CN114988952A - Nano silicon liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano silicon liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114988952A CN114988952A CN202210797646.1A CN202210797646A CN114988952A CN 114988952 A CN114988952 A CN 114988952A CN 202210797646 A CN202210797646 A CN 202210797646A CN 114988952 A CN114988952 A CN 114988952A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nano-silicon liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers. The nano silicon liquid fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of nano silicon, 5-8 parts of perilla extract, 3-5 parts of chelating agent, 10-15 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 3-5 parts of carambola leaf extract and 10-15 parts of sugarcane fermentation liquor. By adopting the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer, the silicon content in kiwi fruit leaves can be effectively improved, the tree vigor is further improved, the morbidity of kiwi fruit canker is reduced, and the yield of kiwi fruit is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a nano-silicon liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As is well known, the crop growth process has 16 essential nutrients, including carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum and chlorine. According to the content of elements in the crop body, the elements are divided into major elements, medium elements and trace elements according to the dry weight. Each of them has an irreplaceable role during the growth and development of the crop. Silicon, which is called the "fourth major element" except nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It is not only an important component in the bodies of most crops (especially gramineous crops such as rice, wheat, corn, sorghum and the like), but also plays an important role in the growth and development processes of the crops.
Moreover, mineral nutrition can affect the disease defense capability of crops, is considered as one of important influence factors for regulating and controlling crop diseases, and can reduce the occurrence degree of a plurality of crop diseases through mineral nutrition element regulation. However, silicon has not been proved to be a mineral nutrient element necessary for plant growth and development so far, but silicon has a beneficial effect on plant growth and development, and a large number of studies have been reported at home and abroad. Researches show that the silicon can promote the growth of plants, improve the yield, enhance the defense capability of the plants against diseases and insect pests, and simultaneously reduce the damage of abiotic stresses such as salinity stress, drought stress, heavy metal toxic radiation, partial unbalance, freezing damage and the like to the plants.
Although the soil contains a lot of silicon-containing minerals, the silicon-containing minerals are insoluble silicon compounds, are highly weather-resistant and cannot be absorbed by crops, only a few silicic acids which can be dissolved in water and exist in the form of single molecules can be absorbed by the plants, namely the content of effective silicon is low, and the high or low content of effective silicon in the soil is an important basis for whether the crops need to apply silicon fertilizers. Therefore, the supply of silicon nutrient to crops by natural circulation alone is far from meeting the demand of crops for silicon, which is one of the important reasons for the need of additionally supplying silicon, an element required for plant growth.
At present, most of silicon fertilizers are citrate soluble silicon fertilizers, the citrate soluble silicon fertilizers are silicon fertilizers which are insoluble in water and soluble in acid and can be absorbed by plants, most of the citrate soluble silicon fertilizers are processed by waste steel slag, fly ash and ores of steel mills through a high-temperature calcination process and the like, and the citrate soluble fertilizers are generally insoluble in water, have poor solubility, large using amount and slow action and cannot be directly absorbed by crops. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer is a silicon fertilizer which can be dissolved in water and can be directly absorbed by plants, but generally needs high-temperature chemical synthesis, and has complex production process and higher cost. How to reduce the development energy consumption and the cost and improve the application effect of the silicon fertilizer has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nano silicon liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
one of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows: a nano-silicon liquid fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of nano silicon, 5-8 parts of perilla extract, 3-5 parts of chelating agent, 10-15 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 3-5 parts of carambola leaf extract and 10-15 parts of sugarcane fermentation liquor.
Further, the preparation of the perilla extract specifically comprises:
(1) pulverizing Perillae herba, adding water, mixing, and ultrasonically extracting to obtain extractive solution;
(2) adding biological enzyme into the extractive solution for enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain Perillae herba extract.
Further, the ultrasonic extraction time is 120-150 min, and the temperature is 35-45 ℃;
the biological enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of protease, 1-2 parts of peptidase and 2-3 parts of pancreatin.
Further, the mass ratio of the biological enzyme to the perilla is 0.1-0.4: 100.
further, the chelating agent comprises fulvic acid and/or a sugar alcohol.
The fulvic acid potassium has strong complexing ability and can improve the absorption of trace elements by plants. Potassium fulvate structurally has a plurality of organic chelating and complexing sites. These ligands can complex or chelate with the poorly soluble trace elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, molybdenum, copper, zinc, boron, and the like. The potassium fulvate also has the functions of improving the soil aggregate structure, loosening the soil, improving the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, adjusting the pH value, reducing the content of heavy metals in the soil, reducing the harm of salt ions to seeds and seedlings, and fixing nitrogen, dissolving phosphorus and activating potassium.
The sugar alcohol is naturally extracted from the phloem juice, and can carry nutrients to smoothly enter the phloem for nutrient transportation after entering the interior of the leaves. Phloem is the main way for mineral nutrients, sugars, carbohydrates and other nutrients to enter product organs, and thus is distributed in a large amount in tissues such as flowers, buds, fruits and the like of plants. But is prone to physiological deficiencies due to the difficulty of transporting many mineral nutrients in the phloem. However, the sugar alcohol complex can directly transport mineral nutrients to product organs through phloem, and the complex is decomposed to release nutrients for fruit growth and utilization.
Further, the preparation of the carambola leaf extract specifically comprises:
(1) drying carambola leaves in the shade, pulverizing, adding ethanol, and extracting in water bath to obtain carambola leaf extract;
(2) filtering the carambola leaf extract, centrifuging, and performing rotary evaporation and concentration to obtain an extract to obtain the carambola leaf extract.
The carambola leaf extract has obvious inhibition effect on various pathogenic bacteria and worm eggs.
Further, the preparation of the sugarcane fermentation liquor specifically comprises the following steps:
crushing sugarcane, adding water and a mixed starter, fermenting for 30-40 days, and filtering to obtain sugarcane fermentation liquor;
the mixed leaven comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 2-3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
The sugarcane fermentation liquor contains rich glucose and partial high-grade alcohol, has strong activity permeability, can quickly permeate into cells in crops, is beneficial to the growth and development of the crops, and has more obvious effect in low-temperature short-irradiation in catastrophe. The sugarcane fermentation liquor can be used for a long time, so that the effects of improving the soil structure, improving the fertilizer utilization rate, increasing the yield, improving the crop quality, having strong stress resistance, resisting cold, drought, diseases and insect pests, improving the sugar degree and the vitamin C content, reducing the nitrate content and the like can be achieved.
Furthermore, the particle size of the nano silicon is 1-4 nm.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials in parts by weight;
(2) adding nano silicon into a sodium hydroxide solution, and reacting to obtain nano sodium silicate;
(3) adding water to a chelating agent for dissolving, heating to 60-80 ℃, then adding nano sodium silicate and the perilla extract, mixing and stirring to obtain nano sodium silicate chelating solution;
(4) and adding urea, humic acid, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, carambola leaf extract and sugarcane fermentation liquor into the nano sodium chelating solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the mixed liquid fertilizer.
(5) And adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer to enable the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer after being diluted by water to be 5-6, so as to obtain the nano silicon liquid fertilizer.
Further, the mixing and stirring time is 4-6 h.
The third technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an application of the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer in preparing the disease-resistant medicine of the kiwi fruit.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) by adopting the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer, the silicon content in plant leaves (kiwi fruit leaves) can be effectively improved, the tree vigor is further improved, the incidence rate of kiwi fruit canker is reduced, and the yield of kiwi fruits is improved.
(2) The perilla extract contains various amino acids such as aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, arginine, proline and the like which act together with a chelating agent to chelate nano sodium silicate, so that SiO in the water glass can be effectively improved 3 3- The stability of (silicate ions) avoids the phenomenon that the nano sodium silicate is separated out due to the formation of calcium silicate precipitate, thereby remarkably improving the utilization rate of the silicon element.
(3) The perilla extract, the chelating agent, the urea, the humic acid, the monopotassium phosphate, the potassium nitrate, the carambola leaf extract, the sugarcane fermentation liquor and other components contained in the nano silicon liquid fertilizer act together, and the absorption rate and the action effect of the nano silicon can be obviously improved.
(4) When the nano silicon liquid fertilizer is prepared, the adopted raw materials are nontoxic and harmless, are green and environment-friendly, and meet the requirements of green agricultural planting.
(5) The silicon fertilizer prepared by the invention is liquid silicon fertilizer, does not contain any toxic and harmful ions, has high effective silicon content and good crop absorption effect, and can not harden soil after being used for a long time.
(6) The silicon fertilizer prepared by the invention has flexible use method, can be used for all crops needing silicon, and can be sprayed on leaf surfaces or applied by drip irrigation.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The "parts" described in the following examples are all "parts by weight".
Example 1
A nano silicon liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof are as follows:
the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40g of nano silicon (nano silicon dioxide with the particle size of 1nm), 6g of perilla extract, 3g of chelating agent (fulvic acid), 10g of urea, 4g of humic acid, 2g of monopotassium phosphate, 3g of potassium nitrate, 4g of carambola leaf extract and 12g of sugarcane fermentation liquor.
The preparation method of the perilla extract comprises the following steps:
A. pulverizing 5 parts of Perillae herba to 200 mesh, adding 50 parts of water, mixing, and ultrasonic extracting at 40 deg.C for 120min to obtain extractive solution;
B. adding biological enzyme (mass ratio of biological enzyme to Perillae herba is 0.2: 100) into the extractive solution, mixing, reacting at 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain enzyme reaction solution, and filtering to obtain Perillae herba extract.
The biological enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of protease, 1 part of peptidase and 2 parts of pancreatin.
The preparation method of the carambola leaf extract comprises the following steps:
A. drying carambola leaves in the shade, pulverizing to 50 meshes, adding 50% ethanol (the dosage ratio of the carambola leaves to the 50% ethanol is 1 g: 50mL), mixing uniformly, placing in a constant-temperature water bath shaking table at 50 ℃, and standing for 90min to obtain a carambola leaf crude extract;
B. filtering the crude extractive solution of folium Averrhoae Carambolae, centrifuging at 4 deg.C in a refrigerated centrifuge at 5000r/min for 10min, collecting supernatant, and rotary evaporating for concentrating to obtain extract.
The preparation method of the sugarcane fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
crushing 10 parts of sugarcane to about 1cm of stem size, adding 200 parts of water and 1 part of mixed leaven, fermenting for 30 days, and filtering to obtain sugarcane fermentation liquor;
the mixed leaven consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megaterium, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 2 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
The nano silicon liquid fertilizer and the preparation method thereof are as follows:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight;
(2) adding nano silicon into a sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) to react to obtain nano sodium silicate;
(3) adding 300g of water into a chelating agent for dissolving, heating to 70 ℃, then adding nano sodium silicate and perilla extract, mixing and stirring for 5 hours to obtain nano sodium silicate chelating solution;
(4) adding urea, humic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, carambola leaf extract, and sweet in flavor into nanometer sodium silicate chelate solutionUniformly mixing sugarcane fermentation liquor, adding water until the total weight is 400g to obtain a mixed liquid fertilizer, then adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer to ensure that the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer after the mixed liquid fertilizer is diluted by water to be 100 is 5-6 to obtain the nano silicon liquid fertilizer (SiO) 2 Is 10 percent by mass).
Example 2
A nano silicon liquid fertilizer and a preparation method thereof are as follows:
the nano silicon liquid fertilizer consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30g of nano silicon (nano silicon dioxide with the particle size of 4nm), 5g of perilla extract, 3g of chelating agent (fulvic acid), 15g of urea, 3g of humic acid, 2g of monopotassium phosphate, 5g of potassium nitrate, 3g of carambola leaf extract and 10g of sugarcane fermentation liquor.
The preparation method of the perilla extract comprises the following steps:
A. pulverizing 5 parts of Perillae herba to 200 mesh, adding 50 parts of water, mixing, and ultrasonic extracting at 35 deg.C for 150min to obtain extractive solution;
B. adding biological enzyme (mass ratio of biological enzyme to Perillae herba is 0.1: 100) into the extractive solution, mixing, reacting at 28 deg.C for 24 hr to obtain enzyme reaction solution, and filtering to obtain Perillae herba extract.
The biological enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of protease, 2 parts of peptidase and 3 parts of pancreatin.
The preparation method of the carambola leaf extract comprises the following steps:
A. drying carambola leaves in the shade, pulverizing to 50 mesh, adding 50% ethanol (the dosage ratio of carambola leaves to 50% ethanol is 1 g: 50mL), mixing, placing in a constant temperature water bath shaking table at 50 deg.C, and standing for 90min to obtain coarse extractive solution of carambola leaves;
B. filtering the crude extract of folium Averrhoae Carambolae, centrifuging at 4 deg.C in a refrigerated centrifuge at 5000r/min for 10min, collecting supernatant, and rotary evaporating for concentration to obtain extract.
The preparation method of the sugarcane fermentation liquor comprises the following steps:
crushing 10 parts of sugarcane to about 1cm in stem size, adding 200 parts of water and 1 part of mixed leaven, fermenting for 40 days, and filtering to obtain sugarcane fermentation liquor;
the mixed starter consists of the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1 part of bacillus megaterium, 2 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
The nano silicon liquid fertilizer and the preparation method thereof are as follows:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight;
(2) adding nano silicon into a sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) to react to obtain nano sodium silicate;
(3) adding 300g of water into a chelating agent for dissolving, heating to 70 ℃, then adding nano sodium silicate and perilla extract, mixing and stirring for 6 hours to obtain nano sodium silicate chelating solution;
(4) adding urea, humic acid, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, carambola leaf extract and sugarcane fermentation liquor into a nano sodium silicate chelating solution, uniformly mixing, adding water until the total weight is 400g to obtain a mixed liquid fertilizer, then adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer to enable the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer after the mixed liquid fertilizer is diluted by water for 100 to be 5-6, and obtaining the nano silicon liquid fertilizer (SiO) 2 Is 7.5 percent in mass percent).
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that fulvic acid in the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer is replaced by sugar alcohol.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that fulvic acid in the nano silicon liquid fertilizer is replaced by fulvic acid and sugar alcohol in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer does not contain the perilla herb extract.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the fulvic acid in the nano silicon liquid fertilizer is replaced by the ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the sugar cane fermentation broth in the nano silicon liquid fertilizer is replaced by glucose.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the nano silicon liquid fertilizer and the preparation method thereof are as follows:
(1) weighing the raw materials according to the weight;
(2) adding nano silicon into a sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) to react to obtain nano sodium silicate;
(3) uniformly mixing nano sodium silicate, perilla extract, chelating agent (fulvic acid), urea, humic acid, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, carambola leaf extract and sugarcane fermentation liquor with 300g of water, adding water until the total weight is 400g to obtain a mixed liquid fertilizer, then adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer to ensure that the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer after the mixed liquid fertilizer is diluted by 100 with water is 5-6 to obtain the nano silicon liquid fertilizer (SiO) 2 10% by mass).
Effect example 1 (application test on Kiwi berry)
The test variety is xuxiang, the tree age is 6 years, the density is 80 plants/mu, and the tree vigor is moderate and weak.
The test area is 13 mu, the soil is sandy loam, the fertility is moderate, wherein 2 mu is used as a protection row land, 11 mu is used as a test land, the test land is divided into 11 areas, and each area is 1 mu; the 1 st cell corresponds to example 1, the 2 nd cell corresponds to example 2, the 3 rd cell corresponds to example 3, the 4 th cell corresponds to example 4, the 5 th cell corresponds to comparative example 1, the 6 th cell corresponds to comparative example 2, the 7 th cell corresponds to comparative example 3, the 8 th cell corresponds to comparative example 4, the 9 th cell corresponds to control group 1, the 10 th cell corresponds to control group 2, and the 11 th cell corresponds to blank control group.
Experimental groups: in the early 3 months (spring) of the flowering period of the kiwi fruits, the fertilizers prepared in the embodiments 1-4 and the comparisons 1-4 of the invention (diluted by 50 times and applied) are applied, 12kg of fertilizer is applied to each plant, and conventional field management is carried out.
Control group 1: in the early 3-month (spring) flowering period of kiwi fruits, water-soluble silicon fertilizer (SiO) purchased from Henan Pont chemical products Limited is adopted 2 50 percent of the total weight of the composition), and the dosage of the composition is 48g (containing SiO) 2 24g) Diluting the seeds by 200 percent, performing irrigation, and performing conventional field management.
Control group 2: in last 3 monthsIn the flowering period of the kiwi fruits in spring, water-soluble silicon fertilizer (SiO) purchased from Henan Bang chemical products limited company is adopted 2 50 percent of (A), and 36g of (SiO-containing) dosage 2 18g) Diluting the seeds by 200 percent, performing irrigation, and performing conventional field management.
Blank control group: in the early 3-month (spring) flowering period of the kiwi fruits, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (16:8:16) is applied, the dosage is 48 g/plant, the kiwi fruits are diluted by 200 and irrigated, and conventional field management is carried out.
Measuring SiO in kiwi fruit leaves before and after irrigating for 10 days 2 The content is measured by a potassium fluosilicate volumetric method, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, when the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention is used for irrigating kiwi fruits, the SiO in kiwi fruit leaves can be remarkably improved 2 The nano silicon liquid fertilizer can be quickly absorbed and transported to the blade part from the root part, cannot cause the phenomenon that a large amount of sediment is deposited at the root part and cannot be transported to other parts, and has the obvious advantage of easy absorption.
The incidence of kiwifruit canker was investigated in the last ten days of 4 months, and the results are shown in table 2.
The incidence rate is (number of diseased plants/total number of plants) × 100%.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the table 2, the nano silicon liquid fertilizer prepared by the invention can obviously reduce the incidence rate of kiwifruit canker.
After harvesting, the yield per mu of the kiwi fruits is counted and calculated, and the result is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
| Grouping | Mu yield (kg/mu) |
| Example 1 | 2215 |
| Example 2 | 2194 |
| Example 3 | 2141 |
| Example 4 | 2287 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2011 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2057 |
| Comparative example 3 | 2131 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1952 |
| Control group | 1904 |
| Blank control group | 1815 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the nano silicon liquid fertilizer prepared by the method can obviously improve the yield of kiwi fruits.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The nano-silicon liquid fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of nano silicon, 5-8 parts of perilla extract, 3-5 parts of chelating agent, 10-15 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium nitrate, 3-5 parts of carambola leaf extract and 10-15 parts of sugarcane fermentation liquor.
2. The nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the perilla extract specifically comprises:
(1) pulverizing Perillae herba, adding water, mixing, and ultrasonic extracting to obtain extractive solution;
(2) adding biological enzyme into the extractive solution for enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain Perillae herba extract.
3. The nano silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic extraction time is 120-150 min, and the temperature is 35-45 ℃;
the biological enzyme comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of protease, 1-2 parts of peptidase and 2-3 parts of pancreatin.
4. The nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the bio-enzyme to the perilla is 0.1-0.4: 100.
5. the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chelating agent comprises fulvic acid and/or a sugar alcohol.
6. The nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the carambola leaf extract specifically comprises:
(1) drying carambola leaves in the shade, pulverizing, adding ethanol, and extracting in water bath to obtain carambola leaf extract;
(2) filtering the carambola leaf extract, centrifuging, and performing rotary evaporation and concentration to obtain an extract to obtain the carambola leaf extract.
7. The nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the sugar cane fermentation liquor specifically comprises:
crushing sugarcane, adding water and a mixed starter, fermenting for 30-40 days, and filtering to obtain sugarcane fermentation liquor;
the mixed leaven comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 1-2 parts of bacillus megaterium, 1-2 parts of bacillus licheniformis and 2-3 parts of lactobacillus plantarum.
8. A preparation method of the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw materials in parts by weight;
(2) adding nano silicon into a sodium hydroxide solution, and reacting to obtain nano sodium silicate;
(3) adding water to a chelating agent for dissolving, heating to 60-80 ℃, then adding nano sodium silicate and the perilla extract, mixing and stirring to obtain nano sodium silicate chelating solution;
(4) adding urea, humic acid, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, carambola leaf extract and sugarcane fermentation liquor into the nano sodium chelating solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed liquid fertilizer;
(5) and adjusting the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer to enable the pH value of the mixed liquid fertilizer after being diluted by water to be 5-6, so as to obtain the nano silicon liquid fertilizer.
9. The preparation method of the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as claimed in claim 8, wherein the mixing and stirring time is 4-6 h.
10. An application of the nano-silicon liquid fertilizer as defined in any one of claims 1-7 in preparation of kiwi fruit disease-resistant medicines.
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| CN115885785A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-04 | 长江大学 | Nano silicon suspending agent germination accelerating wheat seed and seedling promoting and seedling strengthening method by spraying in seedling stage |
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