CN114984073A - 一种羌活配方颗粒的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)挥发油提取;(2)水提取;(3)减压浓缩;(4)挥发油包合;(5)喷雾干燥;(6)过筛混合;(7)干法制粒。本发明解决了羌活中热敏性成分如阿魏酸、羌活醇、异欧前胡素等有机酸类、香豆素类化学成分易降解损失的问题,提高了羌活配方颗粒的产品质量;克服了传统中药生产过程中提取液、浓缩液等中间体温度高、受热时间长的问题,可适用于工业化大生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种配方颗粒的制备方法,尤其涉及一种羌活配方颗粒的制备方法。
背景技术
羌活为伞形科植物羌活或宽叶羌活的干燥根茎和根,主要化学成分为挥发油及萜类、香豆素类、糖及糖苷类、酚酸类、聚烯炔类、酰胺类,其中挥发油及萜类、香豆素类、酚酸类、聚烯炔类含量较高,具有明显的抗炎抗菌、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗癌细胞增殖、解热镇痛等活性,且对心脑血管系统、消化系统、呼吸系统和中枢神经系统有显著影响,是解表散寒、祛风除湿、止痛的传统中药,常用于治疗风寒感冒、头痛项强、风湿痹痛、肩背酸痛等症状。
中国专利文献CN101474224B,公开了一种羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,该方法采用直通蒸汽法提取饮片中的挥发油,药渣再经水煎煮、减压浓缩后与挥发油包合物一同喷雾干燥,干法制粒得羌活配方颗粒,该工艺过程中提取液、浓缩液温度偏高、受热时间偏长,其有机酸类、香豆素类有效成分如阿魏酸、羌活醇、异欧前胡素因热稳定性较差会发生降解或变化,使得最终配方颗粒的有效成分与传统汤剂差异较大,进而影响产品的临床疗效。
中国专利文献CN113759045A,公开了一种羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,该方法对羌活饮片进行两次沸腾提取后经浓缩、干燥、制粒得羌活配方颗粒,该工艺除存在与文献CN101474224B类似的工艺过程中有效成分热敏性损失较大的问题,也未在配方颗粒中加入挥发油,挥发油作为羌活的一种主要有效成分,2020年版《中国药典》规定挥发油含量不得少于1.4%,是羌活解表散寒、祛风除湿等功效对应的主要药效成分,若在颗粒中未予保留,将在很大程度上影响羌活配方颗粒的药效。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明旨在提供一种产品质量高,有效成分含量高的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法。
技术方案:本发明所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)挥发油提取
投料,通入蒸汽,收集经过初步油水分离的蒸馏液;
(2)水提取
向提取挥发油后的饮片中,加入14~22倍重量份的水,加热,温浸提取后得到羌活提取液;
(3)减压浓缩
上述羌活提取液经过滤后,进行减压浓缩;
(4)挥发油包合
先将挥发油溶解于等倍量的乙醇中,得羌活挥发油乙醇液,加入纯化水,置于胶体磨中,加入挥发油8~12倍重量份的β-环糊精,研磨使分散均匀,再边研磨边缓慢加入羌活挥发油乙醇液进行包合,得羌活挥发油包合物;
(5)喷雾干燥
向浓缩液中加入饮片投料量3~5%质量份的麦芽糊精,以及羌活挥发油包合物,搅拌均匀,经过滤后,输入喷雾干燥机进行干燥,适时收粉,得羌活喷雾干燥粉;
(6)过筛混合
羌活喷雾干燥粉加入麦芽糊精,二氧化硅和羌活喷雾干燥粉0.1~0.3%质量份的硬脂酸镁,过筛,进行总混后得羌活提取物;
(7)干法制粒。
优选地,所述制备方法在挥发油提取前还包括前处理步骤,具体为:除去杂质,洗净,润透,转盘式切药机切2~4mm厚片。
优选地,步骤(1)中所述收集蒸馏液的时间为0.25~0.75小时,收集过程中控制冷却水进水温度≤35℃,冷却水出水温度≤60℃,挥发油提取温度为90~100℃。
优选地,步骤(2)中所述加热温度为50~80℃,温浸提取时间为1~3小时。
优选地,步骤(3)中所述浓缩温度为50~70℃,浓缩液相对密度为1.10~1.12(40℃测)。
优选地,步骤(4)中所述研磨时间为3~7分钟;包合时间为15~45分钟。
优选地,步骤(5)中所述干燥机设置为进风温度165~180℃,出风温度95~105℃,雾化盘频率90~100%。
优选地,步骤(6)中所述麦芽糊精的质量份数为饮片投料量的3~5%,二氧化硅的质量份数为羌活喷雾干燥粉的0.1~0.3%,硬脂酸镁的质量份数为羌活喷雾干燥粉的0.1~0.3%质量份;所述总混过程置于固定料斗混合机内进行,混合机转速为6~7转/分钟,总混时间为15~45分钟。
优选地,步骤(7)中所述干法制粒参数为:垂直送料:15~20转/分钟,水平送料:100~130转/分钟,压辊转速:12~15转/分钟,压辊压力:10~15MPa,整粒转速:100~140转/分钟,整粒筛网目数:12~40目。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下显著优点:本发明解决了羌活中热敏性成分如阿魏酸、羌活醇、异欧前胡素等机酸类、香豆素类化学成分易降解损失的问题,提高了羌活配方颗粒的产品质量;克服了传统中药生产过程中提取液、浓缩液等中间体温度高、受热时间长的问题。本发明的制备工艺适用于工业化大生产。
附图说明
图1为实施例1羌活配方颗粒含量测定对照品图谱;
图2为实施例1羌活配方颗粒含量测定供试品图谱;
图3为对比例1羌活配方颗粒含量测定对照品图谱;
图4为对比例1羌活配方颗粒含量测定供试品图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例1
羌活配方颗粒
1.前处理
除去杂质,洗净,润透,转盘式切药机切2~4mm厚片。
2.挥发油提取
多功能罐中先投料,缓缓通入锅内蒸汽,收集经过初步油水分离的蒸馏液0.5小时,冷却水进水温度≤35℃、冷却水出水温度≤60℃,挥发油提取温度90~100℃。分取挥发油(要求:以100kg饮片计,收得挥发油量为10~50mL),备用。
3.水提取
向提取挥发油后的饮片中,加入18倍重量份的水,加热至65℃,温浸提取2小时,即得提取液。
4.减压浓缩
羌活(羌活)提取液经200目双联过滤器过滤后,进行减压浓缩,浓缩温度50~70℃,浓缩液相对密度1.10(40℃测),收膏率102%。
5.挥发油包合
先将挥发油溶解于等倍量的95%乙醇中,得羌活(羌活)挥发油乙醇液。称取挥发油30倍重量份的纯化水置于胶体磨中,加入挥发油10倍重量份的β-环糊精,研磨5分钟使分散均匀,再边研磨边缓慢加入羌活(羌活)挥发油乙醇液,包合30分钟,得羌活(羌活)挥发油包合物。
6.喷雾干燥
向浓缩液中加入饮片投料量5%质量份的麦芽糊精(型号MD20),以及羌活(羌活)挥发油包合物,搅拌均匀,经200目筛网过滤后,输入喷雾干燥机进行干燥,进风温度175℃,出风温度95℃,雾化盘频率90%,适时收粉,得羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉。
7.过筛混合
羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉加入饮片投料量3%质量份的麦芽糊精(型号MD20,100目),以及羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉0.1%质量份的二氧化硅和羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉0.1%质量份的硬脂酸镁,过80目筛,置于固定料斗混合机内进行总混,混合机转速为7转/分钟,总混时间为30分钟,得羌活(羌活)提取物。
8.干法制粒
对羌活(羌活)提取物进行干法制粒,干法制粒参数为:垂直送料:15~20转/分钟,水平送料:100~130转/分钟,压辊转速:12~15转/分钟,压辊压力:10~15MPa,整粒转速:100~140转/分钟,整粒筛网目数:12~40目。
包装,得羌活(羌活)配方颗粒成品(每1克配方颗粒相当于饮片3.5克)。
取样送检,方法及标准参考羌活(羌活)配方颗粒标准(江苏省药品监督管理局中药配方颗粒标准,编号:JS-YBZ-2022135)。
对比例1
羌活(羌活)配方颗粒
1.前处理
除去杂质,洗净,润透,转盘式切药机切2~4mm厚片。
2.挥发油提取
多功能罐中先投料,缓缓通入锅内蒸汽,收集经过初步油水分离的蒸馏液0.5小时,冷却水进水温度≤35℃、冷却水出水温度≤60℃,挥发油提取温度90~100℃。分取挥发油(要求:以100kg饮片计,收得挥发油量为10~50mL),备用。
3.水提取
一煎向提取挥发油后的饮片中加入8倍重量份的水,加热至沸,微沸提取1小时;一煎后药渣加入羌活(羌活)饮片6倍重量份的水,加热至沸,微沸提取1小时,即二煎。
4.减压浓缩
合并一、二煎羌活(羌活)提取液,经200目双联过滤器过滤后,进行减压浓缩,浓缩温度50~70℃,浓缩液相对密度1.11(40℃测),收膏率93%。
5.挥发油包合
先将挥发油溶解于等倍量的95%乙醇中,得羌活(羌活)挥发油乙醇液。称取挥发油30倍重量份的纯化水置于胶体磨中,加入挥发油10倍重量份的β-环糊精,研磨5分钟使分散均匀,再边研磨边缓慢加入羌活(羌活)挥发油乙醇液,包合30分钟,得羌活(羌活)挥发油包合物。
6.喷雾干燥
向浓缩液中加入饮片投料量5%质量份的麦芽糊精(型号MD20),以及羌活(羌活)挥发油包合物,搅拌均匀,经200目筛网过滤后,输入喷雾干燥机进行干燥,进风温度175℃,出风温度95℃,雾化盘频率90%,适时收粉,得羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉。
7.过筛混合
羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉加入饮片投料量2.9%质量份的麦芽糊精(型号MD20,100目),以及羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉0.1%质量份的二氧化硅和羌活(羌活)喷雾干燥粉0.1%质量份的硬脂酸镁,过80目筛,置于固定料斗混合机内进行总混,混合机转速为7转/分钟,总混时间为30分钟,得羌活(羌活)提取物。
8.干法制粒
对羌活(羌活)提取物进行干法制粒,干法制粒参数为:垂直送料:15~20转/分钟,水平送料:100~130转/分钟,压辊转速:12~15转/分钟,压辊压力:10~15MPa,整粒转速:100~140转/分钟,整粒筛网目数:12~40目。
包装,得羌活(羌活)配方颗粒成品(每1克配方颗粒相当于饮片3.5克)。
取样送检,方法及标准参考羌活(羌活)配方颗粒标准(江苏省药品监督管理局中药配方颗粒标准,编号:JS-YBZ-2022135)。
图1和图2分别为实施例1羌活配方颗粒含量测定对照品和供试品图谱;图3和图4为对比例1羌活配方颗粒含量测定对照品和供试品图谱。从图中可以看出,与对比例1相比,实施例1的指标成分含量远高于对比例1。对比例1中每1克羌活(羌活)配方颗粒含阿魏酸为0.82mg,羌活醇和异欧前胡素的总量为0.12mg(其中羌活醇为0.12mg,异欧前胡素未检出)。实施例1中每1克羌活(羌活)配方颗粒含阿魏酸为2.34mg,羌活醇和异欧前胡素的总量为1.56mg(其中羌活醇为0.63mg,异欧前胡素为0.93mg)。羌活(羌活)配方颗粒标准(江苏省药品监督管理局中药配方颗粒标准,编号:JS-YBZ-2022135)中规定:本品1克含阿魏酸应为0.8~8.0mg,羌活醇和异欧前胡素的总量应为0.4~4.0mg。
Claims (10)
1.一种羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)挥发油提取
投料,通入蒸汽,收集经过初步油水分离的蒸馏液;
(2)水提取
向提取挥发油后的饮片中,加入14~22倍重量份的水,加热,温浸提取后得到羌活提取液;
(3)减压浓缩
上述羌活提取液经过滤后,进行减压浓缩;
(4)挥发油包合
先将挥发油溶解于等倍量的乙醇中,得羌活挥发油乙醇液,加入纯化水,置于胶体磨中,加入挥发油8~12倍重量份的β-环糊精,研磨使分散均匀,再边研磨边缓慢加入羌活挥发油乙醇液进行包合,得羌活挥发油包合物;
(5)喷雾干燥
向浓缩液中加入饮片投料量3~5%质量份的麦芽糊精,以及羌活挥发油包合物,搅拌均匀,经过滤后,输入喷雾干燥机进行干燥,适时收粉,得羌活喷雾干燥粉;
(6)过筛混合
羌活喷雾干燥粉加入麦芽糊精,二氧化硅和羌活喷雾干燥粉0.1~0.3%质量份的硬脂酸镁,过筛,进行总混后得羌活提取物;
(7)干法制粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法在挥发油提取前还包括前处理步骤,具体为:除去杂质,洗净,润透,转盘式切药机切2~4mm厚片。
3.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述收集蒸馏液的时间为0.25~0.75小时,收集过程中控制冷却水进水温度≤35℃,冷却水出水温度≤60℃,挥发油提取温度为90~100℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述加热温度为50~80℃,温浸提取时间为1~3小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述浓缩温度为50~70℃,浓缩液相对密度为1.10~1.12(40℃测)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述研磨时间为3~7分钟;包合时间为15~45分钟。
7.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中所述干燥机设置为进风温度165~180℃,出风温度95~105℃,雾化盘频率90~100%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中所述麦芽糊精的质量份数为饮片投料量的3~5%,二氧化硅的质量份数为羌活喷雾干燥粉的0.1~0.3%,硬脂酸镁的质量份数为羌活喷雾干燥粉的0.1~0.3%质量份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中所述总混过程置于固定料斗混合机内进行,混合机转速为6~7转/分钟,总混时间为15~45分钟。
10.根据权利要求1所述的羌活配方颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(7)中所述干法制粒参数为:垂直送料:15~20转/分钟,水平送料:100~130转/分钟,压辊转速:12~15转/分钟,压辊压力:10~15MPa,整粒转速:100~140转/分钟,整粒筛网目数:12~40目。
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