CN111362759A - Alginic acid fertilizer with water and fertilizer retention function and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alginic acid fertilizer with water and fertilizer retention function and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362759A CN111362759A CN202010273858.0A CN202010273858A CN111362759A CN 111362759 A CN111362759 A CN 111362759A CN 202010273858 A CN202010273858 A CN 202010273858A CN 111362759 A CN111362759 A CN 111362759A
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of urea fertilizers, and particularly relates to an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention function, which is prepared by adopting 5-10 parts of fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, 780 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 600-. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function, which is obtained by melting and granulating the raw materials. The invention can lock water in the fertilizer, so that the nutrient components in the fertilizer can not run off along with water, thereby effectively prolonging the absorption time of crops on the fertilizer, increasing the absorption rate of the fertilizer and having wider application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of urea fertilizers, and particularly relates to an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention effect and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the middle of present crops are planted, can fertilize for crops and guarantee the nutrition and the growth demand of crop, but fertilizer is easily dissolved in water, and it is effectual that only 30% that fertilizer oozes to the ground surface along with water usually, water down walks to the root of plant when watering, bring fertilizer to here, but water can continue to go down, just all taken away fertilizer, all nutrition of the unable effective absorption fertilizer of crops, when causing the waste of fertilizer, need increase the number of times of fertilizeing, will increase the unnecessary cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at various defects in the prior art, the inventor researches and designs an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention effect and a preparation method thereof in long-term practice.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention effect is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, 780 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 600-containing organic fertilizer, 1-2 parts of water-absorbing macromolecules, 200 parts of phosphate fertilizer 100-containing organic fertilizer, 80-120 parts of potassium fertilizer, 10-60 parts of secondary element compounds and 3-8 parts of trace element compounds.
Further, the preparation process of the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid comprises the steps of firstly, selecting wild seaweed, airing until the water content is 35% -45%, crushing to 30-50 meshes by a crusher, and adding 0.8-0.9% of mixed strains; then, mixing the seaweed meal and water according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 70-75 ℃, and fermenting for 8-10 days; after fermentation, adding 3.5-4 times of water into the fermented material, stirring uniformly, and adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.5 by using 35% sodium hydroxide solution; then, the solution is stirred and extracted for 10 to 12 hours at the steam controlled temperature of 60 to 65 ℃, finally, the solution is pressed and filtered by a filter press, the pH of the obtained filtrate is adjusted to 7 by citric acid, and the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to 10 percent of the volume of the solution, so that fermented alginic acid extracting solution with the solid content of 5 to 10 percent by weight is obtained, and the fermented alginic acid extracting solution is fermented alginic acid synergistic solution with the alginic acid content of 1.3 to 5 percent by weight.
Further, the seaweed fermentation residues are residues obtained by pressure filtration through a pressure filter after the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid is extracted, the organic matter content of the residues is 75-85%, the water content of the residues is 5-15%, and the residues are crushed to the fineness of 45 meshes.
Further, 3 weight percent of iron-zinc preparation is added into the seaweed fermentation residues, and the iron-zinc preparation consists of 65 weight percent of ferrous sulfate and 35 weight percent of zinc oxide with the purity of 90 percent; the preparation process of the iron-zinc preparation comprises the steps of mixing ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide according to a proportion, adding 50 times of a water solution containing 5% of amino acid by volume, adding phosphoric acid with the volume ratio of 0.9% and the molar concentration of 50%, heating to 150 ℃ under 1.7 atmospheric pressure, and preserving heat for 6 hours.
Further, the mixed strain is a mixture consisting of 55% of bacillus subtilis powder, 27% of saccharomycete powder and 18% of aspergillus niger powder, and the effective spore number of the mixed strain is not less than 2.5 × 1011cfu。
Further, the algae are natural algae growing in the sea, cryptogam plants of the plant kingdom. They are generally regarded as simple plants, and are mainly characterized by no vascular bundle tissues and no differentiation phenomena of true roots, stems and leaves; no flowering, no fruit and no seeds; the protection tissue without specialization of the reproductive organ usually produces spores or gametes directly from a single cell without the formation of embryos. The seaweed contains lipid 0.1-0.8%, saccharide 40-60% (such as seaweed biological polysaccharide), protein below 20%, and ash 20-40% by weight of seaweed.
Furthermore, the plant source natural regulation synergistic component in the fermented alginic acid synergistic solution comprises 0.002% -0.004% of cytokinin, 0.003% -0.005% of auxin, 0.001% -0.003% of cytokinin, 0.005% -0.007% of mannitol, 0.02% -0.05% of algal polysaccharide, 0.004% -0.006% of amino acid and 0.003% -0.005% of natural urease inhibitor.
The fermented alginic acid synergistic solution contains organic substances such as indoleacetic acid, plant growth hormone, alginic acid and the like, can promote the growth of crop roots, improve the activity of the roots and promote the absorption of the crop roots to nutrients; enhancing photosynthesis; organic substances in the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid can adsorb and fix ammonium ions to a certain extent, reduce ammonia volatilization loss and have a certain inhibiting effect on soil urease activity.
In addition, the fermented alginic acid synergistic solution can also provide nutrient substances, improve the soil, fertility and improve the product quality, and active substances in the fermented alginic acid synergistic solution can also play roles in resisting drought, salt and alkali permeation, resisting cold, sterilizing and promoting the growth of crops.
Further, the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63-65 parts of ammonium sulfate, 13-15 parts of ammonium chloride, 13-18 parts of ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, 3-4 parts of animal hair, 3-4 parts of feather, 14-16 parts of modified attapulgite, 0.3-0.5 part of azotobacter, 2-4 parts of modified nano carbon, 1-3 parts of fructus cnidii, 5-7 parts of pomegranate root and 9-11 parts of willow leaf.
Further, the preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the steps of adding 3-5 times of 25-35% sulfuric acid into animal hair, feather and the like, hydrolyzing at 60-80 ℃ for 8-10 hours to generate amino acid, then adding lime for neutralization, adding 3-4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose into 15 parts by weight of hydrolysate according to a proportion, and then adding ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium monohydrogen phosphate for dissolution to generate amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid; soaking the weighed fructus Cnidii, radix Granati and folium Salicis Babylonicae in vinegar for 6-8 days, and filtering to obtain filtrate; and finally, uniformly mixing the amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid and the filtrate, adding the modified attapulgite, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the modified nanocarbon, uniformly stirring, and granulating to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer.
Further, the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the steps of putting the attapulgite into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 3-5min, dissolving and diluting the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent by using a small amount of ethanol, adding the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent into the high-speed mixer in a spraying mode, stirring for 15-20min, discharging, drying and crushing into powder.
Furthermore, the modified nano carbon is prepared by adding 1-2% of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.2-0.3% of sodium lauryl sulfate and 1-2% of aluminum hydroxide into nano carbon, stirring at high speed, and grinding for 1-2 hours.
Further, the preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of magnesium is 2.5: 1, taking 90-100 parts of dolomite and 30-40 parts of brucite, crushing the dolomite into particles with the particle size of 20-30mm and 10-20 parts of coke, conveying the three materials into a rotary kiln by metering, and simultaneously spraying 42 parts of phosphorus-containing waste residues into a discharge port of the rotary kiln, wherein the content of phosphoric acid is 70%; spraying natural gas flame into the furnace end; the natural gas flame meets coke in the mixture, the combustion is rapidly carried out to generate high temperature, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1500-; at the moment, the phosphorus-containing waste residue in the furnace is subjected to rapid chemical reaction at high temperature, and carbon dioxide and water vapor are discharged from the pulse bag-type dust collector in the reaction process; the generated high-temperature gas meets the furnace charge, and the furnace charge is gradually melted; after the phosphate fertilizer is fully melted and overheated in the furnace, the phosphate fertilizer melt is discharged from a discharge hole, and the time from feeding to discharging is 60-70 min; and (4) cooling by water spraying, then sending into a rotary drying furnace for drying, and sending the dried semi-finished product into a ball mill for grinding to obtain phosphate fertilizer particles.
Further, the phosphorus-containing waste residue is phosphorus residue obtained by neutralizing and reacting phosphorus-containing waste liquid of an electronic plant and lime and filtering; the phosphorus-containing waste residue comprises the following components: 10-40% of phosphorus pentoxide, 20-50% of calcium oxide, 0.5-20% of magnesium oxide, 0.5-20% of silicon oxide and the balance of water.
Further, the preparation method of the potash fertilizer specifically comprises the steps of mixing 60-70 parts of potassium ore, 20-30 parts of polyhalite and 15-25 parts of gypsum, grinding into fine powder, adding the fine powder and 20-30 parts of biogas slurry into a fermentation tank, sealing at 65-75 ℃ for 6 hours, and adding calcium carbonate to adjust the pH value to 8-9; then adding plant extract, stirring, introducing CO into the fermentation tank2Treating with gas for 6h, and sterilizing to obtain a mixture A; adding the composite microbial inoculum into the mixture A, fermenting for 5 days at 40-45 ℃ under anaerobic condition, sterilizing, and granulating to obtain potassium fertilizer granules.
Further, the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of adding nitrogen into 10 parts of chlorella, 8 parts of green algae, 4 parts of fresh leaves of negundo chastetree and 6 parts of purslane, grinding, adding 6 times of buffer solution, homogenizing, centrifuging for 7min, taking supernate, adding 16 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of chitosan and 6 parts of sodium alginate, and mixing.
Further, the composite microbial agent is a liquid microbial agent and contains Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, nitrobacteria and Gliocladium morbus, the viable count of the Aspergillus oryzae is 6-8 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Pseudomonas fluorescens is 4-6 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is 3-5 × 104cfu/ml, the viable count of the nitrobacteria is 4-6 × 104cfu/ml, and the viable count of the Gliocladium morbus is 6-8 × 108 cfu/ml.
Further, the water-absorbing macromolecule is one or more of pectin, algin and chitosan.
Further, the secondary element compound comprises 3-4 parts by weight of calcium nitrate, 1.5-2.5 parts by weight of EDTA-calcium, 3-4 parts by weight of beet molasses, 0.4-1 part by weight of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 0.4-1 part by weight of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 20.1-0.3 part by weight of vitamin B, 1-2 parts by weight of IDHA-magnesium, 2-3 parts by weight of yeast extract and 1-2 parts by weight of diisooctyl maleate sodium sulfonate.
Further, the preparation process of the secondary elements comprises the steps of firstly, preparing calcium nitrate, EDTA-calcium, beet molasses, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, vitamin B2, IDHA-magnesium, yeast extract and sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate according to the mass parts; then adding the raw materials and water into a reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 60 ℃, and reacting for 30min to obtain a medium element aqueous solution; and finally, putting the medium element aqueous solution into a drying machine, and drying at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the medium element compound.
Further, the trace element compound comprises, by weight, 4-6 parts of chelated copper, 5-8 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.5-0.8 part of borax, 0.2-0.4 part of polymeric boron, 0.5-0.8 part of ammonium molybdate and 1.2-2 parts of EDTA-zinc, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a proportion to obtain the trace element compound.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention effect, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the seaweed fermentation residues according to the weight ratio to obtain a mixed material, putting the mixed material into a crusher to be crushed until the particle fineness is 100-mesh and 110-mesh, adding water into the mixed material according to the addition of 7 kg/ton, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, the medium element compound and the trace element compound into the slurry prepared in the step according to the weight ratio in a granulation tower with the steam temperature of 100 ℃, spraying the obtained eutectic through a rotating spray head at the top end of the granulation tower, controlling the hot air temperature to be 220 ℃ during the falling process of the eutectic for instant drying, slowly falling to the bottom of the tower under the action of the rising air flow resistance, and completing granulation to obtain the alginic acid fertilizer.
Further, in the step S2, alginic acid fertilizer particles with the size of 2mm-4mm are obtained by sieving at the bottom of the granulating tower.
Further, the method comprises a step S3 of adding an anti-caking agent into the alginic acid fertilizer particles according to the addition of 2 kg/ton, uniformly stirring, and cooling to form granules.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) through adding the hydroscopicity macromolecule in fertilizer, fertilizer is after meeting water, because the hydroscopicity macromolecule meets water inflation, locks moisture in fertilizer, and nutrient composition in the fertilizer also can not run off along with water, can effectively prolong the absorption time of crops to fertilizer, has increased the absorption rate of fertilizer, has reduced the number of times of fertilizeing simultaneously, practices thrift cost in business.
2) The fertilizer contains fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, and the fermented alginic acid is micromolecular alginic acid, has a natural ammonia volatilization inhibition effect, namely a urease inhibition effect, can inhibit urea decomposition, and has a controlled release effect.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following preferred embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in experimental or practical applications, the materials and methods are described below. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control, and the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention effect is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5 parts of fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, 600 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1 part of water-absorbing macromolecules, 200 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 120 parts of potash fertilizer, 60 parts of medium element compounds and 8 parts of trace element compounds.
The preparation process of the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting wild seaweed, airing until the water content is 35%, crushing the wild seaweed into 30 meshes by a crusher, and adding 0.8% of mixed strains; then, mixing the seaweed meal and water according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃, and fermenting for 8 days; after fermentation, adding 3.5 times of water into the fermentation material, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 7.5 by using 35% sodium hydroxide solution; then, the solution is stirred and extracted for 10 hours by steam at the temperature of 60 ℃, and finally, the solution is subjected to filter pressing by a filter press, the pH of the obtained filtrate is adjusted to 7 by citric acid, and the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to 10 percent of the volume of the solution, so that fermented alginic acid extracting solution with the solid content of 5 percent by weight is obtained, and the fermented alginic acid extracting solution is fermented alginic acid synergistic solution with the alginic acid content of 1.3 percent by weight.
The seaweed fermentation residues are residues obtained by pressure filtration through a pressure filter after the fermentation alginic acid synergistic liquid is extracted, the organic matter content of the residues is 75%, the water content of the residues is 5%, and the residues are crushed to the fineness of 45 meshes.
The seaweed fermentation residues are added with 3 weight percent of iron-zinc preparation, and the iron-zinc preparation consists of 65 weight percent of ferrous sulfate and 35 weight percent of zinc oxide with the purity of 90 percent; the preparation process of the iron-zinc preparation comprises the steps of mixing ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide according to a proportion, adding 50 times of a water solution containing 5% of amino acid by volume, adding phosphoric acid with the volume ratio of 0.9% and the molar concentration of 50%, heating to 150 ℃ under 1.7 atmospheric pressure, and preserving heat for 6 hours.
The mixed strain is a mixture consisting of 55% of bacillus subtilis powder, 27% of saccharomycete powder and 18% of aspergillus niger powder, and the effective spore number of the mixed strain is not less than 2.5 × 1011cfu。
The nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63 parts of ammonium sulfate, 13 parts of ammonium chloride, 13 parts of ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, animal hair, 3 parts of feathers, 14 parts of modified attapulgite, 0.3 part of azotobacter, 2 parts of modified nanocarbon, 1 part of fructus cnidii, 5 parts of pomegranate roots and 9 parts of willow leaves.
The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the steps of firstly adding animal hair, feather and the like into 25% sulfuric acid in an amount which is 3 times that of the animal hair, feather and the like, hydrolyzing for 8 hours at 60 ℃ to generate amino acid, then adding lime for neutralization, adding 3-4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose into 15 parts by weight of hydrolysate according to a proportion, and then adding ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium monohydrogen phosphate for dissolution to generate amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid; soaking the weighed fructus Cnidii, radix Granati and folium Salicis Babylonicae in vinegar for 6 days, and filtering to obtain filtrate; and finally, uniformly mixing the amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid and the filtrate, adding the modified attapulgite, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the modified nanocarbon, uniformly stirring, and granulating to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the steps of putting the attapulgite into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 3min, dissolving and diluting the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent by using a small amount of ethanol, adding the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent into the high-speed mixer in a spraying mode, stirring for 15min, discharging, drying and crushing into powder.
The modified nano carbon is prepared by adding 1% of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.2% of sodium lauryl sulfate and 1% of aluminum hydroxide into nano carbon, stirring at high speed, and grinding for 1 hour.
The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of magnesium is 2.5: 1, taking 90 parts of dolomite and 30 parts of brucite, crushing the dolomite into powder with the particle size of 20mm and 10 parts of coke, conveying the three materials into a rotary kiln by metering, and simultaneously spraying 42 parts of phosphorus-containing waste residues into a discharge port of the rotary kiln, wherein the content of phosphoric acid is 70%; spraying natural gas flame into the furnace end; the natural gas flame meets coke in the mixture, the combustion is rapidly carried out to generate high temperature, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1500 ℃; at the moment, the phosphorus-containing waste residue in the furnace is subjected to rapid chemical reaction at high temperature, and carbon dioxide and water vapor are discharged from the pulse bag-type dust collector in the reaction process; the generated high-temperature gas meets the furnace charge, and the furnace charge is gradually melted; after the phosphate fertilizer is fully melted and overheated in the furnace, the phosphate fertilizer melt is discharged from a discharge hole, and the time from feeding to discharging is 60 min; and (4) cooling by water spraying, then sending into a rotary drying furnace for drying, and sending the dried semi-finished product into a ball mill for grinding to obtain phosphate fertilizer particles.
The phosphorus-containing waste residue is phosphorus residue obtained by neutralizing reaction of phosphorus-containing waste liquid of an electronic plant and lime and filtering; the phosphorus-containing waste residue comprises the following components: 10 percent of phosphorus pentoxide, 20 percent of calcium oxide, 0.5 percent of magnesium oxide, 0.5 percent of silicon oxide and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the potash fertilizer comprises the steps of mixing 60 parts of potassium ore, 20 parts of polyhalite and 15 parts of gypsum, grinding into fine powder, adding the fine powder and 20 parts of biogas slurry into a fermentation tank, sealing at 65 ℃ for 6 hours, and adding calcium carbonate to adjust the pH value to 8; then adding plant extract, stirring, introducing CO into the fermentation tank2Treating with gas for 6h, and sterilizing to obtain a mixture A; adding the composite microbial inoculum into the mixture A, fermenting for 5 days at 40 ℃ under anaerobic condition, sterilizing, and granulating to obtain potassium fertilizer granules.
The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of adding nitrogen into 10 parts of chlorella, 8 parts of green algae, 4 parts of fresh leaves of negundo chastetree and 6 parts of purslane, grinding, adding 6 times of buffer solution, homogenizing, centrifuging for 7min, taking supernate, adding 16 parts of kieselguhr, 3 parts of chitosan and 6 parts of sodium alginate, and mixing.
The composite microbial agent is a liquid microbial agent and contains Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, nitrifying bacteria and Gliocladium morbus, the viable count of the Aspergillus oryzae is 6 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Pseudomonas fluorescens is 4 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is 3 × 104cfu/ml, the viable count of the nitrifying bacteria is 4 × 104cfu/ml, the viable count of the Gliocladium morbus is 6 × 108cfu/ml, and the water-absorbing macromolecule is pectin.
The medium element compound comprises 3 parts of calcium nitrate, 1.5 parts of EDTA-calcium, 3 parts of beet molasses, 0.4 part of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 0.4 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 20.1 parts of vitamin B, 1 part of IDHA-magnesium, 2 parts of yeast extract and 1 part of sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate by weight ratio.
The preparation process of the medium elements comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing calcium nitrate, EDTA-calcium, beet molasses, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, vitamin B2, IDHA-magnesium, yeast extract and sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate according to mass percentage; then adding the raw materials and water into a reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 60 ℃, and reacting for 30min to obtain a medium element aqueous solution; and finally, putting the medium element aqueous solution into a drying machine, and drying at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the medium element compound.
The trace element compound comprises 4 parts of chelated copper, 5 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.5 part of borax, 0.2 part of polyboron, 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate and 1.2 parts of EDTA-zinc by weight ratio, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain the trace element compound.
A preparation method of alginic acid fertilizer with water and fertilizer retention effect comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and seaweed fermentation residues according to the weight ratio to obtain a mixed material, putting the mixed material into a grinder to be ground until the particle fineness is 100 meshes, adding water into the mixed material according to the addition of 7 kg/ton, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, the medium element compound and the trace element compound into the slurry prepared in the step according to the weight ratio in a granulation tower with the steam temperature of 100 ℃, spraying the obtained eutectic through a rotating spray head at the top end of the granulation tower, controlling the hot air temperature to be 220 ℃ during the falling process of the eutectic for instant drying, slowly falling to the bottom of the tower under the action of the rising air flow resistance, and completing granulation to obtain the alginic acid fertilizer.
In the step S2, alginic acid fertilizer particles with the size of 2mm are obtained by sieving at the bottom of the granulating tower. Further comprises a step S3, adding an anti-caking agent into the alginic acid fertilizer particles according to the addition of 2 kg/ton, uniformly stirring, and cooling to obtain granules.
Example 2:
an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention effect is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10 parts of fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, 780 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2 parts of water-absorbing macromolecules, 100 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 80 parts of potash fertilizer, 10 parts of medium element compound and 3 parts of trace element compound.
The preparation process of the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting wild seaweed, airing until the water content is 45%, crushing the wild seaweed into 50 meshes by a crusher, and adding 0.9% of mixed strains; then, mixing the seaweed meal and water according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 75 ℃, and fermenting for 10 days; after the fermentation is finished, adding 4 times of water into the fermentation material, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 8.5 by using 35% sodium hydroxide solution; then, the solution is stirred and extracted for 12 hours by steam at the temperature of 65 ℃, finally, the solution is pressed and filtered by a filter press, the pH of the obtained filtrate is adjusted to 7 by citric acid, and the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to 10 percent of the volume of the solution, so that fermented alginic acid extracting solution with the solid content of 10 percent by weight is obtained, and the fermented alginic acid extracting solution is fermented alginic acid synergistic solution with the alginic acid content of 5 percent by weight.
The seaweed fermentation residues are residues obtained by pressure filtration through a pressure filter after the fermentation alginic acid synergistic liquid is extracted, the organic matter content of the residues is 85 percent, the water content of the residues is 15 percent, and the residues are crushed to the fineness of 45 meshes.
The seaweed fermentation residues are added with 3 weight percent of iron-zinc preparation, and the iron-zinc preparation consists of 65 weight percent of ferrous sulfate and 35 weight percent of zinc oxide with the purity of 90 percent; the preparation process of the iron-zinc preparation comprises the steps of mixing ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide according to a proportion, adding 50 times of a water solution containing 5% of amino acid by volume, adding phosphoric acid with the volume ratio of 0.9% and the molar concentration of 50%, heating to 150 ℃ under 1.7 atmospheric pressure, and preserving heat for 6 hours.
The mixed strain is a mixture consisting of 55% of bacillus subtilis powder, 27% of saccharomycete powder and 18% of aspergillus niger powder, and the effective spore number of the mixed strain is not less than 2.5 × 1011cfu。
The nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15 parts of ammonium chloride, 18 parts of ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, animal hair, 4 parts of feathers, 16 parts of modified attapulgite, 0.5 part of azotobacter, 4 parts of modified nanocarbon, 3 parts of fructus cnidii, 7 parts of pomegranate roots and 11 parts of willow leaves.
The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the steps of adding 5 times of 35% sulfuric acid into animal hair, feathers and the like, hydrolyzing at 80 ℃ for 10 hours to generate amino acid, adding lime for neutralization, adding 4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose into 15 parts by weight of hydrolysate according to a proportion, and adding ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium monohydrogen phosphate for dissolution to generate amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid; soaking the weighed fructus Cnidii, radix Granati and folium Salicis Babylonicae in vinegar for 8 days, and filtering to obtain filtrate; and finally, uniformly mixing the amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid and the filtrate, adding the modified attapulgite, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the modified nanocarbon, uniformly stirring, and granulating to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the steps of putting the attapulgite into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 5min, dissolving and diluting the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent by using a small amount of ethanol, adding the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent into the high-speed mixer in a spraying mode, stirring for 20min, discharging, drying and crushing into powder.
The modified nano carbon is prepared by adding 2% of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.3% of sodium lauryl sulfate and 2% of aluminum hydroxide into nano carbon, stirring at high speed, and grinding for 2 hours.
The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of magnesium is 2.5: 1, 100 parts of dolomite and 40 parts of brucite are crushed to the particle size of 30mm, 20 parts of coke are taken, the three materials are conveyed into a rotary kiln through metering, and simultaneously 42 parts of phosphorus-containing waste residues are sprayed into a discharge port of the rotary kiln, wherein the content of phosphoric acid is 70%; spraying natural gas flame into the furnace end; the natural gas flame meets coke in the mixture, the combustion is rapidly carried out to generate high temperature, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 1600 ℃; at the moment, the phosphorus-containing waste residue in the furnace is subjected to rapid chemical reaction at high temperature, and carbon dioxide and water vapor are discharged from the pulse bag-type dust collector in the reaction process; the generated high-temperature gas meets the furnace charge, and the furnace charge is gradually melted; after the phosphate fertilizer is fully melted and overheated in the furnace, the phosphate fertilizer melt is discharged from a discharge hole, and the time from feeding to discharging is 70 min; and (4) cooling by water spraying, then sending into a rotary drying furnace for drying, and sending the dried semi-finished product into a ball mill for grinding to obtain phosphate fertilizer particles.
The phosphorus-containing waste residue is phosphorus residue obtained by neutralizing reaction of phosphorus-containing waste liquid of an electronic plant and lime and filtering; the phosphorus-containing waste residue comprises the following components: the phosphorus pentoxide content is 40%, the calcium oxide content is 50%, the magnesium oxide content is 20%, the silicon oxide content is 20%, and the balance is water.
The preparation method of the potash fertilizer comprises the following steps of mixing and grinding 70 parts of potassium ore, 30 parts of polyhalite and 25 parts of gypsum into fine powderAdding the powder and 30 parts of biogas slurry into a fermentation tank, sealing at 75 ℃ for 6 hours, and adding calcium carbonate to adjust the pH value to 9; then adding plant extract, stirring, introducing CO into the fermentation tank2Treating with gas for 6h, and sterilizing to obtain a mixture A; adding the composite microbial inoculum into the mixture A, fermenting for 5 days at 45 ℃ under anaerobic condition, sterilizing, and granulating to obtain potassium fertilizer granules.
The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of adding nitrogen into 10 parts of chlorella, 8 parts of green algae, 4 parts of fresh leaves of negundo chastetree and 6 parts of purslane, grinding, adding 6 times of buffer solution, homogenizing, centrifuging for 7min, taking supernate, adding 16 parts of kieselguhr, 3 parts of chitosan and 6 parts of sodium alginate, and mixing.
The composite microbial agent is a liquid microbial agent and contains Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, nitrobacteria and Gliocladium morganii, wherein the viable count of the Aspergillus oryzae is 8 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Pseudomonas fluorescens is 6 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is 5 × 104cfu/ml, the viable count of the nitrobacteria is 6 × 104cfu/ml, and the viable count of the Gliocladium morganii is 8 × 108 cfu/ml.
The water-absorbing macromolecule is one or more of pectin, algin and chitosan.
The medium element compound comprises 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 2.5 parts of EDTA-calcium, 4 parts of beet molasses, 1 part of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 1 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 20.3 parts of vitamin B, 2 parts of IDHA-magnesium, 3 parts of yeast extract and 2 parts of sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate according to weight ratio.
The preparation process of the medium elements comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing calcium nitrate, EDTA-calcium, beet molasses, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, vitamin B2, IDHA-magnesium, yeast extract and sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate according to mass percentage; then adding the raw materials and water into a reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 60 ℃, and reacting for 30min to obtain a medium element aqueous solution; and finally, putting the medium element aqueous solution into a drying machine, and drying at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the medium element compound.
The trace element compound comprises 6 parts of chelated copper, 8 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.8 part of borax, 0.4 part of polyboron, 0.8 part of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of EDTA-zinc by weight ratio, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to obtain the trace element compound.
A preparation method of alginic acid fertilizer with water and fertilizer retention effect comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the seaweed fermentation residues according to the weight ratio to obtain a mixed material, putting the mixed material into a grinder to be ground until the particle fineness is 110 meshes, adding water into the mixed material according to the addition of 7 kg/ton, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, the medium element compound and the trace element compound into the slurry prepared in the step according to the weight ratio in a granulation tower with the steam temperature of 100 ℃, spraying the obtained eutectic through a rotating spray head at the top end of the granulation tower, controlling the hot air temperature to be 220 ℃ during the falling process of the eutectic for instant drying, slowly falling to the bottom of the tower under the action of the rising air flow resistance, and completing granulation to obtain the alginic acid fertilizer.
In the step S2, alginic acid fertilizer particles with the size of 4mm are obtained by sieving at the bottom of the granulating tower. The preparation method also comprises the step S3 of adding an anti-caking agent into the alginic acid fertilizer particles according to the addition of 2 kg/ton, stirring uniformly, and cooling to form granules.
Example 3:
an alginic acid fertilizer with a water and fertilizer retention effect is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
8 parts of fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, 700 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 2 parts of water-absorbing macromolecules, 150 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 100 parts of potash fertilizer, 35 parts of medium element compound and 5 parts of trace element compound.
The preparation process of the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid comprises the following steps of firstly, selecting wild seaweed, airing until the water content is 40%, crushing the wild seaweed into 40 meshes by a crusher, and adding 0.9% of mixed strains; then, mixing the seaweed meal and water according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 72 ℃, and fermenting for 9 days; after the fermentation is finished, adding 4 times of water into the fermentation material, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH to 8 by using 35% sodium hydroxide solution; then, the solution is stirred and extracted for 11 hours by steam at the temperature of 62 ℃, finally, the solution is pressed and filtered by a filter press, the pH of the obtained filtrate is adjusted to 7 by citric acid, and the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to 10 percent of the volume of the solution, so that fermented alginic acid extracting solution with the solid content of 8 percent by weight is obtained, and the fermented alginic acid extracting solution is fermented alginic acid synergistic solution with the alginic acid content of 3 percent by weight.
The seaweed fermentation residues are residues obtained by pressure filtration through a pressure filter after the fermentation alginic acid synergistic liquid is extracted, the organic matter content of the residues is 80%, the water content of the residues is 10%, and the residues are crushed to the fineness of 45 meshes.
The seaweed fermentation residues are added with 3 weight percent of iron-zinc preparation, and the iron-zinc preparation consists of 65 weight percent of ferrous sulfate and 35 weight percent of zinc oxide with the purity of 90 percent; the preparation process of the iron-zinc preparation comprises the steps of mixing ferrous sulfate and zinc oxide according to a proportion, adding 50 times of a water solution containing 5% of amino acid by volume, adding phosphoric acid with the volume ratio of 0.9% and the molar concentration of 50%, heating to 150 ℃ under 1.7 atmospheric pressure, and preserving heat for 6 hours.
The mixed strain is a mixture consisting of 55% of bacillus subtilis powder, 27% of saccharomycete powder and 18% of aspergillus niger powder, and the effective spore number of the mixed strain is not less than 2.5 × 1011cfu。
The nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 64 parts of ammonium sulfate, 14 parts of ammonium chloride, 15 parts of ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, animal hair, 4 parts of feathers, 15 parts of modified attapulgite, 0.4 part of azotobacter, 3 parts of modified nanocarbon, 2 parts of fructus cnidii, 6 parts of pomegranate roots and 10 parts of willow leaves.
The preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the steps of adding animal hair, feather and the like into 4 times of 30% sulfuric acid, hydrolyzing at 70 ℃ for 9 hours to generate amino acid, adding lime for neutralization, adding 4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose into 15 parts by weight of hydrolysate according to a proportion, and adding ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium monohydrogen phosphate for dissolution to generate amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid; soaking the weighed fructus Cnidii, radix Granati and folium Salicis Babylonicae in vinegar for 7 days, and filtering to obtain filtrate; and finally, uniformly mixing the amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid and the filtrate, adding the modified attapulgite, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the modified nanocarbon, uniformly stirring, and granulating to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer.
The preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the steps of putting the attapulgite into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 4min, dissolving and diluting the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent by using a small amount of ethanol, adding the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent into the high-speed mixer in a spraying mode, stirring for 17min, discharging, drying and crushing into powder.
The modified nano carbon is prepared by adding 2% of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.3% of sodium lauryl sulfate and 2% of aluminum hydroxide into nano carbon, stirring at high speed, and grinding for 2 hours.
The preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps: the molar ratio of magnesium is 2.5: 1, taking 95 parts of dolomite and 35 parts of brucite, crushing the dolomite into powder with the particle size of 30mm and 15 parts of coke, conveying the three materials into a rotary kiln by metering, and simultaneously spraying 42 parts of phosphorus-containing waste residues into a discharge port of the rotary kiln, wherein the content of phosphoric acid is 70%; spraying natural gas flame into the furnace end; the natural gas flame meets coke in the mixture, the combustion is rapidly carried out to generate high temperature, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 1600 ℃; at the moment, the phosphorus-containing waste residue in the furnace is subjected to rapid chemical reaction at high temperature, and carbon dioxide and water vapor are discharged from the pulse bag-type dust collector in the reaction process; the generated high-temperature gas meets the furnace charge, and the furnace charge is gradually melted; after the phosphate fertilizer is fully melted and overheated in the furnace, the phosphate fertilizer melt is discharged from a discharge hole, and the time from feeding to discharging is 65 min; and (4) cooling by water spraying, then sending into a rotary drying furnace for drying, and sending the dried semi-finished product into a ball mill for grinding to obtain phosphate fertilizer particles.
The phosphorus-containing waste residue is phosphorus residue obtained by neutralizing reaction of phosphorus-containing waste liquid of an electronic plant and lime and filtering; the phosphorus-containing waste residue comprises the following components: 25% of phosphorus pentoxide, 35% of calcium oxide, 12.5% of magnesium oxide, 14.3% of silicon oxide and the balance of water.
The preparation method of the potash fertilizer comprises the steps of mixing 65 parts of potassium ore, 25 parts of polyhalite and 20 parts of gypsum, grinding into fine powder, adding the fine powder and 25 parts of biogas slurry into a fermentation tank, sealing at 70 ℃ for 6 hours, and adding calcium carbonate to adjust the pH value to 9; adding plant extract, stirring, and adding into fermentation tankIntroducing CO2Treating with gas for 6h, and sterilizing to obtain a mixture A; adding the composite microbial inoculum into the mixture A, fermenting for 5 days at 42 ℃ under anaerobic condition, sterilizing, and granulating to obtain potassium fertilizer granules.
The preparation method of the plant extract comprises the steps of adding nitrogen into 10 parts of chlorella, 8 parts of green algae, 4 parts of fresh leaves of negundo chastetree and 6 parts of purslane, grinding, adding 6 times of buffer solution, homogenizing, centrifuging for 7min, taking supernate, adding 16 parts of kieselguhr, 3 parts of chitosan and 6 parts of sodium alginate, and mixing.
The composite microbial agent is a liquid microbial agent and contains Aspergillus niger, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans, nitrifying bacteria and Gliocladium morganii, wherein the viable count of the Aspergillus oryzae is 7 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Pseudomonas fluorescens is 5 × 108cfu/ml, the viable count of the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is 4 × 104cfu/ml, the viable count of the nitrifying bacteria is 5 × 104cfu/ml, and the viable count of the Gliocladium morganii is 7 × 108 cfu/ml.
The water-absorbing macromolecule is one or more of pectin, algin and chitosan.
The medium element compound comprises 4 parts of calcium nitrate, 2 parts of EDTA-calcium, 4 parts of beet molasses, 0.6 part of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 0.7 part of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 20.2 parts of vitamin B, 2 parts of IDHA-magnesium, 3 parts of yeast extract and 2 parts of sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate according to weight ratio.
The preparation process of the medium elements comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing calcium nitrate, EDTA-calcium, beet molasses, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, vitamin B2, IDHA-magnesium, yeast extract and sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate according to mass percentage; then adding the raw materials and water into a reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 60 ℃, and reacting for 30min to obtain a medium element aqueous solution; and finally, putting the medium element aqueous solution into a drying machine, and drying at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the medium element compound.
The trace element compound comprises, by weight, 5 parts of chelated copper, 6 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.7 part of borax, 0.3 part of polyboron, 0.6 part of ammonium molybdate and 1.6 parts of EDTA-zinc, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a proportion to obtain the trace element compound.
A preparation method of alginic acid fertilizer with water and fertilizer retention effect comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the seaweed fermentation residues according to the weight ratio to obtain a mixed material, putting the mixed material into a grinder to be ground until the particle fineness is 110 meshes, adding water into the mixed material according to the addition of 7 kg/ton, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, the medium element compound and the trace element compound into the slurry prepared in the step according to the weight ratio in a granulation tower with the steam temperature of 100 ℃, spraying the obtained eutectic through a rotating spray head at the top end of the granulation tower, controlling the hot air temperature to be 220 ℃ during the falling process of the eutectic for instant drying, slowly falling to the bottom of the tower under the action of the rising air flow resistance, and completing granulation to obtain the alginic acid fertilizer.
In the step S2, alginic acid fertilizer particles with the size of 3mm are obtained by sieving at the bottom of the granulating tower. The preparation method also comprises the step S3 of adding an anti-caking agent into the alginic acid fertilizer particles according to the addition of 2 kg/ton, uniformly stirring, and cooling to obtain granules.
Application effect test of alginic acid fertilizer
A test field is selected in a tomato planting base in Shandong province, and fertilizer effect research is carried out in an open-air planting mode. The treatment is respectively the alginic acid fertilizer, the common fertilizer purchased in the market and the clear water.
The test method comprises the following steps: the experiment was set to three treatment quadruplicates.
①, conventional fertilization and the alginic acid fertilizer produced in the example 1 are treated in a drip irrigation mode in different growth periods of crops, 60 g/mu of the alginic acid fertilizer is applied and diluted by 800 times in a tomato seedling period, and 150 g/mu of the alginic acid fertilizer is applied and diluted by 500 times in a fruiting period, and the alginic acid fertilizer is applied once every 10 days for 3 times.
② conventional fertilization and ordinary fertilizer, ordinary fertilizer from Shandong company, N-P2O5-K2O-15-10-20, water soluble fertilizer was used as indicated.
③ conventional fertilization and drip irrigation with equal amount of clear water, the management measures are consistent except for fertilization measures in each treatment, the yield is measured when fruits are harvested, and the test results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on tomato yield (kg/mu)
As can be seen from the results in the table 1, the yield of the tomatoes is obviously increased after the alginic acid fertilizer is used, and compared with a clear water control group, the yield is increased by 949.7 kg, and the yield is increased by 33.7%; compared with the common fertilizer group, the yield of each mu is increased by 637.7 kilograms, and the yield is increased by 20.4 percent.
The invention also researches the quality and properties of the fruits of the saffron persimmons in the test, randomly selects 10 fruits with the same growth vigor, and takes an average value, wherein the specific results are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of the fruit quality traits of tomatoes of different treatment groups
| ① | ② | ③ | |
| Weight of single fruit (g) | 89.6 | 74.5 | 55.6 |
| Pulp thickness (cm) | 0.83 | 0.52 | 0.38 |
| Soluble solids content (%) | 6.72 | 5.21 | 4.35 |
| Soluble sugar content (%) | 8.04 | 6.93 | 5.70 |
| Lycopene content (mg/kg) | 30.2 | 22.3 | 18.2 |
| Vc content (mg/100g) | 24.9 | 15.6 | 10.9 |
As can be seen from the results in table 2 above, the alginic acid fertilizer of the present invention has a very significant effect on improving the quality of tomatoes. Compared with the clear water control group, the weight of single fruit, the thickness of pulp, the content of soluble solid matter, the content of soluble sugar, the content of lycopene and the content of Vc are all higher. The water-absorbing macromolecules contained in the fertilizer can swell when meeting water, so that water is locked in the fertilizer, nutrient components in the fertilizer can not run off along with water, the absorption time of crops on the fertilizer can be effectively prolonged, and the absorption rate of the fertilizer is increased. The tomato plant biological enzyme also contains a plurality of biological enzyme active substances, a large number of beneficial microorganisms stimulate plants to generate more substances similar to antibiotics, the resistance of the plants is enhanced, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of crops is reduced, and meanwhile, the tomato plant biological enzyme has a certain effect of stimulating the cell activity, improves the transmission capability of nutrients, promotes the absorption and utilization of the tomatoes on the nutrients, and improves the yield and the quality of the tomatoes.
The above detailed description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment, i.e. all equivalent changes and modifications should be made within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of fermented alginic acid synergistic liquid, 780 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 600-containing organic fertilizer, 1-2 parts of water-absorbing macromolecules, 200 parts of phosphate fertilizer 100-containing organic fertilizer, 80-120 parts of potassium fertilizer, 10-60 parts of secondary element compounds and 3-8 parts of trace element compounds.
2. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the fermented alginic acid synergistic solution comprises the steps of firstly selecting wild seaweeds, airing until the water content is 35-45%, crushing to 30-50 meshes by a crusher, and adding 0.8-0.9% of mixed strains; then, mixing the seaweed meal and water according to a weight ratio of 1.5: 1, mixing, uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 70-75 ℃, and fermenting for 8-10 days; after fermentation, adding 3.5-4 times of water into the fermented material, stirring uniformly, and adjusting the pH to 7.5-8.5 by using 35% sodium hydroxide solution; then, the solution is stirred and extracted for 10 to 12 hours at the steam controlled temperature of 60 to 65 ℃, finally, the solution is pressed and filtered by a filter press, the pH of the obtained filtrate is adjusted to 7 by citric acid, and the filtrate is evaporated and concentrated to 10 percent of the volume of the solution, so that fermented alginic acid extracting solution with the solid content of 5 to 10 percent by weight is obtained, and the fermented alginic acid extracting solution is fermented alginic acid synergistic solution with the alginic acid content of 1.3 to 5 percent by weight.
3. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 2, wherein the seaweed fermentation residue is residue obtained by pressure filtration through a filter press after extracting the fermented alginic acid synergistic solution, and has an organic matter content of 75-85%, a water content of 5-15%, and a fineness of 45 mesh by grinding;
the mixed strain is a mixture consisting of 55% of bacillus subtilis powder, 27% of saccharomycete powder and 18% of aspergillus niger powder, and the effective spore number of the mixed strain is not less than 2.5 × 1011cfu。
4. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 63-65 parts of ammonium sulfate, 13-15 parts of ammonium chloride, 13-18 parts of ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, 3-4 parts of animal hair, 3-4 parts of feather, 14-16 parts of modified attapulgite, 0.3-0.5 part of azotobacter, 2-4 parts of modified nano carbon, 1-3 parts of fructus cnidii, 5-7 parts of pomegranate root and 9-11 parts of willow leaf;
the preparation method of the nitrogen fertilizer comprises the steps of firstly adding 3-5 times of 25-35% sulfuric acid into animal hair, feathers and the like, hydrolyzing at 60-80 ℃ for 8-10 hours to generate amino acid, then adding lime for neutralization, adding 3-4 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose into 15 parts by weight of hydrolysate according to a proportion, and then adding ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium monohydrogen phosphate for dissolution to generate amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid; soaking the weighed fructus Cnidii, radix Granati and folium Salicis Babylonicae in vinegar for 6-8 days, and filtering to obtain filtrate; finally, uniformly mixing the amino acid chelated fertilizer liquid and the filtrate, adding the modified attapulgite, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and the modified nanocarbon, uniformly stirring, and granulating to obtain a nitrogen fertilizer;
the preparation method of the modified attapulgite comprises the steps of putting the attapulgite into a high-speed mixer, stirring for 3-5min, dissolving and diluting the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent by using a small amount of ethanol, adding the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent into the high-speed mixer in a spraying manner, stirring for 15-20min, discharging, drying and crushing into powder, wherein the dosage of the NDZ-311 titanate coupling agent is 1-2% of the weight of the attapulgite;
the modified nano carbon is prepared by adding 1-2% of silane coupling agent KH550, 0.2-0.3% of sodium lauryl sulfate and 1-2% of aluminum hydroxide into nano carbon, stirring at high speed, and grinding for 1-2 hours.
5. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing macromolecule is one or more of pectin, algin and chitosan.
6. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the phosphate fertilizer is specifically as follows: the molar ratio of magnesium is 2.5: 1, taking 90-100 parts of dolomite and 30-40 parts of brucite, crushing the dolomite into particles with the particle size of 20-30mm and 10-20 parts of coke, conveying the three materials into a rotary kiln by metering, and simultaneously spraying 42 parts of phosphorus-containing waste residues into a discharge port of the rotary kiln, wherein the content of phosphoric acid is 70%; spraying natural gas flame into the furnace end; the natural gas flame meets coke in the mixture, the combustion is rapidly carried out to generate high temperature, and the temperature in the furnace is controlled at 1500-; at the moment, the phosphorus-containing waste residue in the furnace is subjected to rapid chemical reaction at high temperature, and carbon dioxide and water vapor are discharged from the pulse bag-type dust collector in the reaction process; the generated high-temperature gas meets the furnace charge, and the furnace charge is gradually melted; after the phosphate fertilizer is fully melted and overheated in the furnace, the phosphate fertilizer melt is discharged from a discharge hole, and the time from feeding to discharging is 60-70 min; and (4) cooling by water spraying, then sending into a rotary drying furnace for drying, and sending the dried semi-finished product into a ball mill for grinding to obtain phosphate fertilizer particles.
7. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the potash fertilizer is specifically that 60-70 parts of potash ore, 20-30 parts of polyhalite and 15-25 parts of gypsum are mixed and ground into fine powder, the fine powder and 20-30 parts of biogas slurry are added into a fermentation tank to be sealed and treated at 65-75 ℃ for 6 hours, and calcium carbonate is added to adjust the pH value to 8-9; then adding plant extract, stirring, introducing CO into the fermentation tank2Treating with gas for 6h, and sterilizing to obtain a mixture A; adding the composite microbial inoculum into the mixture A, fermenting for 5 days at 40-45 ℃ under anaerobic condition, sterilizing, and granulating to obtain potassium fertilizer granules.
8. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing macromolecule is one or more of pectin, algin and chitosan.
9. The alginic acid fertilizer with the water and fertilizer retention function of claim 1, wherein the medium element compounds comprise 3 to 4 parts by weight of calcium nitrate, 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of EDTA-calcium, 3 to 4 parts by weight of beet molasses, 0.4 to 1 part by weight of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 0.4 to 1 part by weight of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 20.1 to 0.3 part by weight of vitamin B, 1 to 2 parts by weight of IDHA-magnesium, 2 to 3 parts by weight of yeast extract and 1 to 2 parts by weight of sodium diisooctyl maleate sulfonate;
the trace element compound comprises, by weight, 4-6 parts of chelated copper, 5-8 parts of ferric sulfate, 0.5-0.8 part of borax, 0.2-0.4 part of polymeric boron, 0.5-0.8 part of ammonium molybdate and 1.2-2 parts of EDTA-zinc, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed according to a proportion to obtain the trace element compound.
10. A preparation method of alginic acid fertilizer with water and fertilizer retention function is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the seaweed fermentation residues according to the weight ratio to obtain a mixed material, putting the mixed material into a crusher to be crushed until the particle fineness is 100-mesh and 110-mesh, adding water into the mixed material according to the addition of 7 kg/ton, and uniformly stirring;
s2, adding the prepared fermented alginic acid synergistic solution, the medium element compound and the trace element compound into the slurry prepared in the step according to the weight ratio in a granulation tower with the steam temperature of 100 ℃, spraying the obtained eutectic through a rotating spray head at the top end of the granulation tower, controlling the hot air temperature to be 220 ℃ during the falling process of the eutectic for instant drying, slowly falling to the bottom of the tower under the action of the rising air flow resistance, and completing granulation to obtain alginic acid fertilizer particles;
and S3, adding an anti-caking agent into the alginic acid fertilizer particles according to the addition amount of 2 kg/ton, uniformly stirring, and cooling to form granules.
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| CN115448793A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-09 | 安徽司尔特化肥科技有限公司 | Alginic acid-containing bulk blend fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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