2021160419A1 (en) | 2020-02-11 | 2021-01-26 | Method of controlling fungi |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115003160A CN115003160A (zh) | 2022-09-02 |
CN115003160B true CN115003160B (zh) | 2024-04-30 |
Family
ID=69571878
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202180011755.XA Active CN115003160B (zh) | 2020-02-11 | 2021-01-26 | 控制真菌的方法 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230081771A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4102973A1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN115003160B (zh) |
AR (1) | AR121284A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2021221027A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112022015753A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA3165597A1 (zh) |
CO (1) | CO2022011251A2 (zh) |
CR (1) | CR20220362A (zh) |
EC (1) | ECSP22070932A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2021160419A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AR126729A1 (es) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-11-08 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Mezcla fungicida |
CN114231420B (zh) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-07-04 | 云南大学 | 一种促进植物生长的青霉组合物、菌剂及其应用 |
WO2024074628A1 (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-11 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Fungicidal compound |
WO2024074640A1 (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-11 | Syngenta Crop Protection Ag | Fungicidal mixture comprising streptimidone and malonomicin |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR8600161A (pt) | 1985-01-18 | 1986-09-23 | Plant Genetic Systems Nv | Gene quimerico,vetores de plasmidio hibrido,intermediario,processo para controlar insetos em agricultura ou horticultura,composicao inseticida,processo para transformar celulas de plantas para expressar uma toxina de polipeptideo produzida por bacillus thuringiensis,planta,semente de planta,cultura de celulas e plasmidio |
US5169629A (en) | 1988-11-01 | 1992-12-08 | Mycogen Corporation | Process of controlling lepidopteran pests, using bacillus thuringiensis isolate denoted b.t ps81gg |
EP0374753A3 (de) | 1988-12-19 | 1991-05-29 | American Cyanamid Company | Insektizide Toxine, Gene, die diese Toxine kodieren, Antikörper, die sie binden, sowie transgene Pflanzenzellen und transgene Pflanzen, die diese Toxine exprimieren |
GB8910624D0 (en) | 1989-05-09 | 1989-06-21 | Ici Plc | Bacterial strains |
CA2015951A1 (en) | 1989-05-18 | 1990-11-18 | Mycogen Corporation | Novel bacillus thuringiensis isolates active against lepidopteran pests, and genes encoding novel lepidopteran-active toxins |
DE69018772T2 (de) | 1989-11-07 | 1996-03-14 | Pioneer Hi Bred Int | Larven abtötende Lektine und darauf beruhende Pflanzenresistenz gegen Insekten. |
UA48104C2 (uk) | 1991-10-04 | 2002-08-15 | Новартіс Аг | Фрагмент днк, який містить послідовність,що кодує інсектицидний протеїн, оптимізовану для кукурудзи,фрагмент днк, який забезпечує направлену бажану для серцевини стебла експресію зв'язаного з нею структурного гена в рослині, фрагмент днк, який забезпечує специфічну для пилку експресію зв`язаного з нею структурного гена в рослині, рекомбінантна молекула днк, спосіб одержання оптимізованої для кукурудзи кодуючої послідовності інсектицидного протеїну, спосіб захисту рослин кукурудзи щонайменше від однієї комахи-шкідника |
US5530195A (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1996-06-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Bacillus thuringiensis gene encoding a toxin active against insects |
TR199801813T2 (xx) | 1996-03-11 | 1998-12-21 | Novartis Ag | B�cek �ld�r�c� olarak pirimidin-4- on t�revleri. |
CA2419029A1 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-28 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein hybrids |
US7230167B2 (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2007-06-12 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Modified Cry3A toxins and nucleic acid sequences coding therefor |
AU2002361696A1 (en) | 2001-12-17 | 2003-06-30 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Novel corn event |
EP1499185A4 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2005-08-24 | Valent Biosciences Corp | IMPROVED HERBICIDAL COMPOSITION |
WO2015191789A2 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Reactivity-based screening for natural product discovery |
-
2021
- 2021-01-26 US US17/799,191 patent/US20230081771A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-26 CA CA3165597A patent/CA3165597A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-26 CN CN202180011755.XA patent/CN115003160B/zh active Active
- 2021-01-26 BR BR112022015753A patent/BR112022015753A2/pt unknown
- 2021-01-26 EP EP21702006.4A patent/EP4102973A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-26 CR CR20220362A patent/CR20220362A/es unknown
- 2021-01-26 AU AU2021221027A patent/AU2021221027A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-26 WO PCT/EP2021/051716 patent/WO2021160419A1/en unknown
- 2021-02-08 AR ARP210100318A patent/AR121284A1/es unknown
-
2022
- 2022-08-10 CO CONC2022/0011251A patent/CO2022011251A2/es unknown
- 2022-09-09 EC ECSENADI202270932A patent/ECSP22070932A/es unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
HASHIMOTO M ET AL.An RNA polymerase inhibitor,cyclothiazomycin B1, and its isomer.BIOORGANIC AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY.2006,第14卷(第24期),8259-8270. * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4102973A1 (en) | 2022-12-21 |
CO2022011251A2 (es) | 2022-08-19 |
AU2021221027A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 |
AR121284A1 (es) | 2022-05-04 |
WO2021160419A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
BR112022015753A2 (pt) | 2022-10-11 |
CA3165597A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
US20230081771A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
ECSP22070932A (es) | 2022-10-31 |
CR20220362A (es) | 2022-08-22 |
CN115003160A (zh) | 2022-09-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN115003160B (zh) | 控制真菌的方法 | |
US11827897B2 (en) | Agricultural compositions and related methods | |
CN109430279B (zh) | 杀真菌组合物 | |
RU2420961C1 (ru) | Нематоцидная композиция и способ ее применения | |
JP2021505586A (ja) | 殺微生物フェニルアミジン誘導体 | |
CN107996613B (zh) | 包括生物防治剂和杀虫剂的组合物 | |
KR20190060822A (ko) | 바실러스 튜린지엔시스 rti545 조성물 및 식물 생장 이득 및 식물 해충 방제를 위한 사용 방법 | |
KR20180104165A (ko) | 파에니바실러스 균주 또는 푸자리시딘 및 화학적 살충제를 포함하는 혼합물 및 조성물 | |
CN108366562A (zh) | 杀微生物的苯基脒衍生物 | |
JP2018024669A (ja) | 有害生物防除組成物及びその用途 | |
BR112021003311A2 (pt) | pacotes de mensageiros de plantas modificados e seus usos | |
CN113966171A (zh) | 杀真菌组合物 | |
WO2015192717A1 (en) | Synergistic insecticidal composition comprising neonicotinoid insecticides and pyrethroid insecticides | |
CN115209735A (zh) | 杀真菌组合物 | |
JP7184875B2 (ja) | 殺微生物性キノリン(チオ)カルボキサミド誘導体 | |
KR100632762B1 (ko) | 살충 조성물 및 살충 방법 | |
CN109952288A (zh) | 杀微生物的苯基脒衍生物 | |
CN107593710B (zh) | 一种杀菌组合物 | |
BR112021005202A2 (pt) | uso de uma ou mais yersinia entomophaga, opcionalmente uma ou mais yersinia entomophaga, uso de um filtrado de cultura de yersinia entomophaga isento de células, uso de uma toxina de yersinia entomophaga isolada, uso de uma ou mais yersinia nurmii, uso de um filtrado de cultura de yersinia nurmii isento de células, uso de uma toxina de yersinia nurmii isolada, uso de uma bacillus thuringiensis, um filtrado de cultura de bacillus thuringiensis isento de células ou uma toxina de bacillus thuringiensis isolada, método, consórcio microbiano sintético, composição, material de propagação de plantas revestido, planta ou parte da planta, uso do consórcio microbiano sintético ou composição, uso do material de propagação de plantas revestido, uso da planta ou parte da planta, planta transgênica | |
CN111903698B (zh) | 一种活性化合物组合物 | |
JP4645087B2 (ja) | 有害生物防除組成物 | |
CN117794371A (zh) | 杀真菌剂混合物 | |
WO2024074638A1 (en) | Fungicidal mixture comprising cyclothiazomycin c and malonomicin | |
TWI789356B (zh) | 協同性殺真菌組成物及其用途 | |
CN111903703A (zh) | 一种活性化合物组合物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |